familyCyperaceae
genusRhynchospora
speciesRhynchospora cephalantha

Rhynchospora cephalantha

A. Gray

Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 3: 218. 1835.

Robert Kral
IllustratedEndemic
Synonyms: Rhynchospora cephalantha var. attenuata Gale Rhynchospora cephalantha var. pleiocephala Fernald & Gale
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 212. Mentioned on page 202, 213.
Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator:

Copyright:

Plants perennial, cespitose, 40–100 (–150) cm; rhizomes absent. Culms arching, leafy, obscurely and convexly trigonous, multiribbed, slender to stoutish. Principal leaves overtopped by culm; blades linear, flat proximally, 1.5–3 mm wide, apex tapering, trigonous. Inflorescences: spikelet clusters 3–several, widely spaced, often equidistant, mostly hemispheric to globose, occasionally lobed, 1–2 cm thick; bracteal leaves much exceeding subtended inflorescence. Spikelets dark redbrown to dark-brown, lanceellipsoid to ellipsoid, 4–5 (–6) mm, apex acute; fertile scales elliptic, 3–3.5 (–4.5) mm, apex acute, midribs 3, laterals indistinct. Flowers: perianth bristles 6, reaching tubercle tip, retrorsely (rarely antrorsely) barbellate. Fruits 1 (–2) per spikelet, 3.5–4 (–4.2) mm; body brown with pale center, obovoid distal to stipe, lenticular, 2–2.3 × 1–1.5 (–2) mm; tubercle triangularsubulate, (1–) 1.5–2 mm, at least 0.5 mm wide at base.


Phenology: Fruiting summer–fall.
Habitat: Sandy silts, sands, and peats of shores, boggy streams, seeps, savannas, and savanna bogs
Elevation: 0–200 m

Distribution

V23 365-distribution-map.jpg

Ala., Del., Fla., Ga., La., Md., Miss., N.J., N.Y., N.C., S.C., Tex., Va.

Discussion

North American plants referred to Rhynchospora axillaris (Lamarck) Britton [Phaeocephala axillare (Lamarck) House by N. L. Britton and A. Brown (1913) and J. K. Small (1933)] are actually R. cephalantha. A photograph of the type specimen of Schoenus axillaris Lamarck (from P) reveals what appears to be an immature top of S. glomeratus [R. glomerata (Linnaeus) Vahl].

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"shortened" is not a number."wider" is not a number.

... more about "Rhynchospora cephalantha"
RDF feed
Anther fixation
basifixed +
Apex shape
acute;acute;trigonous;tapering +
Author
Robert Kral +
Authority
A. Gray +
Base position relational
topping +
Base shape
2-lobed +  and lunate +
Blade arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Blade presence
absent +
Blade prominence or shape
flat +
Blade relief
scabridulous +  and scabrid +
Blade shape
v--shaped +
Blade width
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Body architecture
cancellate +
Body architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Body atypical width
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
Body coloration
brown +
Body length
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.23 cm2.3 mm <br />0.0023 m <br />) +
Body position or shape
distal +
Body reflectance
lustrous +
Body relief
warty +, papillate +, alveolate +  and pitted +
Body shape
lenticular +  and obovoid +
Body variability
various +
Body width
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
Bract architecture
glumaceous +  and foliaceous +
Bract arrangement
2-ranked +  and arranged +
Bract orientation
ascending +  and appressed +
Bract quantity
1;many +
Branch arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Branch atypical quantity
2 (3) +
Branch quantity
2 +
Bristle atypical quantity
12;20 +
Bristle quantity
2;12 +
Buttress width
narrower +
Cauline leaf architecture or shape
folded +
Cauline leaf arrangement
parallel +  and divergent +
Cauline leaf arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Cauline leaf orientation
Ascending (?) +
Cauline leaf prominence or shape
flat +
Cauline leaf shape
terete +, rolled +  and plicate +
Center coloration
pale +
Culm architecture
multiribbed +  and leafy +
Culm fragility
stoutish +
Culm fragility or size
stout +
Culm growth form
procumbent +
Culm orientation
arching +
Culm shape
trigonous +
Culm size
slender +
Distal scale architecture
empty +
Distribution
Ala. +, Del. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, La. +, Md. +, Miss. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, S.C. +, Tex. +  and Va. +
Elevation
0–200 m +
Embryo position
basal +
Endosperm quantity
abundant +
Flower architecture
staminate +
Flower position
distalmost +
Flower quantity
single +
Flower reproduction
bisexual +
Fruit atypical quantity
1 (2) +
Fruit atypical some measurement
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.42 cm4.2 mm <br />0.0042 m <br />) +
Fruit quantity
1 +
Fruit some measurement
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Fruits achene architecture or arrangement
compact +
Fruits achene position or shape
distal +
Fruits achene shape
biconvex +  and trigonous +
Habitat
Sandy silts, sands, and peats of shores, boggy streams, seeps, savannas, and savanna bogs +
Illustration
Present +
Inflorescence architecture
anthelate +
Inflorescence architecture or shape
capitate +
Inflorescence arrangement
racemose +, corymbose +  and paniculate +
Inflorescence position
pseudolateral +
Inflorescence position or structure subtype
terminal +
Inflorescences panicle architecture
pseudoumbel +
Inflorescences panicle development
modified +
Involucral-bract architecture or shape
leaflike +
Involucral-bract orientation
erect +, rarely +  and spreading +
Involucral-bract position
proximal +
Involucral-bract quantity
1;6 +
Lateral prominence
indistinct +
Leaf arrangement
3-ranked +  and polystichous +
Leaf position
cauline +  and basal +
Ligule presence
absent +
Locule quantity
1 +
Margin fusion
fused +
Margin shape
keeled;terete;keeled;terete +
Margin shape or vernation
revolute +  and involute +
Midrib quantity
3 (?) +
Neck shape
decurrent +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Perianth architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Perianth architecture or shape
plumed +  and barbed +
Perianth bristle architecture
barbellate +
Perianth bristle quantity
6 +
Perianth duration
deciduous +  and persistent +
Perianth height or length or size
shorter +
Perianth length or size
shorter or longer +
Perianth life cycle
falling +
Perianth presence
absent +
Perianth quantity
of 2-12(-20) bristles +
Pericarp width
thin +
Phenology
Fruiting summer–fall. +
Pistil architecture
2-3(-4)-carpellate +
Pistil fusion
fused +
Pistil quantity
1 +
Prophyll architecture
pistillate +
Prophyll atypical quantity
0 (3) +
Prophyll position
subtending +
Prophyll quantity
3 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
Publication title
Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York +
Publication year
1835 +
Receptacle shape
dilated +
Reference
None +
Rhizome presence
absent +
Root derivation
adventitious +
Root texture
fibrous +
Scale architecture
empty +
Scale arrangement
arranged +
Scale arrangement or shape
elliptic +
Scale atypical quantity
6 (30) +
Scale atypical some measurement
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
Scale position
basal +  and proximal +
Scale quantity
3;6 +
Scale reproduction
fertile +
Scale shape
2-keeled +
Scale some measurement
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
Seed quantity
1 +
Sheath architecture
open +
Sheath pubescence
glabrous +
Sheath shape
cylindric +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V23/V23 365.xml +
Special status
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
Spike quantity
single +
Spikelet arrangement
equidistant +, spaced +  and cluster +
Spikelet atypical some measurement
5mm;6mm +
Spikelet coloration
dark redbrown +  and dark-brown +
Spikelet quantity
3 +  and several +
Spikelet shape
ellipsoid;lobed;mostly hemispheric;globose +
Spikelet some measurement
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Spikelet thickness
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
Stamen atypical quantity
1 (3) +
Stamen fusion
distinct +
Stamen quantity
2 +  and 3 +
Stem architecture
septate +, hollow +  and solid +
Stem shape
compressed +, terete +  and trigonous +
Stigma relief
papillate +
Stigmatic arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Stigmatic atypical quantity
2 (3) +
Stigmatic quantity
2 +
Style architecture or shape
undivided +
Style base architecture
articulate +
Style base duration
persistent +
Style base fusion
distinct +
Style base size
enlarged +
Style shape
cleft +, 2-fid +  and undivided +
Suture dehiscence or orientation
transverse +
Suture size or width
narrow +
Synonyms
Rhynchospora cephalantha var. attenuata +  and Rhynchospora cephalantha var. pleiocephala +
Taxon family
Cyperaceae +
Taxon name
Rhynchospora cephalantha +
Taxon parent
Rhynchospora +
Taxon rank
species +
Testa fusion
free +
Testa width
thin +
Tubercle architecture
sulcate +  and 2-edged +
Tubercle atypical some measurement
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
Tubercle shape
flattened +, terete +, triangular +  and conic +
Tubercle some measurement
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
Tubercle width
0.5 +
Volume
Volume 23 +
Whole organism architecture
scaly-rhizomatous +
Whole organism atypical some measurement
100 cm1,000 mm <br />1 m <br /> (150 cm1,500 mm <br />1.5 m <br />) +
Whole organism duration
perennial +
Whole organism growth form
plant +  and cespitose +
Whole organism some measurement
40cm (100cm) +
X chromosome quantity
5;100 +