Polygonum marinense

T. R. Mertens & P. H. Raven

Madroño 18: 87. 1965.

Common names: Marin knotweed
IllustratedEndemicConservation concern
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 552. Mentioned on page 548, 550, 553.

Plants often reddish tinged, heterophyllous, subsucculent. Stems prostrate to ascending, branching from base, not wiry, 15–40 cm. Leaves: ocrea 4–6 mm, proximal part funnelform, distal part silvery hyaline, soon disintegrating, leaving almost no fibrous remains; petiole 2–5 mm; blade often reddish tinged, elliptic to obovate or oblanceolate; 20–35 × 9–16 mm, margins flat, apex rounded; stem-leaves (1.3–) 2–2.6 (–3.5) times as long as branch leaves; distal leaves overtopping flowers in distal part of inflorescence. Inflorescences axillary; cymes in most leaf-axils, 1–4-flowered. Pedicels mostly exserted from ocreae, 2–4 mm. Flowers semi-open; perianth 3–3.5 (–4) mm; tube 18–25% of perianth length; tepals overlapping, green, margins white or pink, petaloid, not keeled, broadly rounded, cucullate; midveins unbranched; stamens 8. Achenes exserted from perianth, brown, ovate, 3-gonous, 2.8–3.4 (–4) mm, faces subequal or evidently unequal, apex not beaked, edges straight, shiny, minutely roughened; late-season achenes uncommon, 4.5–5 mm. 2n = 60.


Phenology: Flowering Apr–Oct.
Habitat: Coastal salt and brackish marshes, swamps
Elevation: 0-10 m

Discussion

Of conservation concern.

The origin and taxonomic affinities of Polygonum marinense are uncertain. T. R. Mertens and P. H. Raven (1965) suggested a relationship with P. oxyspermum C. A. Meyer & Bunge or the Mediterranean P. robertii Loiseleur-Deslongchamps. Polygonum marinense may be confused with P. ramosissimum. It can be distinguished by its subsucculent texture, funnelform ocreae, leaves rounded at the apices, and semi-open flowers. Marin knotweed is known from fewer than 15 locations in Marin, Napa, Solano, and Sonoma counties; it is threatened by coastal development.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"/2" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Polygonum marinense"
0.34 cm3.4 mm <br />0.0034 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
exserted +  and included +
dull +  and shiny +
smooth;roughened +
3-gonous +  and ovate +
whitish yellow +
elliptic +  and oblong +
rounded +
Mihai Costea +, François J. Tardif +  and Harold R. Hinds† +
T. R. Mertens & P. H. Raven +
not stipelike +
reddish tinged +
elliptic;obovate or oblanceolate +
coriaceous +
foliaceous +  and perfoliate +
scale-like +
just below the soil surface or and above the soil surface +  and spreading +
Marin knotweed +
1-4-flowered +
silvery hyaline +
straight +
0-10 m +
unequal +  and subequal +
adnate +, free +  and distinct +
disarticulating +  and solid +
decumbent to erect +  and prostrate +
unwinged +  and winged +
black +, red +, brown +  and yellowish +
exserted +  and included +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
spheroidal +, 4-gonous +, lenticular +, biconvex +, discoid +, 3-gonous +  and 2-gonous +
Coastal salt and brackish marshes, swamps +
compound +, branched +  and simple +
nonmembranous +
0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
sessile +  and petiolate +
deciduous +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br />) +
0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> (1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br />) +
pink +  and white +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
cucullate +, rounded +  and not keeled +
swollen +
silvery +, white +  and hyaline +
disintegrating +
deciduous +  and persistent +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
coriaceous +  and membranous +
somewhat larger +
anatropous +, , +  and orthotropous +
erect;spreading +
accrescent +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
spreading;erect +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
greenish white;pink +
campanulate +  and urceolate +
nonaccrescent +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
fleshy +, indurate +  and membranous +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Flowering Apr–Oct. +
(2-)3(-4)-carpellate +
slender;stout +
woody +  and fibrous +
Illustrated +, Endemic +  and Conservation concern +
(1.3-)2-2.6(-3.5) times as long as branch leaves +
not wiry +  and branching +
straight +
prostrate +  and ascending +
papillous-scabridulous +
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br />) +
2 +  and 3 +
penicillate +, fimbriate +  and capitate +
deciduous +  and persistent +
2-lobed +  and cylindric +
coriaceous +  and membranous +
connate +  and distinct +
spreading;erect +
Polygonum marinense +
Polygonum sect. Polygonum +
species +
overlapping +
connate +  and distinct +
lobed +  and laciniate +
coriaceous +
persistent +
membranous +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
not cushionlike +