Mirabilis melanotricha

(Standley) Spellenberg

Phytologia 85: 99. 1999.

Common names: Mountain four-o’clock
Illustrated
Basionym: Allionia melanotricha Standley Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 12: 351. 1909
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 52. Mentioned on page 42, 53, 5.

Stems erect or strongly ascending, leafy mostly in proximal 2/3 of plant, openly forked distally, 5–12 dm, pubescent basally with minute curved hairs in 2 lines, spreading glandular-pilose distally. Leaves ascending at 10–60°, progressively reduced toward infloresence; petiole 0.8–3 cm; blade bright green, narrowly triangular-ovate to ovate, 3–10 × 0.8–4 cm, ± thin, base acute, obtuse, truncate, or cordate, apex acute to attenuate, or obtuse, often rounded at tip, surfaces glabrous or rarely puberulent. Inflorescences axillary and terminal, few branched, ± evenly forked and open; peduncle 2–9 mm, spreading glandular-villous, crosswalls of hairs dark purple or black; involucres blushed with dark violet or black, at least in median region, widely bell-shaped, 3–6 mm in flower, 4–7 mm in fruit, spreading viscid-villous, 40–50% connate, lobes oblong to ovate, apex broadly acute. Flowers 3 per involucre; perianth bright purple-pink, 0.9–1.2 cm. Fruits dark grayish to blackish brown, sometimes dark, dull, reddish-brown, narrowly obovoid, 3–4 mm, spreading-pilose, hairs often apearing loosely shaggy and somewhat tufted, (0.1–) 0.2–0.3 mm; ribs ± same color as sulci, low and round, 0.7–1 times width of sulci, 0.5 times as wide as high, slightly rugose or warty; sulci almost smooth to slightly rugose or with very low tubercules.


Phenology: Flowering mid summer–early fall.
Habitat: Conifer woodlands, mountain meadows, roadsides
Elevation: 1900-3000 m

Distribution

V4 99-distribution-map.gif

Ariz., Colo., N.Mex., Tex., Mexico

Discussion

The erect habit, bright green and usually glabrous foliage, and dark involucres of Mirabilis melanotricha are distinctive in combination. Once collected and pressed, M. melanotricha becomes yet another “difficult” Mirabilis. In 1911, P. C. Standley noted that this species (as Allionia melanotricha) was one of the most variable in the genus, and in 1918 he submerged it in A. comata, which in the field is a grayish green, clump-forming, glandular-pubescent plant with decumbent-ascending stems. Mirabilis melanotricha occurs in more mesic situations mostly at elevations above M. comata (here in synonymy in M. albida). It intergrades into M. linearis along its northern edge and lower elevations in New Mexico through M. linearis var. decipiens (Standley) S. L. Welsh. In the northeastern portion of its range, it may intergrade with M. nyctaginea; fruits in that region sometimes are slightly more reddish and more tuberculate than usual. Along the eastern portion of its range, it also intergrades into M. albida, as plants become more pubescent and fleshy. B. L. Turner (1993b) noted that M. comata (apparently in the sense of its common usage, as applied to plants here classified as M. melanotricha) might remain distinct from his concept of M. albida, which included C. F. Reed’s (1969) comprehensive M. oblongifolia.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

No values specified."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Mirabilis melanotricha"
acute;rounded;acute;attenuate or obtuse +
Richard W. Spellenberg +
(Standley) Spellenberg +
glutinous +
cordate +, truncate +, obtuse +  and acute +
constricted +
woody +, leathery +  and fleshy +
Allionia melanotricha +
bright green +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
narrowly triangular-ovate;ovate +
persistent +
distinct +, , +  and connate +
corollalike +  and petaloid +
Mountain four-o’clock +
black +  and dark purple +
branched +, congested +  and open +
subsessile +  and sessile +
Ariz. +, Colo. +, N.Mex. +, Tex. +  and Mexico +
1900-3000 m +
curved +  and straight +
inconspicuous +  and showy +
cleistogamous +, chasmogamous +  and bisexual +
reddish-brown +, dark +, dark grayish +  and blackish brown +
spreading-pilose +
obovoid +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Conifer woodlands, mountain meadows, roadsides +
0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br /> (0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br />) +
minute +
0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br /> (0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br />) +
open +  and branched +
, +  and blushed with dark violet or blushed with black +
viscid-villous +
bell--shaped +
accrescent +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
herbaceous;papery +
sessile +  and petiolate +
reduced +
5-lobed +
oblong +  and ovate +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
entire +  and crisped +
glandular-villous +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
bright purple-pink +
chasmogamous +  and cleistogamous +
5-lobed +  and flared +
constricted +
0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
Flowering mid summer–early fall. +
not evident +  and defined +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
tuberculate +  and smooth +
globose +, ellipsoid +, obovoid +  and round +
coriaceous +
0.7-1 times width of sulci +
0.5 times as wide as high slightly rugose or warty +
thick +  and thin +
cordlike +  and cylindric +
membranaceous +
ribbed +, 10-ribbed +  and 5-ribbed +
pubescent +, glabrous +  and warty +
wrinkled +
Illustrated +
spreading +, ascending +  and erect +
glandular-pilose +  and pubescent +
fusiform +  and linear +
filiform +
with very low tubercules +, smooth +  and slightly rugose +
mucilaginous +
puberulent +  and glabrous +
slightly rugose +  and prominently tuberculate +
ropelike +  and swollen +
Mirabilis melanotricha +
Mirabilis sect. Oxybaphus +
species +
gland-tipped +
expanded +
pubescent +  and glabrous +