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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 192. Plants annual or perennial; usually cespitose, sometimes rhizomatous. Culms annual, not woody

sect. Genea, Bromus sect. Neobromus L. Leon E. Pavlickf Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 193. Plants perennial, annual, or biennial; usually

original publication of Centaurea Basionym: Centaurea subg. Amberboa Persoon Syn. Pl. 2: 481. 1807 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 19. Treatment on page

Common names: Grass Family Synonyms: Gramineae Adans. Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 3. Illustrator: Copyright: Plants annual or perennial;

Synonyms: Pottia latifolia (Schwägrichen) Müller Hal. Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 604. Mentioned on page 632. Seta (2–) 4–12 mm

Basionym: Cornus Thelycrania Dumortier Fl. Belg., 83. 1827 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 450. Mentioned on page 444, 451. Shrubs or trees;

Carol., 247. 1788 Synonyms: Brunnichia cirrhosa Gaertner Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 483. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright:

Zizania palustris, Zizania texana L. Edward E. Terrell Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 47. Plants annual or perennial; aquatic, usually

Arrow-grass troscart Etymology: Greek, treis, three, and glochis, a point Treatment appears in FNA Volume 22. Herbs, perennial. Roots occasionally with tubers

Synonyms: Camissonia sect. Holostigma P. H. Raven Holostigma Spach 1835 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 10. Herbs,usually annual, rarely short-lived perennial

Gilg) Rydberg Touterea humilis (Urban & Gilg) Rydberg Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 503. Mentioned on page 499, 542, 543. Plants

A. utahensis var. covillei (Standley) N. H. Holmgren Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 650. Mentioned on page 649, 651. Illustrator:

Strigosa (Hitchc. & Chase) Gould Mary E. Barkworth Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 406. Plants perennial; cespitose, sometimes rhizomatous

Tridens texanus Roem. & Schult. Jesus Valdes-Reyna Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 33. Plants perennial; usually cespitose, often

Phanopyrum L. Robert W. Freckmann, Michel G. Lelong Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 450. Plants annual or perennial; their habit

Reverchoniae, Setaria subg. Setaria P. Beauv. James M. Rominger Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 539. Plants annual or perennial; cespitose, rarely

Schizachyrium spadiceum, Schizachyrium tenerum Nees J.K. Wipff Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 666. Plants annual or perennial; cespitose or

Basionym: Serinia cespitosa Rafinesque Fl. Ludov., 149. 1817 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 19. Treatment on page 367. Mentioned on page 363. Annuals, 4–42 cm;

Samolus valerandi subsp. parviflorus (Rafinesque) Hultén Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 255. Mentioned on page 256. Illustrator: Yevonn

S. Natl. Herb. 20: 326, 331. 1920. Craig C. Freeman Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 110. Mentioned on page 82, 94, 150. Herbs. Stems

torreyana Suaeda torreyana var. ramosissima (Standley) Munz Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 396. Mentioned on page 390, 397. Shrubs, subshrubs

Trisetum spicatum, Trisetum wolfii Pers. John H. Rumely Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 744. Plants annual or perennial; sometimes rhizomatous

Striatae R. Br. Mary E. Barkworth, Laurel K. Anderton Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 68. Plants usually perennial, rarely annual;

Anthoxanthum odoratum L. Kelly W. Allied, Mary E. Barkworth Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 758. Plants perennial or annual; densely to loosely

Melica subulata, Melica torreyana L. Mary E. Barkworth Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 88. Plants perennial; cespitose or soboliferous

J.K. Wipff Common names: Pink crystal Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page added post-publication. Plants perennial; cespitose. Culms (25)

transvaalensis, Cynodon ×magennisii Rich. Mary E. Barkworth Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 235. Plants perennial; sometimes stoloniferous

webberi, Achnatherum ×bloomeri P. Beauv. Mary E. Barkworth Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 114. Plants perennial; tightly to loosely cespitose

Lolium rigidum, Lolium temulentum L. Edward E. Terrell Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 454. Plants annual or perennial; cespitose, sometimes

Sp. Pl. 2: 967. 1753 Synonyms: Spathyema foetida (Linnaeus) Rafinesque Treatment appears in FNA Volume 22. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North

verticillata, Chloris virgata Sw. Mary E. Barkworth Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 204. Plants annual or perennial; habit various

Trachypogon, Tripsacum, Zea Dumort. Mary E. Barkworth Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 602. Plants usually perennial. Culms 7-600 cm

×curtisetosa, Muhlenbergia ×involuta Schreb. Paul M. Peterson Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 145. Plants annual or perennial; usually rhizomatous

alpina var. wormskjoldii (Roemer & Schultes) Hooker Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 309. Mentioned on page 302, 307, 310. Perennials

Desmazeria sicula Dumort. Gordon C. Tucker Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 681. Plants annual. Culms to 60 cm, procumbent to erect

Browne Emmet J. Judziewicz, Gerald F. Guala Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 12. Plants perennial, some apparently monocarpic; rhizomatous

Parfitt, Arthur C. Gibson Common names: Cactus Family Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 92. Mentioned on page 93, 94, 9. Trees, shrubs

Poa, Poa ×gaspensis, Poa ×limosa L. Robert J. Soreng Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 486. Plants annual or perennial; usually synoecious

Piptochaetium stipoides J. Presl Mary E. Barkworth Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 161. Plants perennial; cespitose, not rhizomatous

alexandrae Soderstr. & H.F. Decker Mary E. Barkworth Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 24. Plants perennial; clumped, rhizomes woody

Hackelochloa granularis Kuntze John W. Thieret Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 691. Plants annual; cespitose. Culms 20-120 cm, erect to decumbent

Cortaderia jubata, Cortaderia selloana Stapf Kelly W. Allred Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 298. Plants perennial; often dioecious or monoecious;

tenacissima Kunth Francisco M. Vazquez Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 151. Plants perennial; cespitose, not rhizomatous. Culms 60-170 cm

degenianum (Aellen) Aellen Chenopodium crassifolium Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 282. Mentioned on page 276, 279. Illustrator:

Viola chrysantha Hooker Icon. Pl. 1: plate 49. 1836, Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 129. Mentioned on page 111, 112, 116, 153. Illustrator:

arizonica Eastwood ex J. T. Howell Madroño 2: 12. 1930 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 224. Mentioned on page 219, 221, 222. Plants

Secale strictum L. Mary E. Barkworth Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 259. Plants annual, biennial, or short-lived perennials; cespitose

Candolle Lactuca tatarica subsp. pulchella (Pursh) Stebbins Treatment appears in FNA Volume 19. Treatment on page 259. Illustrator: Marjorie C. Leggitt Copyright:

Phalaris minor, Phalaris paradoxa L. Mary E. Barkworth Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 764. Plants annual or perennial; sometimes cespitose

names: Rose brier rosier Etymology: Latin name for rose Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 75. Mentioned on page 20, 76, 77, 78, 89, 95

fig. 2. 1791. Charles J. Sheviak IllustratedEndemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 504. Mentioned on page 500, 502, 505. Plants

Gaz. 7: 6. 1882, Synonyms: Juncus longistylis var. scabratus Hermann Treatment appears in FNA Volume 22. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright:

Calyptridium Nuttall Lewisiopsis Govaerts Spraguea Torrey Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 460. Mentioned on page 458, 461. Herbs, annual

level (all major checks completed, treatment ready for indexing and application of styles) are closer to publication form. Readers are encouraged to submit

Zea luxurians, Zea mays, Zea perennis L. Hugh H. litis Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 696. Plants annual or perennial; monoecious,

Semantic search query interface directly. You can use comparators with the Publication year property. For example, Due to limitations in data capture, special

Schedonorus pratensis P. Beauv. Stephen J. Darbyshire Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 445. Plants perennial; cespitose, sometimes rhizomatous

sandmat Synonyms: Chamaesyce serpillifolia (Persoon) Small Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 287. Mentioned on page 253, 256. Herbs, annual

275. 1856 Synonyms: Ferocactus covillei Britton & Rose Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 246. Mentioned on page 243, 244. Illustrator:

H. Bailey Carex quadrifida var. lenis L. H. Bailey Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 411. Mentioned on page 410. Illustrator: Susan

lady’s-slipper purloined slipper IllustratedEndemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 506. Mentioned on page 500, 502, 507. Illustrator:

Hymenocallis galvestonensis subsp. angustifolia Traub Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 287. Mentioned on page 285. Bulb nonrhizomatous

panamense Lorentz Syrrhopodon excelsus Zygodon sullivantii Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 576. Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright:

challengeri Paris Actes Soc. Linn. Bordeaux, sér. 5, 6: 306. 1894, Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 505. Mentioned on page 503. Plants in dense mats

hirsuta Kellogg Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 2: 110, fig. 34. 1863 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 73. Mentioned on page 71, 72. Plants 5–20 cm

rigidum Hoch & W. L. Wagner Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 82. 2007. Peter C. Hoch Treatment appears in FNA Volume 10. Herbs perennial, suffrutescent, with basal shoots

Agrostis variabilis, Agrostis vinealis L. M.J. Harvey Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 633. Plants usually perennial; usually cespitose

Mary E. Barkworth, Julian J.N. Campbell, Bjorn Salomon Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 288. Plants perennial; sometimes cespitose, sometimes

people, many fanciful allusions supposed but none certain Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 5. Mentioned on page 4, 8, 9, 10, 11, 21, 25

Michael D. Windham, Eric W. Rabe Common names: Villous lip fern Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Stems compact, 4–8 mm diam.; scales mostly bicolored, with

Boerhaave, 1668–1738, physician and botanist of Leiden Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 17. Mentioned on page 14, 15, 1. Herbs, annual

For Andreas Elias von Büchner, 1701–1769, physician Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 506. Mentioned on page 457, 508. Herbs, biennial

Flora content, based on changes identified by the FNA community, post publication. Secondly, assumptions of authorship have been made as required to allow

Etymology: Old Savoy name for Amelanchier ovalis Medikus Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 646. Mentioned on page 19, 20, 428, 429, 433

Atragene columbiana Nuttall J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 7: 7. 1834 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Stems viny, climbing or trailing (mainly rhizomatous

Hairy signalgrass Synonyms: Brachiaria distichophylla Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 501. Illustrator: Cindy Roché, Linda A. Vorobik

Carthamus lanatus subsp. creticus (Linnaeus) Holmboe Treatment appears in FNA Volume 19. Treatment on page 180. Mentioned on page 179. Plants 40–100 cm

Hicoria olivaeformis (Michaux) Nuttall Hicoria pecan (Marshall) Britton Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Trees, to 44 m. Bark light gray or brownish, ridged

asperifolia Michx. Mary E. Barkworth Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 167. Plants perennial; cespitose, not rhizomatous. Culms 25-65 cm, erect

lucidum Kellogg Lilium parviflorum (Hooker) Holzinger Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 185. Mentioned on page 175, 176, 177, 184, 186

Nickrent WeedyIntroducedIllustrated Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 415. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North

Johnston Dyssodia greggii (A. Gray) B. L. Robinson Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 240. Perennials, ashy white, to 15 cm, tomentose

21: 233. 1864 Synonyms: Pterygoneurum arcticum Steere Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 607. Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright:

Veg. ed. 14, 465. 1784 Undefined fl. Jap. 205. 1784 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 489. Mentioned on page 490. Plants 20–50 dm.

J. Keil Common names: Edible thistle cardon Endemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 19. Treatment on page 146. Mentioned on page 102, 103, 104, 131, 147

pentandra subsp. arenaria (Nuttall) H. M. Hall & Clements Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 362. Mentioned on page 329, 363. Herbs, annual

IllustratedEndemic Synonyms: Castilleja villicaulis Pennell & Ownbey Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 661. Mentioned on page 574, 605, 662. Illustrator:

grandiflora (Michaux) M. Gómez L. uruguayensis (Cambessèdes) H. Hara Treatment appears in FNA Volume 10. Herbs, subshrubs, or emergent aquatics, rooting

noted that Index Kewensis had overlooked the 1807 publication by Biehler and virtually all treatments since that time follow the interpretation by Fernald

Rehmann Leon E. Pavlickf Common names: Meadow brome Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 206. Illustrator: Cindy Roché Copyright: Utah

Higgins & S. L. Welsh Great Basin Naturalist 46: 259. 1986 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 562. Mentioned on page 553, 561, 563. Plants

var. pringlei (J. M. Coulter & E. M. Fischer) Reveal Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 291. Mentioned on page 289, 290. Shrubs, 3–10

incisus (Engelmann) W. A. Weber T. schizolobus (Engelmann) Norton Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 309. Mentioned on page 296, 300. Herbs, perennial

-Amer. 1: 214. 1832 Synonyms: Sphaerostigma contortum (Douglas) Walpers Treatment appears in FNA Volume 10. Herbs usually villous through­out, often also

electronic publication of the bryophyte volumes (through the BFNA Web site, http://www.mobot.org/plantscience/BFNA/). The liverwort treatments are being

V. mustangensis var. diversa (L. H. Bailey) Shinners Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 10. Mentioned on page 5, 11, 12. Plants high

stanfordensis (Steere) A. J. E. Smith & H. Whitehouse Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 636. Mentioned on page 635. Illustrator: Patricia

Sp. Pl. 2: 654. 1753 Synonyms: Arabis media N. Busch Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 450. Mentioned on page 449. Perennials; caudex

Brotherus Trichostomum subanomala (Bescherelle) Brotherus Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 482. Stems commonly branched. Leaf base narrower

jucunda P. nuttallii P. nuttallii var. glabrata Lehmann Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 155. Mentioned on page 154. Stems (0.5–) 1.5–7

classifications are published separately in botanical journals before publication of the pertinent volume of the flora. Similarly, all new names, names

American flora for more than a century. The 20-year period following the publication of the second part of Plantarum Historiae Universalis Oxoniensis (Oxford

available for scholarly study. Major references used in preparation of a treatment or containing critical information about a taxon are cited after the discussion

G. Ledyard Stebbins Before 1838, the date of publication of the first widely used regional flora by a North American botanist, species and species concepts

editorial encounter and do not reflect actual chronological sequence of publication. The first work by any particular author or group from any given year

to be phylogenetic, and indeed C. E. Bessey (1915) labeled his epochal treatment The Phylogenetic Taxonomy of Flowering Plants. Phylogenetic in this traditional

would consist of traditional treatments prepared by members of the systematic botanical community. Information from the treatments would be used to develop

yields the terpenoid taxol, which has been shown to be effective in the treatment of some kinds of cancer (D.Hinkley 1990). The use of Taxus brevifolia in