Eriogonum parvifolium

Smith in A. Rees

in A. Rees, Cycl. 13(2): Eriogonum no. 2. 1809.

Common names: Seacliff wild buckwheat
Endemic
Synonyms: Eriogonum parvifolium var. crassifolium Bentham Eriogonum parvifolium subsp. lucidum J. T. Howell ex S. Stokes Eriogonum parvifolium var. lucidum (J. T. Howell ex S. Stokes) Reveal Eriogonum parvifolium subsp. paynei C. B. Wolf ex Munz Eriogonum parvifolium var. paynei (C. B. Wolf ex Munz) Reveal
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 300. Mentioned on page 227.

Shrubs, matted to spreading or rounded, 3–10 × 5–20 (–25) dm, thinly tomentose or glabrous, greenish. Stems spreading, sometimes matted, often with persistent leaf-bases, up to 1/2 or more height of plant; caudex stems absent or matted; aerial flowering-stems prostrate, spreading, or erect, slender, solid, not fistulose, 0.2–1 dm, thinly tomentose or glabrous. Leaves cauline, fasciculate, infrequently 1 per node; petiole 0.1–0.7 cm, floccose; blade lanceolate to round, 0.5–3 × 0.3–0.8 (–1.2) cm, lanate to tomentose abaxially, mostly glabrous and olive green to green adaxially. Inflorescences capitate to cymose, 20–30 × 2–10 cm; branches dichotomous, thinly tomentose or glabrous; bracts 3, scalelike, triangular, and 1–2 mm, or leaflike, usually elliptic, and 5–20 × 2–10 mm. Peduncles absent. Involucres 2–7 per cluster, turbinate-campanulate, (2.5–) 3–4 × 2–3.5 mm, floccose to glabrate; teeth 5, erect, 0.5–0.9 mm. Flowers 2.5–3 mm; perianth white to pinkish or greenish yellow, glabrous; tepals connate proximally, monomorphic, obovate; stamens exserted, 2.5–3.5 mm; filaments pilose proximally. Achenes brown, 2.5–3 mm, glabrous. 2n = 40.


Phenology: Flowering year-round.
Habitat: Sandy beaches, dunes, and bluffs or sandy to gravelly inland slopes and flats, coastal grassland and chaparral communities, oak and pine woodlands
Elevation: 0-300 m

Discussion

The native range of Eriogonum parvifolium is restricted to coastal and near-coastal areas (Los Angeles, Monterey, Orange, San Diego, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, and Ventura counties). The coastal expression (var. parvifolium) has thickened leaf blades (0.5–1.5 × 0.3–0.8 cm) and simple or dichotomous inflorescences of compact clusters of involucres containing white to rose flowers. Highly compact and dense mat-forming plants on rocky bluffs immediately next to the ocean were named var. crassifolium; those with yellow flowers were named var. lucidum. The inland form with thin leaf blades (1.5–3 × 0.3–0.8 cm) and highly-branched, cymose, white-flowered inflorescences is perhaps worthy of continued recognition as var. paynei, although there is no sharp distinction between the extremes. Several expressions of the seacliff wild buckwheat are in cultivation, and unfortunately the California Department of Transportation is using the species in roadside plantings, with the result that it is now established in Santa Clara County. Every effort should be made to halt its introduction beyond its native range.

The species is the food plant for two federally endangered butterflies, the El Segundo dotted-blue (Euphilotes battoides allyni), near Los Angeles, and Smith’s dotted-blue (Euphilotes enoptes smithi), near Monterey.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Eriogonum parvifolium"
included +  and exserted +
3-gonous +
usually red +  and cream or yellow +
oblong +  and ellipsoid or oval +
acute;obtuse or rounded +
James L. Reveal +
Smith in A. Rees +
deciduous +  and persistent +
stipelike +
Undefined subg. Eucycla +
papillate +
awn-tipped +  and simple +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
olive green +  and green +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
glabrous +, lanate +  and tomentose abaxially +
lanceolate;round +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
not awn-tipped +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
glandular +, pubescent +  and glabrous +
triangular +  and scale-like +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
not brittle +
spreading +  and erect +
glabrous +  and tomentose +
scabrellous +
ridged +, angled +  and round +
spreading +  and erect +
whorled +, opposite +  and alternate +
Seacliff wild buckwheat +
0-300 m +
unisexual +, , +  and bisexual +
not attenuate +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
decumbent to erect +  and prostrate +
not fistulose +
unwinged +  and winged +
black +, red +, brown +  and yellowish +
exserted +  and included +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
spheroidal +, 4-gonous +, lenticular +, biconvex +, discoid +, 3-gonous +  and 2-gonous +
Sandy beaches, dunes, and bluffs or sandy to gravelly inland slopes and flats, coastal grassland and chaparral communities, oak and pine woodlands +
reduced +
capitate +  and cymose +
capitate +  and subcapitate +
dense +  and diffuse +
20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
cymelike +, paniclelike +, racemelike +  and spikelike +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
connate +  and free +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
floccose +  and glabrate +
turbinate-campanulate +
nonmembranous +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
in whorls +, opposite +, alternate +  and rosulate +
persistent +
bractlike +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
lobed +, undulate +, crisped +, crenulate +  and entire +
not swollen +
orthotropous +
accrescent +
curved +  and straight +
erect to deflexed +
white;pinkish or greenish yellow +
cylindric +  and urceolate +
accrescent +
fleshy +, indurate +  and membranous +
with extrafloral nectaries +  and not articulate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
Flowering year-round. +
homostylous +  and 3-carpellate +
in A. Rees, Cycl. +
, +  and solid +
slender;stout +
persistent +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
decumbent to erect +  and prostrate +
glandular +, pubescent +  and glabrous +
penicillate +, fimbriate +  and capitate +
deciduous +  and persistent +
2-lobed +  and cylindric +
coriaceous +  and membranous +
consisting of a series +  and tubular +
distinct +
erect;spreading or recurved +
spreading;erect +
Eriogonum parvifolium var. crassifolium +, Eriogonum parvifolium subsp. lucidum +, Eriogonum parvifolium var. lucidum +, Eriogonum parvifolium subsp. paynei +  and Eriogonum parvifolium var. paynei +
chambered +  and solid +
slender +  and stout +
Eriogonum parvifolium +
Eriogonum subg. Eucycla +
species +
emarginate +  and entire +
0 +  and 1/2 +
obovate +
coriaceous +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br />) +
persistent +
membranous +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
plant +, shrub +  and matted +
glabrous +  and tomentose +
synoecious +, monocarpic +, polycarpic +  and , +
3 +, 2 +  and 1 +