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Treatment on page 156. Mentioned on page 155, 166. Stems 0.5–4 (–12) cm, usually comose to evenly foliate; sparsely to densely radiculose. Leaves ovate or ovatelanceolate

1-stratose limbidium, and comose stems (subg. Cladodium), and those with more elongate foliate stems, not particularly comose, with long-rectangular proximal

basal rhizoids few. Leaves usually larger and more crowded distally, often comose, reduced proximally, usually contorted when dry, spreading when wet, broadly

[absent, stigmas sessile]. Fruits capsular, dehiscence loculicidal. Seeds comose at one end [hairy overall]; embryo straight; endosperm absent [scanty, starchy];

absent; fruit usually a capsule, sometimes indehiscent. > 4 4 Seeds usually comose, coma rarely secondarily lost; sepals erect or spreading; stigmas with dry

Treatment on page 166. Mentioned on page 155, 156. Stems 0.5–4 (–6) cm, usually comose; sparsely to moderately radiculose. Leaves ovate, ovatelanceolate, or orbicular

subglobose to oblong, leathery, usually glabrous. Seeds [2–] 24, densely comose to glabrate or glabrous. x = 13. s, sc United States, w Mexico, South America

ovate, obovate, or spathulate; margins usually serrate distally > 4 3 Stems comose, gemmiform, evenly foliate, or julaceous; leaves ovate, elliptic, oblong

unisexual, pedicellate, tetrasepalous, and 3- or 4-carpellate, and seeds are comose, i.e., having characteristics intermediate between Salicaceae and Flacourtiaceae

dense or open turfs, green or yellow-green. Stems 1–2 (–3) cm, comose, innovations comose or somewhat elongate and evenly foliate; often strongly radiculose

3–5-locular, broadly ovoid or subglobose, 2–4 cm, smooth, glabrous. Seeds 8–10 mm, comose, hairs (cotton) usually white. 2n = 52. Phenology: Flowering year-round

dense or open turfs, green or yellow-green. Stems 1–3 (–4) cm, comose, innovations comose or somewhat elongate and evenly foliate; somewhat radiculose.

turfs, red, pink, green, or yellow-green. Stems 0.5–3 cm, fertile stems comose, innovations evenly foliate. Leaves shiny yellow-green to red or pink, crowded

or open turfs, green, yellow-green, or brown. Stems 1–3 cm, fertile stems comose, innovations evenly foliate. Leaves yellow-green to yellowbrown, somewhat

pale-pink, red, or rarely dull green. Stems 1–4 (–6) cm, fertile stems comose, innovations evenly foliate. Leaves pink, red, or rarely green, crowded

open turfs, green or rarely pinkish red. Stems 2–4 (–6) cm, fertile stems comose, innovations evenly foliate. Leaves green, yellow-green, or rarely red or

green, or yellowish green, darker below, equally foliate, the fertile ones comose. Leaves 4–7 mm, erect spreading or loosely appressed, lanceolate, ending

individuals, green, red-green, or yellow-green. Stems 0.5–2 (–3) cm, tufted, comose, innovations elongate and evenly foliate; often strongly radiculose. Leaves

dense or open turfs, green or yellow-green. Stems 1–2 (–3) cm, comose, innovations comose or somewhat elongate and evenly foliate; often strongly radiculose

dense or open turfs, green or yellow-green. Stems 1–2 (–3) cm, comose, innovations comose or somewhat elongate and evenly foliate; somewhat radiculose.

page 157, 165. Plants in dense turfs, dark green. Stems 1–2 cm, comose, innovations comose or somewhat elongate and evenly foliate; not strongly radiculose

dense or open turfs, green or yellow-green. Stems 1–2 (–3) cm, comose, innovations comose or somewhat elongate and evenly foliate; not strongly radiculose

dense or open turfs, green or yellow-green. Stems 1–2 (–3) cm, comose, innovations comose or somewhat elongate and evenly foliate; not strongly radiculose

among other bryophytes, green to reddish-brown with age. Stems to 3 (–5) cm, comose from a wiry base, mostly unbranched. Leaves 2.5–6 mm, loosely imbricate

yellow-green, older shoots becoming redbrown. Stems 2–4 (–6) cm, tufted, weakly comose to evenly foliate, innovations elongate and evenly foliate; usually strongly

brown proximally, loosely foliose, some leaf-bases exposed, only slightly comose at stem apex. Stems conspicuously tomentose. Leaves in loose, simple spirals

dense swelling turfs, red to redbrown. Stems 2–4 (–6) cm, fertile stems comose, innovations evenly foliate. Leaves red, dark redbrown with age, crowded

individuals, green, red-green, or yellow-green. Stems 0.4–1.5 cm, tufted, comose, innovations elongate and evenly foliate; often strongly radiculose. Leaves

or open turfs, yellow-green to yellowbrown. Stems 0.5–2 cm, fertile stems comose, innovations evenly foliate. Leaves yellow-green to green distally, brown

turfs, olive green, red-green, or yellow-green. Stems 4–8 (–12) cm, tufted, comose, innovations elongate and evenly foliate; weakly radiculose. Leaves yellow-green

turfs, green, red-green, or yellow-green. Stems 0.5–1 (–1.5) cm, tufted, comose, innovations elongate and evenly foliate, often strongly radiculose. Leaves

pale-yellow, yellow-green, or copper. Stems 3–6 (–10) cm, fertile stems comose, innovations evenly foliate. Leaves yellow to yellow-copper, crowded, older

green, yellow-green, or brownish. Stems (1–) 2–4 (–6) cm, fertile stems comose, innovations evenly foliate. Leaves dull green to yellow-green, crowded

open turfs, red, green, or yellow-green. Stems 0.5–2 (–3) cm, fertile stems comose, innovations evenly foliate. Leaves yellow-green to red, crowded, strongly

or open turfs, green or yellow-green. Stems 0.5–3 (–4) cm, fertile stems comose, innovations evenly foliate. Leaves green, somewhat distant, strongly contorted

dense turfs, green or yellow-green. Stems 0.5–2 (–3) cm, evenly foliate to comose, innovations elongate and evenly foliate; weakly radiculose. Leaves green

open turfs, green, red-green, or yellow-green. Stems 2–4 (–6) cm, tufted, comose, innovations elongate and evenly foliate; often strongly radiculose. Leaves

proximally. Stems 0.5–1 (–2) cm, fertile stems evenly foliate, sometimes comose, innovations evenly foliate. Leaves green to yellow-green or rarely reddish

164. Plants in dense turfs, green or yellow-green. Stems 1.5–3 (–4) cm, comose, innovations elongate and evenly foliate; often strongly radiculose. Leaves

yellowbrown, red-green, or brown. Stems 0.5–2 (–3) cm, evenly foliate to comose, innovations elongate and evenly foliate; weakly radiculose. Leaves green

swelling turfs, red, red-green, or red-yellow. Stems 2–4 (–6) cm, fertile stems comose, innovations evenly foliate. Leaves yellow-green to pink or red, dark redbrown

or open turfs, red-green or redbrown. Stems 0.5–1 (–2) cm, fertile stems comose, innovations evenly foliate. Leaves yellow-green to red-green, distant proximally

dense or open turfs, green or yellow-green. Stems 0.5–3 cm, fertile stems comose, innovations evenly foliate. Leaves green to yellow-green, crowded, strongly

or open turfs, green, yellow-green, or brown. Stems 1–2 cm, fertile stems comose, innovations evenly foliate. Leaves yellow-green to yellowbrown, somewhat

of sects. Pachydium (n = 9, 10, 19) and Epilobiopsis (n = 15) by having comose seeds, and from E. brachycarpum (sect. Xerolobium, n = 12) by their smaller

reddish-brown, in loose tufts. Stems (0.5–) 1–4 cm tall, rather wiry, unbranched, comose at the tips, whitish tomentose only near the base. Leaves (2–) 3–4 mm, erect

brown proximally, loosely foliose, some leaf-bases exposed, only slightly comose at stem apex. Stems conspicuously tomentose. Leaves in tight, complex spirals

brown proximally, loosely foliose, some leaf bases exposed, only slightly comose at stem apex; stems conspicuously tomentose; leaves fragile or not, erect-

Henderson et al. 1979). In addition to producing numerous, highly vagile, comose seeds, aggressive rhizomatous growth enables it to survive clonally and