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  • Asteraceae (section Key to Genera of Group 3 Heads radiate; receptacles paleate; pappi none or nearly so)
    or just distal to bases of blades. Such leaves are described as 3-nerved, 3(–5)-nerved, 5-nerved, etc., and, as appropriate, the phrases “from bases” or
    275 KB (5,940 words) - 15:30, 15 December 2020
  • Brassicaceae (section Key to Genera of Group 3)
    capsular, usually 2-valved ((3 or) 4 (–6) in Rorippa barbareifolia, (2 or) 4 in Tropidocarpum capparideum), termed siliques if length 3+ times width, or silicles
    107 KB (3,718 words) - 12:07, 30 July 2020
  • Polygonaceae subfam. Eriogonoideae
    Napier, Encycl. Brit. ed. 7, 5: 126. 1832. James L. Reveal Common names: Wild Buckwheat Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 218. Mentioned
    21 KB (927 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
  • Onagraceae
    petiolate; blade margins usually entire, toothed, or pinnately lobed, rarely bipinnately lobed. Inflorescences axillary, flowers solitary, leafy spikes, racemes
    19 KB (805 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
  • Asteraceae tribe Cichorieae
    second-order heads]. Calyculi 0 or of 1–15+ bractlets in 1–3+ series. Phyllaries usually persistent, usually in 3–5+ series, distinct, and unequal, sometimes in 1–2
    30 KB (805 words) - 20:06, 29 July 2020
  • Orobanchaceae
    androecium hypogynous; sepals (0 or) 2–5 (–8), connate, calyx radially or bilaterally symmetric; petals [4 or] 5, connate, corolla bilaterally symmetric
    19 KB (841 words) - 19:24, 29 July 2020
  • Asteraceae tribe Anthemideae
    sessile; margins usually 1–3-palmately or pinnately lobed (ultimate segments usually linear to filiform), sometimes not lobed, margins dentate or entire
    23 KB (1,089 words) - 20:43, 29 July 2020
  • Euphorbiaceae
    pistil 1, (1–) 3–5 (–20) -carpellate, ovary superior, (1–) 3–5 (–20) -locular, placentation axile; ovules 1 per locule, anatropous; styles 1–5 (–9), distinct
    24 KB (1,347 words) - 18:25, 29 July 2020
  • Castilleja
    lateral clefts absent and calyx 2-lobed, or lateral clefts slightly deeper than abaxial and adaxial (C. plagiotoma); petals 5, corolla white to pale greenish
    79 KB (2,746 words) - 18:50, 29 July 2020
  • Orchidaceae
    gynoecium 3-carpellate, connate, forming compound, inferior, 1-locular or 3-locular ovary; style variously adnate to filaments; stigmas usually 3-lobed, concave
    41 KB (2,210 words) - 05:19, 30 July 2020
  • Ranunculus
    Flowers bisexual, radially symmetric; sepals sometimes persistent in fruit, 3-5 (-6), green or sometimes purple, yellow, or white, plane (base saccate in
    15 KB (560 words) - 08:33, 30 July 2020
  • Polygonaceae
    James L. Reveal Common names: Buckwheat Family Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 216. Mentioned on page 217, 483, 528, 535, 602. Trees, shrubs
    23 KB (1,508 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
  • Ranunculaceae
    Bruce D. Parfitt Common names: Crowfoot Family Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Treatment on page 85. Herbs, sometimes woody or herbaceous climbers or low
    13 KB (392 words) - 08:32, 30 July 2020
  • Ericaceae
    Vaccinioideae); hypanthium absent; sepals absent or (2–) 4–5 (–7), distinct or connate basally; petals (2–) 4–5 (–8), rarely absent or highly reduced, connate or
    33 KB (1,383 words) - 13:10, 30 July 2020
  • Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae
    Calyculi 0 or of 1–15+ bractlets. Phyllaries persistent or falling, usually in 3–5+ series, usually distinct (sometimes connate and forming hardened perigynia
    30 KB (1,803 words) - 22:30, 29 July 2020
  • Saxifragaceae
    to base in Tolmiea); sepals usually (4–) 5 (–6), distinct; petals usually (4–) 5 (–6) or absent, distinct, lobed or unlobed; nectary disc often encircling
    27 KB (1,591 words) - 13:14, 30 July 2020
  • Asteraceae tribe Astereae
    sometimes borne singly. Calyculi 0. Phyllaries persistent or falling, usually in 3–5+ series (usually in spirals, sometimes in vertical ranks), distinct, unequal
    79 KB (1,886 words) - 20:55, 29 July 2020
  • Mentzelia
    present or absent; pistil 3-carpellate (5–7-carpellate in M. decapetala), placentae parietal; stigma lingulate, 3-lobed (5–7-lobed in M. decapetala), papillate
    16 KB (1,025 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
  • Erigeron (section Group 3)
    arrays. Involucres turbinate to hemispheric, 5–35 mm diam. Phyllaries 30–125 (–150) in 2–5 series, 1-nerved or 3-nerved (nerves golden-resinous; usually flat
    97 KB (2,063 words) - 21:58, 29 July 2020
  • Plantaginaceae
    radially or bilaterally symmetric; petals 0 (Callitriche, Hippuris) or (3 or) 4 or 5, connate, corolla radially or bilaterally symmetric, ± bilabiate, bilabiate
    26 KB (1,000 words) - 19:24, 29 July 2020
  • Loasaceae
    dendritic, and/or (3) stinging. Leaves alternate [opposite], simple; stipules absent; petiole present or absent; blade sometimes lobed, margins entire, serrate
    12 KB (698 words) - 18:33, 29 July 2020
  • Polygonaceae subfam. Polygonoideae
    1836. Craig C. Freeman Common names: Knotweed Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 479. Mentioned on page 216, 217, 218. Trees, shrubs, vines
    17 KB (813 words) - 10:04, 30 July 2020
  • Asteraceae tribe Cardueae
    enlarged, usually 5-lobed, sometimes zygomorphic and raylike or ± 2-lipped). Peripheral (pistillate) florets 0 or (in disciform heads) in 1–3+ series; corollas
    15 KB (836 words) - 20:05, 29 July 2020
  • Papaveraceae
    Sanguinaria, Stylomecon, Stylophorum A. L. Jussieu Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Treatment on page 300. Herbs or subshrubs, shrubs, or small trees, annual
    12 KB (425 words) - 08:26, 30 July 2020
  • Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Helianthinae
    sessile; blades (often 3-nerved or 5-nerved) orbiculate or deltate to lanceolate or linear (and intermediate shapes), sometimes lobed, ultimate margins entire
    10 KB (633 words) - 23:14, 29 July 2020
  • Agavaceae
    parietal placentation; style included or exserted; stigmas 1 or 3, 3-lobed or capitate; pedicel usually distinct, articulate or not, rarely absent. Fruits
    13 KB (701 words) - 06:10, 30 July 2020
  • Phrymaceae
    and androecium hypogynous; sepals (3 or) 4 or 5, proximally connate, calyx radially or bilaterally symmetric; petals 3–5, proximally connate, corolla bilaterally
    12 KB (626 words) - 18:58, 29 July 2020
  • Malvaceae
    sometimes deciduous (Malvoideae, Sterculioideae), (4–) 5 (–8), distinct or connate; petals 4 or 5 (absent in Bombacoideae and Sterculioideae, rarely absent
    10 KB (850 words) - 11:21, 30 July 2020
  • Packera
    cymiform, or subumbelliform arrays. Calyculi 0 or 1–5+ bractlets. Involucres campanulate to cylindric, 5–12 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, usually 8, 13
    40 KB (1,171 words) - 21:16, 29 July 2020
  • Caryophyllaceae
    or 3-5 locular, placentation free-central, basal, or axile in proximal half; ovules mostly campylotropous, bitegmic, crassinucellate; styles 1-5 (-6)
    29 KB (1,113 words) - 10:14, 30 July 2020
  • Asteraceae tribe Eupatorieae
    alternate; usually petiolate, sometimes sessile; blade margins entire, toothed, lobed, or dissected. Heads homogamous (usually discoid [radiant]), usually in corymbiform
    17 KB (728 words) - 22:41, 29 July 2020
  • Malvaceae subfam. Malvoideae
    stamens 5–many, filaments connate; anthers 1-thecate; staminodes absent or 5 teeth at apex of staminal column; gynoecium syncarpous, ovary superior, 3–40-carpellate;
    20 KB (532 words) - 11:23, 30 July 2020
  • Liliaceae
    of 3, or those of outer whorl narrower, greener, more sepaloid; tepal nectaries often present; stamens 6, rarely 3 or 4, sometimes 3 fertile and 3 staminodial
    29 KB (1,493 words) - 05:37, 30 July 2020
  • Sida
    Sida ulmifolia, Sida urens Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 683. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 306. 1754. Paul A. Fryxell†, Steven R. Hill Common names: Fanpetals wireweed
    13 KB (672 words) - 11:32, 30 July 2020
  • Silene
    1-locular or 3–5-locular; styles 3 or 5, occasionally 4 (absent in staminate flowers), filiform, 1.5–20 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 3 or 5, occasionally
    36 KB (1,364 words) - 10:24, 30 July 2020
  • Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Gaillardiinae
    Treatment on page 415. Mentioned on page 3, 5, 309, 456. Annuals, biennials, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, 3–160 cm. Leaves basal, basal and cauline
    13 KB (688 words) - 22:34, 29 July 2020
  • Chenopodiaceae
    petals absent; stamens absent or 1–5, usually as many as and opposite perianth lobes; pistils absent or (1–) 2 (–3); styles 1–3, sometimes with stylopodium;
    21 KB (878 words) - 09:28, 30 July 2020
  • Atriplex (section Key 3)
    flowers with 3–5-parted calyx, ebracteate; stamens 3–5. Pistillate flowers lacking perianth, pistil naked, or in few species with (1–) 3–5-lobed perianth,
    45 KB (1,022 words) - 09:34, 30 July 2020
  • Crataegus
    constricted at disc except for opening, 2–6 mm wide; sepals 5, spreading, triangular; petals 5, white, sometimes pale cream (ser. Montaninsulae) or pale-pink
    26 KB (2,400 words) - 15:31, 15 December 2020
  • Rosaceae
    cylindric to funnelform or urceolate; sepals (0–) 4 or 5 (–10), distinct, free; petals (0–) 4 or 5 (–12, rarely more in double ornamentals), distinct, free;
    23 KB (1,553 words) - 13:58, 30 July 2020
  • Polygalaceae
    or deciduous, 5, imbricate in bud, unequal with 3 outer sepals, 1 upper and 2 lower (these 2 sometimes connate and appearing as 1 or 2-lobed), 2 lateral
    16 KB (1,157 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
  • Salicaceae
    distinct or connate; stigmas 2–4, truncate, notched-capitate, or 2-lobed or 3-lobed. Fruits capsular, baccate, or drupaceous. Seeds sometimes surrounded
    14 KB (933 words) - 11:54, 30 July 2020
  • Rosaceae tribe Potentilleae
    hypanthium) > 4 3 Herbs perennial; leaves basal, blades reniform to orbiculate, palmately lobed, sometimes palmately compound; stamens 4. Alchemilla 3 Herbs annual;
    9 KB (450 words) - 13:53, 30 July 2020
  • Allium
    ovary superior, 3-lobed, sometimes crested with processes, 3-locular, usually 2 ovules per locule (6–8 in A. nigrum), crest processes 3 or 6, smooth except
    43 KB (1,553 words) - 05:48, 30 July 2020
  • Grossulariaceae
    sepals usually 5 (R. speciosum 4), connate proximally; petals usually 5 (R. speciosum 4), distinct; nectary disc present; stamens (4–) 5, antisepalous,
    7 KB (319 words) - 13:12, 30 July 2020
  • Delphinium
    ± 2-lobed, clawed, 2-12 mm, nectary absent; stamens 25-40; filaments with base expanded; staminodes absent between stamens and pistils; pistils 3 (-5)
    9 KB (574 words) - 08:34, 30 July 2020
  • Viola
    species or scapose from rhizomes or stolons in acaulescent species, 1 (–3) [–5] -flowered; peduncles not jointed; bracteoles present. Flowers: sepals entire
    39 KB (2,374 words) - 11:16, 30 July 2020
  • Sphaeralcea
    threadlike extension of dorsal vein. Seeds 1 or 2 (or 3) per mericarp, glabrous or slightly pubescent. x = 5. w, c North America, Mexico, South America (Argentina)
    14 KB (589 words) - 11:36, 30 July 2020
  • Oenothera
    with basal scale (sect. Gaura), 0.3–0.5 mm, scales nearly closing mouth of floral-tube, pollen shed singly; ovary (3 or) 4-locular or septa incomplete
    26 KB (2,106 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
  • Poaceae tribe Cynodonteae
    exceeding the distal florets; lemmas 1-3-veined or 7-13-veined, rarely 5-veined, if with 7-13 veins, the veins often in 3 groups; lodicules 2, or absent, x
    34 KB (1,217 words) - 04:33, 30 July 2020
  • Artemisia
    flabellate, or spatulate, usually pinnately and/or palmately lobed, sometimes apically ± 3-lobed or toothed, or entire, faces glabrous or hairy (hairs multicelled
    14 KB (1,396 words) - 20:45, 29 July 2020
  • Quercus sect. Quercus
    Volume 3. Trees or shrubs, evergreen or deciduous. Bark nearly white, gray, brown, or black, smooth, scaly, flaky, or rarely furrowed. Leaf-blade lobed or
    27 KB (606 words) - 08:45, 30 July 2020
  • Cucurbitaceae
    campanulate, salverform, or funnelform; stamens (2–) 3–5, with 4 mostly connate in pairs, appearing as only (1–) 3 stamens; anthers connate or distinct, pepos,
    19 KB (877 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
  • Poaceae
    the major veins; lodicules (0) 2-3, inconspicuous, usually without veins, bases swelling at anthesis; stamens usually 3, sometimes 1 (2) or 6+, filaments
    35 KB (1,876 words) - 02:36, 30 July 2020
  • Perityle
    distally alternate; petiolate or sessile; blades usually 3-lobed, ultimate margins entire, toothed, or lobed. Heads radiate or discoid, borne singly or in corymbiform
    8 KB (548 words) - 23:47, 29 July 2020
  • Clarkia
    yellow, blue-gray, lavender, or red, shed singly; ovary 4-locular, stigma 4-lobed, commissural, lobes receptive only on dry, unicellular-papillose inner surfaces
    19 KB (745 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
  • Chorizanthe
    abaxially; tepals (5–) 6, connate 2/3 their length, monomorphic or dimorphic, entire, emarginate, or lobed to laciniate apically; stamens 3, 6, or 9, or variously
    23 KB (1,142 words) - 10:54, 30 July 2020
  • Cistaceae
    cleistogamous; sepals persistent or tardily falling, 3–5; petals usually caducous [marcescent], usually 3–5, sometimes 0 in cleistogamous flowers, imbricate
    9 KB (407 words) - 11:39, 30 July 2020
  • Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Chaenactidinae
    funnelform throats, lobes 5, deltate to linear; anther thecae pale; stigmatic papillae in 2 lines. Cypselae mostly obpyramidal and 4–5-angled, sometimes clavate
    17 KB (818 words) - 23:57, 29 July 2020
  • Crassulaceae
    perigynous; hypanthium present; sepals (3–) 4–5 (–12) [–30+], distinct or connate basally (or into tube); petals (3–) 4–5 (–12) [–30+], distinct or connate basally
    18 KB (1,028 words) - 12:59, 30 July 2020
  • Senecio (section Group 3. Integerrimi (spp. 21–24) etc)
    intermediate shapes), rarely suborbiculate (sometimes palmately or pinnately lobed to 2–3-pinnatifid), ultimate margins entire or denticulate to serrate or toothed
    30 KB (1,295 words) - 21:10, 29 July 2020
  • Violaceae
    solid or hollow; stigma 1 [3–5], with or without hairs. Fruits capsular [berry, nut], 3-valved, dehiscence loculicidal. Seeds [1–] (3–) 6–75, hard, embryo not
    13 KB (963 words) - 11:16, 30 July 2020
  • Artemisia subg. Artemisia
    Receptacles glabrous (paleate in A. palmeri). Florets: usually peripheral 3–20 pistillate and fertile (0 pistillate in A. nesiotica, A. palmeri); central
    11 KB (598 words) - 20:49, 29 July 2020
  • Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Coreopsidinae
    funnelform throats (longer than throats in some Thelesperma spp.), lobes (3–) 5, ± deltate to lanceovate; (staminal filaments hairy in Cosmos) anther thecae
    12 KB (744 words) - 23:22, 29 July 2020
  • Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Ecliptinae
    Mentioned on page 6, 7, 8, 43, 135. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, (3–) 10–200 (–400+) [2500+] cm. Leaves usually cauline, sometimes mostly basal
    21 KB (800 words) - 22:59, 29 July 2020
  • Poaceae tribe Triticeae
    membranous to coriaceous, sometimes keeled, 5 (7) -veined, veins not converging distally, inconspicuous, apices entire, lobed, or toothed, unawned or awned, awns
    19 KB (1,548 words) - 02:55, 30 July 2020
  • Sidalcea
    cauline leaves: blades 3-lobed, lobes obovate, apically 2–5-toothed, teeth subequal; calyces usually glandular; mericarps usually with 1–5 minute proximal apical
    21 KB (668 words) - 11:33, 30 July 2020
  • Scrophulariaceae
    Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 324. Mentioned on page 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 12, 325, 332, 334, 338, 352, 363, 371, 453, 456. Shrubs, subshrubs
    15 KB (926 words) - 19:11, 29 July 2020
  • Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Peritylinae
    sometimes cordate, linear, reniform, rhombic, orbiculate, or ovate, often 3-lobed to pinnatisect, ultimate margins subentire to doubly serrate, faces glabrous
    7 KB (521 words) - 23:47, 29 July 2020
  • Cirsium (section Group 3: Small-headed Cirsium species of Pacific Coast, Intermountain Region, southwestern deserts, and Rocky Mountains)
    basal and cauline; finely bristly-dentate to coarsely dentate or 1–3 times pinnately lobed, teeth and lobes bristly-tipped, faces green and glabrous or densely
    60 KB (2,205 words) - 13:43, 10 February 2021
  • Ceanothus subg. Ceanothus
    when young, stomata on abaxial surface not in crypts; pinnately veined or 3-veined from base. Inflorescences usually racemelike or paniclelike, sometimes
    15 KB (437 words) - 18:13, 29 July 2020
  • Quercus
    Protobalanus, Quercus sect. Quercus Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 994. 175. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 431. 1754. Kevin C. Nixon Common names: Oak chêne Etymology: Classical Latin
    13 KB (1,271 words) - 08:47, 30 July 2020
  • Ranunculus sect. Epirotes
    deciduous soon after anthesis, 5; petals yellow (rarely absent in R. pedatifidus); nectary scale joined with petal on 3 sides, forming pocket enclosing
    12 KB (526 words) - 08:22, 30 July 2020
  • Lepidium
    tiehmii, Lepidium virginicum Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 643. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 291. 1754. Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, John F. Gaskin Common names: Peppergrass 
    29 KB (1,412 words) - 12:33, 30 July 2020
  • Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Pectidinae
    21. Treatment on page 221. Mentioned on page 5, 222, 364. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, (1–) 5–50 (–120+) [200+] cm. Leaves mostly cauline
    11 KB (674 words) - 23:30, 29 July 2020
  • Argemone
    or more; pistil 3-5 (-7) -carpellate; ovary 1-locular; style short, to 3 mm in fruit; stigma 3-5 (-7) -lobed. Capsules erect, 3-5 (-7) -valved, grooved over
    14 KB (554 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
  • Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Ambrosiinae
    page 3, 6. Annuals, biennials, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs (usually taprooted, perennating bases sometimes woody, sometimes rhizomes), mostly 3–150
    16 KB (907 words) - 23:04, 29 July 2020
  • Chenopodium
    bisexual and lateral flowers female), bracteoles absent; perianth segments (3–) 5, usually connate at base, sometimes almost to middle or beyond, not imbricate
    19 KB (716 words) - 09:29, 30 July 2020
  • Cordylanthus
    alternate; petiole absent; blade not fleshy, not leathery, margins entire or 3–7-lobed. Inflorescences terminal, spikes or flowers solitary, often capitate; bracts
    10 KB (460 words) - 18:57, 29 July 2020
  • Oxalis
    purple, or violet; stamens: filaments 5 long and 5 short, alternating with one another, or equal length. x = (5–) 7 (–12). North America, Mexico, West
    23 KB (1,013 words) - 18:29, 29 July 2020
  • Iridaceae
    equal or unequal whorls of 3 tepals each [1 whorl of 6]; tepals usually large, showy, distinct or connate in tube; stamens 3 [2], inserted at base of outer
    15 KB (556 words) - 06:04, 30 July 2020
  • Potentilla
    Flowers (5–) 8–20 (–26) mm diam.; epicalyx bractlets (4 or) 5 (–10); hypanthium patelliform to cupulate, rarely turbinate, 0.5–2.5 (–5) × (1.5–) 2–7 (–10)
    31 KB (1,939 words) - 13:53, 30 July 2020
  • Trillium
    portion 3-locular, 3-lobed or 6-lobed, some axile, some parietal or a combination of both, distal portion forming stigmas; stigmas often persistent, 3, spreading
    30 KB (822 words) - 06:13, 30 July 2020
  • Streptanthus
    Streptanthus vernalis, Streptanthus vimineus Nuttall J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 5: 134, plate 7. 1825. Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz Common names: Jewel-flower Etymology:
    23 KB (1,011 words) - 12:00, 30 July 2020
  • Rudbeckia
    persistent, of 2–5 (–10) dissimilar, distinct or connate scales in ± 1 series: 0–5+ oblong to lanceolate, erose-truncate or laciniate plus 0–2 (–5) longer, subulate
    11 KB (696 words) - 15:28, 15 December 2020
  • Coreopsis
    lobes and contrast markedly with later (distal) leaves 1–3 cm that are undivided or have 3–5+ lanceolate to linear or filiform lobes. Cultivars (often
    12 KB (827 words) - 23:22, 29 July 2020
  • Arctostaphylos
    Flowers bisexual; sepals persistent, 5 (4 in A. nummularia, A. sensitiva), distinct, ovate to deltate; petals 5 (4 in A. nummularia, A. sensitiva), connate
    41 KB (2,034 words) - 13:11, 30 July 2020
  • Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Baeriinae
    Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 335. Mentioned on page 3, 5, 255, 336, 364. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, 1–200 cm. Leaves
    11 KB (627 words) - 23:52, 29 July 2020
  • Anemone
    black (never white) rhizomes with a 3-5 mm diameter in contrast to the 5 sepals and white or black rhizomes with 1-3 mmdiameter of A. quinquefolia. Protoanemonin
    19 KB (1,214 words) - 15:30, 15 December 2020
  • Salix
    Salix, Salix subg. Vetrix Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 1015. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 447. 1754. George W. Argus Common names: Willow saule Etymology: Latin name
    35 KB (4,327 words) - 12:03, 30 July 2020
  • Crepis
    mostly diploid (n = 3, 4, 5, or 6). Babcock concluded that there was a progressive decrease in the chromosome numbers, from n = 6 to n = 3. Along with the
    18 KB (964 words) - 20:06, 29 July 2020
  • Saxifraga
    hypanthium free from or 1/4–3/4 adnate to ovary, free from ovary to 0.5 mm, green or pink to purple, (0.1–4 mm); sepals 5, green, sometimes reddish at
    21 KB (1,151 words) - 12:59, 30 July 2020
  • Epilobium
    4-locular, style erect, stigma entire and clavate to capitate, or deeply 4-lobed, commissural, receptive only on inner surfaces, surface dry with multicellular
    32 KB (1,609 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
  • Ranunculus sect. Ranunculus
    Whittemore Synonyms: Ranunculus sect. Chrysanthe Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Plants usually ± hispid, sometimes glabrous. Stems erect to decumbent, sometimes
    12 KB (516 words) - 08:37, 30 July 2020
  • Ivesia
    diam.; epicalyx bractlets (0–) 5; hypanthium patelliform to campanulate or cupulate to turbinate, 0.5–3 (–4) mm; sepals 5 (usually 4 in I. campestris),
    19 KB (1,253 words) - 14:03, 30 July 2020
  • Vitaceae
    androecium hypogynous; hypanthium absent; sepals 4–5 (–9), connate most or all of length; petals (3–) 4–5 (–9), distinct (connate distally, forming calyptra
    10 KB (550 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
  • Perityle sect. Laphamia
    crevices). Involucres funnelform, campanulate, or hemispheric, 5–11 × 3.5–14 mm. Ray-florets 0, or 3–5, or 6–18; corollas yellow. Disc-florets 9–200; corollas
    11 KB (583 words) - 23:49, 29 July 2020
  • Eupatorium
    Involucres obconic to ellipsoid, 1–3 (–5+) mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 7–15+ in 2–3 (–4+) series, (usually green) 2–3-nerved, or not notably nerved, or
    17 KB (791 words) - 22:42, 29 July 2020
  • Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Madiinae
    Treatment on page 254. Mentioned on page 3, 5, 6, 76, 255, 257, 300, 301, 306. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, (0.5–) 1–250 cm. Leaves mostly basal,
    15 KB (799 words) - 23:36, 29 July 2020
  • Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Rudbeckiinae
    Calyculi 0. Involucres hemispheric to rotate. Phyllaries persistent, (5–) 15–30+ in 1–3 series (distinct, elliptic, lanceolate, linear, ovate, or triangular
    9 KB (600 words) - 23:53, 29 July 2020
  • Papaver
    placental intrusion; style absent; stigmas 3-18 [-22], radiating on sessile, ± lobed disc, velvety. Capsules erect, 3-18 [-22] -pored or short-valved immediately
    11 KB (522 words) - 08:35, 30 July 2020
  • Commelinaceae
    ovary superior, 2–3-locular; ovules 1-seriate [2-seriate]; style 1, simple, usually slender; stigma 1, simple [rarely slightly 3-lobed], enlarged or not
    10 KB (456 words) - 00:54, 30 July 2020
  • Rudbeckia sect. Rudbeckia
    sometimes glanddotted; styles 3–5+ mm, branches 1–1.8 mm, proximal 1/2–4/5 stigmatic, apices acute to rounded. Cypselae 1.5–3.5 (–4) mm; pappi usually coroniform
    10 KB (649 words) - 22:36, 29 July 2020
  • Cardamine
    rosulate or not, petiolate, blade margins entire, toothed, or 1–3-pinnatisect, or palmately lobed, sometimes trifoliolate, pinnately, palmately, or bipinnately
    23 KB (1,239 words) - 12:23, 30 July 2020
  • Persicaria
    tepals 4–5, connate 1/4–2/3 their lengths (less than 1/5 their lengths in P. wallichii), petaloid, dimorphic, outer larger than inner; stamens 5–8, filaments
    10 KB (671 words) - 10:11, 30 July 2020
  • Ambrosia
    perigynium or “bur”); florets 1 (–5+), corollas 0. Staminate heads: involucres cupshaped to saucer-shaped, 1.5–6+ mm diam.; phyllaries 5–16+ in ± 1 series, ± connate;
    16 KB (728 words) - 23:11, 29 July 2020
  • Clematis
    Leaf-blade undivided or 1-3-pinnately or ternately compound; leaf or leaflets cordate to orbiculate, oblong, lanceolate, or oblanceolate, lobed or unlobed, margins
    9 KB (493 words) - 08:33, 30 July 2020
  • Helianthus
    sometimes campanulate or cylindric, 5–40+ (–200+ in cultivars) mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 11–40 (–100+ in cultivars) in 2–3+ series (subequal to unequal)
    32 KB (1,118 words) - 23:14, 29 July 2020
  • Veronica
    leathery (except V. fruticans), margins entire, dentate, serrate, 3–5-pinnately lobed, 3–7 pinnatifid, or ± palmatifid. Inflorescences terminal and/or axillary
    20 KB (967 words) - 19:23, 29 July 2020
  • Poaceae tribe Stipeae
    coriaceous or indurate, 3-5-veined, veins inconspicuous, apices entire, bilobed, or bifid, awned, lemma-awn junction usually conspicuous, awns 0.3-30 cm, not branched
    18 KB (1,356 words) - 02:45, 30 July 2020
  • Quercus sect. Lobatae
    appears in FNA Volume 3. Trees or shrubs, evergreen or deciduous. Bark gray to dark-brown or black, smooth or furrowed. Leaf-blade lobed or unlobed, margins
    23 KB (617 words) - 08:21, 30 July 2020
  • Phyllanthus
    (4–) 5–6, connate basally; petals 0; nectary annular to cupular, entire or lobed, or distinct glands [absent]; pistil 3 (–4) -carpellate; styles 3 (–4)
    16 KB (864 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
  • Orobanche
    for their usually four-lobed or -toothed calyces and spicate inflorescences. Members of the two New World sections have five-lobed calyces and a variety
    22 KB (1,669 words) - 19:24, 29 July 2020
  • Draba (section Group 3)
    rarely sessile, blade margins usually entire or toothed, rarely pinnately lobed; cauline (when present), petiolate or sessile, blade (base cuneate [auriculate])
    85 KB (2,094 words) - 12:08, 30 July 2020
  • Polygonum
    or greenish white to pink, campanulate to urceolate, glabrous; tepals 5, connate 3–70% of their length, petaloid or sepaloid, monomorphic or, rarely, dimorphic
    11 KB (904 words) - 10:08, 30 July 2020
  • Sapotaceae
    anthers dehiscent by longitudinal slits; pistils 1, [1–] 3–12 [–30] -carpellate; ovary superior, [1–] 3–12 [–15] -locular; placentation axile, basal, or basiventral;
    9 KB (373 words) - 13:04, 30 July 2020
  • Bidens
    Disc-florets (5–) 12–60 (–150+), bisexual, fertile; corollas usually yellow to orange, sometimes whitish [purplish], tubes shorter than throats, lobes (3–) 5, ± deltate
    22 KB (1,036 words) - 23:27, 29 July 2020
  • Passiflora
    projection; stamens 5 [8], usually alternate with petals, borne on short-to-elongate androgynophore; anthers dorsifixed, versatile; ovary 3 [–5] -carpellate,
    19 KB (1,406 words) - 11:20, 30 July 2020
  • Fagaceae
    cupules bearing 1-3 (-15 or more) pistillate flowers. Staminate flowers bracteate, bracts often caducous; sepals (3-) 4-6 (-8); stamens (3-) 6-12 (-18 or
    13 KB (591 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
  • Rubus
    Kalkman]), 5–80 mm diam.; hypanthium 3–10 mm diam., glabrous or sparsely to densely pubescent, eglandular or sparsely to densely glandular; sepals 5, erect
    35 KB (2,155 words) - 15:31, 15 December 2020
  • Limnanthes
    stamens; stamens 8 or 10; ovary 4 or 5-lobed. Fruits nutlets, obovoid or subglobose, smooth, ridged, or tuberculate. x = 5. w North America Species 7 (7 in
    10 KB (1,122 words) - 12:04, 30 July 2020
  • Botrychium
    laterally, yellowish to black, 0.5–2 mm diam., smooth or with corky ridges, not proliferous. Stems upright, forming caudex to 5 mm thick; gemmae absent or minute
    19 KB (579 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
  • Limnanthaceae
    rotate; perianth and androecium hypogynous; sepals usually persistent, 3 or 5 (4 in Limnanthes macounii), distinct or slightly connate basally, equal
    9 KB (382 words) - 12:04, 30 July 2020
  • Rudbeckia sect. Macrocline
    abaxially glanddotted; styles 3–7 mm, branches 1–2.2 mm, proximal 2/3–4/5 stigmatic, apices acute to rounded. Cypselae (3–) 3.5–7.5 mm; pappi usually coroniform
    12 KB (678 words) - 23:55, 29 July 2020
  • Hymenoxys
    urceolate, (2.5–) 6–32 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent (or inner falling), usually (6–) 16–30 (–40) in 2 series and unequal, sometimes 28–50 in 2–3 series and
    15 KB (1,046 words) - 22:37, 29 July 2020
  • Malvaceae subfam. Byttnerioideae
    197. Herbs, subshrubs, shrubs [trees]. Leaf-blades usually unlobed, rarely lobed (Hermannia), margins serrate, dentate, or entire. Inflorescences axillary
    4 KB (211 words) - 11:22, 30 July 2020
  • Chaenactis
    Involucres hemispheric to obconic or broadly cylindric, (3–) 5–15 [–25] mm diam. Phyllaries 5–21+ in 1–2 (–3) series (subequal to unequal). Receptacles convex
    11 KB (947 words) - 22:31, 29 July 2020
  • Mentzelia sect. Trachyphytum
    heteromorphic, 5 outermost dorsiventrally flattened, linear or elliptic, not petaloid, inner filiform, usually unlobed, rarely distally 2-lobed; ovules (and
    16 KB (899 words) - 18:19, 29 July 2020
  • Lauraceae
    perigynous; tepals 6 (-9), in 2 (-3) whorls of 3, sepaloid, equal or rarely unequal, if unequal then usually outer 3 smaller than inner 3 (occasionally absent in
    10 KB (319 words) - 08:27, 30 July 2020
  • Aristolochia
    absent; stamens 5-6, adnate to styles and stigmas, forming gynostemium; ovary inferior, 3-locular, 5-locular, or 6-locular; styles 3, 5, or 6, connate in
    10 KB (491 words) - 08:21, 30 July 2020
  • Hymenopappus
    biennials, usually 3+ in perennials). Leaves mostly basal or basal and cauline; alternate; petiolate; blades usually 1–2+ times pinnately lobed (lobes usually
    9 KB (558 words) - 23:45, 29 July 2020
  • Poaceae tribe Poeae
    sometimes absent or minute; lodicules 2, membranous, not or weakly veined; anthers 3; ovaries usually glabrous, sometimes hairy distally; styles 2, bases free.
    45 KB (1,179 words) - 03:07, 30 July 2020
  • Agoseris
    red to pink, light-brown, or white. Corollas: staminate 3–4.5 mm; pistillate 5–6 mm. Cypselae 2–2.5 mm, pubescent and papillate; pappi: staminate 6–7 mm (capillary);
    12 KB (714 words) - 20:21, 29 July 2020
  • Thalictrum
    compound; leaflets cordate-reniform, obovate, lanceolate, or linear, sometimes 3-lobed or more, margins entire or crenate. Inflorescences terminal, sometimes also
    17 KB (836 words) - 08:34, 30 July 2020
  • Clematis subg. Viorna
    Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 1(1): 5. 1895. James S. Pringle Basionym: Undefined subg. Viorna Spach 1839 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Woody vines or erect, ±
    13 KB (470 words) - 08:24, 30 July 2020
  • Poa
    slightly greenish; lodicules 2, broadly lanceolate, glabrous, lobed; functional anthers (1-2) 3, 0.1-5 mm; ovaries glabrous. Caryopses 1-4 mm, ellipsoidal, often
    87 KB (2,178 words) - 03:17, 30 July 2020
  • Agave
    ovary inferior, greenish at anthesis, 3-locular, succulent, thickwalled, ovules numerous; style subulate; stigma 3-lobed, glandular, capitate, papillate. Fruits
    24 KB (1,110 words) - 06:12, 30 July 2020
  • Rhynchospora
    longer than achene, seldom smooth; stamens 2–3; styles undivided or shallowly 2-fid, or deeply cleft into 2 (–3) linear stigmatic branches; style base persistent
    38 KB (1,253 words) - 01:40, 30 July 2020
  • Malacothrix
    unequal, or (with calyculi) 12–25+ in 2–3 series and oblong or lanceolate to linear, subequal; margins ± hyaline, 0.05–2.5 mm, apices obtuse to acute or acuminate
    16 KB (748 words) - 20:19, 29 July 2020
  • Croton
    absent. Staminate flowers: sepals (3–) 5 (–6), valvate or slightly imbricate, distinct or connate basally; petals (3–) 5 (–6) or 0, distinct, white; nectary
    24 KB (874 words) - 18:18, 29 July 2020
  • Betulaceae
    Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Treatment on page 507. Trees and shrubs, deciduous. Winter buds stipitate or sessile, with either 2–3 valvate scales (stipules)
    14 KB (815 words) - 08:47, 30 July 2020
  • Artemisia subg. Tridentatae
    rarely, 1–2 raylike florets). Receptacles epaleate, glabrous. Pappi 0. Florets: 3–20, bisexual, fertile; corollas (pale-yellow) funnelform. North America, nw
    10 KB (942 words) - 20:46, 29 July 2020
  • Mirabilis
    expanded, limb 5-lobed; stamens 3–6, exserted; styles exserted beyond stamens; stigmas capitate. Fruits radially symmetric, with (4–) 5 round or angular
    15 KB (526 words) - 09:38, 30 July 2020
  • Sarraceniaceae
    hypanthium absent; sepals 5; petals 5, distinct; stamens 15 or 50–100, distinct or slightly fascicled; anthers laterally dehiscent; pistils 1, 5-carpellate; ovary
    10 KB (491 words) - 13:09, 30 July 2020
  • Moraceae
    adaxially grooved. Leaf-blade: margins entire, toothed, or lobed; venation pinnate or with 3-5 basal palmate veins; cystoliths often present in epidermal-cells
    9 KB (490 words) - 08:32, 30 July 2020
  • Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Galinsoginae
    often 2-lobed or 3-lobed or toothed). Ray-florets 0, or (3–) 6–21, pistillate, fertile; corollas yellow or whitish or pinkish [purplish]. Disc-florets 5–150+
    10 KB (606 words) - 23:21, 29 July 2020
  • Sorbus
    rancid, 5–17 mm diam.; hypanthium green to red, obconic, 2–6 mm, glabrous or hairy; sepals 5, erect or ascending, ovate or triangular; petals 5, white or
    21 KB (1,208 words) - 14:28, 30 July 2020
  • Lasthenia
    borne singly or in ± corymbiform arrays. Involucres obconic to hemispheric, 3–5+ mm diam. Phyllaries usually persistent, sometimes falling with cypselae,
    11 KB (916 words) - 23:52, 29 July 2020
  • Brickellia
    cylindric to obconic or campanulate, 5–12 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, (10–) 14–45 (–60) in 3–7 (–9) series, usually (4–) 5–6 (–16) -striate or nerved, linear
    17 KB (617 words) - 22:47, 29 July 2020
  • Betula
    or nearly orbiculate, 0.5–10 (–14) × 0.5–8 cm, thin, margins doubly serrate or serrate (or crenate to shallowly round-lobed in dwarf northern species);
    18 KB (893 words) - 08:41, 30 July 2020
  • Lithophragma
    entire length of ovary, free from ovary 1–2 mm, green; sepals 5, green tinged with red; petals 5, white or pink; nectariferous tissue inconspicuous; stamens
    11 KB (517 words) - 12:55, 30 July 2020
  • Braya
    pinnately lobed; cauline usually absent, rarely few present, (sub) sessile, blade margins usually entire, rarely dentate or pinnately lobed. Racemes (corymbose
    13 KB (760 words) - 12:30, 30 July 2020
  • Heuchera
    ascending, leafless or bearing 1–5 cauline leaves (H. alba, H. americana, H. bracteata, H. caroliniana, H. longiflora, H. pubescens), 3–145 cm, glabrous or stipitate-glandular
    26 KB (1,593 words) - 12:56, 30 July 2020
  • Agalinis
    spikelike; bracts present. Pedicels present; bracteoles absent. Flowers: sepals 5, calyx radially, rarely bilaterally, symmetric, campanulate to hemispheric
    23 KB (952 words) - 19:30, 29 July 2020
  • Tragia
    (sometimes deeply 3-lobed in T. laciniata) [palmately lobed], margins serrate, crenate, dentate, or entire, laminar glands absent; venation pinnate or palmate
    14 KB (615 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
  • Thymophylla
    coroniform or of 10 (–20) distinct scales (each scale erose, or 1–5-aristate, or a fascicle of 5–9 basally connate bristles). x = 8. sw United States, Mexico
    11 KB (587 words) - 23:33, 29 July 2020
  • Platanthera
    P. nivea), sometimes showy; petals entire to fringed or emarginate; lip lobed, 3-partite, spurred at base, margins entire to fringed; pollinaria 2; pollinia
    17 KB (518 words) - 05:23, 30 July 2020
  • Asteraceae tribe Vernonieae
    Treatment appears in FNA Volume 19. Treatment on page 200. Mentioned on page 5, 6, 11, 195. Annuals, biennials, perennials, or shrubs [trees or lianas] (sap
    9 KB (655 words) - 20:04, 29 July 2020
  • Hibiscus
    (H. coccineus, H. poeppigii, H. schizopetalus); ovary 5-carpellate; ovules 8–60 per carpel; styles 5-branched from or beyond orifice of staminal column;
    20 KB (1,253 words) - 11:27, 30 July 2020
  • Micranthes
    or 1/4–3/4 adnate to ovary, free to 0.5 mm, usually green, rarely purplish; sepals 5, green, sometimes reddish at tips; petals 5 (absent or 1–5 in M. apetala
    27 KB (988 words) - 13:15, 30 July 2020
  • Thelypodium
    not, petiolate, blade margins usually entire, dentate, lyrate or pinnately lobed, rarely laciniate; cauline petiolate or sessile, blade (base cuneate, attenuate
    15 KB (841 words) - 12:01, 30 July 2020
  • Orthocarpus
    alternate; petiole absent; blade not fleshy, not leathery, margins entire or 3–7-lobed. Inflorescences terminal, spikes or racemes; bracts present. Pedicels absent
    9 KB (389 words) - 18:58, 29 July 2020
  • Passifloraceae
    disc often present; stamens [4–] 5 [–ca. 25], usually borne on androgynophore [hypanthium]; ovary superior, [2–] 3 [–5] -carpellate, 1-locular, usually
    7 KB (615 words) - 11:20, 30 July 2020
  • Crossosomataceae
    Velascoa)]; sepals (3–) 4–5 (–6), distinct; petals (3–) 4–5 (–6), distinct, base often short-clawed; nectar disc absent or crenately lobed, fleshy or thin;
    10 KB (457 words) - 13:44, 30 July 2020
  • Ophioglossaceae
    Sporophores pinnately branched or simple. Sporangia exposed or embedded, 0.5–1.5 mm diam., thick-walled, with thousands of spores. Spores all 1 kind, trilete
    8 KB (289 words) - 00:26, 30 July 2020
  • Balsamorhiza
    (bases persisting as fibrils); blades (mostly pinnately nerved, sometimes 3-nerved or 5-nerved) either rounded-deltate to triangular-deltate with bases sagittate
    13 KB (768 words) - 23:05, 29 July 2020
  • Eriophyllum
    (proximal sometimes opposite); petiolate or sessile; blades usually 1–2 (–3) -pinnately lobed, ultimate margins toothed, serrate, or entire, faces usually densely
    13 KB (1,037 words) - 23:55, 29 July 2020
  • Achnatherum
    the apices, sometimes prolonged 1-3 mm, apices usually rounded; lodicules 2 or 3, membranous, not lobed; anthers 3, 1.5-6 mm, sometimes penicillate; ovaries
    28 KB (2,014 words) - 02:45, 30 July 2020
  • Chylismia sect. Chylismia
    with well-developed basal rosette; blade usually pinnately or bipinnately lobed, sometimes with scattered, irregular lobes, sometimes lateral lobes greatly
    11 KB (951 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
  • Asteraceae tribe Senecioneae
    1–2 series, usually distinct, equal to subequal, and herbaceous, rarely in 3–5+ series, distinct, unequal, and herbaceous to chartaceous (e.g., Lepidospartum)
    23 KB (1,021 words) - 21:10, 29 July 2020
  • Ludwigia
    floral-tube absent; sepals persistent after anthesis or tardily caducous, (3 or) 4 or 5 (–7), green, sometimes yellow or cream, often becoming flushed with red
    30 KB (1,654 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
  • Polygala
    sometimes in cymose-panicles, or nearly spikes, [corymbs, fascicles, or 1–5-flowered], usually not interrupted; peduncle present or absent; bracts deciduous
    19 KB (903 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
  • Zygophyllaceae
    androecium hypogynous; hypanthium absent; sepals 4–5, usually distinct, rarely connate basally; petals 4–5, distinct [rarely connate basally], often clawed
    11 KB (500 words) - 18:15, 29 July 2020
  • Synthyris
    or rudimentary, tube base not spurred or gibbous, lobes 0 or 3 or 4 (or 5), abaxial 2 or 3 (or 4), adaxial 1; stamens 2, epipetalous or inserted on receptacle
    15 KB (823 words) - 19:22, 29 July 2020
  • Jatropha
    2-colored]; nectary annular and 5-lobed or 5 glands; staminodes sometimes present; pistil 1–3-carpellate; styles (1–) 3, distinct or connate basally to
    14 KB (637 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
  • Oenothera sect. Gaura
    with basal scale 0.3–0.5 mm, these nearly closing mouth of floral-tube, or sometimes reduced or absent; stigma deeply divided into (3 or) 4 linear lobes
    12 KB (1,080 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
  • Ranunculus sect. Flammula
    pedicellate; sepals deciduous soon after anthesis, 3-5; petals yellow; nectary scale attached on 3 sides, forming pocket enclosing nectary, or sometimes
    9 KB (584 words) - 08:33, 30 July 2020
  • Hydrangeaceae
    simple; stipules absent; petiole present or absent; blade sometimes palmately lobed, margins entire, serrate, serrulate, dentate, denticulate, or crenate; venation
    13 KB (775 words) - 18:33, 29 July 2020
  • Sphaeromeria
    linear, usually 1–2-pinnately or palmately lobed (ultimate lobes oblanceolate to linear) or apically 3-toothed or lobed, ultimate margins entire, faces glabrous
    9 KB (565 words) - 20:44, 29 July 2020
  • Pectis
    purplish; laminae elliptic, entire or 2-lobed or 3-lobed, glabrous or proximally glandular-puberulent). Disc-florets [1–] 3–55 [–100], usually bisexual; corollas
    14 KB (1,174 words) - 23:30, 29 July 2020
  • Glyceria
    adjacent lemmas, 1-veined, obtuse or acute, often erose; lower glumes 0.3-4.5 mm; upper glumes 0.6-7 mm; calluses glabrous; lemmas membranous to thinly
    20 KB (1,626 words) - 03:20, 30 July 2020
  • Geum
    rhizomatous, fibrous-rooted. Stems 1–5, erect, simple. Leaves winter-persistent (basal), basal and cauline, simple, 3-foliolate, lyrate-pinnate, or odd-pinnate
    22 KB (1,259 words) - 14:34, 30 July 2020
  • Aquilegia
    distal leaves sessile; cauline leaves alternate. Leaf-blade 1-3×-ternately compound, leaflets lobed or parted, margins crenate. Inflorescences terminal, 1-10-flowered
    12 KB (514 words) - 08:29, 30 July 2020
  • Silphium
    or sessile; blades (1-nerved or 3-nerved) deltate, elliptic, linear, ovate, or rhombic, sometimes 1–2-pinnately lobed or pinnatifid, bases cordate or truncate
    10 KB (661 words) - 23:01, 29 July 2020
  • Smilax
    Smilax tamnoides, Smilax walteri Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 1028. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 455. 1754. Walter C. Holmes Common names: Catbrier greenbrier sarsaparilla
    14 KB (755 words) - 06:14, 30 July 2020
  • Minuartia
    staminodes absent; styles 3 (to 4 in M. cumberlandensis, M. godfreyi), filiform, 0.6–2.5 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 3 (to 4 in M. cumberlandensis
    25 KB (1,236 words) - 10:19, 30 July 2020
  • Berberidaceae
    spines. Leaves alternate, opposite, or fascicled, simple, 2-3-foliolate, or 1-3-pinnately or 2-3 (-4) -ternately compound; stipules present or absent; venation
    10 KB (398 words) - 08:43, 30 July 2020
  • Yucca
    superior, usually green, 3-locular or 6-locular with false septa, 6-lobed; style white to dark green, often thick; stigmas usually 3, sometimes 1 and subcapitate
    17 KB (687 words) - 06:11, 30 July 2020
  • Prenanthes
    Mentioned on page 219. Perennials, 5–250 cm; taprooted, often producing offshoots connected by slender rhizomes. Stems 1–5, usually erect, sometimes decumbent
    14 KB (741 words) - 20:12, 29 July 2020
  • Brodiaea
    campanulate or funnelform, outer 3 lobes narrower than inner 3; stamens 3, epitepalous, opposite inner perianth lobes, alternating with 3 staminodia (staminodia
    12 KB (690 words) - 06:01, 30 July 2020
  • Tetraneuris
    (usually marcescent) yellow (laminae fan-shaped to oblanceolate, usually 3-lobed). Disc-florets 20–250+, bisexual, fertile; corollas yellow proximally, yellow
    10 KB (710 words) - 22:39, 29 July 2020
  • Lilium
    darker, oblong, 0.3–2.6 cm; pollen cream, yellow, peach, tan, orange, rust, or brown, usually becoming lighter; pistil compound, 3-lobed, 3-locular, oblong
    37 KB (2,628 words) - 05:42, 30 July 2020
  • Rorippa
    petiolate, blade margins entire, dentate, sinuate, lyrate, pectinate, or 1–3-pinnatisect; cauline petiolate or sessile, blade (base cuneate, attenuate,
    22 KB (1,325 words) - 12:26, 30 July 2020
  • Delphinium subsect. Subscaposa
    bracts markedly smaller, fewer lobed than leaves. Fruits erect. Seeds rectangular to crescent-shaped, 1.3-3.3 × 1.1-2.3 mm, not ringed on proximal end
    8 KB (562 words) - 08:23, 30 July 2020
  • Cucurbita
    triangular, usually deeply to shallowly palmately (3–) 5 (–7) -lobed, sometimes unlobed or 2-lobed, lobes depressed-ovate, ovate, broadly or narrowly triangular
    15 KB (1,114 words) - 11:41, 30 July 2020
  • Eriophyllum lanatum
    borne singly or (2–5+) in corymbiform arrays. Peduncles mostly 3–30 cm. Involucres campanulate to hemispheric, 6–15 mm diam. Phyllaries 5–13 (–15), distinct
    11 KB (916 words) - 23:56, 29 July 2020
  • Asteraceae tribe Mutisieae
    (aggregated in second-order heads, florets 1–3 per individual head in Hecastocleis). Calyculi usually 0 (of 3–7 bractlets in Trixis; second-order heads subtended
    12 KB (739 words) - 20:02, 29 July 2020
  • Eleocharis subg. Eleocharis
    tips. Rhizomes present or absent, without bulb; tubers rarely present (in 8a3. Eleocharis sect. Parvulae), terminating rhizomes or among culm bases. Culms
    37 KB (456 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
  • Ribes
    Ribes watsonianum, Ribes wolfii Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 200. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 94. 1754 ,. Nancy R. Morin Common names: Currant gooseberry Etymology: Arabic
    23 KB (1,464 words) - 13:16, 30 July 2020
  • Berberis
    spinose-lobed; venation pinnate or leaflets 3-6-veined from base. Inflorescences terminal, usually racemes, rarely umbels or flowers solitary. Flowers 3-merous
    16 KB (698 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
  • Collinsia
    saccate or gibbous (forming a prominent or obscure pouch) adaxially, lobes 5, abaxial 3, 2 as wings, middle lobe of abaxial lip (keel) folded lengthwise, enclosing
    16 KB (737 words) - 19:04, 29 July 2020
  • Eragrostis
    1 (3) -veined, not lobed, apices obtuse to acute, unawned; calluses glabrous or sparsely pubescent; lemmas usually glabrous, obtuse to acute, (1) 3 (5)
    33 KB (1,388 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
  • Caulanthus
    pilosus, Caulanthus simulans S. Watson Botany (Fortieth Parallel), 27, plate 3. 1871. Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz Common names: Wild-cabbage Etymology: Greek kaulos
    16 KB (997 words) - 11:59, 30 July 2020
  • Helenium
    shorter than throats, lobes 4 or 5, ± deltate (style-branch apices penicillate or truncate). Cypselae mostly obpyramidal, 4–5-angled, glabrous or sparsely
    13 KB (702 words) - 15:32, 15 December 2020
  • Ulmus
    fall, bisexual, pedicellate or sessile; calyx 3-9-lobed; stamens 3-9; styles persistent, deeply 2-lobed. Fruits samaras, usually flattened, membranously
    9 KB (681 words) - 08:23, 30 July 2020
  • Diplacus
    fruit; sepals 5, calyx symmetric, tubular, lobes triangular to deltate, rarely reduced or barely evident, midvein angled or wing-angled; petals 5, corolla marcescent
    28 KB (1,133 words) - 19:01, 29 July 2020
  • Xyridaceae
    inaperturate; ovaries y superior, 1 [–3] -locular; ovules anatropous; styles 1, distally 3-branched [simple]; stigmas 3 [1, 3-lobed, capitate, or funnelform]. Fruits
    9 KB (610 words) - 00:51, 30 July 2020
  • Lysimachia
    sepals 5 (–9), green or whitish to pinkish, calyx deeply lobed, lobes usually lanceolate, ovate, or deltate, longer than tube; petals absent or 5 (–9),
    18 KB (899 words) - 13:07, 30 July 2020
  • Abronia
    or salverform, constricted distal to ovary, abruptly expanded to 5-lobed limb; stamens 5–9, included; styles included; stigmas linear. Fruits winged or not
    12 KB (544 words) - 09:13, 30 July 2020
  • Myriophyllum
    becoming reduced floral bracts distally; sessile or petiolate; blade unlobed or lobed, pinnatifid, or pectinate, margins usually entire, sometimes serrate, surfaces
    19 KB (1,182 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
  • Artemisia subg. Drancunculus
    epaleate, glabrous. Florets: peripheral 1–25 pistillate and fertile; central 3–32 functionally staminate (not setting fruits); corollas subglobose. North
    6 KB (438 words) - 20:45, 29 July 2020
  • Mitella
    ± entire length of ovary, free from ovary to 1.5 mm, green, greenish white, or greenish yellow; sepals 5, white, greenish white, greenish, yellowish green
    14 KB (831 words) - 12:58, 30 July 2020
  • Plumbaginaceae
    mature fruits, 5, connate into 5-ribbed or 10-ribbed tube, mostly dry and membranous, sometimes petaloid, toothed or with distinct simple or lobed limbs; petals
    9 KB (499 words) - 10:13, 30 July 2020
  • Clematis subg. Clematis
    Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Woody vines (erect, herbaceous perennials in C. recta). Leaf-blade 1-2-pinnate; leaflets lobed or unlobed, margins entire
    8 KB (418 words) - 08:38, 30 July 2020
  • Vitis
    or 5-toothed; petals (3–) 5 (–9), connate distally, forming calyptra; nectary free, (3–) 5 (–9) glands alternating with stamens; stamens usually (3–) 5
    14 KB (773 words) - 18:13, 29 July 2020
  • Botrychium subg. Botrychium
    oblong to oblong deltate (deltate in B. lanceolatum), lobed to 1–2 (–3) -pinnate, mostly less than 2.5 cm wide when mature, herbaceous to leathery. Leaf primordia
    5 KB (560 words) - 00:23, 30 July 2020
  • Delphinium subsect. Grumosa
    per 5 cm, open, ± pyramidal, usually at least 3 times longer than wide, spurs rarely intersecting rachis; pedicel spreading, usually more than 1.5 cm,
    13 KB (670 words) - 08:25, 30 July 2020
  • Prunus
    before or at leaf emergence, 4–40 mm diam.; hypanthium 1.5–8 mm, exterior glabrous or hairy; sepals 5, erect to reflexed, usually triangular, semicircular
    43 KB (1,828 words) - 14:17, 30 July 2020
  • Carya
    kernel Synonyms: Hicoria Rafinesque Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Trees, rarely shrubs, 3-52 m. Bark gray or brownish, smooth with fissures in younger trees
    16 KB (713 words) - 08:48, 30 July 2020
  • Oenothera sect. Oenothera
    unbranched. Leaves in a basal rosette and cauline, cauline (1–) 3–25 cm; blade margins pinnately lobed to sinuate-dentate, serrate to dentate or subentire. Inflorescences
    10 KB (907 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
  • Styracaceae
    bitegmic, tenuinucellate; styles 1, simple [3-parted]; stigmas 1, terminal, truncate or minutely 2–4 [–5] -lobed. Fruits capsular, dehiscence loculicidal
    9 KB (480 words) - 13:08, 30 July 2020
  • Camassia
    versatile, dehiscence introrse; ovary 3-locular, septal nectaries present, ovules 6–36; style filiform; stigma 3-lobed; pedicel spreading to incurving-erect
    9 KB (519 words) - 05:59, 30 July 2020
  • Sarracenia
    to conic, shallowly 5-lobed, apex rounded; style distally expanded into broad umbrellalike disc with midribs (arms) extending into 5 evenly spaced, reflexed
    17 KB (1,184 words) - 13:09, 30 July 2020
  • Alchemilla
    ovate, margins lobed or dentate; petiole present; blade (of simple leaves) reniform to orbiculate, sometimes reniform-orbiculate, 1–15 × 1.5–15 cm, usually
    18 KB (1,235 words) - 14:11, 30 July 2020
  • Arnica
    FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 366. Mentioned on page 3, 5, 255, 257, 364, 365, 375. Perennials, 5–100 cm (rhizomes relatively long and thin; caudices woody
    16 KB (834 words) - 23:57, 29 July 2020
  • Taraxacum
    (bases cuneate to ± attenuate), margins subentire to dentate or pinnately lobed (apices rounded or obtuse to acute or acuminate, faces glabrous or glabrate
    28 KB (2,401 words) - 20:10, 29 July 2020
  • Linaria
    absent. Flowers bisexual; sepals 5, proximally connate, calyx ± bilaterally symmetric to nearly radially symmetric, 5-lobed, lobes linear to linear-lanceolate
    12 KB (693 words) - 18:50, 29 July 2020
  • Hulsea
    Volume 21. Treatment on page 396. Mentioned on page 5, 255, 364, 365, 366. Annuals or perennials, 5–150 cm. Stems erect, simple or branched (aerial shoots
    9 KB (598 words) - 00:03, 30 July 2020
  • Malacothamnus
    blade ovate to round, rhombic, or reniform, unlobed or palmately 3-lobed, 5-lobed, or 7-lobed, base cordate to truncate or cuneate, margins usually toothed
    13 KB (608 words) - 11:29, 30 July 2020
  • Crataegus sect. Coccineae
    571, 578, 579, 585, 593, 604, 607, 609, 610, 618, 633. Shrubs or trees, (5–) 30–110 (–150) dm. Stems: trunks 1–several, ± erect to oblique, bark usually
    28 KB (995 words) - 14:38, 30 July 2020
  • Erythranthe
    lobes 5, rarely 3, all usually ca. equal size or adaxial slightly longer, mostly triangular to deltate, rarely reduced and barely evident; petals 5, corolla
    49 KB (1,607 words) - 18:59, 29 July 2020
  • Euonymus
    hypanthium absent; sepals 4–5, distinct; petals 4–5, white, green, yellow, red, or purple; nectary intrastaminal, annular, fleshy; stamens 4–5, adnate to nectary
    10 KB (511 words) - 18:30, 29 July 2020
  • Nolina
    white to cream or tan, 1.3–5 mm, apex glandular; ovary superior; pedicel jointed near middle. Fruits capsular, 3-locular, 3-lobed, thin-walled or sometimes
    10 KB (569 words) - 06:10, 30 July 2020
  • Diapensiaceae
    and androecium hypogynous; sepals 5, connate proximally or distinct; petals 5, connate proximally or distinct; stamens 5, antisepalous or basally connate
    9 KB (376 words) - 13:08, 30 July 2020
  • Stephanomeria
    Involucres ± cylindric to turbinate, 2–3 (–5+) mm diam. Phyllaries usually 5–12 in 1 series, equal (20–25 in 2–3 series, unequal in S. cichoriacea, usually
    15 KB (1,165 words) - 20:25, 29 July 2020
  • Horkelia sect. Horkelia
    erect, (0.5–) 1–10 (–12) dm. Basal leaves usually planar, sometimes ± cylindric; stipules usually entire, sometimes basally lobed; leaflets (1–) 3–16 (–20)
    10 KB (768 words) - 14:06, 30 July 2020
  • Malaxis
    glabrous. Roots few, fibrous, 0.3–1 mm wide. Stems swollen at base into pseudobulb, ± globose, glabrous. Leaves 1–3 (–5), with sheathing base; blade elliptic
    9 KB (493 words) - 05:30, 30 July 2020
  • Boerhavia
    torreyana, Boerhavia triquetra, Boerhavia wrightii Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 3. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 4. 1754. Richard W. Spellenberg Common names: Spiderling Etymology:
    15 KB (627 words) - 09:17, 30 July 2020
  • Lessingia
    expanded in peripheral florets), lobes 5, erect or spreading, lanceolate; style-branch (linear) appendages lanceolate (0.3–1.3 mm) or truncate-penicillate (0.1–0
    12 KB (729 words) - 20:57, 29 July 2020
  • Saussurea
    Phyllaries many in 3–5 (–10+) series, subequal to strongly unequal, appressed or not, ovate to lanceolate, margins entire, toothed, or lobed, apices obtuse
    9 KB (521 words) - 20:00, 29 July 2020
  • Gaillardia
    Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 421. Mentioned on page 3, 5, 415, 416. Annuals, perennials, or subshrubs, 10–80+ cm (sometimes rhizomatous)
    12 KB (725 words) - 22:34, 29 July 2020
  • Chloropyron
    absent; blade not fleshy, not leathery, margins entire or pinnately 5-lobed or 7-lobed. Inflorescences terminal, spikes; bracts present. Pedicels absent;
    8 KB (447 words) - 18:56, 29 July 2020
  • Chaenactis sect. Macrocarphus
    deltate, elliptic, linear, or ovate, (0–) 1–2-pinnately or -subpalmately lobed, glanddotted beneath indument. Heads discoid. Peduncles prostrate to erect
    9 KB (593 words) - 22:32, 29 July 2020
  • Townsendia
    on page 11, 13, 17, 194, 351. Annuals, biennials, or perennials, 1–2 (–3) or (1–) 5–15 (–75+) cm (usually taprooted or developing ± woody caudices, sometimes
    18 KB (845 words) - 15:31, 15 December 2020
  • Cypripedium
    lateral anthers, dorsal anther a large subapical staminode; stigma free, 2–3-lobed. Fruits capsules, ellipsoid to oblong-ellipsoid. Primarily temperate Eurasia
    10 KB (452 words) - 05:19, 30 July 2020
  • Trichomanes
    creeping stems, numerous and wiry on erect stems. Leaves entire, lobed, or compound, 0.5–20 × 0.2–5 cm. Petiole short, wiry, often partially or wholly winged
    8 KB (436 words) - 00:26, 30 July 2020
  • Hypericum sect. Myriandra
    persistent, (2–) 4–5; petals deciduous, (3–) 4–5; stamens usually persistent, sometimes deciduous, 30–650, in continuous ring or in 4–5 barely discernable
    13 KB (445 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
  • Malpighiaceae
    absent [present]; sepals 5, distinct or connate basally, usually glandular, sometimes eglandular; petals (in chasmogamous flowers) 5, posterior (flag) petal
    14 KB (623 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
  • Panicum
    acuminate; upper glumes slightly shorter to much longer than the spikelets, 3-13 (15) -veined, bases rarely slightly sulcate, apices rounded to attenuate;
    26 KB (1,480 words) - 04:05, 30 July 2020
  • Ivesia sect. Setosae
    aromatic; taproot slender or stout, not fusiform or fleshy. Stems (0.1–) 0.2–2.5 (–3) dm. Basal leaves planar or loosely to tightly cylindric; stipules present;
    13 KB (1,038 words) - 14:03, 30 July 2020

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