Eriogonum latifolium

Smith in A. Rees

in A. Rees, Cycl. 13(2): Eriogonum no. 3. 1809.

Common names: Seaside wild buckwheat
Endemic
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 314. Mentioned on page 226, 229, 311.

Subshrubs or herbs, often scapose, much-branched and matted, 2–7 × 5–20 dm, usually tomentose to floccose, rarely glabrous. Stems spreading to erect, with persistent leaf-bases, up to 1/4 height of plant; caudex stems matted; aerial flowering-stems often scapelike, erect to spreading or decumbent, usually stout, solid, not fistulose, 2–6 dm, usually tomentose to floccose, rarely glabrous. Leaves cauline; petiole 2–6 (–10) cm, tomentose; blade oblong to ovate, (1.5–) 2.5–5 × 1.5–4 cm, white-lanate to tawny-tomentose on both surfaces, or tomentose to floccose or glabrous and green adaxially, margins plane, occasionally crisped. Inflorescences capitate to umbellate or cymose, 3–40 × 2–20 cm; branches usually tomentose to floccose, rarely glabrous; bracts usually 3, leaflike, oblong to ovate, and 5–20 × 5–15 mm proximally, scalelike, triangular, and 2–5 mm distally. Peduncles absent. Involucres (3–) 5–20 per cluster, turbinate, 3.5–5 (–6) × 2–4 mm, tomentose or glabrous; teeth 5–6, erect, 0.3–0.6 mm. Flowers 3–3.5 mm; perianth white to pink or rose, glabrous; tepals connate proximal 1/4, monomorphic, obovate; stamens exserted, 3–6 mm; filaments pilose proximally. Achenes brown, 3.5–4 mm, glabrous. 2n = 40.


Phenology: Flowering year-round.
Habitat: Sandy coastal flats, slopes, bluffs, and mesas, coastal scrub and grassland communities
Elevation: 0-80(-200) m

Discussion

Eriogonum latifolium is found along the immediate coast of southwest Oregon (Curry County) and western California (Alameda, Contra Costa, Del Norte, Humboldt, Marin, Mendocino, Monterey, San Francisco, San Luis Obispo, San Mateo, Santa Cruz, and Sonoma counties). The species is rather variable as to size and aspect, these depending to a considerable degree on exposure to on-shore winds. The flowering stems are rarely glabrous, but plants with this expression are always intermixed with plants having tomentose to floccose stems. The brilliantly white-lanate, spreading shrubs become rather globose in shape under cultivation, and as a result make an attractive addition to the garden, especially as the flowers wither through various shades of pink to rose. The species should be used much more than at present in places where cool summer temperatures, good moisture, and sandy soils are available.

A decoction consisting of the roots, leaves, and stems of Eriogonum latifolium was taken by various Native American people along the California coast for colds and coughs (B. R. Bocek 1984; D. E. Moerman 1986). V. K. Chestnut (1902) reported that the native people of Mendocino County, California, used a decoction of the roots for stomach pain, “female complaints,” and sore eyes. The species is the food plant for the bramble hairstreak butterfly (Callophrys viridis), Mormon metalmark (Apodemia mormo), western square-dotted blue (Euphilotes comstocki comstocki), and the federally endangered Smith’s dotted-blue (Euphilotes enoptes smithi).

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Eriogonum latifolium"
included +  and exserted +
3-gonous +
usually red +  and cream or yellow +
oblong +  and ellipsoid or oval +
acute;obtuse or rounded +
James L. Reveal +
Smith in A. Rees +
deciduous +  and persistent +
stipelike +
Undefined subg. Eucycla +
papillate +
awn-tipped +  and simple +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
tomentose +  and floccose or glabrous +
oblong;ovate +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
not awn-tipped +
leaflike +  and semileaflike +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
glandular +, pubescent +  and glabrous +
triangular +, scale-like +, oblong +  and ovate +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
grooved +, branched +  and open +
not brittle +
spreading +  and erect +
glabrous +, usually tomentose +  and floccose +
scabrellous +
ridged +, angled +  and round +
spreading +  and erect +
whorled +, opposite +  and alternate +
Seaside wild buckwheat +
Calif. +  and Oreg. +
0-80(-200) m +
unisexual +, , +  and bisexual +
not attenuate +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
decumbent to erect +  and prostrate +
not fistulose +
slender;stout +
unwinged +  and winged +
black +, red +, brown +  and yellowish +
exserted +  and included +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
spheroidal +, 4-gonous +, lenticular +, biconvex +, discoid +, 3-gonous +  and 2-gonous +
Sandy coastal flats, slopes, bluffs, and mesas, coastal scrub and grassland communities +
reduced +
capitate +  and umbellate or cymose +
capitate +  and subcapitate +
dense +  and diffuse +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br />) +
cymelike +, paniclelike +, racemelike +  and spikelike +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br />) +
connate +  and free +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
glabrous +  and tomentose +
nonmembranous +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
in whorls +, opposite +, alternate +  and rosulate +
persistent +
bractlike +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
crisped +  and plane +
not swollen +
orthotropous +
accrescent +
curved +  and straight +
erect to deflexed +
white;pink or rose +
cylindric +  and urceolate +
accrescent +
fleshy +, indurate +  and membranous +
with extrafloral nectaries +  and not articulate +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
Flowering year-round. +
homostylous +  and 3-carpellate +
in A. Rees, Cycl. +
, +  and solid +
slender;stout +
persistent +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
decumbent to erect +  and prostrate +
spreading +  and erect +
glandular +, pubescent +  and glabrous +
penicillate +, fimbriate +  and capitate +
deciduous +  and persistent +
2-lobed +  and cylindric +
coriaceous +  and membranous +
consisting of a series +  and tubular +
distinct +
erect;spreading or recurved +
spreading;erect +
chambered +  and solid +
slender +  and stout +
Eriogonum latifolium +
Eriogonum subg. Eucycla +
species +
emarginate +  and entire +
0 +  and 1/2 +
obovate +
coriaceous +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br />) +
persistent +
membranous +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
much-branched +  and scapose +
herb +, matted +  and subshrub +
glabrous +, usually tomentose +  and floccose +
synoecious +, monocarpic +, polycarpic +  and , +
3 +, 2 +  and 1 +