familyCyperaceae
genusSchoenoplectus
sectionSchoenoplectus sect. Schoenoplectus
speciesSchoenoplectus acutus
varietySchoenoplectus acutus var. occidentalis

Schoenoplectus acutus var. occidentalis

(S. Watson) S. G. Smith

Novon 5: 97. 1995.

S. Galen Smith
Common names: Common tule
Illustrated
Basionym: Scirpus lacustris var. occidentalis S. Watson Bot. California 2: 218. 1880
Synonyms: Scirpus acutus var. occidentalis (S. Watson) Beetle Scirpus rubiginosus Beetle
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 49. Mentioned on page 48.
Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator: Susan A. Reznicek Elizabeth Zimmerman

Copyright: Flora of North America Association

Culms dark to light green, 1–4 m × 4–12 mm, firm to soft, larger air cavities in distal 1/4, 1–2.5 mm wide. Leaves: sheath fronts mostly delicately pinnate-fibrillose. Inflorescences to 3 times branched, branches sometimes flexible and drooping. Spikelets 4–190, 6–24 × 4 mm. Flowers: perianth bristles (4–) 6 (–8), equaling to less than 1/2 achene body, rarely rudimentary; styles from 2-fid with few 3-fid at spikelet apex to mostly (or all) 3-fid. Achenes planoconvex or compressed obtusely trigonous.


Phenology: Fruiting (spring–)summer(–fall).
Habitat: Fresh, often calcareous to brackish marshes, fens, lakes, slow streams, often emergent in water to 1.5 m
Elevation: 0–2100 m

Distribution

V23 67-distribution-map.jpg

B.C., Ariz., Calif., Colo., Idaho, Mont., Nev., N.Mex., Oreg., Tex., Utah, Wash., Wyo., n Mexico

Discussion

Schoenoplectus acutus var. occidentalis forms sterile hybrids with S. californicus in California (S. G. Smith 1995; see 1. S. tabernaemontani).

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"shortened" is not a number."prolonged" is not a number.

... more about "Schoenoplectus acutus var. occidentalis"
RDF feed
Abaxial surface pubescence or relief
scabrous +
Achene architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Achene atypical quantity
1.5 (2) +
Achene body architecture or shape
spinulose +
Achene body height or length or size
shorter +
Achene body prominence
rudimentary +
Achene body quantity
0 (1/2) +
Achene body variability
equaling +
Achene coloration
dark +
Achene position relational
exceeding +
Achene quantity
2 (3) +
Achene relief
with transverse wavy ridges +  and rugose +
Achene shape
trigonous;compressed;planoconvex +
Achene some measurement
1.2mm;1.7mm +
Anther fixation
basifixed +
Anther some measurement
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (?) +
Apex architecture or shape
awned +
Apex shape
acute;obtuse +
Author
S. Galen Smith +
Authority
(S. Watson) S. G. Smith +
Awn some measurement
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
Base duration
deciduous +
Base size
enlarged +
Basionyms
Scirpus lacustris var. occidentalis +
Beak some measurement
0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br /> (0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br />) +
Blade development
developed +
Blade height or length or size
usually much shorter +
Blade presence
absent +
Blade prominence
rudimentary +
Blade quantity
1 +  and 2 +
Blade shape
c-shaped +  and dorsiventrally flat +
Bract architecture
glumaceous +  and foliaceous +
Bract arrangement
2-ranked +  and arranged +
Bract orientation
ascending +  and appressed +
Bract quantity
1;many +
Branch atypical quantity
3 (4) +
Branch quantity
2;3 +
Bristle atypical quantity
6;8 +
Bristle quantity
0;6 +
Cauline leaf architecture or shape
folded +
Cauline leaf arrangement
parallel +  and divergent +
Cauline leaf arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Cauline leaf orientation
Ascending (?) +
Cauline leaf prominence or shape
flat +
Cauline leaf shape
terete +, rolled +  and plicate +
Cavity width
1mm;2.5mm +
Common name
Common tule +
Cross-section architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Cross-section pubescence or texture
soft +
Cross-section shape
dorsiventrally flat +  and c-shaped or laterally compressed +
Culm architecture or arrangement or growth form
not +  and solitary +
Culm architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Culm coloration
dark +  and light green +
Culm diameter
2mm +  and 10mm +
Culm length
100 cm1,000 mm <br />1 m <br /> (400 cm4,000 mm <br />4 m <br />) +
Culm pubescence
glabrous +
Culm shape
cylindric +
Culm size
larger +
Culm texture
firm;soft +
Culm width
4mm;12mm +
Distal blade length
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
Distal blade width
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
Distal scale architecture
empty +
Distribution
B.C. +, Ariz. +, Calif. +, Colo. +, Idaho +, Mont. +, Nev. +, N.Mex. +, Oreg. +, Tex. +, Utah +, Wash. +, Wyo. +  and n Mexico +
Elevation
0–2100 m +
Embryo position
basal +
Endosperm quantity
abundant +
Flank architecture
veinless +
Flower architecture
amphicarpic +
Flower position
hypogynous +  and subtending +
Flower presence
absent +
Flower quantity
single +
Flower reproduction
bisexual +
Front architecture or dehiscence
splitting +
Front coloration or reflectance
membranous-translucent +
Fruits achene shape
biconvex +  and trigonous +
Habitat
Fresh, often calcareous to brackish marshes, fens, lakes, slow streams, often emergent in water to 1.5 m +
Hair arrangement or shape
contorted +
Hair length or size
long +
Hair pubescence or texture
soft +
Hair shape
blunt +
Illustration
Present +
Illustration copyright
Flora of North America Association +
Illustrator
Susan A. Reznicek Elizabeth Zimmerman +
Inflorescence architecture or shape
capitate +
Inflorescence arrangement
paniculate +
Inflorescence orientation
drooping +
Inflorescence position or structure subtype
terminal +
Inflorescence size or quantity
0-3 times branched branches sometimes flexible +
Inflorescences panicle architecture
pseudoumbel +
Inflorescences panicle development
modified +
Involucral-bract architecture or shape
leaflike +
Involucral-bract quantity
1;5 +
Leaf arrangement
multi-ranked +, 2-ranked +, 3-ranked +  and alternate +
Leaf atypical quantity
1 (2) +
Leaf position
cauline +  and basal +
Leaf quantity
3 (4) +
Ligule pubescence
glabrous +
Ligule texture
membranous +
Locule quantity
1 +
Margin architecture or pubescence or shape
ciliate +
Margin architecture or shape
spinulose +
Margin fusion
fused +
Margin pubescence or relief
scabrous +
Margin relief
scabridulous +
Midrib architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Midrib coloration
green +
Notch depth
deep +
Notch some measurement
0.3mm;0.5mm +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Orifice shape
v--shaped +
Perianth architecture or shape
spinulose +
Perianth bristle atypical quantity
6 (8) +
Perianth bristle prominence
rudimentary +
Perianth bristle quantity
6 +
Perianth bristle variability
equaling +
Perianth character or shape
straplike +
Perianth course
curved +  and straight +
Perianth height or length or size
shorter +
Perianth life cycle
falling +
Perianth member architecture
bristlelike +
Perianth member atypical quantity
6 (8) +
Perianth member coloration
brown +
Perianth member quantity
6 +
Perianth presence
absent +
Perianth quantity
with (1-)3-6(-30) bristles and/or scales +
Perianth shape
fringed +
Pericarp width
thin +
Phenology
Fruiting (spring–)summer(–fall). +
Pistil architecture
2-3(-4)-carpellate +
Pistil fusion
fused +
Pistil quantity
1 +
Prophyll architecture
pistillate +
Prophyll atypical quantity
0 (3) +
Prophyll position
subtending +
Prophyll quantity
3 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
Proximal bract orientation
erect +
Proximal bract shape
c--shaped +
Proximal bract some measurement
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (9 cm90 mm <br />0.09 m <br />) +
Proximal scale architecture
empty +
Publication title
Novon +
Publication year
1995 +
Reference
None +
Rhizome diameter
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
Rhizome fragility
tough +
Rhizome length or size
long +
Rhizome orientation
spreading +
Rhizome prominence
conspicuous +
Rhizome texture
firm +
Ridge dehiscence or orientation
transverse +
Ridge shape
wavy +
Root derivation
adventitious +
Root texture
fibrous +
Scale architecture
empty +
Scale arrangement
arranged +
Scale atypical quantity
6 (30) +
Scale coloration
sparsely +  and often densely reddish or straw-colored +
Scale duration
deciduous +
Scale length
3mm (4mm) +
Scale position
basal +  and proximal +
Scale quantity
3;6 +
Scale relief
spinulose-papillose +
Scale reproduction
fertile +
Scale shape
ovate +
Scale variability
variable +
Scale width
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Seed quantity
1 +
Segment architecture
bristlelike +
Segment shape
straplike +  and spinulose +
Sheath coloration
Dark reddish (?) +
Sheath front pubescence
pinnate-fibrillose +
Sheath shape
tubular +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V23/V23 67.xml +
Special status
Illustrated +
Spike quantity
single +
Spikelet apex shape
3-fid +
Spikelet architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +  and in clusters +
Spikelet arrangement or shape
contorted +
Spikelet length
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (2.4 cm24 mm <br />0.024 m <br />) +
Spikelet quantity
4 +  and 190 +
Spikelet shape
terete +
Spikelet width
4 +
Stamen atypical quantity
1 (3) +
Stamen fusion
distinct +
Stamen quantity
3 +
Stem architecture
septate +, hollow +  and solid +
Stem shape
compressed +, terete +  and trigonous +
Stigma relief
papillate +
Style architecture or shape
undivided +
Style arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Style quantity
few +
Style shape
3-fid +  and 2-fid +
Synonyms
Scirpus acutus var. occidentalis +  and Scirpus rubiginosus +
Taxon family
Cyperaceae +
Taxon name
Schoenoplectus acutus var. occidentalis +
Taxon parent
Schoenoplectus acutus +
Taxon rank
variety +
Testa fusion
free +
Testa width
thin +
Tuber presence
absent +
Volume
Volume 23 +
Whole organism architecture
not +  and rhizomatous +
Whole organism duration
perennial +
Whole organism growth form
plant +
X chromosome quantity
5;100 +