Polygonum marinense

T. R. Mertens & P. H. Raven

Madroño 18: 87. 1965.

Common names: Marin knotweed
IllustratedEndemicConservation concern
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 552. Mentioned on page 548, 550, 553.
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Plants often reddish tinged, heterophyllous, subsucculent. Stems prostrate to ascending, branching from base, not wiry, 15–40 cm. Leaves: ocrea 4–6 mm, proximal part funnelform, distal part silvery hyaline, soon disintegrating, leaving almost no fibrous remains; petiole 2–5 mm; blade often reddish tinged, elliptic to obovate or oblanceolate; 20–35 × 9–16 mm, margins flat, apex rounded; stem-leaves (1.3–) 2–2.6 (–3.5) times as long as branch leaves; distal leaves overtopping flowers in distal part of inflorescence. Inflorescences axillary; cymes in most leaf-axils, 1–4-flowered. Pedicels mostly exserted from ocreae, 2–4 mm. Flowers semi-open; perianth 3–3.5 (–4) mm; tube 18–25% of perianth length; tepals overlapping, green, margins white or pink, petaloid, not keeled, broadly rounded, cucullate; midveins unbranched; stamens 8. Achenes exserted from perianth, brown, ovate, 3-gonous, 2.8–3.4 (–4) mm, faces subequal or evidently unequal, apex not beaked, edges straight, shiny, minutely roughened; late-season achenes uncommon, 4.5–5 mm. 2n = 60.


Phenology: Flowering Apr–Oct.
Habitat: Coastal salt and brackish marshes, swamps
Elevation: 0-10 m

Discussion

Of conservation concern.

The origin and taxonomic affinities of Polygonum marinense are uncertain. T. R. Mertens and P. H. Raven (1965) suggested a relationship with P. oxyspermum C. A. Meyer & Bunge or the Mediterranean P. robertii Loiseleur-Deslongchamps. Polygonum marinense may be confused with P. ramosissimum. It can be distinguished by its subsucculent texture, funnelform ocreae, leaves rounded at the apices, and semi-open flowers. Marin knotweed is known from fewer than 15 locations in Marin, Napa, Solano, and Sonoma counties; it is threatened by coastal development.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"/2" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Polygonum marinense"
0.34 cm3.4 mm <br />0.0034 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
exserted +  and included +
dull +  and shiny +
smooth;roughened +
3-gonous +  and ovate +
whitish yellow +
elliptic +  and oblong +
rounded +
Mihai Costea +, François J. Tardif +  and Harold R. Hinds† +
T. R. Mertens & P. H. Raven +
not stipelike +
reddish tinged +
elliptic;obovate or oblanceolate +
coriaceous +
foliaceous +  and perfoliate +
scale-like +
just below the soil surface or and above the soil surface +  and spreading +
Marin knotweed +
1-4-flowered +
silvery hyaline +
straight +
0-10 m +
unequal +  and subequal +
adnate +, free +  and distinct +
disarticulating +  and solid +
decumbent to erect +  and prostrate +
unwinged +  and winged +
black +, red +, brown +  and yellowish +
exserted +  and included +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
spheroidal +, 4-gonous +, lenticular +, biconvex +, discoid +, 3-gonous +  and 2-gonous +
Coastal salt and brackish marshes, swamps +
compound +, branched +  and simple +
nonmembranous +
0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
sessile +  and petiolate +
deciduous +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br />) +
0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> (1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br />) +
pink +  and white +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
cucullate +, rounded +  and not keeled +
swollen +
silvery +, white +  and hyaline +
disintegrating +
deciduous +  and persistent +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
coriaceous +  and membranous +
somewhat larger +
anatropous +, , +  and orthotropous +
erect;spreading +
accrescent +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
spreading;erect +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
greenish white;pink +
campanulate +  and urceolate +
nonaccrescent +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
fleshy +, indurate +  and membranous +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Flowering Apr–Oct. +
(2-)3(-4)-carpellate +
slender;stout +
woody +  and fibrous +
Illustrated +, Endemic +  and Conservation concern +
(1.3-)2-2.6(-3.5) times as long as branch leaves +
not wiry +  and branching +
straight +
prostrate +  and ascending +
papillous-scabridulous +
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br />) +
2 +  and 3 +
penicillate +, fimbriate +  and capitate +
deciduous +  and persistent +
2-lobed +  and cylindric +
coriaceous +  and membranous +
connate +  and distinct +
spreading;erect +
Polygonum marinense +
Polygonum sect. Polygonum +
species +
overlapping +
connate +  and distinct +
lobed +  and laciniate +
coriaceous +
persistent +
membranous +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
not cushionlike +