Search results

in the cross veins becoming very prominent, a condition termed septate-nodulose. In some species, such as C. sprengelii, the veins in the sheaths are heavily

basal-cells quadrate to elongate, rarely oblate, straight, sinuose, or nodulose, basal juxtacostal and marginal regions usually differentiated, alar cells

basal-cells quadrate to elongate, straight to sometimes sinuous, rarely sinuose-nodulose, thin to thick-walled, without spiral thickenings, hyaline along insertion

smooth, pseudopapillose, or papillose; basal-cells rectangular to linear, nodulose-porose, usually thick-walled, always with spiral thickenings forming a

basal membrane high, segments often perforate with gaps along keels, cilia nodulose (endostome domed, fused at apex, perforated when mature, with keeled columns

less commonly not, cilia absent or 1–3, as long as segments or shorter, nodulose or not. Calyptra fugacious, cucullate, smooth. Spores smooth to papillose

in the distal half, with moderately to strongly incrassate, sinuose to nodulose lateral walls, smooth or often pseudopapillose; basal laminal cells elongate

high, segments keeled, not to narrowly perforate, cilia in groups of 1–4, nodulose. Calyptra cucullate, smooth or roughened, naked. Spores spheric, usually

ladder-fibrillose, often dotted with red; sheaths and leaves somewhat septate-nodulose; blades usually M-shaped in cross-section when young, sometimes channeled

sheath fronts membranous; sheaths and blades distinctly, sparsely septate-nodulose, blades V or W-shaped, flat, or, rarely, round in cross-section when young;

sheaths not fibrous; sheath fronts membranous; blades sparsely septate-nodulose, usually V-shaped in cross-section when young, glabrous. Inflorescences

of blades with 2 lateral-veins more prominent than midvein, not septate-nodulose, widest leaf-blade usually less than 5 mm wide, papillose on abaxial surface

3-stratose in the base; basal laminal cells elongate to linear, sinuose-nodulose; alar cells mostly enlarged, thin-walled, hyaline to yellowish, forming

shortly rectangular distally, with sinuose longitudinal walls becoming nodulose and porose with strongly incrassate walls in 2–3 rows at the base, mostly

exostome papillose; endostome well developed, cilia 2–4, often nodose or nodulose. Calyptra cucullate. Spores 8–20 µm, smooth or papillose. North America

Grimmia elongata 12 Leaf margins both recurved; medial laminal cells with nodulose walls; seta straight. Grimmia lesherae 13 Awns nearly equal to or much

differentiated; endostome cilia 1–3, usually as long as segments or nearly so, nodulose, rarely rudimentary or absent. North America, Mexico, Central America,

distally; endostome basal membrane distinct, segments keeled, cilia 1 or 2, nodulose. Calyptra naked. Spores round, smooth to minutely papillose. North America

peristome perfect; exostome teeth bordered; endostome cilia in groups of 1–3, nodulose to appendiculate. Spores 12–45 µm. North America, Mexico, Central America

midvein; widest leaves not more than 13 mm, glabrous or pubescent, not septate-nodulose. Inflorescences racemose, with 3–7 (–16 in C. obispoensis) spikes; proximal

fibrous; sheath fronts membranous; sheaths and larger leaves sometimes septate-nodulose; blades V-shaped in cross-section when young, widest at least 2 mm wide

sheath fronts membranous; sheaths and larger leaves distinctly septate-nodulose; blades V-shaped in cross-section when young, glabrous. Inflorescences

with cilia, cilia in groups of (2–) 3–4, long, slender, appendiculate or nodulose. Calyptra cucullate, naked. Spores globose, minutely papillose. North America

sometimes pubescent at mouth; blades of at least proximal leaves septate-nodulose, M-shaped to flat in cross-section, adaxial surface with 2 lateral-veins

slightly dentate distally; endostome cilia usually 1–3, well developed, nodulose. Spores (10–) 11–24 µm. North America, Mexico, West Indies (Haiti), Central

not; sheath fronts membranous; sheaths and larger leaves sometimes septate-nodulose; blades V-shaped in cross-section when young, widest leaf-blades 1–2 mm

curved; peristome perfect; exostome teeth bordered; endostome cilia 1–4, nodulose. Spores 10–19 µm. Nearly worldwide Species 7 (2 in the flora). L. Hedenäs

Leaves: basal sheaths not fibrous; sheath fronts membranous; blades septate-nodulose, usually V-shaped in cross-section when young, usually glabrous. Inflorescences

not fibrous; sheath fronts membranous; blades not or sparingly septate-nodulose, V-shaped in cross-section when young, glabrous. Inflorescences racemose

teeth with internal surface smooth, trabeculate; endostome cilia present, nodulose. Generated Map Legacy Map North America, w Mexico, Europe, Asia Varieties

side of blade with 2, lateral, veins more prominent than midvein, septate-nodulose, larger blades 8–23 mm wide, not hairy, sometimes scabrous on adaxial surface

juxtacostal laminal cells elongate to linear, weakly orange at insertion, nodulose, thick-walled; basal marginal laminal cells in a few rows quadrate to short-rectangular

basal juxtacostal laminal cells elongate with extremely thick, slightly nodulose walls; basal marginal laminal cells in a few rows short-rectangular, thin-walled;

walls; medial laminal cells rectangular, nearly straight to sinuose or nodulose, thick-walled; distal laminal cells 1-stratose with 2-stratose ridges,

perfect; exostome teeth bordered; endostome cilia 2–3 (–4), well developed, nodulose. Spores 12–18 µm. North America, Europe, Asia, Atlantic Islands (Iceland)

sheath fronts membranous, sometimes slightly transversely rugose, septate-nodulose; blades with 2 lateral-veins on adaxial side more prominent than midvein

on page 244, 248, 250. Plants perennial; rhizomes clustered, elongate, nodulose, to 5 mm thick, hard. Culms usually in tufts, slender, (15–) 20–50 cm,

prominent, semicircular; basal juxtacostal laminal cells rectangular, sometimes nodulose, thin to thick-walled; basal marginal laminal cells rectangular with thickened

cells rectangular, thin-walled; medial laminal cells short-rectangular with nodulose to sinuose walls, weakly papillose; distal laminal cells 1-stratose, margins

side; basal juxtacostal laminal cells short to long-rectangular, sinuose-nodulose, thick-walled; basal marginal laminal cells short to long-rectangular,

bristles broad and stout, exceeding achene; culms smooth or sometimes septate-nodulose proximally. Eleocharis interstincta 4 Achenes obscurely sculptured, sometimes

papillose; basal laminal cells rectangular, 25–55 × 8–9 µm, with sinuose-nodulose, thick walls; alar cells undifferentiated; basal marginal cells absent

appearing dusty with dense, short-stipitate-glandular hairs, many with a nodulose to pillarlike, crystallized, usually pigmented exudate, papillose at 40×;

side; basal juxtacostal laminal cells short to long-rectangular, sinuose-nodulose, thick-walled; basal marginal laminal cells quadrate to short-rectangular

short to long-rectangular, thin-walled; medial laminal cells rectangular, nodulose, thick-walled; distal laminal cells 1-stratose, margins and apex 2-stratose

winged; basal juxtacostal laminal cells short to long-rectangular, yellowish, nodulose, thick-walled; basal marginal laminal cells short-rectangular with thickened

subula; costa abaxially strongly convex; lamina cells near costa with weakly nodulose longitudinal walls; plants commonly fruiting. Ditrichum flexicaule 2 Stems

yellowbrown, basal membrane 1/2 exostome length or slightly longer, cilia long, nodulose. Spores 16–20 µm, finely roughened. Phenology: Capsules mature spring (Apr–Jun)

occasional 2-layered strands; basal laminal cells elongate, 25–60 × 8–10 µm, nodulose-sinuose; alar cells slightly differentiated; medial and distal laminal

basal lamianl cells long-rectangular to linear, 20–70 × 7–9 µm, porose and nodulose; alar cells not or slightly differentiated; basal marginal border not differentiated;

basal laminal cells elongate 20–50 × 3–5 µm, with strongly incrassate, nodulose longitudinal walls, except for 3–5 epapillose cell rows at the insertion

pseudopapillose; basal laminal cells elongate, 35–65 × 7–9 µm, sinuose-nodulose, moderately thick-walled; alar cells usually differentiated in 3–5 cell

basal laminal cells elongate, 25–55 × 9–11 µm, with incrassate, sinuose-nodulose lateral walls; alar cells not or slightly differentiated, sometimes slightly

tapered apically, distinctly keeled, broadly perforate, cilia long and nodulose, or short. Spores 13–18 µm, finely roughened. Phenology: Capsules mature

segments tapered apically, distinctly keeled, broadly perforate, cilia long, nodulose. Spores 15–21 µm, finely roughened. Phenology: Capsules mature spring (Apr–Jun)

Leaves: proximal sheaths greenish to pale brownish, ± spongy and septate-nodulose; ligules 1.4–3.5 mm, longer than wide; blades green, ± flat, 2–25 cm ×

segments tapered apically, distinctly keeled, broadly perforate, cilia long, nodulose. Spores 15–21 µm, finely roughened. Phenology: Capsules mature spring (Apr–Jun)

glabrous; ligules 1.8–12.5 mm; blades green, M-shaped, often ± septate-nodulose, 2.6–5 (–6) mm wide, smooth abaxially, glabrous. Inflorescences 9–35 (–45)

finely ciliate; ligules 0.7–1.9 mm; blades green, M-shaped, not septate-nodulose, 1.6–3.5 (–4) mm wide, smooth abaxially, glabrous or, sometimes, lightly

more elongate in the base, cells adjacent to the costa with only weakly nodulose longitudinal walls, narrower towards the margins. Specialized asexual reproduction

rectangular, those of the leaf base becoming elongate, rectangular, with ± nodulose longitudinal walls, particularly near the costa, cells of the basal margins

cells rectangular, 15–45 × 4–6 µm, with moderately thickened, porose and nodulose longitudinal walls, epapillose in 2–3 cell rows at the insertion; alar

juxtacostal laminal cells long-rectangular (rarely short-rectangular), ± nodulose, thick-walled; basal marginal laminal cells short to long-rectangular,

segments tapered apically, distinctly keeled, broadly perforate, cilia long, nodulose. Spores 13–18 µm, finely roughened. Phenology: Capsules mature spring (Apr–Jun)

basally; basal laminal cells long-rectangular, 40–90 × 7–8 µm, strongly nodulose, forming a broad orange strip along the insertion; medial cells becoming

segments tapered apically, distinctly keeled, broadly perforate, cilia long, nodulose, or short. Spores 14–20 µm, finely roughened. Phenology: Capsules mature

1 mm diam. basally; basal sheaths persistent, brown or reddish, septate-nodulose. Leaves: blades channeled or strongly involute, 3–12 cm; distal leaves

Flora of North America Association Plants perennial; rhizomes elongate, nodulose, to 5 mm thick. Culms usually in tufts, erect, slender, 30–60 (–70) cm

segments tapered apically, distinctly keeled, broadly perforate, cilia long, nodulose. Spores 16–21 µm, finely roughened. Phenology: Capsules mature spring (Apr–Jun)

Association Plants perennial, sometimes cespitose; rhizomes horizontal, nodulose. Culms stout, 30–90 cm, base smooth or slightly scabrous distally. Leaves:

Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants perennial; rhizomes short, nodulose, aromatic when fresh. Culms in tufts, slender, 30–90 (–115) cm, glabrous

Flora of North America Association Plants perennial; rhizomes horizontal, nodulose. Culms sometimes in tufts, erect, slender, 30–50 cm, wiry, glabrous, trigonous

segments tapered apically, distinctly keeled, broadly perforate, cilia long, nodulose. Spores 15–21 µm, finely roughened. Phenology: Capsules mature spring (Apr–Jun)

laminal cells long-rectangular, 20–50 × 4–6 µm, moderately thick-walled, nodulose, papillose with large papillae, except for 1–4 rows of epapillose cells

distal and median cells rectangular, 25–50 × 10–12 µm, strongly sinuose-nodulose and thick-walled; basal-cells long-rectangular to linear, 50–90 × 10–12

laminal cells 1-stratose, conspicuously pseudopapillose, strongly sinuose-nodulose; basal laminal cells elongate, 15–30 (–50) × 9–14 µm; alar cells slightly

epapillose or nearly so in 2–4 cell rows at the insertion, with thick and nodulose longitudinal walls; alar cells hyaline, forming small to medium-sized,

sides; basal laminal cells elongate, 15–35 × 7–10 µm, with thick and sinuose-nodulose walls; alar cells usually slightly differentiated, yellowish, sometimes

basal laminal cells elongate, 40–50 × 4–6 µm, with moderately thickened, nodulose and porose longitudinal walls, papillose with relatively low and narrow

curved, 3 mm; operculum short-conic, rostrum blunt; endostome cilia weakly nodulose. Spores 10–13 µm, slightly papillose. Habitat: Arctic tundra meadows, hummocks

Flora of North America Association Plants perennial; rhizomes clustered, nodulose, rather slender, to 3 mm thick, hard. Culms in tufts, usually filiform

terete or obtusely trigonous, 30–80 cm × 1–5 mm, soft to hard, not septate-nodulose, internally spongy, transverse septa incomplete; plants never forming filiform

with whorls of slender branches, 0.1–0.3 mm wide, soft; sometimes septate-nodulose when aquatic, internally spongy, transverse septa incomplete. Leaves: distal

North America Association Plants perennial; rhizomes clustered, stout, nodulose, hard. Culms usually in tufts, stout, 40–100 cm, glabrous, somewhat scabrous

diam. basally; basal sheaths persistent, brown to purplish brown, septate-nodulose. Leaves: blades filiform, trigonous-channeled, (2–) 3–10 cm × 1–2 mm; distal

Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants perennial; rhizomes nodulose, 3–4 mm thick, very short creeping. Culms ± in tufts, slender, 20–40 cm

to 2 mm thick, erect; internodes smooth or nodulose. Sheaths shorter than the internodes, smooth to nodulose; ligules 0.4-1.5 mm, membranous, acute, erose;

terete, 50–100 cm × 5–8.4 mm, soft to firm, obscurely to clearly septate-nodulose throughout, internally hollow with complete transverse septa, closer together

bulging; basal laminal cells elongate, 15–35 × 8–10 µm, with thick, sinuous-nodulose walls; alar cells not or slightly differentiated, yellowish, sometimes

geniculate, or erect; internodes usually nodulose (occasionally smooth) for most of their length, puberulent or nodulose below the nodes. Sheaths shorter or

with whorls of slender branches, 0.1–0.3 mm wide; soft, sometimes septate-nodulose when aquatic, internally spongy, transverse septa incomplete. Leaves: distal

obscurely 3–5-angled to terete, 40–110 cm × (2–) 3.6–7.5 mm, soft, not septate-nodulose, internally spongy, transverse septa incomplete; plants never forming filiform

Culms terete, 45–100 cm × (3.2–) 5–9.4 mm, soft to firm, sometimes septate-nodulose proximally, not distally, internally hollow with complete transverse septa

short to long-rectangular, 15–45 × 7–8 µm moderately thick-walled, sinuose-nodulose; alar cells slightly differentiated, yellowish; supra-alar cells (2–8)

cells elongate, (15–) 25–50 (–55) × 8–10 µm wide, with thickened, sinuose-nodulose lateral walls; alar cells not or only slightly differentiated, usually

5-1 mm thick, erect to decumbent; internodes mostly smooth to slightly nodulose, minutely pubescent or glabrous below the nodes. Sheaths shorter or longer

decumbent near the base, forming dense mats; internodes glabrous, slightly nodulose. Sheaths shorter or longer than the internodes, glabrous; ligules 0.1-1

to linear cells; hair-point absent or short, to 0.4 mm, stout, straight, nodulose- denticulate. Bucklandiella afoninae

G. orbicularis are muticous and the basal juxtacostal cells have thick, nodulose walls. None. None. window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"subgenus"

characterized by its laminal cells having thick and strongly sinuose to nodulose longitudinal cell walls. This characteristic leaf areolation was typically

of the related species, so that the leaves and sheaths appear distinctly nodulose in dried specimens. The scales have relatively little black pigmentation

distal ends; the capsules are plicate when dry; and the endostome cilia are nodulose. Sporophytes are produced in summer. None. None. window.propertiesFrom

this species based on asymmetric capsules, synoicous sexual condition, nodulose cilia, and correct spore size. Otherwise this species is similar to P.

appearing dusty with dense, short stipitate-glandular hairs, many with a nodulose to pillarlike, crystallized, usually pigmented exudate, papillose at 40×;

Capsules operculate; plants rare to common. > 58 58 Laminal cell walls nodulose-wavy throughout leaf, sometimes most conspicuous toward leaf base when