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more slender than spreading branches and with a tendency to adhere to and cover the stem. Branch fascicles typically with 2 spreading and 1–2 pendent branches

pycnostachya, Liatris savannensis, Liatris scariosa, Liatris spicata, Liatris squarrosa, Liatris squarrulosa, Liatris tenuifolia, Liatris tenuis, Liatris virgata

sap clear, white, or colored, often sticky. Stems leafy or naked, erect, spreading, or decumbent, simple or branching. Leaves basal and/or cauline, alternate

perpusilla, Fimbristylis puberula, Fimbristylis schoenoides, Fimbristylis squarrosa, Fimbristylis thermalis, Fimbristylis tomentosa, Fimbristylis vahlii Vahl

brickellioides, Hazardia cana, Hazardia detonsa, Hazardia orcuttii, Hazardia squarrosa, Hazardia stenolepis, Hazardia whitneyi Greene Pittonia 1: 28. 1887. W

speciesHazardia squarrosa Show Lower Taxa Hazardia squarrosa var. grindelioides, Hazardia squarrosa var. obtusa, Hazardia squarrosa var. squarrosa (Hooker &

LAYOUT:treatment:TUOYAL familySphagnaceae genusSphagnum sectionSphagnum sect. Squarrosa Show Lower Taxa Sphagnum mirum, Sphagnum squarrosum, Sphagnum teres, Sphagnum

oxylepis, Grindelia oölepis, Grindelia pusilla, Grindelia scabra, Grindelia squarrosa, Grindelia subalpina Willdenow Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin Mag. Neuesten

Eupatorieae genusLiatris speciesLiatris squarrosa Show Lower Taxa Liatris squarrosa var. glabrata, Liatris squarrosa var. squarrosa (Linnaeus) Michaux Fl. Bor.-Amer

Fuirena longa, Fuirena pumila, Fuirena scirpoidea, Fuirena simplex, Fuirena squarrosa Rottböll Descr. Icon. Rar. Pl., 70. 1773. Robert Kral Common names: Umbrella-grass

genusArgemone speciesArgemone squarrosa Show Lower Taxa Argemone squarrosa subsp. glabrata, Argemone squarrosa subsp. squarrosa Greene Pittonia 4: 68. 1899

sect. Squarrosae Show Lower Taxa Carex aureolensis, Carex frankii, Carex squarrosa, Carex typhina J. Carey Carices North. U.S., 564. 1847. Bruce A. Ford,

hirsutula (i.e., between G. squarrosa and G. perennis, which has been treated as a variety of G. squarrosa). Plants of G. squarrosa with relatively narrow leaf

acrocarpous. Stems erect to ascending, simple to sparsely branched. Leaves erect-spreading to squarrose-recurved, somewhat crowded, uniform, ovatelanceolate to linear

Cyperaceae Fuirena scirpoidea Fuirena longa Fuirena breviseta Fuirena squarrosa John Myers John Myers John Myers John Myers Cyperaceae Cyperaceae Cyperaceae

resin-gland-dotted, margins scarious, appendages spreading, fringed with slender stramineous spines, each tipped by spreading to reflexed spine 1–3 mm. Inner phyllaries

LAYOUT:treatment:TUOYAL familySphagnaceae genusSphagnum sectionSphagnum sect. Squarrosa speciesSphagnum tundrae Flatberg Lindbergia 19: 3, figs. 1–3. 1994,. Cyrus

(–30) × 5–60 mm. Phyllaries 10–40 in 2–6 series, appressed to loosely spreading, 1-nerved, oblanceolate to oblong or linear, equal or unequal, usually

unequal, herbaceous to ± cartilaginous, margins scarious, apices (slightly spreading to nearly squarrose) some or all bearing a tack-shaped gland. Receptacles

Moosstudien, 165. 1864 Synonyms: Jaegerinopsis scariosa (Lorentz) Brotherus J. squarrosa E. Britton Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 598. Mentioned

spikes 1–4; spikelets [20–] 50–150 per spike; involucral-bracts 1–4, spreading or erect, leaflike. Spikelets: scales (1–) 3, spirally arranged, 1 scale

palustre Dickson Fasc. Pl. Crypt. Brit. 4: 11. 1801 Synonyms: Dicranella squarrosa (Schrader) Schimper Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page

Islands Fimbristylis squarrosa is an Old World temperate to tropical weed, mostly of Asia and Africa. While Fimbristylis squarrosa has been collected only

Lacinaria cylindracea (Michaux) Kuntze Liatris intermedia Lindley Liatris squarrosa var. intermedia (Lindley) de Candolle Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21

Torrey Bot. Club 28: 466. 1901. Robert Kral Illustrated Basionym: Fuirena squarrosa var. breviseta Coville Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 17: 6, plate 98, fig. 6.

Syst. Veg. 1: 237. 1825. Robert Kral IllustratedEndemic Basionym: Fuirena squarrosa var. pumila Torrey Fl. N. Middle United States 1: 68. 1824 Treatment appears

sect. Solidago subsectionSolidago subsect. Squarrosae speciesSolidago squarrosa Muhlenberg Cat. Pl. Amer. Sept., 79. 1813. John C. Semple, Rachel E. Cook

LAYOUT:treatment:TUOYAL familySphagnaceae genusSphagnum sectionSphagnum sect. Squarrosa speciesSphagnum mirum Flatberg & Thingsgaard Bryologist 106: 501. 2003

and tapering with distinct squarrose spreading leaves, often terete in tundra forms. Branch fascicles with 2 spreading and 2–3 pendent branches. Branch stems

G. aphanactis (see 4. G. squarrosa) appear to be discoid plants of G. arizonica. Hybrids between G. arizonica and G. squarrosa have been recorded from Colorado

with L. squarrosa. They have been treated as a single species. Liatris hirsuta is sympatric (without intergrades) with L. squarrosa var. squarrosa in Texas

LAYOUT:treatment:TUOYAL familySphagnaceae genusSphagnum sectionSphagnum sect. Squarrosa speciesSphagnum teres Ångström in C. J. Hartman in C. J. Hartman, Handb

rubricaulis var. maritima Greene Grindelia squarrosa var. integrifolia (Nuttall) B. Boivin Grindelia squarrosa var. quasiperennis Lunell Grindelia stricta

is geographically disjunct from its closest relatives (L. squarrosa vars. glabrata and squarrosa); it is sympatric with L. hirsuta, which apparently is separated

terminal, compact to loose cymes; bracts paired, scarious. Pedicels erect or spreading. Flowers: perianth and androecium perigynous; hypanthium cupshaped, not

bracts). Involucres cylindric, [2–] 3–4+ mm diam. Phyllaries persistent (spreading in age), (12–) 17–22+ in 3–4+ series, 3-nerved, lance-deltate or lanceolate

branches per node, lower branches with 2+ spikelets; branches erect or spreading, stiff or lax, glabrous, scabrous, or pubescent. Spikelets (6) 7-17 mm

muhly Muhlenbergie de richardson Synonyms: Sporobolus depauperatus Muhlenbergia squarrosa Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 177. Illustrator:

purple, sometimes white with purple veins, rarely light yellow, abaxial lip spreading, 3–5 mm, lobes oblong-lanceolate, apex obtuse or rounded, adaxial lip erect

×macdanieliana J. R. Allison—L. cylindracea × L. squarrosa Liatris ×ridgwayi Standley—L. pycnostachya × L. squarrosa Liatris ×spheroidea Michaux; Lacinaria aspera

hemispheric, 5–9 (–11) × 6–10 (–15+) mm. Phyllaries in 4–5 (–6) series, slightly spreading to appressed, lance-oblong or lance-linear to lance-subulate, apices hooked