Mentioned on page 270, 312. Perennials, 20–100 cm; taprooted, woody, with caudexlike branches 2–15 cm, or leafy stems arising directly from roots; single
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× 1.5–1.8 mm, tightly enveloped by perigynia; stipe bent 5–30°, 0.4–0.7 mm; beak bent 30–60°, 0.2–0.4 mm. Phenology: Fruiting spring. Habitat: Mesic deciduous
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petiolate or sessile; blades lanceolate, linear, ovate, or rhombic, 4–60 × 1–30 cm, usually (proximal) 1–2-pinnately lobed, bases attenuate to truncate
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diam. (largest leaves 60–150 cm; recep- tacles becoming fleshy) Cynara 9 Involucres 10–50 mm diam. (largest leaves 20–50(–110) cm; receptacles usually not
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Treatment on page 619. Mentioned on page 543, 611, 620. Perennials, [20–] 60–120 [–200] cm (rhizomes fibrous-rooted; plants caulescent [subscapiform], glabrous
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blades elliptic to broadly obovate or rhombic, main cauline rhombic, 30–50 (–80) × 10–40 (–60) mm (thick and firm), bases cuneate, margins entire proximally
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19–42 cm × 5–20 mm, glaucous abaxially. Inflorescences loosely paniculate, 30–75-flowered, with 2–6 ascending branches, pyramidal, 10–60 × 5–12 cm. Flowers:
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208, 209, 243, 244. Stems erect, spheric to short cylindric, 10–63 × 7.5–30 cm; ribs 10–17, crenate or sharply notched to undulate or deeply sinuate, hence
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Mentioned on page 225, 229, 230, 234. Herbs. Stems ascending to erect, (30–) 40–100 cm, viscid glandular-pubescent, not glaucous. Leaves basal and cauline
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ovate scale. > 60 60 Subshrubs or shrubs; stems erect to ascending; leaf blade bases slightly asymmetric. Euphorbia mesembrianthemifolia 60 Herbs; stems
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4–55 (–80) cm, glabrous, not glaucous. Leaves basal and cauline, not leathery, glabrous, not glaucous; basal and proximal cauline (20–) 30–100 × 4–15 (–20)
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flowering, sometimes well developed, 1–5 (–7.8) × 0.3–1 (–1.5) cm; petiole 0–2 (–4.5) cm; blade lanceolate, oblong, linear-lanceolate, or ovate, margins
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than 35 cm; flowers 1(–2); lateral sepals nearly distinct to connate almost to apex. Cypripedium passerinum 8 Plants usually much more than 35 cm; flowers
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Volume 22. Herbs, perennial, cespitose, 20–90 (–100) cm. Stems compact. Leaves in narrow fans, 10–60 cm; sheaths smooth to papillate, base maroon; blade deep
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(3–) 10–50 cm × 0.4–1.2 mm, glabrous. Leaves flat, 5–40 cm × 1–3.5 mm. Inflorescences: spikes rather densely ovoid to globose, 1.2–3.5 cm; rays 0 or 1–4
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pubescent, pilose near the ligules; ligules 0.2-0.5 mm, of hairs; blades 1-30 cm long, 1-2.5 mm wide, flat to involute, papillose-based hairs often present
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Treatment on page 639. Plants perennial; cespitose or stoloniferous. Culms 30-250 cm, with pithy internodes. Leaves basal or cauline, not aromatic; sheaths
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(–120) cm. Leaf-blades with lateral-veins forming angle of 40–60° with midvein, lanceolate or broadly lanceolate, rarely ovatelanceolate, 7–20 (–30) × 3–5
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Mentioned on page 94. Plants 20–40 (–60+) cm. Basal leaves: blades green to gray-green, elliptic to lanceolate, 15–40+ × 4–14 cm (1–2-pinnatifid, primary lobes
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Mentioned on page 12, 14, 57, 70, 71, 73. Perennials, (2.5–) 5–50 (–150+) cm (caudices brown-woolly, aerial stems glabrate or resinous-punctate). Leaves
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