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unequal to subequal, outer sometimes ± foliaceous, green zones usually diamond-shaped to lanceolate, apices sometimes foliaceous. Ray (or pistillate) florets

sometimes ± foliaceous, bases usually indurate, green zones usually diamond-shaped, sometimes lanceolate or apices foliaceous (faces usually hairy, sometimes

obovate, oblong, oblong-lingulate, oblongelliptic, or rarely orbicular or diamond-shaped, 1–14 mm; base decurrent or not; margins plane, green or yellow-green

branchlets and thus appearing ± stalked; scales persistent, elliptic to fan-shaped, thin, lacking apophysis and umbo; bracts included. Seeds winged; cotyledons

Symphyotrichum novae-angliae 37 Phyllaries unequal, not foliaceous (green zones diamond-shaped or lance-spatulate in distal 1/2), margins ciliate, sometimes also stipitate-glandular

Seeds globose to ovoid, oblong, cylindric, deltoid, pyramidal, or bottle-shaped; caruncle present or absent. x = 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. North America, Mexico,

hairs; corolla rotate, petals lavender-pink, spot purplish or absent, ± diamond-shaped, 10–25 mm, claw slender, equal to or longer than blade, entire; stamens

margins scarious, erose, hyaline, ciliolate distally, green zones mostly diamond-shaped to ± lanceolate (some inner, or most in var. geyeri), apices acute to

mat-forming, 0.1–0.2 m. Leaves: petiole 1–3 mm; blade narrow-elliptic (diamond-shaped), 0.8–1.2 × 0.4–0.7 cm. Phenology: Flowering winter–early spring. Habitat:

length of the middle internodes, solitary, appressed to ascending, often diamond-shaped in outline and arching outwards at maturity; disarticulation tardy,

Tepals dull greenish yellow, dark-dotted, nectaries widely elliptic to ± diamond-shaped, paler than tepals; s California. Fritillaria ojaiensis 10 Tepals greenish

× 2 mm, with single prominent vein. Leaves membranous, 1–2 mm; blade diamond-shaped, attached in middle, tapering to slender apex. Inflorescences in axillary

in basal 1/2–3/4, margins hyaline, scabrous proximally, green zones diamond-shaped, in distal 1/4–1/2, apices (outer) acute to obtuse, clear spine-tipped

hyaline, erose, distally scabroso-ciliolate to ciliolate, green zones diamond-shaped, in distal 1/5–1/3, apices (outer) obtuse to acute, appressed to squarrose

proximal 1/2–2/3, margins hyaline, scabrous proximally, green zones diamond-shaped, in distal 1/2, apices spine-tipped, (outer) spreading to reflexed or

(inner), unequal, bases indurate, distal green zones ± basally truncate to diamond-shaped, occupying distal 1/3, faces glandular-viscid. Receptacles slightly

petals lavender-pink or white, often with dark purplish spot, usually diamond-shaped, 5–15 mm, claw slender, equal to or longer than blade, entire; stamens

tepals purplish brown, clearly mottled yellow or white, oblong to ± diamond-shaped, 1–2.5 cm, margins flat to revolute, apex not recurved; nectaries obscure

sharp-pointed. Seed-cones 5–9 (–10) cm; scales variable, elliptic to narrowly diamond-shaped, 15–22 × 12–16mm, rather rigid, margin at apex erose, apex extending

indurate (appressed), margins ciliate to scabro-ciliate, green zones diamond-shaped to lanceolate, ± foliaceous distally, apices reflexed to squarrose,

obscure, yellowish green, spotted brownish, broadly lanceolate to ± diamond-shaped, 1/2–2/3 tepal length; style obviously branched for ca. 2/3 its length

green or yellow-green, contorted when dry, flat when moist, obovate, ± diamond-shaped or occasionally elliptic, 3–5 mm; base broadly long-decurrent; margins

or obscure, paler in color than rest of tepals, widely elliptic to ± diamond-shaped, 1/3 tepal length; style obviously branched for 1/2–2/3 its length,

rotate to bowl-shaped, petals pale-pink shading nearly white near base, purple-flecked, fading pink, oblanceolate or obovate to diamond-shaped, 6–10 mm; stamens

pale redbrown, nearly sessile or on stalks to 1cm; apophyses thickened, diamond-shaped, strongly keeled, elongate, mammillate at cone base abaxially; umbo

arranged in lat­eral pairs, pink, usually darker flecked, oblanceolate to diamond-shaped, scarcely clawed, 8–12 mm; stamens 8, unequal, outer anthers lavender

inflorescence, somewhat succulent; petiole 1–8 mm; blade ovate or ± diamond-shaped, 9–22 × 4–12 mm, base obtuse or ± cordate, margins entire or undulate

petals lavender-pink to salmon or dark reddish purple, triangular or diamond-shaped to suborbiculate, 10–25 mm, claw slender, equal to or longer than blade

petals lavender-pink, usually with dark purplish spot near base, ± diamond-shaped, 13–15 mm, claw slender, equal to or longer than blade, entire; stamens

sheath fronts membranous or herbaceous and not differentiated; blades V-shaped in cross-section when young, smooth, sometimes minutely papillose. Inflorescences

T-shaped hairs > 8 7 Perianths 17-52 mm, limbs white, cream, or greenish yellow; leaf blades lanceolate, ovate, ovate-oblong, or ± diamond-shaped; at

sometimes ciliolate, often stipitate-glandular, green zones lanceolate to diamond-shaped, covering distal portion (outer), apices acuminate, spreading to reflexed

apex spine-tipped. Seed-cones (5–) 6–11 (–12) cm; scales elliptic to diamond-shaped, widest below middle, 15–22 × 10–15mm, rather stiff, margin at apex

on all surfaces, apex blunt-tipped. Seed-cones (10–) 12–16cm; scales diamond-shaped, widest near middle, 18–30 × 15–20mm, thin and flexuous, margin at apex

hookeri 1 Plants prostrate, mat-forming; leaf blades narrow-elliptic (diamond-shaped), 0.8-1.2 × 0.4-0.7 cm; petioles 1-3 mm; San Luis Obispo County. Arctostaphylos

margins scarious, erose, hyaline, ciliolate, green zones lanceolate to diamond-shaped (midveins below green zone sometimes inflated and brownish), apices

1/2–3/4, margins scarious, erose, hyaline, ciliolate, apical green zones diamond-shaped, apices acute to acuminate or caudate (then tips often involute), mucronulate

scarious, erose, hyaline, sometimes sparsely ciliolate, green zones diamond-shaped to lanceolate, apices acute to long-acuminate, involute, spreading,

margins hyaline proximally, outer distally hispido-scabrous, green zones diamond-shaped, restricted to distal 1/2–1/4, apices (outer) spreading to reflexed

bases (tan) ± indurate, margins hyaline, finely scabrous, green zones diamond-shaped, in distal 1/4–1/2, apices obtuse, mucronate to finely subspinulose

nearly to collar, narrow hyaline band or sharp Y-shaped region at collar, adaxially firm, summits U-shaped; distal ligules 1.6–3.3 mm; blades 2–5 per fertile

Association Leaf-blades 3.2–7 mm wide at widest. Perigynia ovatelanceolate or diamond-shaped, (3.3–) 3.6–5.4 × 1.1–1.5 mm, 3–5 times as long as wide, margin flat

on all surfaces, apex sharp-pointed. Seed-cones 3–7 (–8) cm; scales diamond-shaped to elliptic, widest above middle, 13–20 × 9–16mm, flexuous, margin at

yellowbrown, sessile to short-stalked, apophyses thickened, strongly raised, diamond-shaped, transversely keeled, umbo subcentral, low-pyramidal or sunken, blunt

scarious, erose, hyaline, sparsely ciliolate, green zones lanceolate to ± diamond-shaped, apical, apices (often red-tipped) acute to obtuse-acuminate or acuminate

Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 225. 1803. George W. Argus Common names: Missouri or diamond or heart-leaf willow IllustratedEndemic Synonyms: Salix angustata Pursh

times as long as wide. Phyllaries strongly unequal, apical green zones diamond-shaped. 2n = 48. Phenology: Flowering (Jul–)Aug–Oct. Habitat: Open, dry habitats

times as long as wide. Phyllaries strongly unequal, apical green zones diamond-shaped. 2n = 48. Phenology: Flowering Sep–Oct. Habitat: Dry, open places, prairies

times as long as wide. Phyllaries strongly unequal, apical green zones diamond-shaped. 2n = 48. Phenology: Flowering Sep–Oct. Habitat: Dry open woods, mostly

indurate 1/2–2/3, margins scarious, erose, hyaline, ciliolate, green zones diamond-shaped to lanceolate, apices acute to acuminate or obtuse, often ± involute

hyaline or sometimes reddish, ± ciliolate, green zones lanceolate to ± diamond-shaped, apices (outer) acute, callus-pointed, (mid) acute to acuminate, or

unequal, membranous, bases indurate, rounded, dark green zones diffusely diamond-shaped to lanceolate in distal 1/3–2/3 (outer, seldom foliaceous) to 1/5 or

they are, the petals are very long, broad, and conspicuously obovate-diamond-shaped. In large clonal clumps of T. albidum, the larger and more mature offsets

Climatic instability, time lags, and community disequilibrium. In: J. Diamond and T. J. Case, eds. 1986. Community Ecology. New York. Pp. 269--284. Davis