Rumex violascens

Rechinger f.

Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 39: 171. 1936.

Common names: Violet dock
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 528. Mentioned on page 495, 497, 529.

Plants annual or biennial, sometimes short-lived perennial, glabrous, with fusiform, vertical or oblique rootstock. Stems erect, branched above middle, 25–75 cm. Leaves: ocrea deciduous or partially persistent at maturity; blade oblong-lanceolate to obovate-elliptic, 6–12 (–15) × (2–) 3–4 (–5) cm, less than 4 times as long as wide, not coriaceous, occasionally subcoriaceous, base broadly cuneate or rounded, occasionally truncate, margins entire, flat or, rarely, weakly undulate, apex obtuse, rarely subacute. Inflorescences terminal, occupying distal 1/2 of stem, usually lax, interrupted, broadly paniculate; branches usually distinctly arcuate and flexuous. Pedicels articulated in proximal 1/3, filiform, 3–8 mm, articulation distinctly swollen. Flowers 10–20 in rather dense remote whorls; inner tepals deltoid or triangular-deltoid, 2.5–3.7 (–4) × 2–2.8 (–3) mm (excluding teeth), ca. 1.5 times as long as wide, base truncate, margins dentate or rarely subentire, apex acute to subacute, teeth 2–3, normally at each side of margins, triangular, 0.2–0.5 mm; tubercles 3, unequal or, occasionally, subequal, normally less than 2 times as wide as inner tepals. Achenes brown or reddish-brown, 1.8–2.3 × 1.2–1.5 mm. 2n = 20.


Phenology: Flowering late spring–summer.
Habitat: Wet habitats along streams, river valleys
Elevation: 0-500 m

Distribution

V5 1082-distribution-map.gif

Ariz., Calif., Mass., N.Mex., Tex., n Mexico

Discussion

The name Rumex berlandieri was misapplied to this species by some botanists who followed W. D. Trelease (1892).

This native species is poorly known taxonomically; it probably is distantly related to Rumex obovatus and R. paraguayensis. Rumex flexicaulis Rechinger f., a species possibly conspecific with R. violascens, occurs in Mexico.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"/2" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Rumex violascens"
unwinged +  and weakly winged +
reddish-brown;brown +
0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br /> (0.23 cm2.3 mm <br />0.0023 m <br />) +
pyramidal +, compressed-3-gonous +  and 3-gonous +
1.2mm;1.5mm +
yellow +  and brownish yellow +
ovate +  and elongate +
acute;subacute +
Sergei L. Mosyakin +
Rechinger f. +
not articulated +
rounded +  and cuneate +
12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
oblong-lanceolate;obovate-elliptic +
subcoriaceous +  and not coriaceous +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
foliaceous +  and perfoliate +
scale-like +
tuberculate +
just below the soil surface or and above the soil surface +  and spreading +
Violet dock +
Ariz. +, Calif. +, Mass. +, N.Mex. +, Tex. +  and n Mexico +
0-500 m +
free +  and distinct +
unisexual +, bisexual +  and , +
disarticulating +  and solid +
decumbent to erect +  and prostrate +
unwinged +  and winged +
black +, red +, brown +  and yellowish +
exserted +  and included +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
spheroidal +, 4-gonous +, lenticular +, biconvex +, discoid +, 3-gonous +  and 2-gonous +
Wet habitats along streams, river valleys +
0.37 cm3.7 mm <br />0.0037 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
0.28 cm2.8 mm <br />0.0028 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.37 cm3.7 mm <br />0.0037 m <br />) +
always distinctly wider and longer +
triangular-deltoid +  and deltoid +
2mm +  and 2.8mm +
nonmembranous +
deciduous +
cauline +  and basal +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
subentire +, dentate +  and undulate +
smaller +
narrower +
swollen +
partly +  and foliaceous +
persistent +  and deciduous +
cylindric +
membranous +
anatropous +, , +  and orthotropous +
accrescent +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
spreading;erect +
red;pinkish;red;pinkish;green +
campanulate +
accrescent +
fleshy +, indurate +  and membranous +
Flowering late spring–summer. +
(2-)3(-4)-carpellate +
Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. +
slender;stout +
oblique +  and vertical +
papillose-pubescent +  and glabrous +
25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br /> (75 cm750 mm <br />0.75 m <br />) +
plumose +  and fimbriate +
deciduous +  and persistent +
2-lobed +  and cylindric +
coriaceous +  and membranous +
distinct +
reflexed;spreading +
spreading;erect +
Rumex sect. Simplices +
Rumex violascens +
Rumex sect. Rumex +
species +
lobed +  and laciniate +
coriaceous +
triangular +
0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
persistent +
membranous +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
subequal +, , +  and unequal +
0-2 times as wide as inner tepals +
stoloniferous +  and rhizomatous +
perennial +, short-lived +, biennial +  and annual +
10 +, 9 +, 8 +  and 7 +