Ranunculus subg. Ceratocephala

(Moench) L. D. Benson

Amer. J. Bot. 27: 806. 1940.

Basionym: Undefined subg. Ceratocephalus Moench Methodus, 218. 1794
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Mentioned on page 134.

Plants villous. Stems erect, not bulbous-based, without bulbils. Roots basal, never tuberous. Leaves all basal, petiolate; blade 1-2×-dissected. Inflorescences terminal, solitary flowers. Flowers: sepals persistent in fruit, 5, 3-6 × 1-2 mm; petals 5, yellow; nectary scale attached basally, forming flap over nectary, glabrous, free margin entire; style present. Fruits achenes, 3-locular, lateral locules empty; achene body ellipsoid, about as wide as thick, not prolonged beyond seed; wall firm, smooth; margin low narrow ridge; beak much longer than achene body.

Distribution

North America, Pacific Islands, Australia, Europe, c, sw Asia, and n Africa

Discussion

Species 10 (1 in the flora).

Ranunculus subg. Ceratocephalus is very different in aspect and fruit structure from other species of the genus; it is often treated as a distinct genus.

Selected References

None.

Alan T. Whittemore +
(Moench) L. D. Benson +
cuneate +, truncate +  and cordate +
Undefined subg. Ceratocephalus +
curved +  and straight +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
1-2×-dissected +
large +  and small +
globose;cylindric +
2-50-flowered +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br />) +
North America +, Pacific Islands +, Australia +, Europe +, c +, sw Asia +  and and n Africa +
sessile +  and pedicellate +
showy +  and inconspicuous +
sessile +  and aggregate +
cylindric;obovoid;cylindric;obovoid;globose;lenticular;discoid +
axillary +  and terminal +
reniform +  and linear +
whorled +, opposite +  and alternate +
cauline +  and basal +
parted +  and lobed +
palmate +  and pinnate +
toothed;crenate;toothed;crenate;entire +
distinct +
conspicuous +
linear +  and orbiculate +
reduced +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (2.6 cm26 mm <br />0.026 m <br />) +
4 +  and 250 +
Amer. J. Bot. +
not arillate +  and stalked +
white;yellow;white;yellow;purple;sometimes;green +
persistent +
distinct +
3 +  and 6 +
oblong +  and elliptic ovate or lanceolate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
(5-)10-many +
not bulbous-based +
persistent +
Ranunculus subg. Ceratocephala +
Ranunculus +
subgenus +
perennial +  and annual +
herbaceous +  and woody +