Koenigia islandica

Linnaeus

Mant. Pl. 1: 35. 1767.

,

Syst. Nat. ed. 12, 2: 71, 104. 1767.

Common names: Island koenigia koenigia d’Islande
Illustrated
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 601.

Plants (0.5–) 1–8 (–20) cm. Stems often reddish, branched or simple, rooting adventitiously from proximal nodes. Leaves: ocrea brownish, broadly funnelform, 1–1.5 mm, margins oblique; petiole (0.1–) 2–10 mm; blade 1–6.5 × 1–5 mm, base tapering to truncate, apex obtuse to acute, glabrous. Pedicels 0.1–1.5 mm or absent. Flowers: perianth 0.9–1.8 mm; tepals ovate to elliptic, margins entire, apex obtuse; stamens ca. 1/2 as long as tepals. Achenes 1–1.8 × 0.7–0.8 mm, dull. 2n = 14 (Mongolia, Norway), 28.


Phenology: Flowering Jul–Aug, fruiting Aug–Sep.
Habitat: Arctic tundra and alpine meadows with permanently moist gravel, especially around persistent snow patches near streams, ponds, and lakes
Elevation: 0-4400 m

Distribution

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Greenland, Alta., B.C., Man., Nfld. and Labr. (Labr.), N.W.T., Nunavut, Ont., Que., Yukon, Alaska, Colo., Mont., Utah, Wyo., s South America (Argentina), s South America (Chile), n Europe, c, e Asia

Discussion

Koenigia islandica is among the smallest of terrestrial flowering plants and one of few annual species in arctic and alpine floras. Some other species exhibit a similar bipolar distribution (e.g., Anemone multifida Poiret, Osmorhiza chilensis Hooker & Arnott, and Carex macloviana D’Urville).

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"/2" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Koenigia islandica"
brown;black +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> - 0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br /> +
exserted +  and included +
3-gonous +  and 2-gonous +
0.7mm;0.8mm +
yellowish +  and white +
ovate +  and elliptic +
obtuse;obtuse;acute +
John G. Packer +  and Craig C. Freeman +
Linnaeus +
tapering +  and truncate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> - 0.65 cm6.5 mm <br />0.0065 m <br /> +
spatulate-ovate;orbiculate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> - 0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> +
foliaceous +  and perfoliate +
scale-like +
just below the soil surface or and above the soil surface +  and spreading +
Island koenigia +  and koenigia d’Islande +
Greenland +, Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, Nfld. and Labr. - Labr. +, N.W.T. +, Nunavut +, Ont. +, Que. +, Yukon +, Alaska +, Colo. +, Mont. +, Utah +, Wyo. +, s South America - Argentina +, s South America - Chile +, n Europe +, c +  and e Asia +
0-4400 m +
free +  and distinct +
disarticulating +  and solid +
decumbent to erect +  and prostrate +
unwinged +  and winged +
black +, red +, brown +  and yellowish +
exserted +  and included +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
spheroidal +, 4-gonous +, lenticular +, biconvex +, discoid +, 3-gonous +  and 2-gonous +
Arctic tundra and alpine meadows with permanently moist gravel, especially around persistent snow patches near streams, ponds, and lakes +
cymelike +  and paniclelike +
nonmembranous +
subopposite +  and alternate +
deciduous +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
lobed +, undulate +, crisped +, crenulate +  and entire +
swollen +
partly +  and foliaceous +
persistent +
cylindric +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> - 0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> +
coriaceous +  and membranous +
anatropous +, , +  and orthotropous +
accrescent +
0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br /> - 0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> +
spreading;erect +
pink;tinged white;greenish +
occasionally +  and glabrous +
campanulate +
nonaccrescent +
0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br /> - 0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br /> +
fleshy +, indurate +  and membranous +
0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br /> - 0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> - 1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> +
Flowering Jul–Aug, fruiting Aug–Sep. +
- 2-3 - -4-carpellate +
Mant. Pl. +  and Syst. Nat. ed. +
slender;stout +
Illustrated +
rooting +, simple +  and branched +
erect +, ascending +  and decumbent +
penicillate +, fimbriate +  and capitate +
deciduous +  and persistent +
2-lobed +  and cylindric +
coriaceous +  and membranous +
distinct +
spreading;erect +
Koenigia islandica +
Koenigia +
species +
monomorphic +  and sepaloid +
distinct +
ovate +  and elliptic +
coriaceous +
persistent +
membranous +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> - 20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br /> +