persistent in fruit, 5; upper sepal 1, spurred, 8-24 mm; lateral sepals 2, ± ovate to elliptic, 8-18 mm; lower sepals 2, similar to lateral sepals; upper
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17. Treatment on page 510. Mentioned on page 7, 458, 511, 520, 522, 523, 530, 532, 534. Herbs, perennial [annual]; hemiparasitic, rhizomatous, caudex woody
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1778–1850, French chemist Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 530. Mentioned on page 372, 374, 496, 515, 531. Illustrator: Barbara Alongi Copyright:
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497, 498, 528, 529, 530. Herbs [subshrubs or shrubs], annual or perennial. Leaves: basal rosette absent, proximalmost internodes 10+ mm; blade, at least some
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arranged inflorescence Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 530. Mentioned on page 498, 499, 537. Herbs, perennial, terrestrial. Roots fleshy
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calyx 7–15 mm, glabrous or tomentose, lobes 5, triangular or filiform, 1–10 mm, apex entire, glabrous or ciliate; corolla 14–27 mm, tube yellow or dark blood
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peduncles 0 or 2–5 mm) in congested to open (widely branched) arrays. Involucres campanulate or turbinate, (1–) 2–4 (–5) × 2–5 (–8) mm. Phyllaries (gray-green)
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Treatment on page 593. Mentioned on page 494, 495, 506, 516, 522, 526, 528, 529, 530, 542, 543, 558, 561, 586, 594, 596, 599. Shrubs, sometimes trees, (15–) 20–60
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FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 561. Mentioned on page 494, 522, 527, 528, 530, 558, 566, 568, 569, 572, 573, 591, 594, 600, 641, 642. Shrubs or trees, 20–70
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 531. Mentioned on page 530, 559. Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America Association
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Treatment on page 530. Mentioned on page 497, 498. Herbs or subshrubs, perennial. Leaves: basal rosette absent, proximalmost internodes 5 mm; blade without
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5–18 x 2–15 mm, pinnatifid, margins entire, surfaces glabrous. Pedicels 1.5–5.5 mm. Flowers: calyx 5–9 mm, glabrous, lobes 5, triangular, 1–3 mm, apex entire
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appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 567. Mentioned on page 527, 528, 530, 558, 561, 563, 564, 568, 570, 617. Shrubs or trees, (10–) 20–70 (–80) dm
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appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 585. Mentioned on page 528, 529, 530, 572, 577, 580, 586, 588, 590, 591, 592, 594, 611. Shrubs or trees, 10–60
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FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 563. Mentioned on page 224, 226, 231, 238, 530. Annuals, perennials, or subshrubs [biennials]; not scapose; glabrous or pubescent
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9-16 × 5-8 mm, spur 12-22 mm; petals blue to yellow with tinge of red, lateral lobes 4-5 mm, terminal lobes 3.5-5 × 2-3 mm, sinus 0.5-1.5 mm. Follicles
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oblong-obtuse, 5–7 × 1.5–2 mm; lateral sepals oblong-oblique, 5–7 × 2 mm, apex obtuse; petals spatulate, tapering to narrow base, 4.5–5 × 1.5 mm; lip oblong, constricted
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30 cm. Pedicels: staminate 4–10 mm; pistillate 10–40 mm in fruit, straight. Staminate flowers: calyx campanulate, 10–15 mm, lobes erect or spreading; stamens
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intersinus distance 2–4 mm. Pedicels 0 (–1.5) mm. Flowers: petals yellow to orange, narrowly spatulate to obovate, 4.5–17 × 1.2–5 mm, apex rounded; stamens 25–45
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 557. Mentioned on page 530, 551, 558, 561, 579, 638, 641. Shrubs or trees, (40–) 70–120 dm, main trunk
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antheridiate plants short-stemmed (to 2 mm), appearing as buds on soil at base of archegoniate plants. Seta 1–1.8 cm. Theca 0.8–1.2 mm. Spores 10–12 µm. Generated
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cylindro-urceolate, 4–10 mm; filaments ± glabrous. Berries usually blue, glaucous, 4–8 mm diam., glabrous. Seeds 5–20, ca. 1 mm. 2n = 24, 48. w North America
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A. Engler et al. in H. G. A. Engler et al., Nat. Pflanzenfam. ed. 2, 16c: 530. 1934. Sergei L. Mosyakin Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on
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5–) 1–7 (–11) mm. Flowers 6–12 mm diam.; epicalyx bractlets oblong to oval, 0.8–2.5 (–3) mm; hypanthium shallowly cupulate, 1–2 × 2.5–5 mm; sepals (1.8–)
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1–2 mm, shorter than pedicels, glabrous, sessile-glandular. Pedicels 6–9 mm, sparsely hairy (hairs red), sessile-glandular; bracteoles 1–2, 1–1.5 mm. Flowers:
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triangular to deltate, 0.5–1 mm, apex entire, glabrous; corolla 10–15 mm, tube white or light pink, 6–9 mm; galea white or light pink, 4–6 mm, beaked, beak sickle-shaped
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page 532. Mentioned on page 529, 530, 534. Stems to 1.2 cm. Leaves firm when wet, long-ovate to ligulate, 0.5–1.8 (–2) mm, base often elliptic, widened not
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Phyllanthoideae (Euphorbiaceae). III. Cladistic analysis. Syst. Bot. 11: 515–530. Wurdack, K. et al. 2004. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Phyllanthaceae
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FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 33. Mentioned on page 29, 34, 436, 529, 530. Shrubs [prostrate subshrubs]. Stems erect [prostrate], branched, swollen
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1–1.5 mm. Cypselae tan to brown, obovoid, compressed, 2–4 mm, 4–6-nerved, faces sparsely strigose to glabrate; pappi sordid to yellowish, 4–6 mm. Phenology:
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narrowly ovate, 21–29 × 8–12 mm, coriaceous, margins sharply serrate, surfaces glandular abaxially. Flowers: corolla pinkish, 3–5 mm; filaments hairy. Berries
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IllustratedEndemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 530. Mentioned on page 529. Illustrator: Susan A. Reznicek Copyright: Flora of
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sessile-glandular. Flowers 13–21 mm diam.; hypanthium glabrous or tomentose; sepals triangular to broadly triangular, 3–4 mm, margins usually finely glandular-denticulate;
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Seta 0.2 mm. Capsule emergent, cylindric to subcylindric, 2–3 mm; operculum conic, 0.5 mm; endostome trellis nearly perfect. Calyptra 1.5 mm. Spores 20–40
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(fruiting) 0–2.5 × 2 mm. Flowers: petals orange, (6–) 8–18.5 × (3–) 4–10.5 mm, apex cuspidate, hairy abaxially on distal 1/2; stamens 15–45, 5–9.5 mm, filaments
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lanceolate, 0.6–0.7 mm. Cypselae reddish tan, obovoid, compressed, 1.5–2.8 mm, 4–5-nerved, faces strigillose; pappi yellowish, 7–8 mm. 2n = 80. Phenology:
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Schulz Pritzelago Kuntze Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 530. Mentioned on page 231, 237, 238, 240. Annuals [perennials]; [caudex branched];
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deltate, 0.5–1.5 mm, apex entire, glabrous; corolla 5–8 mm, tube purple, rarely white, 3–5 mm; galea pink to purple, rarely white, 1.5–3 mm, beaked, beak
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campanulate-urceolate, 4 mm, lobes broadly deltate to rounded, 0.5–1.5 mm; filaments 1–1.5 mm, glabrous; anthers included, 1–1.5 mm, thecae not divergent
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pedicels 3–8 (–12) mm. Flowers: sepals 0.6–1.1 × 0.4–0.6 mm; petals 0.6–1.2 × 0.3–0.6 mm; filaments (white), 0.5–1 mm; anthers ca. 0.1 mm. Fruits (0.2–) 0
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Association Herbs, annual, herbage not drying dark. Stems erect, (20–) 40–380 (–530) mm, glandular-puberulent to glandular-pubescent. Leaves usually cauline, gradually
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on fertile shoots 40–70 mm with 2 or 3 leaves, 5–34-flowered, lax. Pedicels 1–8 mm, sparsely villose-strigose. Flowers 8–12.5 mm diam.; buds white; hypanthium
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in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 526. Mentioned on page 497, 527, 528, 530. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association
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Leaf-blades oblong to linear, 1–5 mm, apex obtuse. Inflorescences lax; flowers 1 per node. Pedicels 0.5–6 (–10) mm. Flowers 4-merous; sepals triangular-ovate
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or subulate, 0.2–0.4 mm; largest blade 6–14 × 2–4 mm, margins ciliolate, moderately puberulent, sometimes glabrescent. Petals 4–6 mm, mostly widest proximal
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page 530. Illustrator: Linny Heagy Copyright: Flora of North America Association Flowers: petals 8–17 mm, yellow; stamens 7–18 mm, longest to 1 mm longer
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Treatment on page 530. Flowers: petals 4.5–8 mm, orangish yellow, orange, or burnt orange; stamens 7–14 mm, longest usually much more than 1 mm longer than petals
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 531. Mentioned on page 530. Stems 2–2.5 cm, glossy green or yellowish-brown, branches straight. Leaves
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 536. Mentioned on page 524, 530, 535, 537, 564, 578, 580. Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora
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Mentioned on page 527, 530. Plants perennial, with tubers. Stems erect, to 50 cm. Leaves: petiole mostly 3–20 mm, less than 3 mm only on smallest, distalmost
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