Search results

essentially 0. Cypselae usually monomorphic within heads, ± clavate, columnar, ellipsoid, fusiform, or prismatic, often compressed, obcompressed, or flattened

Cypselae clavate (distally stipitate-glandular) Mutisieae (Adenocaulon) 10 Cypselae mostly columnar, ellipsoid, obpyramidal, or prismatic, seldom clavate (if

[or distinct]; gynoecium 1-carpellate; styles filiform; stigmas capitate, fusiform to linear, or ending in tufts of hairs; ovule 1; placentation basal. Fruits

Cypselae mostly obpyramidal and 4–5-angled, sometimes clavate, columnar, cylindric, or fusiform, sometimes compressed and ± linear (e.g., Chaenactis, Hulsea)

obconic, sometimes columnar or flattened, seldom clavate or cylindric, often 4–5-angled (not both clavate to cylindric and 8–15-ribbed; sometimes cylindric

stigmatic in 2 lines from bases to appendages, appendages usually terete to clavate (lengths often 2–5+ times lengths of stigmatic lines), usually papillate

Cypselae obcompressed, compressed, or terete, often obpyramidal, clavate, or fusiform, glabrous or hairy (ray and disc often different); pappi 0, or persistent

styles at or extending beyond anthers; stigmas peltate. Fruits fusiform, clavate, oblong-clavate, obovoid, or obpyramidal, stiffly coriaceous; ribs (3–) 5,

essentially none. Cypselae ± monomorphic within heads, columnar to clavate, fusiform, or prismatic, sometimes compressed, not beaked, bodies smooth, nerved

rough. Capsule erect, immersed, emergent, or exserted, ovate to cylindric-fusiform, symmetric, smooth or 8-ribbed, rarely 16-ribbed, sometimes constricted

present. Fruits siliques or silicles, sessile, usually linear, oblong, clavate, or fusiform, rarely ellipsoid or obovoid, smooth or torulose, terete; valves

narrowly clavate, splitting to base, central column persistent, pedicellate or sessile. Seeds many, in 1 row per locule, narrowly obovoid or fusiform to narrowly

3–6; phyllaries in 2–4 series; cypselae clavate or cylindric, not compresssed, 5–8-nerved, white-hairy (hairs clavate to bulbous); pappi usually of 5–10 scales

ovary 2-locular or 4-locular, placentation axile; stigma capitate, clavate, or clavate and slightly 2-lobed. Fruits berries or capsules, ovoid or globular

and/or purplish, 10–30-veined, cylindric to campanulate, urceolate, or clavate, terete, frequently inflated, membranous or more rarely herbaceous, commissures

essentially none. Cypselae ± monomorphic within heads, usually cylindric, clavate, fusiform, or turbinate, sometimes ± beaked, bodies smooth or ribbed (glabrous

tetrads, rarely singly; ovary 4-locular, style erect, stigma entire and clavate to capitate, or deeply 4-lobed, commissural, receptive only on inner surfaces

or adaxially and sometimes abaxially along costa of distal lamina, clavate-fusiform or filamentous. Sexual condition mostly dioicous, rarely apparently

smooth or densely multipapillose only over lumina, papillae 2–6 per cell, clavate; marginal cells not differentiated from basal. Sexual condition dioicous

truncate-penicillate (appendages essentially 0). Cypselae clavate, cylindric, ellipsoid, or ± fusiform, (4–) 10–15-ribbed or nerved, glabrous (resinous); pappi

[yellow] (tubes filiform, laminae linear to oblong; styles filiform to clavate, entire or shallowly 2-cleft, papillate). Peripheral (pistillate) florets

transversely elongate]. Specialized asexual reproduction common, by fusiform-clavate gemmae borne on apices of often modified leaves. Sexual condition dioicous

long-pilose); style-branch appendages deltate (papillate). Cypselae (often dark) fusiform, sometimes slightly compressed, sometimes slightly falcate, 8–10-ribbed

Specialized asexual reproduction common by seriate-multicellular, fusiform-clavate to filiform gemmae, borne mostly adaxially on apices of often highly

papillose only over lumina, papillae 1 (or 2) per cell, conic, 2-fid, or clavate; marginal cells abruptly shorter than basal. Sexual condition autoicous

and papillate. Fruit a capsule, spreading to erect, obconic, cylindric to clavate, turbinate, obpyramidal, or globose to cuboid, terete to sharply 4+-angled

lanceolate; style-branch appendages lanceolate. Cypselae cylindro-obconic to fusiform, ± compressed, 7–12 (–18) -nerved, faces glabrous or sparsely to densely

(glabrous or sparsely appressed-hairy). Cypselae: of ray fusiform to obovoid, of disc fusiform to clavate or obovoid, compressed, 5–18-nerved, faces sparsely

hairy); stigmatic papillae 0 or vestigial. Cypselae ± ellipsoid [fusiform to clavate], ± obcompressed, smooth or fine-ribbed, glabrous (bases carunculate);

corky wings, oblong, ellipsoid, or clavate; beak distinct. Seeds 1–4, not filling fruit cavity, not grooved, fusiform; hilum inconspicuous; seed-coat thin

rose-purple to white; pollen in tetrads; stigma clavate, entire or sometimes obscurely 4-lobed. Capsules fusiform-clavate to lanceolate-linear, sometimes torulose

bracteate). Calyculi 0. Involucres campanulate, cylindric, ellipsoid, or fusiform, 2–8+ mm diam. Phyllaries 3–15 [–21] in 1 series (usually distinct, falling

spreading, triangular; style-branch appendages linear-lanceolate. Cypselae fusiform to obconic, terete to slightly compressed, 7–10-ribbed, ± densely strigose;

lanceolate; style-branch appendages lanceolate. Cypselae cylindro-obconic to fusiform, ± compressed, 7–10-nerved, faces glabrous or densely strigillose, eglandular;

surpassing rostellum; pollinia 4, clavate, soft, mealy; viscidium ovate to subelliptic. Fruits capsules, erect, obliquely fusiform to ovoid. Tropical and subtropical

lanceolate; style-branch appendages narrowly lanceolate. Cypselae fusiform or fusiform-obconic (bases stipitate), slightly compressed, 5–8-nerved with 2

ovoid, ellipsoid to cylindrical, rhombic-obovoid, or globose, sometimes clavate or ellipsoid with proximal part sterile and cylindrical, tapering to a pedicel-like

filaments narrowly clavate, 3-4 mm; anthers 0.4-0.7 mm. Achenes (4-) 8-12 (-15), short-stipitate; stipe 0.1-0.4 mm; body ovoid to fusiform, 3-4.5 mm, prominently

corymbiform to paniculiform arrays. Involucres ± campanulate to turbinate or fusiform, (8–10 ×) 3–5 mm. Phyllaries 22–35+ in (4–) 5–6+ series, 1-nerved (flat)

truncate-penicillate (appendages essentially 0). Cypselae prismatic to obconic or fusiform, obscurely 5-ribbed, glabrous or hirsute to densely pilose (hairs often

surfaces. Fruit a capsule, elongate, straight or curved, cylindrical, fusiform, or sub­clavate, often 4-angled (shallowly to deeply 4-grooved or 8-grooved) or

style appendages narrowly triangular). Cypselae narrowly obconic, clavate, or fusiform, glabrous or sparsely to densely hispidulous; pappi 0, or ± fragile

diams.); styles: bases not enlarged, glabrous, branches filiform-clavate. Cypselae fusiform, 5-ribbed, scabrellous on ribs; pappi persistent, of 3 muticous

conduplicate or not. > 22 20 Pseudobulbs fusiform, 15–50 cm. Cyrtopodium 20 Pseudobulbs ovoid to subglobose, not fusiform, less than 10 cm. > 21 21 Flowers mostly

calyx prominently 10-veined, campanulate or tubular in flower, clavate, turbinate, or fusiform in fruit, constricted or not at base around carpophore in fruit

petals pink or white; pollen in tetrads; stigma clavate, subentire to ± shallowly 4-lobed. Cap­sules fusiform to subclavate, sharply 4-angled or terete, walls

cauline; mostly alternate [opposite]; blades simple [pinnate], linear to clavate or acerose (± fleshy), margins entire, faces usually glabrous, sometimes

1–2 lanceolate to spatulate or linear bracts. Involucres ± cylindric to fusiform, 2–3+ mm diam. Phyllaries 8 in 4 decussate pairs, the outer ovate, inner

campanulate to narrowly urceolate throats, lobes 5, ovate-deltate. Cypselae clavate or fusiform, sometimes arcuate, obscurely 4–5-angled, ca. 20-nerved, glabrous

lance-linear (filaments hairy; anthers green). Cypselae ± ellipsoid [fusiform to clavate], ± obcompressed, smooth or fine-ribbed, glabrous (bases carunculate);

at apices. Corollas white or greenish, 8–10 (–11.5) mm. Cypselae fusiform or clavate, 4–5 mm (dark-brown, 12–15-ribbed); pappi (6–) 7–8 (–9) mm. 2n = 54

not corrugate, apex subulate to obtuse; inner leaves rolled into hardened fusiform structure. Leaves submersed, spirally arranged, sessile, delicate to coarse;

narrowly lanceolate (short-papillate). Cypselae mostly narrowly obconic to fusiform (not compressed), ribs 5–10, translucent, faces moderately appressed-strigose

not corrugate, apex acute to apiculate; inner leaves rolled into hardened fusiform structure. Leaves submersed, spirally arranged, sessile, delicate; stipules

style-branch appendages narrowly triangular. Cypselae narrowly cylindric to fusiform, not compressed, 9–12-ribbed (whitish, raised), faces glabrous; pappi persistent

1–5 oval to linear oil-glands). Involucres campanulate to turbinate or fusiform, 4–8 (–10) mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 6–12 in ± 2 series (distinct

yellow-white apically, linear, terete, sometimes clavate, 5–11 mm. Berries green to green-white, ovoid-fusiform, 35–45 × 20–25 mm. 2n = 12. Phenology: Flowering

rectangular to elongate-rectangular; distal cells 7–14 µm, papillae conic or clavate, small or large. Specialized asexual reproduction absent. Sexual condition

and sparsely puberulent); style-branch appendages lanceolate. Cypselae fusiform, ± 3 mm, ± 10-nerved, faces densely white strigoso-hirsute, eglandular;

broad; pistillodes absent. Pistillate flowers: ovary 1-locular, broadly fusiform-rostrate; ovules 1 (–2) per locule; styles 1–3, columnar; stigmas 1, depressed-globose

singly, rarely in tetrads; stigma entire and clavate to deeply 4-lobed. Capsules narrowly cylindrical or fusiform, splitting to base, central column persistent

sometimes mixed strigillose; style white or cream, 2–8 mm, stigma cream, clavate or cylindrical, entire, 1.2–3 × 0.5–1 mm, usually surrounded by, rarely

pedicellate ovary 4.7–5 cm. Berries pendent, green, darkening at maturity, fusiform-clavate, 16 × 1.2 cm. Phenology: Flowering May–Jun. Habitat: Hammocks Elevation:

multifid papillae ad and abaxially; cancellinae rounded distally. Gemmae clavate-fusiform, smooth, sparse, on adaxial apex of leaf. Habitat: Not producing sporophytes

perianth, the long-exserted stamens and style, the obscurely 10-ribbed, fusiform or clavate fruits with the large viscid glands, and the semiwoody nature of the

or rough-wrinkled, glabrous or hairy); pappi 0. Disc cypselae narrowly clavate (usually angled in cross-section, glabrous or hairy); pappi usually of 6–13

deteriorating, dehiscence loculicidal. Seeds 10+ per locule, rusty brown, fusiform, sometimes caudate. x = 13. w, se North America, Mexico, Central America

usually white or greenish, rarely purplish, 8–9 (–10) mm. Cypselae fusiform or clavate, 4–5 mm (dark-brown, 7–8-ribbed); pappi (5–) 6–7.5 mm. 2n = 50, 52

(tips obtuse). Corollas white or greenish, 8–9 (–10.5) mm. Cypselae fusiform or clavate, 4–5 mm (dark-brown or purple, 4–5-ribbed); pappi 6–8 mm. 2n = 50

or greenish, sometimes tinged with purple, 7–8 (–9.5) mm. Cypselae fusiform or clavate, 4 mm (dark-brown, 6–8-ribbed); pappi 5–7 mm. 2n = 50. Phenology:

dry, consisting mostly of costa with narrow wings of lamina. Gemmae clavate-fusiform, smooth, abundant, forming pale spheres all around on excurrent tip

column; pedicellate. Seeds 200–500, in 1 row per locule, gray-brown, narrowly clavate, with ± persistent coma at chalazal end. = 18. North America, Mexico, Eurasia

margins, tack-glands (0–) 1–7+. Paleae 4–6 mm (receptacular cups ± clavate to fusiform, lengths ± 2 times diams.). Ray-florets 1 (–2); corollas white to

mm. Disc-florets 10–16; corollas 5–6 mm, lobes 1–1.5 (–1.8) mm. Cypselae fusiform to narrowly obconic, 3–5 mm, ribs 5–8, golden brown, darker than intercostal

included in tube; ovary ovoid, 1–1.5 mm, distal 1/2 tomentose; stigma clavate, 1.2–1.4 mm. Fruits capsules, brown, cylindric, 4–4.5 × 1.7–2 mm, tomentose

Turions present, in axils of old leaves and from disintegrating branches, fusiform, 0.7–2 cm, leaves spreading to ascending. Leaves submersed, spirally arranged

brown, rarely dull brownish red throughout), cylindric to fusiform or obovoid to narrowly clavate, often distorted from lateral pressure of adjacent tubercles

ovary 8–18 mm, subglabrous to strigillose; style white, 2.5–3.5mm, stigma clavate, 1–1.8 × 0.5–1 mm, surrounded by anthers. Capsules erect, often reddish

and glandular puberulent or subglabrous; style cream, 0.8–5 mm, stigma clavate, entire, 0.4–1.2 × 0.3–0.7 mm, usually surrounded by, rarely exserted beyond

ovary 3–5 mm, usually densely villous; style pale-pink, 0.6–1.8 mm, stigma clavate, irregularly 4-lobed to subentire, 0.5–1 × 0.2–0.6 mm, surrounded by longer

apiculate; ovary 3–6 mm, densely pubescent; style pale-pink, 1.2–2.8 mm, stigma clavate to subcapitate or irregularly 4-lobed, 0.5–1.2 ×0.3–0.6 mm, surrounded by

style white or pale-pink, 1.4–3.2 mm, glabrous, stigma cream, narrowly clavate to subcapitate, 0.8–1.4 × 0.3–0.8 mm, surrounded by at least longer anthers

throats funnelform, lobes triangular, 0.5–0.8 mm (red or white clavate-hairy). Cypselae fusiform to cylindro-obconic, ± compressed, [size unknown], 4–7-nerved

3–0.7 mm; ovary 12–35 mm, strigillose; style cream, 1.5–4.5 mm, stigma clavate to cylindrical, entire, 0.8–2 × 0.5–1.4 mm, usually surrounded by, rarely

often prematurely exserted and protogynous. Capsules often curved, fusiform-clavate, 10–30 mm, surfaces finely strigillose; pedicel 4.5–13 mm. Seeds narrowly

often mixed glandular puberulent; style cream, 2–3.5 mm, stigma narrowly clavate, entire, 1–1.6 × 0.5–1 mm, surrounded by anthers. Capsules 35–68 mm, short-beaked

sometimes mixed glandular puberulent; style cream, 2–3.8 mm, stigma narrowly clavate, entire, 1–1.8 × 0.5–1.2 mm, usually surrounded by, rarely exserted beyond

1.5 mm. Cypselae tan, fusiform, cylindric, 5–6 mm, ribs 7–11, stramineous, faces ± strigose; pappi of pale stramineous (clavate) bristles 5–7 mm, shorter

apex apiculate; inner leaves undifferentiated or rolled into hardened, fusiform structure. Leaves submersed, spirally arranged, sessile, rigid; stipules

5–7 mm, lobes 1.5–2.2 mm. Cypselae (fusiform to obconic) 2.5–3 mm, moderately long-strigose; pappi 4–6 mm (some clavate). Phenology: Flowering Sep. Habitat:

strigillose, lobes slightly spreading, lanceolate, 2–4 mm. Cypselae tan, fusiform, ± compressed, (1.5–) 2–4.2 mm, ribs 6–8 (lighter than bodies), faces strigillose

cylindro-fusiform, compressed, ca. 3 mm (sterile or undeveloped), ribs [not seen], faces strigillose; pappi of tawny, (sometimes apically ± clavate) bristles

reddish-brown to brown, fusiform, compressed, 3–4 mm, ribs 7–12, faces sparsely strigillose; pappi of cinnamon (apically clavate) bristles, equaling disc

Cypselae brown, fusiform, ± compressed, 3–4 mm, ribs 7–9, tan, prominent, crowded, faces strigillose; pappi of cinnamon (sometimes ± clavate) bristles, ±

whorls; pedicels usually distinctly heteromorphic, some swollen, curved, or clavate, others not swollen Rumex bucephalophorus 56 Plants perennial, annual, or