Rumex cuneifolius

Campderá

Monogr. Rumex, 95. 1819.

Common names: Argentine or wedgeleaf dock
IntroducedIllustrated
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 514. Mentioned on page 492.

Plants perennial, glabrous or slightly papillose-pubescent especially on leaf-blades abaxially, with long-creeping rhizomes and/or stolons. Stems and axillary shoots ascending or erect, branching in distal 2/3, (5–) 10–30 (–40) cm. Leaf-blades distinctly obovate or obovate-elliptic, 5–8 (–12) × (2–) 3–5 (–7) cm, widest in distal 1/2, rather fleshy, coriaceous, base cuneate, margins entire to obscurely repand, crisped or occasionally flat, apex obtuse, rounded. Inflorescences terminal and axillary, occupying distal 1/2–2/3 of shoots, usually dense at least in distal part, narrowly to broadly paniculate (but branches in most cases simple or nearly so). Pedicels articulated near middle or in proximal 1/3, thickened (especially distally), 3–5 mm, not more than 2–2.5 times as long as inner tepals, articulation distinct, swollen. Flowers 5–20 in whorls; inner tepals ovate-deltoid or ovate-triangular, 4–5 × (2.5–) 3–3.5 mm, base broadly cuneate or truncate, margins entire, apex obtuse or subacute; tubercles 3, equal or unequal, finely punctate. Achenes glossy brown or dark reddish-brown, 2.5–3 × 1.8–2.5 mm. 2n = 40.


Phenology: Flowering spring–summer.
Habitat: Waste places, sandy shores
Elevation: 0-500 m

Distribution

V5 1054-distribution-map.gif

Introduced; Ala., Fla., Oreg., South America, in Europe, Australia

Discussion

Rumex cuneifolius, a representative of the predominantly South American subsection Cuneifolii Rechinger f., is an uncommon alien known from a few localities in North America. It may have become naturalized in the southwestern part of the United States, especially in coastal regions. The species is known definitely from Portland, Oregon, and was reported as “apparently well established in s.c. Oregon” (C. L. Hitchcock et al. 1955–1969, vol. 2).

This species may have been reported from Provo, Utah, by Á. Löve (1986), as Rumex frutescens. However, it is not mentioned by S. L.Welsh et al. (1993).

The name Rumex frutescens Thouars has been misapplied to R. cuneifolius in both Europe and North America. According to K. H. Rechinger (1990), R. frutescens in the narrow sense is an endemic species of the remote South Atlantic islands Tristan de Cuhna and Gough; it differs from R. cuneifolius in having thinner rhizomes, shorter petioles and leaf blades, and smaller inner tepals. Rumex cuneifolius can hybridize with some other species (J. E. Lousley 1953).

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"/2" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."+-2.5timesaslongasinnertepals" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Rumex cuneifolius"
unwinged +  and weakly winged +
dark reddish-brown;brown;glossy +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
pyramidal +, compressed-3-gonous +  and 3-gonous +
1.8mm;2.5mm +
yellow +  and brownish yellow +
ovate +  and elongate +
subacute;obtuse;rounded;obtuse +
Sergei L. Mosyakin +
Campderá +
30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br />) +
erect +  and ascending +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
not articulated +
cuneate +
crisped;undulate;flat;crisped;undulate;flat +
foliaceous +  and perfoliate +
scale-like +
tuberculate +
just below the soil surface or and above the soil surface +  and spreading +
Argentine or wedgeleaf dock +
Ala. +, Fla. +, Oreg. +, South America +, in Europe +  and Australia +
0-500 m +
free +  and distinct +
unisexual +, bisexual +  and , +
disarticulating +  and solid +
decumbent to erect +  and prostrate +
unwinged +  and winged +
black +, red +, brown +  and yellowish +
exserted +  and included +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
spheroidal +, 4-gonous +, lenticular +, biconvex +, discoid +, 3-gonous +  and 2-gonous +
Waste places, sandy shores +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
always distinctly wider and longer +
ovate-triangular +  and ovate-deltoid +
3mm +  and 3.5mm +
nonmembranous +
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
obovate-elliptic +  and obovate +
coriaceous +  and fleshy +
widest;3cm;5cm +
deciduous +
cauline +  and basal +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
entire +  and obscurely repand crisped or occasionally flat +
smaller +
narrower +
swollen +
partly +  and foliaceous +
deciduous +  and persistent +
cylindric +
membranous +
anatropous +, , +  and orthotropous +
accrescent +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
spreading;erect +
red;pinkish;red;pinkish;green +
campanulate +
accrescent +
fleshy +, indurate +  and membranous +
Flowering spring–summer. +
(2-)3(-4)-carpellate +
Monogr. Rumex, +
slender;stout +
1/2 +  and 2/3 +
Introduced +  and Illustrated +
30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br />) +
decumbent +  and procumbent +
erect +  and ascending +
papillose-pubescent +  and glabrous +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
plumose +  and fimbriate +
deciduous +  and persistent +
2-lobed +  and cylindric +
coriaceous +  and membranous +
distinct +
reflexed;spreading +
spreading;erect +
Undefined subg. Lapathum +, Rumex sect. Lapathum +  and Rumex subg. Lapathum +
Rumex cuneifolius +
Rumex sect. Axillares +
species +
lobed +  and laciniate +
coriaceous +
persistent +
membranous +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
stoloniferous +  and rhizomatous +
papillose-pubescent +  and glabrous +
10 +, 9 +, 8 +  and 7 +