ringed at base by a nectary, distally 2-branched with stigmatic papillae borne on adaxial face of each branch in 2 separate or contiguous lines or in 1
275 KB (5,940 words) - 15:30, 15 December 2020
major veins; lodicules (0) 2-3, inconspicuous, usually without veins, bases swelling at anthesis; stamens usually 3, sometimes 1 (2) or 6+, filaments capillary
35 KB (1,876 words) - 02:36, 30 July 2020
distinct; anthers basifixed; pistils 1, 2–3 (–4) -carpellate, fused, locule 1; style undivided or branches 2–3 (–4); stigma sometimes papillate. Fruits achenes
24 KB (775 words) - 01:21, 30 July 2020
capsular, usually 2-valved ((3 or) 4 (–6) in Rorippa barbareifolia, (2 or) 4 in Tropidocarpum capparideum), termed siliques if length 3+ times width, or
107 KB (3,718 words) - 12:07, 30 July 2020
cyanic to reddish, purplish, or brown, sometimes ± zygomorphic (± 2-lipped), lobes (3–) 5, usually ± deltate to lanceovate, sometimes lanceolate to lance-linear;
30 KB (1,803 words) - 22:30, 29 July 2020
usually persistent, usually of barbellulate to barbellate bristles in (1–) 2–3+ series, sometimes of scales (scales sometimes aristate), rarely of both scales
79 KB (1,886 words) - 20:55, 29 July 2020
paleas 2-keeled, from shorter than to longer than the lemmas, sometimes absent or minute; lodicules 2, membranous, not or weakly veined; anthers 3; ovaries
45 KB (1,179 words) - 03:07, 30 July 2020
anthers (1, 2) 3; ovaries glabrous or sometimes hairy distally, sometimes with an apical appendage; haustorial synergids absent; styles (1) 2 (-4), bases
17 KB (872 words) - 03:12, 30 July 2020
open only at apex; perianth absent; stamens 1–3; styles deciduous or variously persistent, linear, 2–3 (–4) -fid. Achenes biconvex, planoconvex, or trigonous
80 KB (3,349 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
involucral-bracts in 1–3 whorls, rarely in spirals (Johanneshowellia), free or connate only at base, linear to oblanceolate or ovate. Flowers (1–) 2–30 (–100) per
21 KB (927 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
equal in 2 whorls of 3, or those of outer whorl narrower, greener, more sepaloid; tepal nectaries often present; stamens 6, rarely 3 or 4, sometimes 3 fertile
29 KB (1,493 words) - 05:37, 30 July 2020
distal florets; lemmas 1-3-veined or 7-13-veined, rarely 5-veined, if with 7-13 veins, the veins often in 3 groups; lodicules 2, or absent, x = 7, 8, 9
34 KB (1,217 words) - 04:33, 30 July 2020
or absent, blade apex entire, notched, or 2 (-4) -fid, sometimes dentate or laciniate; stamens 1-10, in 1 or 2 whorls, arising from base of ovary, nectariferous
29 KB (1,113 words) - 10:14, 30 July 2020
or ligulate; stamens (1 or) 2–4 or 5, adnate to corolla or free, didynamous or equal, staminodes 0 or 1 (–3); pistil 1, 2-carpellate (1 in Hippuris), ovary
26 KB (1,000 words) - 19:24, 29 July 2020
sometimes present on pedicels, bracts, or leaf-sheaths; stamens usually 1–2 (–3, if 3 the 3d modified into sterile staminode), all on side opposite lip, fully
41 KB (2,210 words) - 05:19, 30 July 2020
hypogynous; hypanthium absent; sepals 0 or 2–12, distinct or connate basally to most of length; petals 0 or (3–) 5 (–6), distinct or connate; nectary present
24 KB (1,347 words) - 18:25, 29 July 2020
Mentioned on page 3, 9, 11, 12, 14, 17, 36, 204, 257, 334. Annuals, biennials, or perennials [subshrubs, shrubs, trees], (0.5–) 2–90 (–100) cm (taprooted
97 KB (2,063 words) - 21:58, 29 July 2020
papillate, or denticulate; staminode included to exserted, if included, length 3/4+ times corolla throat. Seeds angled or rounded, rarely angled-elongate, reniform
12 KB (581 words) - 19:05, 29 July 2020
inflorescences; bracts absent (subfam. Polygonoideae), or 2–10+, usually connate proximally or to 1/2 their length, rarely perfoliate, foliaceous or scalelike
23 KB (1,508 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
syncarpous, ovary superior, 3–40-carpellate; styles 1, branched or unbranched; stigmas truncate, capitate, linear, or filiform, 1–2 times number of carpels
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Bruce D. Parfitt Common names: Crowfoot Family Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Treatment on page 85. Herbs, sometimes woody or herbaceous climbers or low
13 KB (392 words) - 08:32, 30 July 2020
of 1–15+ bractlets in 1–3+ series. Phyllaries usually persistent, usually in 3–5+ series, distinct, and unequal, sometimes in 1–2 series, distinct or connate
30 KB (805 words) - 20:06, 29 July 2020
225); British Columbia, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington (key 2, p. 228); Nevada and Utah (key 3, p. 231); Arizona and New Mexico (key 4, p. 237); Alberta
80 KB (1,352 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
usually dorsally compressed, varying to terete or laterally compressed, with 2 (3) florets, lower florets staminate, sterile, or reduced, upper florets usually
21 KB (1,188 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
styles 2–3 (–4), distinct or connate (Saxifragopsis); stigmas 2–3 (–4), capitate. Fruits capsular, sometimes folliclelike (Cascadia, Micranthes), 2–3 (–4)
27 KB (1,591 words) - 13:14, 30 July 2020
usually persistent (readily falling), usually in 2–8+ series, distinct, and unequal, sometimes in 1–2 series, distinct, and subequal to equal, usually
17 KB (728 words) - 22:41, 29 July 2020
imbricate or convolute, sometimes clawed; nectary present; stamens 2 times as many as sepals and in 2 series, antisepalous set usually longer, rarely all equal
19 KB (805 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
bractlets in 1 (–2+) series. Phyllaries persistent or falling, usually in 1–2 series, usually distinct, equal to subequal, and herbaceous, rarely in 3–5+ series
23 KB (1,021 words) - 21:10, 29 July 2020
Horkeliella, Ivesia, Potentilla, Sibbaldia, Sibbaldiopsis Sweet Brit. Fl. Gard. 2: sub plate 124. 1825. Luc Brouillet Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment
9 KB (450 words) - 13:53, 30 July 2020
Vaccinioideae); hypanthium absent; sepals absent or (2–) 4–5 (–7), distinct or connate basally; petals (2–) 4–5 (–8), rarely absent or highly reduced, connate
33 KB (1,383 words) - 13:10, 30 July 2020
subrotate, or curved; stamens (2 or) 4, adnate to corolla-tube, didynamous, subequal, or equal, staminodes 0 or 2; pistil 1, 2 [or 3] -carpellate, ovary superior
19 KB (841 words) - 19:24, 29 July 2020
papillae usually continuous, sometimes none, rarely in 2 lines. Cypselae obpyramidal or prismatic (3–4-angled), or terete to ovoid, or strongly compressed
21 KB (800 words) - 22:59, 29 July 2020
rarely 3-locular (Wilhelmsia); styles (2–) 3–5 (–6), distinct; stigmas (2–) 3–5 (–6). Fruits capsules, or rarely utricles (Scleranthus), opening by (2–) 3–6
11 KB (765 words) - 10:56, 30 July 2020
disciform, involucres hemispheric or broader (2–3+ mm diam.), phyllaries in 2–4 series, pistillate florets in 2–8 series, bisexual florets 10(–30), corollas
23 KB (1,089 words) - 20:43, 29 July 2020
puberulent, occasionally glandular, rarely scabrellous; bracts 2–13 or more at proximal nodes, usually 3 distally, connate proximally, leaflike, semileaflike, or
22 KB (1,627 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
glabrous or pubescent, sometimes glandular or glandular-punctate; tepals 2–6, usually in 2 whorls, distinct or connate proximally and forming tube, petaloid or
17 KB (813 words) - 10:04, 30 July 2020
viridis, Draba weberi, Draba yukonensis, Draba zionensis Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 642. 1753. Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, Michael D. Windham, Reidar Elven Etymology:
85 KB (2,094 words) - 12:08, 30 July 2020
sessile. Glumes usually 2, equal or unequal, shorter or longer than the adjacent florets, sometimes exceeding the distal florets; florets 2 (-4), usually dorsally
17 KB (1,292 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
ovary; style 1 per carpel, distinct or connate; stigmas 2–4, truncate, notched-capitate, or 2-lobed or 3-lobed. Fruits capsular, baccate, or drupaceous. Seeds
14 KB (933 words) - 11:54, 30 July 2020
black; stamens usually 3 or 6; anthers persistent, linear; pistils 1; ovaries superior, locules 1 or 3, placentas 1 and basal or 3 and axile or parietal;
6 KB (223 words) - 00:53, 30 July 2020
absent. Flowers: floral-tube present or, rarely, absent; sepals 2 or 4 (very rarely 3), deciduous with floral-tube, petals, and stamens; petals yellow
3 KB (506 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
from 2/3 as long as to subequal to the lemmas, distinctly 2-keeled, margins and intercostal regions milky white to slightly greenish; lodicules 2, broadly
87 KB (2,178 words) - 03:17, 30 July 2020
sepals [3–] 4–5 (–8), distinct, valvate; petals 0 or [3–] 4–5 (–8), distinct; nectary present, intrastaminal, sometimes lining hypanthium; stamens [3–] 4–5
16 KB (532 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
by 2, opposed bracts. Flowers usually pedicellate [± sessile]; perianth actinomorphic or zygomorphic, petaloid, with 2 equal or unequal whorls of 3 tepals
15 KB (556 words) - 06:04, 30 July 2020
elongate in usually 2–4 rows, costa in medial transverse-section usually with a differentiated epidermis adaxially or on both sides, 1 or 2 stereid bands, the
28 KB (882 words) - 07:00, 30 July 2020
flowers with 3–5-parted calyx, ebracteate; stamens 3–5. Pistillate flowers lacking perianth, pistil naked, or in few species with (1–) 3–5-lobed perianth
45 KB (1,022 words) - 09:34, 30 July 2020
usually capitate; ovules 1 or 2 (–5+), basal, marginal, or apical, collateral, superposed, biseriate, or clustered, integuments 2, crassinucellate, with or
23 KB (1,553 words) - 13:58, 30 July 2020
usually as many as and opposite perianth lobes; pistils absent or (1–) 2 (–3); styles 1–3, sometimes with stylopodium; ovary usually superior, half-inferior
21 KB (878 words) - 09:28, 30 July 2020
protuberances to coalescent as vertical ribs; ribs 2–30 [–40+], if ribs 2, stems winged, if ribs 3 or more, stems ± angled; short-shoots (areoles) positioned
40 KB (1,967 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
glabrous or pubescent, rarely hirsute or hispid, trichomes simple or branched, 2–14-rayed, sometimes dendritic, not stellate. Stems erect, ascending, or decumbent
73 KB (2,294 words) - 12:15, 30 July 2020
spreading-hairy (C. exserta), pollen-sacs 2, unequal; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile; stigma capitate, entire, or 2-lobed. Capsules: dehiscence loculicidal
79 KB (2,746 words) - 18:50, 29 July 2020
and androecium hypogynous; sepals (3 or) 4 or 5, proximally connate, calyx radially or bilaterally symmetric; petals 3–5, proximally connate, corolla bilaterally
12 KB (626 words) - 18:58, 29 July 2020
(–10); hypanthium patelliform to cupulate, rarely turbinate, 0.5–2.5 (–5) × (1.5–) 2–7 (–10) mm; sepals (4 or) 5 (–10), spreading at anthesis, lanceolate
31 KB (1,939 words) - 13:53, 30 July 2020
perigynous; hypanthium present; sepals (3–) 4–5 (–12) [–30+], distinct or connate basally (or into tube); petals (3–) 4–5 (–12) [–30+], distinct or connate
18 KB (1,028 words) - 12:59, 30 July 2020
Onagraceae (47 spp.), Campanulaceae (2 spp.), Commelinaceae (2 spp.), Clusiaceae (2 spp.), Iridaceae (3 spp.), Paeoniaceae (2 spp.), and Papaveraceae (1 sp.)
26 KB (2,106 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
the wet habitats in which some species grow Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Herbs, annual or perennial, from tuberous roots, caudices, rhizomes, stolons
15 KB (560 words) - 08:33, 30 July 2020
spreading upon drying), 3–12 × 1.7–10 mm. Phyllaries 10–35 in 3–5 series, midnerves usually ± swollen and translucent, sometimes plus 2–5 secondary nerves (striate
18 KB (1,000 words) - 21:32, 29 July 2020
20. Treatment on page 465. Mentioned on page 3, 9, 12, 18, 458, 459, 461, 462, 466. Annuals or perennials, 2–200 cm (colonial or cespitose, usually ± strongly
62 KB (1,546 words) - 15:28, 15 December 2020
anthers 2-locular; pistil 1, 2-18 [-22] -carpellate; ovary 1-2-locular or incompletely to completely multilocular by placental intrusion; placentas 2 or more
12 KB (425 words) - 08:26, 30 July 2020
sometimes 2-locular proximally (Vaccaria), or 3–5-locular (some Silene); styles 2–3 (–5) (absent in staminate flowers), distinct; stigmas 2–3 (–5) (absent
11 KB (721 words) - 10:22, 30 July 2020
racemes or panicles; bracteoles 2 or absent. Flowers: tepals (4–) 6 in 2 whorls; stamens (2–) 3–6. Capsules 1-locular or 3-locular, septicidal. Seeds many
6 KB (363 words) - 00:56, 30 July 2020
ovary superior, 3-lobed, sometimes crested with processes, 3-locular, usually 2 ovules per locule (6–8 in A. nigrum), crest processes 3 or 6, smooth except
43 KB (1,553 words) - 05:48, 30 July 2020
multiple, the bases not fused into a single column; anthers 1-3; ovaries glabrous; styles 2, separate throughout, bases close. Caryopses often with a free
17 KB (1,499 words) - 04:33, 30 July 2020
cupules bearing 1-3 (-15 or more) pistillate flowers. Staminate flowers bracteate, bracts often caducous; sepals (3-) 4-6 (-8); stamens (3-) 6-12 (-18 or
13 KB (591 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
longer than the lemmas; lodicules 2, without venation, usually ciliate; anthers 3; ovaries with hairy apices; styles 2, bases free. Caryopses ovoid to fusiform
19 KB (1,548 words) - 02:55, 30 July 2020
Triflorae, Crataegus (sect. Coccineae) ser. Virides Loudon Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 2: 816. 1838. James B. Phipps Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on
28 KB (995 words) - 14:38, 30 July 2020
scales usually persistent at base, in cross-section with 2–many roundish bundles, or bundles 2 and lunate. Blade simple to commonly 1–5-pinnate or more
15 KB (567 words) - 00:33, 30 July 2020
unilateralis, Carex vexans, Carex wootonii, Carex xerantica Kunth Enum. Pl. 2: 394. 1837. Joy Mastrogiuseppe, Paul E. Rothrock, A. C. Dibble, A. A. Reznicek
57 KB (937 words) - 01:54, 30 July 2020
stigmatic papillae in 2 lines. Cypselae usually obpyramidal, sometimes clavate, columnar, or obconic (lengths usually 1–2.5, rarely to 3.5 diams.), mostly
13 KB (688 words) - 22:34, 29 July 2020
tubular-salverform, tube base not spurred or gibbous, lobes 5, abaxial 3, adaxial 2; stamens 4, proximally adnate to corolla, didynamous, filaments glabrous
20 KB (1,850 words) - 19:05, 29 July 2020
usually actinomorphic, rarely slightly zygomorphic (in Oenothera), (3 or) 4-merous; stamens 2 times as many, or rarely as many, as sepals; pollen usually shed
5 KB (617 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
lodicules 2 or 3; anthers 1 or 3, sometimes differing in length within a floret; ovaries glabrous throughout or pubescent distally; styles 2 (3-4) -branched
18 KB (1,356 words) - 02:45, 30 July 2020
leaves in capitate glomerules). Involucre ± actinomorphic, not spurred; glands (2–) 4, slightly concave, flat, or slightly convex; appendages petaloid or absent
36 KB (819 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
proximally and/or medially), usually (12–30+) in 3–10+ series, distinct, and unequal, sometimes in 1–2 series, distinct and subequal to equal, medially
25 KB (1,822 words) - 20:30, 29 July 2020
mm, filaments of 2 anterior stamens often with nectaries protruding into spur, anther dehiscence by longitudinal slits; pistil 1, [2–] 3 [–5] -carpellate;
13 KB (963 words) - 11:16, 30 July 2020
hyaline wings; perianth absent; stamens 1–3; styles linear, 2–3-fid, base deciduous or persistent; stigmas 2–3. Achenes biconvex, flattened, or trigonous
7 KB (420 words) - 01:32, 30 July 2020
versatile, dehiscence longitudinal; ovary superior or inferior, 3-locular or occasionally 1-locular, 3-angled, ovoid, or cylindrical, with axillary or rarely parietal
13 KB (701 words) - 06:10, 30 July 2020
shorter than to 2 times longer than achene, retrorsely (to antrorsely) spinulose or sometimes smooth stamens 1–3; styles linear, 2–3-fid, base (tubercle)
13 KB (1,127 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
glumes, occasionally below the pedicels. Spikelets with 1 (2-3) florets. Glumes usually (0) 1 (2-3) -veined, apices entire, erose, or toothed, truncate to
42 KB (1,621 words) - 04:38, 30 July 2020
not treated as a distinct structure here). Involucres 1 per node, rarely 2–3 per cluster, not appressed to inflorescence branches, turbinate to campanulate;
24 KB (947 words) - 10:41, 30 July 2020
spurred, 8-24 mm; lateral sepals 2, ± ovate to elliptic, 8-18 mm; lower sepals 2, similar to lateral sepals; upper petals 2, spurred, enclosed in upper sepal
9 KB (574 words) - 08:34, 30 July 2020
orange or red-orange (apices usually ± deeply divided, lobes usually 3, sometimes 2). Disc-florets 1–200+, bisexual and fertile, or functionally staminate;
15 KB (799 words) - 23:36, 29 July 2020
cylindric, turbinate, or hemispheric or broader. Phyllaries persistent, 3–34+ in ± 2 series (usually distinct, notably connate in Thelesperma), usually ±
12 KB (744 words) - 23:22, 29 July 2020
absent, auricles 2, coronal appendages 2, variously shaped or dissected; limb usually exserted and conspicuous, oblanceolate to obovate, apex 2-lobed, sometimes
36 KB (1,364 words) - 10:24, 30 July 2020
triplets usually with 1 sessile and 2 pedicellate spikelets, terminal spikelet units on the branches often with 2 pedicellate spikelets even if the others
31 KB (2,561 words) - 04:21, 30 July 2020
Sida spinosa, Sida tragiifolia, Sida ulmifolia, Sida urens Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 683. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 306. 1754. Paul A. Fryxell†, Steven R. Hill Common
13 KB (672 words) - 11:32, 30 July 2020
rounded or pointed tip, or stigmas slenderly or broadly cylindrical, or 2 plump lobes. 2n = 38 (29), 57 (1), 76 (16), 95 (1), 114 (4), unknown (21). North America
52 KB (888 words) - 11:54, 30 July 2020
reflexed, recurved, or revolute leaf margin (false indusium). Sporangia stalk of 2–3 rows of cells; annulus vertical, interrupted by stalk; spores 64 or 32 (rarely
15 KB (634 words) - 00:29, 30 July 2020
are closed for at least 3/4 their length; those such as F. saximontana, in which they are closed from 1/3 to slightly more than 1/2 their length; and those
52 KB (3,291 words) - 03:08, 30 July 2020
margins ciliate or eciliate, auriculate, auricles prominent or not; upper 2 and lateral 2 petals showy, 5+ mm, lowest petal showy, not narrowed at middle of limb;
39 KB (2,374 words) - 11:16, 30 July 2020
usually glabrous, margins involute; upper paleas striate; lodicules 2; anthers 3. Caryopses smooth; pericarp thin; endosperm hard; hila round or oval
26 KB (1,343 words) - 04:00, 30 July 2020
filiform leaves (2–7 cm), notably small heads in corymbiform arrays, ± 13 phyllaries 3–4 mm, and 7–8 ray florets with corolla laminae 2–3 mm. G. L. Nesom
30 KB (1,295 words) - 21:10, 29 July 2020
longer than achene, seldom smooth; stamens 2–3; styles undivided or shallowly 2-fid, or deeply cleft into 2 (–3) linear stigmatic branches; style base persistent
38 KB (1,253 words) - 01:40, 30 July 2020
campanulate, salverform, or funnelform; stamens (2–) 3–5, with 4 mostly connate in pairs, appearing as only (1–) 3 stamens; anthers connate or distinct, pepos
19 KB (877 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
present, often glandular; blade ± ovate to narrowly elliptic or obovate, (1.2–) 2–8 (–12) cm, wider leaves shallowly to deeply incised (rarely pinnately compound)
26 KB (2,400 words) - 15:31, 15 December 2020
radially symmetric, sometimes slightly irregular (in Montia); sepals 2–9; petals (1–) 2–19 or sometimes absent, distinct or connate basally; stamens 1–many
13 KB (722 words) - 09:43, 30 July 2020
usually 1–2 times diams.), glabrous or hairy (faces and/or angles); pappi 0, or (often readily falling or fragile, sometimes persistent) usually of (1–) 2 (–8+)
10 KB (633 words) - 23:14, 29 July 2020
falling, of 2 (–3) usually lanceolate, aristate, or erose scales (at the 2 principal angles, 1–5 mm) plus 0–8 usually shorter scales (0.2–2 mm). x = 17
32 KB (1,118 words) - 23:14, 29 July 2020
Leaves basal and cauline; finely bristly-dentate to coarsely dentate or 1–3 times pinnately lobed, teeth and lobes bristly-tipped, faces green and glabrous
60 KB (2,205 words) - 13:43, 10 February 2021
and smooth, knobby, notched, or antrorsely or retrorsely barbed, (2) dendritic, and/or (3) stinging. Leaves alternate [opposite], simple; stipules absent;
12 KB (698 words) - 18:33, 29 July 2020
sometimes minutely stipitate-glandular, sometimes resinous. Pappus bristles in 2–3 series (shorter, outer setiform scales rarely present, outer, longer bristles
3 KB (603 words) - 21:32, 29 July 2020
connate proximally, sepaloid, dimorphic, outer 3 remaining small, inner 3 usually enlarging, sometimes 1–3 with central vein transformed into tuberculate
41 KB (1,085 words) - 10:05, 30 July 2020
short (less than 1 cm), medium (1–3 cm), long (more than 3 cm); leaves: small (less than 1.5 mm), medium (1.5–3 mm), large (3–4 mm), robust (more than 4 mm)
20 KB (757 words) - 07:35, 30 July 2020
crests; upper paleas striate, rarely transversely rugose; lodicules 2; anthers usually 3. Caryopses smooth; pericarp thin; endosperm hard, without lipid,
26 KB (1,480 words) - 04:05, 30 July 2020
explanate, rarely saccate, dehiscing completely, rarely incompletely, distal 1/5–2/3 sometimes indehiscent, connective splitting, rarely not, sides glabrous, rarely
36 KB (1,140 words) - 19:13, 29 July 2020
obconic to campanulate or hemispheric. Phyllaries persistent, mostly 3–18 in 1–2 series, (erect or reflexed in fruit) distinct or connate, mostly elliptic
11 KB (627 words) - 23:52, 29 July 2020
linear, oblanceolate, oblong, obovate, ovate, rhombic, or spatulate, often 1–2-pinnately or ternately lobed (lobes mostly filiform to linear, lanceolate,
17 KB (818 words) - 23:57, 29 July 2020
4-6 cm; leaf blades 1.5-2.5 cm. Ribes lobbii 45 Inflorescences 2-3 cm; leaf blades 2.5-3.5 cm. Ribes marshallii 46 Stamen lengths 3-5 times petals > 47 46
23 KB (1,464 words) - 13:16, 30 July 2020
Hypericum (Guttiferae) 4(3). Section 9. Hypericum sensu lato (part 3): subsection 1. Hypericum series 2. Senanensia, subsection 2. Erecta and section 9b
13 KB (922 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
longitudinally bowed-out by the caryopses, 2-keeled, keels usually ciliate, intercostal region membranous or hyaline; anthers 2-3; ovaries glabrous; styles free to
33 KB (1,388 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
winged; pollen (3 or) 4–11-colpate. Fruits silicles or siliques, dehiscent, unsegmented, terete, latiseptate, or angustiseptate; ovules 2–100 per ovary;
6 KB (496 words) - 12:35, 30 July 2020
winged; pollen 3-colpate. Fruits silicles or siliques, usually dehiscent, very rarely indehiscent, unsegmented, latiseptate or terete; ovules 2–70 (–88) [–110+]
6 KB (479 words) - 12:07, 30 July 2020
Engler and K. Prantl in H. G. A. Engler and K. Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 55[III,2]: 155. 1891. Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment
6 KB (525 words) - 11:59, 30 July 2020
tips. Rhizomes present or absent, without bulb; tubers rarely present (in 8a3. Eleocharis sect. Parvulae), terminating rhizomes or among culm bases. Culms
37 KB (456 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
exostome (except in Homalotheciella), basal membrane 1/2–1/3 endostome length, segments broad, cilia 2 or 3), sometimes modified (for example, exostome teeth
28 KB (900 words) - 07:47, 30 July 2020
veins. Inflorescences spikes, usually exserted, with 1-3 (5) spikelets per node, internodes (1.5) 2-26 mm; rachises with scabridulous, scabrous, or ciliate
45 KB (3,070 words) - 03:00, 30 July 2020
longitudinally; ovary superior, 2–5-merous; placentation axile to parietal; ovules 1–2+ on each placenta, anatropous; styles 2–5, distinct or basally [to completely]
10 KB (558 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
transverse-section semiterete, occasionally terete, elliptical or reniform, with 2 or occasionally with 3–6 adaxial cells near base, usually not markedly larger than abaxial
11 KB (588 words) - 06:48, 30 July 2020
not, anthers 2-locular with 1 line of dehiscence or 4-locular with 2 lines of dehiscence; ovary superior, 1-locular; ovules 1 or, rarely, 2–many; style
12 KB (586 words) - 09:40, 30 July 2020
as sepals, distinct or connate, sessile or on androgynophore; ovules (1–) 2–many per ovary. Fruits usually capsules, sometimes follicles, schizocarps,
10 KB (850 words) - 11:21, 30 July 2020
rarely cymose-paniculate, paniculate or racemose, open or diffuse; bracts 3 (–8), semileaflike or more often scalelike. Peduncles absent or erect, ascending
30 KB (1,075 words) - 10:46, 30 July 2020
peristome single, usually of 16 lanceolate teeth, deeply divided into 2 or rarely 3 divisions, usually vertically striolate or pitted-striolate proximally
14 KB (515 words) - 06:54, 30 July 2020
imbricate in bud, unequal with 3 outer sepals, 1 upper and 2 lower (these 2 sometimes connate and appearing as 1 or 2-lobed), 2 lateral inner sepals (wings)
16 KB (1,157 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
6, connate 2/3 their length, monomorphic or dimorphic, entire, emarginate, or lobed to laciniate apically; stamens 3, 6, or 9, or variously 3–9; filaments
23 KB (1,142 words) - 10:54, 30 July 2020
reduced; pistil 1, 2 (–3) -carpellate; ovary inferior, usually 2-locular proximally, 1-locular distally; placentation axile; ovules 1–2 per locule, pendulous;
14 KB (815 words) - 08:47, 30 July 2020
into shallow cup); stamens 1, 2, or 3–10; filaments distinct or connate; ovary (stipitate or sessile), 2-carpellate; ovules (2–) 4–24 (–42) per ovary; styles
35 KB (4,327 words) - 12:03, 30 July 2020
symmetric; perianth 1–2-seriate; sepals [2–] 3 [–4], distinct or connate; petals [2–] 3 [–4], distinct or variously connate; androecium: stamens [3–] 6–34 [–1000];
20 KB (1,128 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
lanceolate to linear, entire, perforated or cribrose, variously split into 2 or 3 unequal prongs or divided nearly to the base into two filiform somewhat
13 KB (824 words) - 06:47, 30 July 2020
pale or ± darkened; stigmatic papillae in 2 lines. Cypselae mostly clavate to obpyramidal (lengths usually 2–3+ times diams.), glabrous or hairy; pappi
11 KB (674 words) - 23:30, 29 July 2020
sometimes zygomorphic and raylike or ± 2-lipped). Peripheral (pistillate) florets 0 or (in disciform heads) in 1–3+ series; corollas (usually present) usually
15 KB (836 words) - 20:05, 29 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Treatment on page 197. Roots 2-80 cm, tuberlike or fibrous, dry or fleshy; buds often less than 3 mm. Stems 1-8 (-19) per root;
3 KB (434 words) - 08:42, 30 July 2020
staminodes present or absent; pistil 3-carpellate (5–7-carpellate in M. decapetala), placentae parietal; stigma lingulate, 3-lobed (5–7-lobed in M. decapetala)
16 KB (1,025 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
1/5–1/3 indehiscent, rarely completely, connective splitting or not, sides glabrous, papillate, or hairy, sutures denticulate, teeth to 0.1–0.2 mm, sometimes
29 KB (982 words) - 19:10, 29 July 2020
interlocking, densely or sparsely covered in simple hairs; nuts 1-3 per cupule, planoconvex, or if 3, then central nut often reduced and flattened, or if solitary
8 KB (435 words) - 08:38, 30 July 2020
dehiscence; ovary superior, 2–3-locular; ovules 1-seriate [2-seriate]; style 1, simple, usually slender; stigma 1, simple [rarely slightly 3-lobed], enlarged or
10 KB (456 words) - 00:54, 30 July 2020
sepals (3–) 4–5 [–7], distinct or connate proximally; petals 0 or (3–) 4–5 [–7], distinct; nectary present, rudimentary, or absent; stamens 3–5 [–10],
13 KB (513 words) - 18:16, 29 July 2020
slightly angustiseptate; ovules [2–] 4–250 per ovary; style usually distinct, rarely obsolete; stigma usually entire, rarely 2-lobed. Seeds biseriate, sub-biseriate
6 KB (495 words) - 12:15, 30 July 2020
panicles or racemes; perulae absent; bracts much shorter than sepals; bracteoles 2 or absent (Arctostaphylos, Arctous). Flowers pendulous; sepals (4-) 5; petals
6 KB (358 words) - 12:54, 30 July 2020
(usually hairy at base); anthers (dark red), with 2 (recurved), dorsal awns, dehiscent by terminal pores; ovary 2–10-locular; stigma capitate. Drupes red, reddish-brown
41 KB (2,034 words) - 13:11, 30 July 2020
at anthesis, usually distinct or slightly connate basally, [connate for 1/3–2/3 their lengths], yellow, white, pink, purple, or reddish, sometimes red-lineolate
21 KB (778 words) - 13:02, 30 July 2020
slits; pistil 1, 2–5-carpellate, ovary superior, 4–5-locular, placentation axile or apical-axile; ovules 2 per locule, anatropous; styles 2–5, distinct or
10 KB (483 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
on distal 1/3 with central column disintegrating; pedicellate or sessile. Seeds usually numerous (1–100+ per locule), usually in 1, rarely 2, rows per locule
32 KB (1,609 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
annular, 5 glands, or absent; pistil (1–) 3-carpellate; styles (1–) 3, distinct or connate basally, unbranched, 2-fid, or multifid. Fruits usually capsules
24 KB (874 words) - 18:18, 29 July 2020
hemispheric or turbinate-cylindric, (2.5–) 3–22 (–25) mm diam. Phyllaries persistent or tardily falling, 18–40 in (2–) 3–7 series, not notably nerved, ovate
24 KB (826 words) - 22:52, 29 July 2020
red, white, or yellow; stamens (3–) 5–150+; filaments distinct or basally connate; ovaries superior, 2-carpellate, 3-carpellate, 5-carpellate, or 6–12-carpellate;
9 KB (407 words) - 11:39, 30 July 2020
(1 spikelet of the pair reduced in some species), in 2 rows along 1 side of the branches, with 2 florets, first rachilla segment not swollen, upper glumes
22 KB (1,167 words) - 04:18, 30 July 2020
often spotted, flecked or streaked with red, purple, or white; stamens 8, in 2 equal or unequal series, or 4 in 1 series, filaments filiform or expanded distally
19 KB (745 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
abaxial lobes 3, adaxial 2; stamens 4, adnate proximal to middle of corolla, didynamous, filaments glabrous or hairy, staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation
49 KB (1,607 words) - 18:59, 29 July 2020
truncate, not ciliate, not or scarcely veined; anthers 1, 2, or 3; ovaries glabrous; styles 2-branched, bases persistent, branches plumose distally. Caryopses
12 KB (1,001 words) - 03:20, 30 July 2020
more superior in fruit, 2 (–3) -locular; placentation axile (when connate); styles 2 (–3); stigmas 2–3. Capsules folliclelike or 2 (–3) -beaked. Seeds brown
27 KB (988 words) - 13:15, 30 July 2020
campanulate, cylindric, hemispheric, obconic, or turbinate, (4–19+ ×) 2–18 mm. Phyllaries 8–60 in 2–7 series (often in vertical ranks), 1-nerved (midnerves obscure
23 KB (1,156 words) - 22:11, 29 July 2020
or cylindric; sporophylls overlapping, bearing 2 abaxial microsporangia (pollen-sacs); pollen spheric, 2-winged, less commonly with wings reduced to frill
13 KB (769 words) - 00:23, 30 July 2020
ovary inferior, greenish at anthesis, 3-locular, succulent, thickwalled, ovules numerous; style subulate; stigma 3-lobed, glandular, capitate, papillate
24 KB (1,110 words) - 06:12, 30 July 2020
spines. Leaves alternate, opposite, or fascicled, simple, 2-3-foliolate, or 1-3-pinnately or 2-3 (-4) -ternately compound; stipules present or absent; venation
10 KB (398 words) - 08:43, 30 July 2020
pistils 1, 2-carpellate; ovary partly to completely inferior, 1-locular; placentation parietal; ovules anatropous, bitegmic, crassinucellate; styles 2, distinct
7 KB (319 words) - 13:12, 30 July 2020
per spikelet. Flowers: anthers 0.2–2.5 mm; styles 2-fid or 3-fid. Achenes variously colored, biconvex to trigonous, 0.4–2 mm, smooth to markedly sculptured
4 KB (429 words) - 02:16, 30 July 2020
campanulate, cylindric, funnelform, or hemispheric, 3–15 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 5–28 in (1–) 2 (–3) series (distinct, linear to ovate, equal or subequal
8 KB (548 words) - 23:47, 29 July 2020
styles 1 or 3, occasionally 2 or 5, distinct or sometimes connate proximally; stigmas 3, occasionally 2 or 5. Fruits capsules, opening by 3 or 5, occasionally
9 KB (538 words) - 10:03, 30 July 2020
corollas filiform; corollas of 1–3 pistillate florets in heads of A. bigelovii sometimes ± 2-lobed, weakly raylike). Disc-florets 2–20 (–30+), bisexual and fertile
14 KB (1,396 words) - 20:45, 29 July 2020
campanulate to hemispheric, 2–6+ mm diam.; pistillate turbinate or campanulate to cylindric, 3–7 (–9+) mm diam. Phyllaries in 3–6+ series, usually relatively
38 KB (2,648 words) - 20:30, 29 July 2020
sometimes 1–2 (–4) scales aristate, or of 1–2 (–6) or 8–35 bristles. sw United States, Mexico, South America (1 species) Genera 5, species 67 (2 genera, 36
7 KB (521 words) - 23:47, 29 July 2020
stamens 6, alternating in 2 whorls of 3, erect, incurved, or divergent; filaments mostly short, basally expanded; anthers 2-locular, ± equaling or longer
30 KB (822 words) - 06:13, 30 July 2020
petals 0; nectary absent; pistil 3-carpellate; styles 3, distinct or connate basally to most of length, unbranched or 2-fid. Fruits capsules, tardily dehiscent
18 KB (1,360 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
differentiated from blade or distinct, (apex rounded); stamens usually in 3 unequal pairs, rarely tetradynamous; filaments not dilated basally, (adaxial
23 KB (1,011 words) - 12:00, 30 July 2020
to adhere to and cover the stem. Branch fascicles typically with 2 spreading and 1–2 pendent branches, but there may up to 12 (–14) per fascicle. Branch
16 KB (943 words) - 06:58, 30 July 2020
Lepidium thurberi, Lepidium tiehmii, Lepidium virginicum Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 643. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 291. 1754. Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, John F. Gaskin
29 KB (1,412 words) - 12:33, 30 July 2020
[–35]; filaments free or basally adnate to gynophore (or along proximal 1/3–1/2 in Gynandropsis) or androgynophore, glabrous or pubescent; anthers dehiscing
16 KB (756 words) - 12:06, 30 July 2020
flowers; pistil 1, 2 [–3] -carpellate, ovary superior, 2 [–3] -locular, placentation axile, sometimes appearing parietal; ovules 2 per locule, apotropous
10 KB (550 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
1 Petals white. > 2 2 Anther epidermis papillate. > 3 3 Leaf blade widest intersinus distances 9.5–29 mm. Mentzelia hualapaiensis 3 Leaf blade widest intersinus
20 KB (775 words) - 18:32, 29 July 2020
membranous or chartaceous, 1 (3) -veined, unawned; paleas glabrous, 2-veined, often splitting between the veins at maturity; anthers (2) 3. Fruits utricles or achenes
22 KB (1,094 words) - 04:32, 30 July 2020
usually 1-3-veined, acute to acuminate; florets terete or weakly laterally compressed; calluses well-developed, hirsute; lemmas fusiform, 3-veined, convolute
23 KB (1,150 words) - 04:51, 30 July 2020
Lobatae, Quercus sect. Protobalanus, Quercus sect. Quercus Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 994. 175. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 431. 1754. Kevin C. Nixon Common names: Oak chêne
13 KB (1,271 words) - 08:47, 30 July 2020
into 2 rounded or triangular lobes (style crests); stigma a lip of tissue on adaxial surface of style arm at base of crest; ovary terete or roundly 3-angled
20 KB (1,129 words) - 06:06, 30 July 2020
Quercus virginiana Linneaus Kevin C. Nixon Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Trees or shrubs, evergreen or deciduous. Bark nearly white, gray, brown, or
27 KB (606 words) - 08:45, 30 July 2020
leaves, 1–64 (–90) [–100] -flowered, racemes, corymbs, umbellate fascicles, 2-flowered fascicles, or solitary; bracts sometimes present; bracteoles present
43 KB (1,828 words) - 14:17, 30 July 2020
orange-pink, elliptic to oblong; styles (2–) 3, mostly spreading, distinct or connate proximally; stigmas 2–3, capitate. Achenes included or exserted,
11 KB (904 words) - 10:08, 30 July 2020
axile; ovules 2 per locule, anatropous or hemitropous; styles [2–] 3–10 [–15], distinct or connate, unbranched or 2-fid; stigmas [2–] 3–10 [–15] (as many
13 KB (776 words) - 18:34, 29 July 2020
margins entire; stamens as many as sepals in 1 series, or 2 times as many as sepals in 2 subequal or unequal series; anthers versatile, on smallest flowers
30 KB (1,654 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
bisexual and lateral flowers female), bracteoles absent; perianth segments (3–) 5, usually connate at base, sometimes almost to middle or beyond, not imbricate
19 KB (716 words) - 09:29, 30 July 2020
oblong or ovate to obovate, 3.5-40 mm; petals usually absent (present in A. patens), distinct, plane, obovate to elliptic, 1.5-2 mm; nectary present; stamens
19 KB (1,214 words) - 15:30, 15 December 2020
paleas less than 1/2 as long as the lemmas; lodicules usually present, 2, free, membranous, glabrous, heavily vascularized; anthers 1-3; ovaries glabrous;
11 KB (771 words) - 04:51, 30 July 2020
arranged; foliage leaves (needles) (1–) 2–5 (–6) per fascicle, persisting 2–12 or more years, terete or ± 2–3-angled and rounded on abaxial surface, sessile
29 KB (1,428 words) - 00:26, 30 July 2020
semileaflike at proximal node, 0.3–2.5 × 0.2–1.8 cm, usually scalelike distally, 1–5 × 0.5–3 mm. Involucres 1 per node, turbinate to campanulate, 1–6 × (1–) 1.5–10
27 KB (1,609 words) - 10:41, 30 July 2020
then typically furcate or bifurcate, often imperfectly so (2 + 1 branches, rather than 2 + 2). Trichome rays are usually appressed or parallel to surfaces
40 KB (1,647 words) - 11:54, 30 July 2020
541, 542, 543, 545, 548, 580, 582, 584. Annuals, biennials, or perennials, 3–100+ cm (rhizomatous or taprooted, often with relatively thin, branched fibrous-roots)
40 KB (1,171 words) - 21:16, 29 July 2020
long-pedicellate; sepals persistent, 3; petals deciduous, 3, delicate; stamens 0, 6, 9, or to 30, distinct; anthers 2-loculed, dehiscing longitudinally;
9 KB (384 words) - 00:56, 30 July 2020
or thickened; carpels 3–5 (or 6) [–8], distinct, free or adnate to hypanthium base, styles moreorless terminal, distinct; ovules 2–5, apical, collateral
7 KB (338 words) - 14:24, 30 July 2020
Cardamine rotundifolia, Cardamine rupicola, Cardamine umbellata Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 654. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 295. 1754. Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, Karol Marhold
23 KB (1,239 words) - 12:23, 30 July 2020
glabrous or hairy; pappi 0, or coroniform, or of 2–8+ scales or teeth. North America, Mexico Genera 2, species 30 (2 genera, 27 species in the flora). The genera
9 KB (600 words) - 23:53, 29 July 2020
basally, free from petal for at least 1/2 its length, forming flap covering nectary (or sometimes attached on 3 sides, forming pocket in R. recurvatus)
12 KB (516 words) - 08:37, 30 July 2020
occasionally androgynous, or the distal 1–3 staminate, pedunculate or subsessile, prophyllate, at least 2 times as long as wide; terminal spikes staminate
16 KB (761 words) - 02:00, 30 July 2020
basally, 3-toothed,5-toothed, or 6-toothed, with or without membranous or scarious margins; teeth erect to spreading or divergent, connate at least 1/2 their
6 KB (749 words) - 10:54, 30 July 2020
or white, strongly bilabiate, cylindric to funnelform, abaxial lobes 3, adaxial 2, adaxial lip galeate, enclosing anthers and style, beaked or beakless
19 KB (1,040 words) - 19:27, 29 July 2020
warped, 2–7 × 2–7 mm, glabrous, commonly bearing 1–4 large, shallow depressions due to pressures from adjacent developing seeds; girdle protruding 0.3–3.5 mm
34 KB (1,067 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
Brickellia venosa, Brickellia veronicifolia Elliott Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 2: 290. 1823. Randall W. Scott Etymology: For John Brickell, 1748–1809, Irish-born
17 KB (617 words) - 22:47, 29 July 2020
1; style 0.1–1 mm, or absent; stigmas 2–3 (–5), slender. Staminate flowers: tepals 3–5, equal or subequal; stamens 3–5, filaments distinct, anthers 4-locular
32 KB (1,366 words) - 09:41, 30 July 2020
virginianum, Linum westii (Reichenbach) Engelmann Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5): 25. 1852. Nancy R. Morin Basionym: Linopsis Reichenbach Handb. Nat. Pfl
12 KB (469 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
carpels 2–200 (–220), glabrous, styles subterminal; ovule 1. Fruits aggregated achenes, (1–) 2–200 (–220), obliquely ovoid to reniform, 0.8–3 mm, glabrous;
16 KB (987 words) - 14:06, 30 July 2020
crimson; carpels (3–) 20–40 (–65), styles free exsert (0.5–) 1–2.5 (–4) mm, pilose, stylar orifice 1–3 mm diam., hypanthial disc flat, 2–5 (–10) mm diam
24 KB (1,103 words) - 13:51, 30 July 2020
absent. Flowers in multiflowered heads (rarely only 2– or 3 flowers per head). Capsules 1-locular or 3-locular, beaked. Seeds tailed or not tailed. x = 20
13 KB (391 words) - 01:01, 30 July 2020
absent; stigmas 3. Fruits capsular, 3-locular, 3-angled or winged, linear, oblong, or globular, dehiscence septicidal. Seeds many, in 2 rows per locule
21 KB (685 words) - 05:34, 30 July 2020
complanate-foliate or julaceous, irregularly branched to regularly 1-pinnate or 2-pinnate; hyalodermis 1-stratose or absent, central strand present or absent;
15 KB (450 words) - 07:51, 30 July 2020
dehiscing incompletely, distal 1/5–2/3 indehiscent, connective splitting, sides glabrous or hairy, sutures denticulate, teeth to 0.3 mm; staminode included to exserted
19 KB (771 words) - 19:16, 29 July 2020
(0–)1–2; petals white or purple-tinged; leaf blades lobed, maplelike; plants (0.4–)0.8–1.5(–2) m. Sidalcea malachroides 7 Involucellar bractlets (2)3; petals
21 KB (668 words) - 11:33, 30 July 2020
usually shorter than the lemmas; lodicules 2, glabrous, not veined; anthers 3; ovaries with hairy apices; styles 2, bases free. Caryopses narrowly ellipsoid
9 KB (822 words) - 02:52, 30 July 2020
ovules. Seeds 1–20 per scale, not winged or with 2–3 symmetric or asymmetric wings; aril lacking; cotyledons 2–9. Widespread in temperate regions Pollination
17 KB (1,137 words) - 00:30, 30 July 2020
bilaterally symmetric about 1 plane or each of 2 perpendicular planes; pedicel present; sepals caducous or persistent, 2, thin; petals 4, distinct or coherent basally
10 KB (421 words) - 08:24, 30 July 2020
actinomorphic, not spurred; glands 4–5 (2–3 in E. oblongata), flat or slightly convex; appendages absent or hornlike, 2, slender with attenuate or rounded tips
19 KB (827 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
Leaves 3-ranked, occasionally nearly 2-ranked. Staminate flowers: perianth of 4 (–6) sepals, well defined, minute, membranaceous. Pistillate flowers 2–3 per
5 KB (331 words) - 08:39, 30 July 2020
turbinate or broadly campanulate, 1–12+ mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 3–21+ in 1–2 series (connate to 7/8+ their lengths, usually streaked and/or dotted
11 KB (696 words) - 15:28, 15 December 2020
prolonged 1-3 mm, apices usually rounded; lodicules 2 or 3, membranous, not lobed; anthers 3, 1.5-6 mm, sometimes penicillate; ovaries with 2 style-branches
28 KB (2,014 words) - 02:45, 30 July 2020
or gibbous, lobes 4, abaxial 3, adaxial 1; stamens 2, basally adnate to corolla, filaments glabrous; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile;
20 KB (967 words) - 19:23, 29 July 2020
1 series and laminae (3–) 5–18 (–21) × 0.8–2.8 mm, sometimes 14–110+ in 2–5+ series (sect. Conyzopsis) and laminae 4.5–5 × 0.1–0.2 mm or reduced to tubes
7 KB (663 words) - 21:03, 29 July 2020
axis after maturity by threadlike extension of dorsal vein. Seeds 1 or 2 (or 3) per mericarp, glabrous or slightly pubescent. x = 5. w, c North America
14 KB (589 words) - 11:36, 30 July 2020
ovoid, orbiculate, or suborbiculate, 1–3 cm, membranous or leathery, rugose or smooth, dull or lustrous; leaflets (3–) 5–11 (–13), lateral subsessile, terminal
23 KB (1,822 words) - 13:48, 30 July 2020
adaxial 2; stamens 4, didynamous; filaments glabrate to lanate; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile; stigma linear, rarely 2-lobed (A. neoscotica)
23 KB (952 words) - 19:30, 29 July 2020
page 3, 6. Annuals, biennials, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs (usually taprooted, perennating bases sometimes woody, sometimes rhizomes), mostly 3–150
16 KB (907 words) - 23:04, 29 July 2020
into at least blade and stipule. The stipule may be adnate to the blade for 1/3 or less the length of the stipule. Venation in the stipule is parallel, and
23 KB (1,207 words) - 00:56, 30 July 2020
flowers); stamens (2–) 3–4 (–6), opposite petals, distinct, adnate to petals; anthers dehiscing by transverse-slits or pores; pistil 1, 2 [–3] -carpellate,
12 KB (866 words) - 18:24, 29 July 2020
nectary fleshy, free from hypanthium; stamens 6 (–8); ovary 1/2-inferior, 3-locular; styles 3 (sometimes 4 in C. jepsonii), connate basally. Fruits capsules
10 KB (807 words) - 18:19, 29 July 2020
bearing spikelets abaxially, in 2 rows, usually in unequally pedicellate groups of 2-5, occasionally borne singly. Spikelets 1.2-8.2 mm, lanceoloid to ellipsoid
23 KB (1,318 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
surface smooth or toothed, adaxial surface rarely toothed, teeth of 1 (–3) cells, 1 or 2 stereid bands present, rarely absent, (abaxial stereid band U-shaped
16 KB (638 words) - 07:40, 30 July 2020
superior, usually green, 3-locular or 6-locular with false septa, 6-lobed; style white to dark green, often thick; stigmas usually 3, sometimes 1 and subcapitate
17 KB (687 words) - 06:11, 30 July 2020
thickened, fleshy roots. Stems scapelike or branched, compressed, and 2-winged. Leaves 2–6, basal or basal and cauline, alternate, basally equitant; blade
23 KB (1,162 words) - 06:04, 30 July 2020
1 to many spikelets. Spikelets 2-12 mm, subterete to strongly laterally compressed, sometimes bulbiferous; florets (1) 2-8 (13); rachilla internodes smooth
9 KB (1,015 words) - 03:17, 30 July 2020
pubescent, rarely glabrous; beak straight or bent, 0.5–2.3 mm, bidentate, teeth 0.2–0.5 mm. Stigmas (2–) 3. Achenes trigonous, rarely biconvex, almost as large
16 KB (801 words) - 01:21, 30 July 2020
tapering, often abruptly beaked, glabrous; beak 0.3–3 mm, with abaxial suture, bidentate. Stigmas 2. Achenes biconvex, smaller than bodies of perigynia;
15 KB (529 words) - 01:49, 30 July 2020
of perianth; sepals 3, occasionally ridged abaxially, 3.1–12 × 0.6–2.6 cm, apex usually acute; petals 3, ridged abaxially, with 2 adaxial longitudinal
37 KB (2,628 words) - 05:42, 30 July 2020
grooved, convex, or flat adaxially, often not glandular, sometimes with 1 or 2 pairs of spherical glands distally; largest medial blade amphistomatous, hemiamphistomatous
22 KB (876 words) - 12:17, 30 July 2020
distinct; staminodes absent; styles [2–] 3 (–5), capitate to clavate, 0.2–7 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas [2–] 3 (–5), terminal or subterminal, papillate
21 KB (985 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
1-locular; styles 1–3, distinct or sometimes connate proximally; stigmas 2 or 3. Fruits utricles, indehiscent or sometimes opening by 3 or 8–10 valves; carpophore
9 KB (597 words) - 10:32, 30 July 2020
styles 1–2 (–3), distinct or often connate proximally 1/10–9/10 of length, subcapitate to filiform, 0.07–3.2 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 2 (–3), subterminal
21 KB (1,113 words) - 10:32, 30 July 2020
lobes 3, middle lobe tightly revolute, tip distinctly folded inside-out, adaxial 2, adaxial lip galeate, rounded at apex, opening downward; stamens (2 or)
10 KB (460 words) - 18:57, 29 July 2020
lanceolate, or ovate, [0.3–] 0.4–15 (–21) cm, leathery to membranous, margins flat or revolute, entire, venation pinnate, 2–14 pairs, surfaces often hairy
31 KB (1,652 words) - 14:31, 30 July 2020
to corolla, didynamous or equal, staminode 0 or 1; pistil 1, 2-carpellate, ovary superior, 2-locular or 4-locular (partition incomplete and ovary 1-locular
15 KB (926 words) - 19:11, 29 July 2020
page 82. Mentioned on page 77, 86, 87, 88, 89, 93, 94. Leaves (2–) 3.5–15 (–18) cm; leaflets 3–11 (–13), margins usually serrate, rarely deeply incised or
5 KB (546 words) - 13:49, 30 July 2020
sometimes prominent and 2-lobed; stamens 10 (8–10 in M. godfreyi), arising from hypanthium; filaments distinct; staminodes absent; styles 3 (to 4 in M. cumberlandensis
25 KB (1,236 words) - 10:19, 30 July 2020
Gray in War Department [U.S.] in War Department [U.S.], Pacif. Railr. Rep. 6(3): 72, plate 11. 1858. Barbara Ertter, James L. Reveal Etymology: For Eli Ives
19 KB (1,253 words) - 14:03, 30 July 2020
Receptacles glabrous (paleate in A. palmeri). Florets: usually peripheral 3–20 pistillate and fertile (0 pistillate in A. nesiotica, A. palmeri); central
11 KB (598 words) - 20:49, 29 July 2020
inflated, often bracteate. Calyculi 0 or of 3–13 (–16+), deltate to lanceolate or linear bractlets (in 1–2+ series; sometimes intergrading with phyllaries)
26 KB (1,108 words) - 20:14, 29 July 2020
Petiole in cross-section with 2 crescent-shaped vascular-bundles at base. Blade pinnate to pinnate-pinnatifid, rarely more than 2-pinnate [simple]; rachis grooved
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attenuate; lower glumes 1 (3) -veined; upper glumes 3-veined; calluses hairy, hairs 0.2-6.5 mm, sparse to abundant; lemmas 3 (5) -veined, smooth or scabrous
24 KB (1,813 words) - 02:43, 30 July 2020
stamens 5, adnate to petal bases; ovary globose, ovules 3 or 6; style 1; stigmas 3. Capsules 3-valved, longitudinally dehiscent from apex, valves not deciduous
16 KB (646 words) - 09:44, 30 July 2020
or yellow); ovary 1/2 inferior, carpels completely connate, 1-locular; placentation parietal; styles 2; stigmas 2 (–3). Capsules 2-beaked. Seeds dark-brown
26 KB (1,593 words) - 12:56, 30 July 2020
isodiametric, 6–24 µm, papillose only over lumina, papillae 1–4 per cell, conic or 2-fid; marginal cells gradually shorter than basal. Sexual condition gonioautoicous
24 KB (641 words) - 07:46, 30 July 2020
short-pilose, not glandular. Inflorescences cymose, open or diffuse; bracts 3, connate basally, scalelike. Peduncles usually absent, when present restricted
19 KB (884 words) - 10:50, 30 July 2020
Involucres obconic to ellipsoid, 1–3 (–5+) mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 7–15+ in 2–3 (–4+) series, (usually green) 2–3-nerved, or not notably nerved, or
17 KB (791 words) - 22:42, 29 July 2020
articulated). Flowers 7–45 mm diam.; sepals deciduous or persistent, (2–) 4–5; petals deciduous, (3–) 4–5; stamens usually persistent, sometimes deciduous, 30–650
13 KB (445 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
covering surface; paraphyses present or absent; sporangia with stalk of 2 or 3 rows of cells; indusia absent. Spores usually transparent or yellowish (rarely
9 KB (348 words) - 00:33, 30 July 2020
sometimes with 3 distinct awns or unawned; paleas usually shorter than the lemmas, ciliate on the keels, adnate to the caryopses; anthers (2) 3. x = 7. Conn
16 KB (1,697 words) - 02:52, 30 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Plants terrestrial. Roots occasionally branching laterally, yellowish to black, 0.5–2 mm diam., smooth or with corky
19 KB (579 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
Powell Sida 3: 277. 1968. Sharon C. Yarborough, A. Michael Powell Basionym: Undefined sect. Laphamia A. Gray Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5): 99, plate
11 KB (583 words) - 23:49, 29 July 2020
mostly 0.3–2 cm, twisted clockwise proximally, occasionally counterclockwise distally. Capsule stegocarpous, theca elliptic to cylindric, ca. 1–3 mm, annulus
28 KB (1,343 words) - 07:04, 30 July 2020
bracts) 2, mostly leaflike; bracts subtending inflorescence branches 1–2, reduced; bracteoles subtending flowers 2–3. Flowers: tepals 6, in 2 whorls; stamens
7 KB (466 words) - 00:53, 30 July 2020
symmetric to slightly bilaterally symmetric; perianth in 2 distinct sets of 3; stamens in 2 series of 3; ovary inferior or superior; placentation axile. Fruits
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membranous, not saccate, less than 1/2 as long as the spikelets, 1-7-veined; upper glumes membranous to herbaceous at maturity, 1/2 as long as to nearly equaling
17 KB (1,129 words) - 04:14, 30 July 2020
×biscayneanum, Asplenium ×curtissii, Asplenium ×heteroresiliens Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 1078. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 485, 1754. Warren H. Wagner Jr., Robbin C. Moran
11 KB (330 words) - 00:25, 30 July 2020
exserted, flattened distally, (0.2–) 0.4–3 mm diam., tip recurved, rarely coiled or straight, distal 10–50 (–70) % hairy, hairs to 2.5 mm, rarely glabrous; style
17 KB (733 words) - 19:07, 29 July 2020
thick-lenticular or asymmetrically thick-lenticular to compressed-globose, 1.2-2 times as wide as thick, not prolonged beyond seed; wall thick, smooth; margin
12 KB (526 words) - 08:22, 30 July 2020
equal to or 2 times number of petals, usually in 2 whorls of unequal length, sometimes 1 whorl; anthers versatile [or basifixed], introrse, 2-locular, longitudinally
18 KB (801 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
cells usually eguttulate, rarely guttulate, 1-stratose, or 2-stratose in patches, rarely 3- or more stratose, smooth, plane, bulging, mammillose, 1-papillose
33 KB (1,761 words) - 06:53, 30 July 2020
hypogynous; sepals [2–] 4–8 [–11], distinct; petals 4–8 [–9], connate proximally, lobes not divided or divided into 1 median and 2 lateral [abaxial] segments
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hairs, shorter than to somewhat exceeding achene; stamens 3; anthers 3 mm; styles linear, 2–3-fid, base not or scarcely enlarged, deciduous in fruit. Achenes
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petals 3, equal [unequal], distinct [connate]; stamens 3; staminodes (0–) 3, 2-brachiate, free [adnate to perianth or absent]; anthers 4-sporangiate, 2-locular
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veins not or only weakly developed; lodicules 2, free; anthers (1) 3, 0.1-2 mm, not penicillate; styles 2, free to the base, white; ovaries glabrous. Caryopses
31 KB (1,893 words) - 03:29, 30 July 2020
hypanthium; filaments distinct; staminodes absent; styles 3, filiform, 2.5–3 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 3, subcapitate, smooth to papillate (50×). Capsules
19 KB (1,194 words) - 10:09, 30 July 2020
brown, dull. Stems erect-ascending and often 2-fid, or creeping, branches many, erect or ascending, simple or 2-fid; outer cell-walls thick, central strand
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appearing marginal; styles 2; stigmas 2. Capsules 2 (–3) -beaked (± folliclelike in S. oppositifolia). Seeds brown, oblong, ellipsoid, or ovoid, smooth,
21 KB (1,151 words) - 12:59, 30 July 2020
reniform to elliptical, sometimes semiterete or strongly flattened, with (2–) 3–15 adaxial cells near base, much larger than abaxial cells, often excurrent
11 KB (655 words) - 06:51, 30 July 2020
indurate in fruit; petals 3, maroon or green, usually shorter than sepals; stamens (3–) 5–15 (–25); carpels 3; style 0–0.5 mm; stigmas 3, dark red, fimbriate-plumose
11 KB (511 words) - 11:39, 30 July 2020
sessile; basal blades 1-nerved, oblanceolate to elliptic or nearly linear (3–250 (–450) × 3–30 mm, bases usually attenuate), margins entire or spinulose-dentate
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appears in FNA Volume 2. Stems long-creeping to ascending to erect, 1.5–12 mm or more diam. Blades 1-pinnate to pinnate-pinnatifid, rarely 2-pinnate, proximal
14 KB (584 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
frutescens, 1-foliolate in O. dichondrifolia); leaflets pulvinate, usually 2-lobed, sometimes not lobed, often deflexed and folded together at night, laminae
23 KB (1,013 words) - 18:29, 29 July 2020
filaments bearded or glabrous; ovary 3-locular, ovules (1–) 2 per locule, 1-seriate. Capsules 3-valved, 3-locular. Seeds 2 per locule (1 in T. spathacea); hilum
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campanulate to turbinate (campanulo-hemispheric upon drying), (3–14 ×) 3.8–23 mm. Phyllaries 26–80 in 3–5 series, 1-nerved (usually raised; keeled proximally)
25 KB (1,511 words) - 21:54, 29 July 2020
crown in biennials, usually 3+ in perennials). Leaves mostly basal or basal and cauline; alternate; petiolate; blades usually 1–2+ times pinnately lobed (lobes
9 KB (558 words) - 23:45, 29 July 2020
coarse to fine, ± equal (or outer shorter), barbellulate bristles in 1–2 series. x = 3, 4, 5, 6, 11. North America, Eurasia, Africa, nearly worldwide Species
18 KB (964 words) - 20:06, 29 July 2020
lanceolate, or linear, sometimes 3-lobed or more, margins entire or crenate. Inflorescences terminal, sometimes also axillary, (1-) 2-200-flowered panicles, racemes
17 KB (836 words) - 08:34, 30 July 2020
smooth or papillose, glabrous; beak entire or shortly bidentate. Stigmas 2–3. Achenes trigonous, smaller than to almost filling bodies of perigynia; style
15 KB (557 words) - 02:02, 30 July 2020
(P. coronopus, P. maritima), lobes 4; stamens 2 or 4, free, equal, filaments glabrous; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation free-central, sometimes
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± tuberculate, glabrous or hairy, each sometimes with 2 grooves; pappi 0, or persistent, of (1–) 2–4 (–8) usually retrorsely, sometimes antrorsely, barbellate
22 KB (1,036 words) - 23:27, 29 July 2020
foliaceous bracts; sepals 2 or 3, unarmed or prickly, each with erect, subterminal, hollow horn tipped with prickle; petals 6, in 2 whorls of 3; stamens 20-250 or
14 KB (554 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
glandular-punctate, accrescent or nonaccrescent; tepals 4–5, connate 1/4–2/3 their lengths (less than 1/5 their lengths in P. wallichii), petaloid, dimorphic
10 KB (671 words) - 10:11, 30 July 2020
perigynous; tepals 6 (-9), in 2 (-3) whorls of 3, sepaloid, equal or rarely unequal, if unequal then usually outer 3 smaller than inner 3 (occasionally absent in
10 KB (319 words) - 08:27, 30 July 2020
abaxial lobes 3, adaxial 2; stamens 4, didynamous, filaments glabrous or hairy; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation parietal; stigma 2-lobed. Fruits
28 KB (1,133 words) - 19:01, 29 July 2020
alternate (proximal sometimes opposite); petiolate or sessile; blades usually 1–2 (–3) -pinnately lobed, ultimate margins toothed, serrate, or entire, faces usually
13 KB (1,037 words) - 23:55, 29 July 2020
(via anther abortion), linear; styles (3–) 5 (–6), clavate to filiform, 0.5–2 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas (3–) 5 (–6), subterminal to linear along
21 KB (1,044 words) - 10:15, 30 July 2020
(pubescent in P. alba), margins entire, sometimes ciliolate; keel crested, crest 2-lobed, often fimbriate (lobes subdivided into fingerlike lobes), glabrous (pubescent
19 KB (903 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
becoming laterally compressed at anthesis, with (3) 4-14 (16) florets. Lower glumes 1-3-veined; upper glumes 3-5-veined; lemmas elliptic to lanceolate, rounded
11 KB (779 words) - 02:52, 30 July 2020
(1–) 2–276 [–numerous] per ovary; style usually distinct (absent in Cakile, obscure in Carrichtera, obsolete in Eruca); stigma entire or strongly 2-lobed
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when young, stomata on abaxial surface not in crypts; pinnately veined or 3-veined from base. Inflorescences usually racemelike or paniclelike, sometimes
15 KB (437 words) - 18:13, 29 July 2020
peristome single, teeth 16, haplolepidous, endostomate, usually divided 1/2–2/3 their length, sometimes irregularly divided or undivided, sometimes reduced
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mostly laminar, sometimes subterete, turgid ± throughout. Cymes: branches 2-3 (-6), simple or bifurcate; cincinni circinate or not. Pedicels erect to pendent
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Leaves alternate, simple, sometimes pinnately compound or basal leaflets 1 (or 2); stipules deciduous or persistent, free or adnate to petiole; venation pinnate
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unappendaged, not winged; pollen 3-colpate. Fruits silicles, usually dehiscent, unsegmented, usually angustiseptate, rarely terete; ovules 2 (–4) per ovary; style
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torus usually enlarged; carpels (2 or) 3–250 (–450), styles terminal (subterminal in Waldsteinia), distinct; ovules 1 or 2, basal, superposed. Fruits aggregated
6 KB (393 words) - 14:33, 30 July 2020
present; buds nodding [erect]. Flowers: sepals 2 (-3), distinct; petals 4 (-6); stamens many; pistil 3-18 [-22] -carpellate; ovary 1-locular, sometimes
11 KB (522 words) - 08:35, 30 July 2020
easily dislodged, straight to curved, cylindric to slightly clavate, 2–40 (–50) × 0.3–5.5 cm, usually glabrous, tuberculate; areoles elliptic, circular,
17 KB (804 words) - 09:14, 30 July 2020
glumes 2-keeled, flat or concave, usually not veined between the keels, sometimes 2-9-veined; anthers 1, 3 (2). Pedicels usually longer than 3 mm, similar
14 KB (1,071 words) - 04:25, 30 July 2020
oblong-ovate, obovate, quadrangular, suborbiculate, or orbiculate, 0.2–10 × 0.2–6 cm, membranous to coriaceous, base tapering or truncate to rounded or
22 KB (1,558 words) - 13:48, 30 July 2020
constricted beyond ovary, tube gradually to abruptly expanded, limb 5-lobed; stamens 3–6, exserted; styles exserted beyond stamens; stigmas capitate. Fruits radially
15 KB (526 words) - 09:38, 30 July 2020
Nyctaginaceae. In: C. L. Lundell. 1942–1969. Flora of Texas. 3 vols. in parts. Dallas and Renner, Tex. Vol. 2, pp. 151–220. Standley, P. C. 1909. The Allioniaceae
20 KB (1,275 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
lodicules 2, usually membranous, rarely fleshy, heavily vascularized; anthers (1) 3-6 (16); ovaries glabrous, without an apical appendage; styles 2, free to
10 KB (670 words) - 02:52, 30 July 2020
with basal scale 0.3–0.5 mm, these nearly closing mouth of floral-tube, or sometimes reduced or absent; stigma deeply divided into (3 or) 4 linear lobes
12 KB (1,080 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
lodicules thick, sometimes connate, not winged; anthers (1) 2-3; ovaries glabrous; styles 2-branched, branches divergent to recurved, plumose distally.
20 KB (1,626 words) - 03:20, 30 July 2020
pinnate or leaflets 3-6-veined from base. Inflorescences terminal, usually racemes, rarely umbels or flowers solitary. Flowers 3-merous, 3-8 mm; bracteoles
16 KB (698 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
Loudon Hort. Brit., 385. 1830. Kevin C. Nixon Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Trees or shrubs, evergreen or deciduous. Bark gray to dark-brown or black
23 KB (617 words) - 08:21, 30 July 2020
shed in single grains, binucleate, 2–4-aperturate, colpate or colporate; disc absent; gynophore absent; pistil 1; ovary 2–5-carpellate, syncarpous basally
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to fringed or emarginate; lip lobed, 3-partite, spurred at base, margins entire to fringed; pollinaria 2; pollinia 2; viscidia free; stigma entire. Fruits
17 KB (518 words) - 05:23, 30 July 2020
racemose, with (1–) 3–6 spikes; proximal nonbasal bracts leaflike, long sheathing; lateral spikes pistillate or rarely androgynous, sometimes 1–2 basal, pedunculate
16 KB (695 words) - 02:09, 30 July 2020
with 3–7 pairs or trios of sporophylls, each sporophyll with 2–8 pollen-sacs. Seed-cones maturing in 1 or 2 years, globose to ovoid and berrylike, 3–20 mm
12 KB (667 words) - 00:26, 30 July 2020
terminal awn; paleas similar to the lemmas, 3-10-veined, 1-keeled; lodicules 2; anthers usually 6 (1-16); styles 2, bases fused or free, stigmas linear, plumose
9 KB (719 words) - 02:55, 30 July 2020
entire, bilobed, trilobed, or 4-lobed, 3-veined, veins usually extended into 3 short awns; paleas of lowest florets 2-veined, veins sometimes excurrent; distal
16 KB (1,065 words) - 04:46, 30 July 2020
petiolate, blade margins entire, dentate, sinuate, lyrate, pectinate, or 1–3-pinnatisect; cauline petiolate or sessile, blade (base cuneate, attenuate,
22 KB (1,325 words) - 12:26, 30 July 2020
Calyculi of (3–) 8+, distinct, ± herbaceous bractlets. Involucres ± globose to cylindric, 4–25+ mm diam. Phyllaries usually ± 8 in ± 2 series (usually
12 KB (827 words) - 23:22, 29 July 2020
hispidulous. Spikelets 3-17 mm, lengths 3.5 times widths, laterally compressed, not sexually dimorphic, not bulbiferous; florets 2-10 (13) mm, normal; rachilla
10 KB (1,045 words) - 03:20, 30 July 2020
[absent]; pistil 3 (–4) -carpellate; styles 3 (–4), distinct or connate to 1/2 length, 2-fid [rarely unbranched]. Fruits capsules or drupes. Seeds 2 per locule
16 KB (864 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
panicles with (2) 3-35 spikelets associated with each rachis node; rachises with scabrous or ciliate edges; internodes 3.5-12 (15) mm. Spikelets 1/2 - 33/4 times
20 KB (1,611 words) - 03:05, 30 July 2020
perianth-tube; stamens 2–3-whorled, anthers 1-locular; pistillate flowers bearing staminodes, pistil 3-carpellate; ovary 2-locular, 1–2 ovules per locule.
4 KB (170 words) - 06:14, 30 July 2020
carpellate; placentation axile, subapical, or basal; style 1; stigma 1; ovules 2–300 (–500), usually biseriate or multiseriate, bitegmic. Fruits berries, capsules
15 KB (668 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
of 2–many heads or single terminal head, sympodial; bracteoles absent below perianth. Flowers solitary or in heads. Capsules 1-locular or usually 3-locular
9 KB (398 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
occasionally inclined, 0.5–3 (–7) mm, exothecial cells rectangular, 25–30 µm, ca. 2–3: 1, walls thin or evenly thickened; annulus of 1–2 rows of vesiculose cells
26 KB (1,447 words) - 07:08, 30 July 2020
Involucres obconic to hemispheric, 3–5+ mm diam. Phyllaries usually persistent, sometimes falling with cypselae, 4–18 in 1 (–2) series (usually ± erect in fruit
11 KB (916 words) - 23:52, 29 July 2020
scales persistent or deciduous; stamens 3 (1, less frequently 2 in C. squarrosus and C. granitophilus). Flowers: stigmas 3. Achenes trigonous, sometimes dorsiventrally
3 KB (624 words) - 01:35, 30 July 2020
straight or arcuate; peristome single, 16 teeth, split 1/3–1/2 their length into 2, rarely 3, divisions, vertically pitted-striolate proximally, papillose
26 KB (1,278 words) - 06:56, 30 July 2020
Involucres hemispheric to obconic or broadly cylindric, (3–) 5–15 [–25] mm diam. Phyllaries 5–21+ in 1–2 (–3) series (subequal to unequal). Receptacles convex
11 KB (947 words) - 22:31, 29 July 2020
free-central, axile]; styles elongate, tubular, 3-branched; stigmas 3, U-shaped or funnelform. Capsules 3-valved, usually thin, loculicidal. Seeds [1–] 15–90
16 KB (658 words) - 00:56, 30 July 2020
staminate 3–4.5 mm; pistillate 5–6 mm. Cypselae 2–2.5 mm, pubescent and papillate; pappi: staminate 6–7 mm (capillary); pistillate 6–7 mm. 2n = 28. North
12 KB (714 words) - 20:21, 29 July 2020
abaxial lobes 3, emarginate, adaxial 2, adaxial lip cucullate; stamens 4, didynamous, filaments glabrous, anther mucros unequal; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular
17 KB (854 words) - 19:26, 29 July 2020
scarious or membranous distally, 2-veined, veins terminating at or beyond midlength; lodicules 2, free, glabrous; anthers 3; ovaries glabrous. Caryopses shorter
22 KB (1,516 words) - 03:14, 30 July 2020
Calyptra mitrate or cucullate, not erose, small to medium, usually covering 1/2 or less of capsule, sometimes just covering operculum, smooth. North America
25 KB (759 words) - 06:48, 30 July 2020
Mentioned on page 11, 13, 17, 194, 351. Annuals, biennials, or perennials, 1–2 (–3) or (1–) 5–15 (–75+) cm (usually taprooted or developing ± woody caudices
18 KB (845 words) - 15:31, 15 December 2020
unequal, or (with calyculi) 12–25+ in 2–3 series and oblong or lanceolate to linear, subequal; margins ± hyaline, 0.05–2.5 mm, apices obtuse to acute or acuminate
16 KB (748 words) - 20:19, 29 July 2020
membranous). Florets of 1, 2, or 3+ kinds in a head (some not readily assignable to usual ray and disc-floret categories, ± 3 combinations in the flora):
12 KB (739 words) - 20:02, 29 July 2020
in C. crocea, C. quaesita; stamens 20, anthers white to cream; styles (2 or) 3–5. Pomes yellow to orange and copper to red (1 face often colored most brightly)
22 KB (1,233 words) - 13:46, 30 July 2020
symmetric; sepals 2–3, distinct or variously connate, diverging from stipelike base or merely part of lobeless column; petals 0 or 2–3, diverging from short-to-elongate
13 KB (443 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
venation brochidodromous. Inflorescences axillary or terminal, racemes, usually 2–10-flowered, sometimes flowers solitary, (leafy); (bracteoles absent, present
13 KB (607 words) - 12:52, 30 July 2020
anthers 1-2-locular. Pistillate flowers: sepals or calyx lobes 4, ± connate; pistils 1, 1-2-carpellate; ovary 1, superior or inferior, 1 (-2) -locular;
9 KB (490 words) - 08:32, 30 July 2020
urceolate, (2.5–) 6–32 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent (or inner falling), usually (6–) 16–30 (–40) in 2 series and unequal, sometimes 28–50 in 2–3 series and
15 KB (1,046 words) - 22:37, 29 July 2020
1976. A Handbook of Succulent Plants…. 3 vols. Poole. Vol. 3. Jacobsen, H. 1977. Lexicon of Succulent Plants…, ed. 2. Poole. Pp. 395–583. Pax, F. A. and K
17 KB (1,102 words) - 09:13, 30 July 2020
adaxially, lobes 5, abaxial 3, 2 as wings, middle lobe of abaxial lip (keel) folded lengthwise, enclosing stamens and styles, adaxial 2, distal portion spreading
16 KB (737 words) - 19:04, 29 July 2020
David E. Boufford Common names: Nettle Family Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Treatment on page 400. Herbs or small shrubs [lianas, trees], herbs annual
10 KB (466 words) - 08:34, 30 July 2020
straight. Flowers 3–25 mm diam. (smallest ones with erect petals); epicalyx bractlets 5; hypanthium shallowly cupulate, 0.5–3 × 2.5–7 mm; sepals 5, spreading
22 KB (1,357 words) - 14:09, 30 July 2020
0.75–2.5 × 1–3 cm. Flowers 5–8 mm diam.; hypanthia campanulate, 2–4 mm; sepals triangular, 1.5–2 mm; petals white, obovate to suborbiculate, 3–4 mm; staminodes
20 KB (1,036 words) - 14:24, 30 July 2020
overlapping bases), coarsely barbellate, apically attenuate bristles in 2–4 series. x = (2, 3, 4) 5. w North America, Mexico Species 17 (9 in the flora). As here
13 KB (844 words) - 22:21, 29 July 2020
glabrous or pubescent; beak 0.5–3 mm, ca. 1/2 length of body, orifice entire to bidentate, teeth to 1 mm. Stigmas 3. Achenes trigonous, smaller than to
18 KB (940 words) - 02:10, 30 July 2020
tubular, [1-,] 3-, [6-, rarely 5-] merous, lobes valvate; corolla usually reduced to scales or absent; stamens 5, 6, or 12 [multiples of 3 or 5], free or
6 KB (176 words) - 08:42, 30 July 2020
unbranched or 3-branched. Fruits capsular, 3-locular, 6-angled or winged, thin-walled, ± rounded, dehiscence loculicidal. Seeds many, in 2 rows per locule
13 KB (449 words) - 05:41, 30 July 2020
from 1/2 as long as to almost equaling the lemmas, keels usually ciliate; lodicules fused into a single, collarlike structure extending 1/2 - 2/3 around
16 KB (1,258 words) - 02:39, 30 July 2020
5-toothed; petals (3–) 5 (–9), connate distally, forming calyptra; nectary free, (3–) 5 (–9) glands alternating with stamens; stamens usually (3–) 5 (–9), sometimes
14 KB (773 words) - 18:13, 29 July 2020
short-linear, rarely rectangular or hexagonal, 1-stratose or sometimes partially 2- or multistratose, smooth or rarely prorate or papillose. Perichaetia with
21 KB (586 words) - 07:42, 30 July 2020
689. 1987 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Roots 1-5 (-9) -branched from within 1 cm of stem attachment, 2-7 (-16) cm, cormlike to fascicled or fibrous
13 KB (670 words) - 08:25, 30 July 2020
broadly rounded, acute, or acuminate; ecostate to costa percurrent, sometimes 2-fid, occasionally sinuate distally; alar cells shorter than laminal cells,
16 KB (613 words) - 07:45, 30 July 2020
Stems short to long, sometimes complanate-foliate, unbranched or irregularly 2- to occasionally multifid when sterile; rhizoids few-to-many, pigmented, smooth
15 KB (690 words) - 07:39, 30 July 2020
distinct, curved or sigmoid in bud; anthers 2-locular, dehiscence longitudinal; pistils 1, 2 (-3) -carpellate; ovary 1 (-2) -locular; ovules 1 per locule, pendulous
9 KB (457 words) - 08:44, 30 July 2020
longer and thicker than pendent branches. Branch fascicles with 2 (–3) spreading and 1–2 pendent branches. Branch stems green, surrounded by 1 layer of
19 KB (686 words) - 07:06, 30 July 2020
numerous rows (2 rows in Distichium); costa single, well developed, subpercurrent to excurrent, in section with 1 row of guide cells and 2 stereid bands
12 KB (480 words) - 06:59, 30 July 2020
entire; petiole present; blade reniform to orbiculate, 2–30 cm, herbaceous to ± coriaceous, leaflets 0 or 3, 5, 7, or 9, terminal ovate to elliptic to obovate
35 KB (2,155 words) - 15:31, 15 December 2020
Flowers unisexual; perianth absent; stamens 1–3; anthers 2–4 mm, apex usually mucronate or awned; styles linear, 2–3-fid, base deciduous or persistent, hypogynium
13 KB (648 words) - 01:45, 30 July 2020
same plants; bract 1, bracteoles (0-) 2. Staminate flowers: calyx 2-6-lobed or absent; corolla absent; stamens 3-50; filaments very short or absent; anthers
8 KB (287 words) - 08:26, 30 July 2020
often distally cupulate; stamens 3–8 (1 or 2 times as many as sepals); anthers basifixed, dehiscing longitudinally; pistil 1, 3-carpellate or 4-carpellate;
11 KB (512 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
plane or incurved, distal lamina usually 1-stratose or 2-stratose in striae or patches, rarely 2-stratose, specialized laminal and marginal chlorophyllose
22 KB (1,082 words) - 06:48, 30 July 2020
hypanthium; stamens (rarely 4–) 5; ovary superior, (2–) 3-locular; style 1. Fruits drupes; stones 2–3 (–4), indehiscent but open at base. Seeds obovoid to
10 KB (499 words) - 18:33, 29 July 2020
differentiated into sepals and petals, rarely 3-parted, then petals absent in Thalassia and Halophila; stamens (0–) 2–many in 1 or more whorls (inner often staminodial)
11 KB (422 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
emarginate to bidentate, teeth rarely reflexed, 0.1–2.1 mm. Stigmas (2–) 3. Achenes trigonous or, rarely, biconvex, almost as large as bodies of perigynia;
14 KB (621 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
rarely glaucous adaxially (P. nuttallii); 1-veined or venation parallel (3-veined), secondary-veins not conspicuous. Inflorescences usually axillary and
11 KB (812 words) - 10:09, 30 July 2020
campanulate or funnelform, outer 3 lobes narrower than inner 3; stamens 3, epitepalous, opposite inner perianth lobes, alternating with 3 staminodia (staminodia
12 KB (690 words) - 06:01, 30 July 2020
reddish, brown, or black, subulate or acicular to bristlelike, (0–) 3–150 × 0.1–2.5 mm, hard, smooth or microscopically roughened (especially in E. triglochidiatus);
24 KB (1,147 words) - 09:19, 30 July 2020
albiflorum), 3–35-flowered (1–2-flowered in R. albiflorum); perulae brownish, scalelike, dry. (Pedicels horizontal to erect (recurved); bracteoles 2, brownish
21 KB (889 words) - 13:16, 30 July 2020
singly. Involucres cylindric to campanulate or hemispheric, 3–9 mm diam. Phyllaries 20–40 in 2–5 series (mid usually green, sometimes red or purple), 1-nerved
19 KB (1,032 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
opposite or whorled bracts. Involucre ± actinomorphic, not spurred; glands [0–] (2–) 5, slightly concave, flat, or slightly convex; appendages usually petaloid
16 KB (581 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
spathulata, Arnica unalaschcensis, Arnica venosa, Arnica viscosa Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 884. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 376. 1754. Steven J. Wolf Etymology: Ancient
16 KB (834 words) - 23:57, 29 July 2020
glandular-villous, or retrorsely hairy, rarely puberulent or glabrous, cymes 1 or 2 per node; peduncles and pedicels ascending to erect. Flowers: calyx lobes:
21 KB (880 words) - 19:09, 29 July 2020
obconic, densely pubescent, sometimes glabrous; sepals narrowly triangular, 1/2–2/3 petal length, margins entire or slightly glandular-serrate, apex usually
20 KB (1,294 words) - 13:44, 30 July 2020
second-order heads]. Calyculi 0. Phyllaries usually persistent [readily falling], in 2–8+ series, distinct, unequal, herbaceous to chartaceous, margins and/or apices
9 KB (655 words) - 20:04, 29 July 2020
to the costa, flanked by a broad, 1 (rarely 2) -stratose lamina, rarely with abaxial lamellae; margins 1 (–3) -stratose, entire, denticulate, serrate, or
18 KB (1,106 words) - 06:45, 30 July 2020
schizopetalus, Hibiscus striatus, Hibiscus syriacus, Hibiscus trionum Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 693. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 310. 1754. Orland J. Blanchard Jr. Common names:
20 KB (1,253 words) - 11:27, 30 July 2020
Lewisia rediviva, Lewisia stebbinsii, Lewisia triphylla Pursh Fl. Amer. Sept. 2: 360. 1814. Mark A. Hershkovitz, Sean B. Hogan Etymology: For Meriwether Lewis
13 KB (537 words) - 09:45, 30 July 2020
lobes 3, adaxial 2; stamens 4, didynamous, included, filaments glabrous or pubescent proximally; staminode 0; ovary 1-locular (sometimes irregularly 2-locular
22 KB (1,669 words) - 19:24, 29 July 2020
spreading, narrowly lanceolate to ovatelanceolate [rarely linear-lanceolate], 0.6–3.5 mm; base decurrent or not; margins plane (strongly revolute in P. cardotii
17 KB (677 words) - 07:39, 30 July 2020
Franç. ed. 3, 4: 637. 1805, name conserved. Kingsley R. Stern Etymology: Greek korydallis, crested lark Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Herbs, annual
10 KB (525 words) - 08:22, 30 July 2020
branches with spikelets in 2 rows on 1 side of the branch axes. Spikelets solitary, sessile to pedicellate, laterally compressed, with 2-3 (5) florets, usually
21 KB (1,159 words) - 04:42, 30 July 2020
tube base not spurred or gibbous, lobes 0 or 3 or 4 (or 5), abaxial 2 or 3 (or 4), adaxial 1; stamens 2, epipetalous or inserted on receptacle, filaments
15 KB (823 words) - 19:22, 29 July 2020
trichomes sessile, medifixed, appressed, 2-rayed (malpighiaceous) or 3–5 (–8) -rayed (stellate), rays (when 2) parallel to long axis of stems, leaves,
17 KB (1,002 words) - 12:29, 30 July 2020
Basionym: Undefined subg. Viorna Spach 1839 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Woody vines or erect, ± herbaceous perennials, clumped (or patch-forming from
13 KB (470 words) - 08:24, 30 July 2020
Engler and K. Prantl in H. G. A. Engler and K. Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 212[I,3]: 381. 1902,. Richard H. Zander Basionym: Undefined subfam. Trichostomaceae Schimper
3 KB (447 words) - 07:01, 30 July 2020
Pistillate flowers: sepals 3 [or 5], distinct [connate]; petals 0; nectary absent; pistil (1–) 3-carpellate; styles (1–) 3, distinct or connate basally
17 KB (923 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
sometimes borne singly. Involucres campanulate, 3–6 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 8–30 in 2 (–3) series, 0-nerved or 2-nerved, lanceolate to linear, ± equal (herbaceous)
11 KB (480 words) - 22:58, 29 July 2020
pumila, Ambrosia salsola, Ambrosia tomentosa, Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 987. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 425. 1754. John L. Strother Common names: Ragweed
16 KB (728 words) - 23:11, 29 July 2020
Staminate flowers in catkins 3 per scale; stamens (1–) 2–3 (–4), filaments divided below anthers, nearly to base. Pistillate flowers (1–) 3 per scale. Infructescences
18 KB (893 words) - 08:41, 30 July 2020
widely liguliform or oblanceolate, rarely ovate to elliptic. Scape: bracts 2–3, triangular, ovate, or lanceolate. Inflorescences umbellate, bracteate; each
14 KB (860 words) - 05:56, 30 July 2020
to evergreen habit of some species Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Rootstock 2 (–3) -lobed, nearly globose to horizontally spindle-shaped and proliferous
15 KB (1,109 words) - 00:22, 30 July 2020
dense turfs or gregarious, green, yellow-green, pink, or red. Stems 0.1–2 (–3) cm, gemmiform to evenly foliate, not or strongly branched; rhizoids usually
12 KB (668 words) - 07:35, 30 July 2020
tepals rounded; anthers whitish yellow. Achenes ovate to ovatelanceolate, 2–3-gonous, shiny or dull, smooth to roughened or tubercled. Nearly worldwide
13 KB (1,076 words) - 10:08, 30 July 2020
obconic, or ovoid, 4–34 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 9–34 (–40+) in (1–) 2 [–3] series (distinct or proximally connate, usually reflexed in fruit, glabrous
13 KB (702 words) - 15:32, 15 December 2020
sometimes glanddotted; styles 3–5+ mm, branches 1–1.8 mm, proximal 1/2–4/5 stigmatic, apices acute to rounded. Cypselae 1.5–3.5 (–4) mm; pappi usually coroniform
10 KB (649 words) - 22:36, 29 July 2020
lodicules 2, broadly lanceolate, margins ciliate; anthers 3, usually yellowish. Caryopses usually tightly enclosed in the lemma and palea at maturity. 2n = 14
14 KB (1,269 words) - 02:55, 30 July 2020
slits]; pistil 1, (2–) 3-carpellate, carpels nearly distinct to completely connate in ovary [connate throughout], ovary superior, (2–) 3-locular, placentation
14 KB (623 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
nectary usually present; stamens 2–10; filaments distinct or connate less than 1/2 their lengths, hairy on proximal 1/2 or basally, rarely glabrous; anthers
14 KB (582 words) - 12:06, 30 July 2020
stem leaves 1.2–1.5 mm and stems usually 1–2 cm and slender (related to the leaf size); ‘medium’ refers to stem leaves 1.5–3 mm and stems 2–4 cm; ‘large’
18 KB (782 words) - 07:52, 30 July 2020
than leaves. Fruits erect. Seeds rectangular to crescent-shaped, 1.3-3.3 × 1.1-2.3 mm, not ringed on proximal end, ± wing-margined; seed-coats usually
8 KB (562 words) - 08:23, 30 July 2020
pedicellate; sepals deciduous soon after anthesis, 3-5; petals yellow; nectary scale attached on 3 sides, forming pocket enclosing nectary, or sometimes
9 KB (584 words) - 08:33, 30 July 2020
ovules anatropous, 2–several per locule; style 2–4 mm; stigma weakly 3-lobed; pedicel ± erect, often articulate, usually longer than perianth (shorter in
12 KB (679 words) - 06:03, 30 July 2020
large, in lax to dense tufts. Stems erect or sometimes decumbent, simple, 2-fid, fastigiate, or with subfloral whorl of branches, usually tomentose proximally
11 KB (380 words) - 07:34, 30 July 2020
setaceous, margins entire, serrate, or deeply cleft, sometimes glandular; blade (2) 3 (–9) -lobed or unlobed, base cuneate to cordate or rarely peltate, surfaces
19 KB (1,406 words) - 11:20, 30 July 2020
petals 5, distinct or slightly connate basally; nectary present; stamens 10 in 2 whorls, connate basally (monadelphous), free; anthers dehiscing by longitudinal
7 KB (337 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
inconspicuous, 0.1–0.3 mm, with or without abaxial suture, margins entire or sparsely and minutely serrulate, apex entire or bidentate. Stigmas 2. Achenes biconvex
11 KB (598 words) - 01:52, 30 July 2020
ellipsoid, nearly orbicular, or obtriangular; torus absent; carpels 1 or 2 (or 3), rarely more, styles terminal, distinct; ovule 1, apical. Fruits achenes
6 KB (367 words) - 14:13, 30 July 2020
styles 3–7 mm, branches 1–2.2 mm, proximal 2/3–4/5 stigmatic, apices acute to rounded. Cypselae (3–) 3.5–7.5 mm; pappi usually coroniform or of 2–6, unequal
12 KB (678 words) - 23:55, 29 July 2020
cylindric; carpels (2–) 20–250 (–450), styles entire or geniculate-jointed, distal portions then deciduous; ovule 1. Fruits aggregated achenes, (2–) 20–250 (–450)
22 KB (1,259 words) - 14:34, 30 July 2020
simple > 2 2 Corolla lobes reflexed, lengths 2+ times tube; stamens exserted, anthers connivent. Dodecatheon 2 Corolla lobes not reflexed, lengths to 2 times
12 KB (662 words) - 13:05, 30 July 2020
Involucres campanulate to obconic, 2–7 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 8–13 (–22) in ± 2 series (strongly connate 2/3–7/8+ their lengths, seldom with outer
11 KB (587 words) - 23:33, 29 July 2020
clema, plant shoot, ancient name of a vine Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Vines, ± woody, sometimes only at base, climbing by means of tendril-like
9 KB (493 words) - 08:33, 30 July 2020
the back, veins not pronounced, margins involute; anthers 3; lodicules 2, papery; styles with 2 branches, purple, plumose. Caryopses not longitudinally grooved;
12 KB (923 words) - 04:12, 30 July 2020
ramulosa, Lessingia tenuis, Lessingia virgata Chamisso Linnaea 4: 203, plate 2, fig. 2. 1829. Staci Markos Etymology: For C. F. Lessing, 1809–1862, German-born
12 KB (729 words) - 20:57, 29 July 2020
purplish; laminae elliptic, entire or 2-lobed or 3-lobed, glabrous or proximally glandular-puberulent). Disc-florets [1–] 3–55 [–100], usually bisexual; corollas
14 KB (1,174 words) - 23:30, 29 July 2020
bracteoles 2, at base of perianth. Flowers borne singly, not in heads. Capsules 1-locular (placentae 1/2–3/4 distance to central axis) or 3-locular, rarely
9 KB (421 words) - 00:51, 30 July 2020
stemless to long caulescent. Leaves mostly many-ranked, rosulate, or occasionally 2-ranked and/or laxly arranged; blade linear to triangular or ligulate, margins
9 KB (299 words) - 01:00, 30 July 2020
in 1-2 (4) rows, with 2 florets, lower or upper glumes adjacent to the branch axes. Glumes not saccate basally; lower glumes usually 1/5 – 2/3 as long
18 KB (1,245 words) - 04:10, 30 July 2020
Richard L.Hauke Common names: Horsetail Family Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Treatment on page 76. Plants with jointed stems, with distinct nodes. Leaves
3 KB (88 words) - 00:29, 30 July 2020
side of blades with 2 lateral-veins more prominent than midvein, widest leaf-blades 5+ mm, glabrous. Inflorescences racemose, with 3–6 spikes; proximal
12 KB (663 words) - 02:07, 30 July 2020
sessile, 3-merous; perianth with tepals connate proximally, yellow, blue, mauve, or white, tube tubular or funnelform, limb 6-lobed; stamens 3 or 6, adnate
7 KB (223 words) - 05:18, 30 July 2020
chromosome numbers vary from 2 x to 6 x. Two species, Asplenium trichomanes and A. heterochroum, occur in different levels of polyploidy—2 x and 4 x, and 4 x and
8 KB (637 words) - 00:22, 30 July 2020
hypanthium; filaments distinct; styles 3, distinct or nearly so, filiform, 0.2–3 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 3, linear along adaxial surface of styles
13 KB (764 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
[–44] in 2 or 3 series, usually slightly longer than petals; carpels 2–5, distinct, partially or wholly connate and adnate to all or proximal 1/2 of hypanthium
21 KB (1,208 words) - 14:28, 30 July 2020
interrupted ring, sometimes in 5 barely discernable fascicles, each of 1–2 stamens; ovary (2–) 3 (–4) -merous; placentation parietal; styles ± spreading, bases distinct;
10 KB (391 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
5-10 mm, lengths 3-5 times widths, terete to weakly laterally compressed or distinctly compressed, sometimes bulbiferous; florets (2) 3-5 (10), usually
9 KB (1,082 words) - 03:24, 30 July 2020
Fern Gaz. 13: 118. 1986. Iván A. Valdespino Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Stems radially symmetric or upperside and underside structurally different
17 KB (719 words) - 00:22, 30 July 2020
axillary in 1–3 distal leaves, subumbellate or corymbose-paniculate; spikelets 50–500; involucral-bracts usually 3, leaflike. Spikelets less than 3.5 (–5) mm
17 KB (757 words) - 01:31, 30 July 2020
nectary absent; pistil 3-carpellate; styles 3, connate basally to 1/2 [most of] length, unbranched. Fruits capsules, usually 3 carpels maturing, except
14 KB (615 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
basally into tube, 2–16 cm; tepals subequal; stamens 6, of 2 different lengths, appearing equal or subequal (anthers in 2 overlapping sets of 3) to unequal (anthers
12 KB (861 words) - 05:58, 30 July 2020
[–ca. 25], usually borne on androgynophore [hypanthium]; ovary superior, [2–] 3 [–5] -carpellate, 1-locular, usually borne on androgynophore; placentation
7 KB (615 words) - 11:20, 30 July 2020
glands few or absent; cortex and pith highly mucilaginous. Spines 2–17 (–29); radial spines 2–11 (–18) per areole, usually white or gray, sometimes straw colored
19 KB (1,100 words) - 09:23, 30 July 2020
or imbricate; sepals persistent, (2-) 3 (-4), distinct or basally connate; petals either 6 in 2 unequal whorls of 3 with petals of outer whorl larger,
9 KB (359 words) - 08:43, 30 July 2020
Taxa Equisetum subg. Equisetum, Equisetum subg. Hippochaete Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 1061. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 484, 1754. Richard L. Hauke Common names: Horsetail scouring
11 KB (523 words) - 00:32, 30 July 2020
Spikelets ellipsoid to lanceoloid, glabrous. Lower glumes (1/3) 1/2 - 3/4 as long as the spikelets, (3) 5-7-veined, truncate, obtuse, acute, or acuminate; lower
4 KB (1,009 words) - 04:05, 30 July 2020
scales membranous to thinly papery; proximal scales empty. Flowers: styles 2-fid to 3-fid. Achenes yellow, orange, brown or greenish, biconvex, trigonous, or
5 KB (597 words) - 02:16, 30 July 2020
possibly referring to bluish gray leaves Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants
15 KB (692 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
or elliptic, not petaloid, inner filiform, usually unlobed, rarely distally 2-lobed; ovules (and seeds) oriented parallel to long axis of ovary. Capsules
16 KB (899 words) - 18:19, 29 July 2020
or zygomorphic; tepals 6, persistent, ± equal in 2 whorls of 3, distinct, violet, blue, or white, each 3–9-veined, lanceolate, ± twisted in drying; stamens
9 KB (519 words) - 05:59, 30 July 2020
present. Pistillate flowers: petals 2 (–3), deltate, connate basally; ovary 1-locular; style very short to absent; stigma 2-lobed, secreting pollination droplet
13 KB (906 words) - 17:24, 5 October 2020
triangular, reddish-brown or brown, cleft into 2–3 filiform, terete prongs in the distal half, occasionally 2-fid nearly to the base. Calyptra 4–5-lobed at
13 KB (864 words) - 06:51, 30 July 2020
petiolate or sessile; blades (1-nerved or 3-nerved) deltate, elliptic, linear, ovate, or rhombic, sometimes 1–2-pinnately lobed or pinnatifid, bases cordate
10 KB (661 words) - 23:01, 29 July 2020
Boerhavia torreyana, Boerhavia triquetra, Boerhavia wrightii Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 3. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 4. 1754. Richard W. Spellenberg Common names: Spiderling
15 KB (627 words) - 09:17, 30 July 2020
or suborbiculate, 3–8 cm, ± coriaceous to ± thin, lobes 0 or 1–4 per side, obscure to evident and sinuses shallow to deep, veins (3 or) 4–9 (–12) per side
8 KB (677 words) - 14:35, 30 July 2020
basal 2-pinnate, 3–20 cm, lobes 2–50 × 0.5–2 (–3) mm; cauline 0–12. Heads 1–60 per stem. Peduncles 1–16 cm. Phyllaries whitish to yellowish, 3–14 × 2–5 mm
8 KB (620 words) - 23:45, 29 July 2020
some European species to an eagle's talons Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Herbs, perennial, from slender woody rhizomes. Leaves basal and cauline, proximal
12 KB (514 words) - 08:29, 30 July 2020
usually absent, sometimes present (in R. californica and R. lindheimeri), (2.4–) 3.5–14.5 mm; sepals deciduous or persistent (when persistent, usually only
13 KB (712 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
aromatic; taproot slender or stout, not fusiform or fleshy. Stems (0.1–) 0.2–2.5 (–3) dm. Basal leaves planar or loosely to tightly cylindric; stipules present;
13 KB (1,038 words) - 14:03, 30 July 2020
turbinate to cylindric or oblanceoloid, 3–8 mm, glabrous or hairy (often ± pilose or sericeous); pappi whitish, 3–13 mm. 2n = 18. Generated Map Legacy Map Alta
16 KB (1,091 words) - 20:55, 29 July 2020
subtending flower or proximal 1–2 empty. Flowers bisexual; perianth absent; stamens 1–3; styles flattened or subterete, 2–3-fid, base enlarged, deciduous
13 KB (547 words) - 01:31, 30 July 2020
staminodes usually absent (present in Myrsine and some Lysimachia); pistils 1, 3–5-carpellate; ovary superior, 1-locular; placentation free-central with ± globose
11 KB (679 words) - 13:07, 30 July 2020
distinct, not confluent into ribs, pyramidal, conic, or cylindric, 3–25 × 2–9 mm; areoles of 2 kinds: vegetative areoles (spine clusters) at tips of tubercles;
18 KB (1,104 words) - 09:27, 30 July 2020
adaxially; veins various; rachis glabrous or densely pubescent. > 2 2 Viscidium oval (2–2.5 times as long as wide); lip bright yellow or orange-yellow with
18 KB (547 words) - 05:22, 30 July 2020
flat to conduplicate, herbaceous or scarious, often 2-lobed or 3-lobed or toothed). Ray-florets 0, or (3–) 6–21, pistillate, fertile; corollas yellow or whitish
10 KB (606 words) - 23:21, 29 July 2020
entire; apex acuminate or sometimes acute to rounded; costa usually double, 1/4–2/3 leaf length, sometimes single or nearly ecostate; alar cells sometimes differentiated;
9 KB (433 words) - 07:44, 30 July 2020
nectary 5 glands; pistil 3 (–4) -carpellate; styles 3, distinct or connate proximally, 2-fid, branches 6 per flower, [2 times 2-fid]. Fruits capsules, not
14 KB (666 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
or broadly elliptic, 3–8 (–12) cm, coriaceous or thin, lobes 0 or 3–5 (–8) per side, sinuses shallow, max LII usually 20%, veins (3–) 5–8 per side, absent
6 KB (606 words) - 14:37, 30 July 2020
radiate, usually borne singly, rarely (2–3+) in ± corymbiform to racemiform arrays (peduncles ± scapiform, usually bearing 2+ leaves or bracts proximally or at
13 KB (768 words) - 23:05, 29 July 2020
rhombic, cordate, or obdeltate, coriaceous, glabrate to viscid puberulent; wings 2–5, opaque, subtly veined, not or only slightly extending beyond apex or base
12 KB (544 words) - 09:13, 30 July 2020
(rudimentary in pistillate flowers); ovary superior, 2–4-locular; styles 2–4, connate proximally. Fruits drupes; stones 2–4, longitudinally dehiscent. Seeds obovoid
12 KB (452 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
discoid (except A. bigelovii with, rarely, 1–2 raylike florets). Receptacles epaleate, glabrous. Pappi 0. Florets: 3–20, bisexual, fertile; corollas (pale-yellow)
10 KB (942 words) - 20:46, 29 July 2020
slender and delicate than spreading branches. Branch fascicles with 2–3 spreading to 1–3 pendent branches. Branch stems green to pinkish, surrounded by 1
17 KB (673 words) - 06:50, 30 July 2020
4–14 per locule. Hermannia 2 Ovules 2 per locule > 3 3 Ovaries 5-locular. Melochia 3 Ovaries 1-locular. Waltheria
4 KB (211 words) - 11:22, 30 July 2020
persistent basal rosettes, 0.2–2.5 (–4.5) dm, lengths 1.5–5 times basal leaves. Leaves: basal rarely 2-ranked; cauline 0–2 (–3); primary leaves usually ternate
21 KB (1,382 words) - 14:01, 30 July 2020
pollinaria absent; loose granular pollen in 2 lateral anthers, dorsal anther a large subapical staminode; stigma free, 2–3-lobed. Fruits capsules, ellipsoid to
10 KB (452 words) - 05:19, 30 July 2020
of peripheral pistillate florets sometimes with minute, 3-toothed laminae in Sachsia) [in 1 (–2+) series, pistillate and fertile or neuter]. Peripheral
9 KB (534 words) - 20:42, 29 July 2020
Glumes 2, usually equal, (1) 3-7-veined, usually exceeding the distal florets; florets laterally compressed; lemmas firmly membranous to coriaceous, 3-9-veined
13 KB (931 words) - 04:50, 30 July 2020
occasionally 2, connate proximally for 1/2 of length, rarely to nearly distinct (D. cordata), filiform, 0.1–0.3 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 3, occasionally
13 KB (701 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
to densely flowered racemes, subtended by 3–4 tubular bracts reduced to closed sheaths, glabrous. Flowers 2–41, inconspicuous to showy; perianth spreading
9 KB (511 words) - 05:31, 30 July 2020
rachises usually terete, with (1) 5-many fascicles; fascicle axes 0.2-7.5 (28) mm, with (1) 3-130+ bristles and 1-12 spikelets. Bristles free or fused at the
18 KB (1,301 words) - 04:12, 30 July 2020
sometimes basally lobed; leaflets (1–) 3–16 (–20) per side, separate to overlapping, divided ± 1/6–3/4+ to midrib into 3–30 (–60) teeth or lobes not restricted
10 KB (768 words) - 14:06, 30 July 2020
claviformis (11 subspp.), C. scapoidea (4 subspp.), C. walkeri (2 subspp.), and C. brevipes (3 subspp.). Chylismia scapoidea is the only species in the genus
11 KB (951 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
bud, 2.3–3.3 mm diam.; petals 3–4 (–6), yellowish green. Berries proximally yellowish green or olive green, distally yellow, orange, or brown, 3–5 × 2–3
14 KB (1,109 words) - 18:24, 29 July 2020
perisperm abundant; embryo minute; cotyledons 2, fleshy. Nearly worldwide Genera 6 (including Barclaya), species ca. 50 (2 genera, 17 species in the flora). Nymphaeaceae
8 KB (248 words) - 08:31, 30 July 2020
tepals white to cream or tan, 1.3–5 mm, apex glandular; ovary superior; pedicel jointed near middle. Fruits capsular, 3-locular, 3-lobed, thin-walled or sometimes
10 KB (569 words) - 06:10, 30 July 2020
translucent); ovules (5–) 14–44 per ovary; stigma capitate, entire or slightly 2-lobed. Seeds plump, not winged, oblong or ovoid; seed-coat (minutely reticulate)
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dimorphic, in 2 whorls with 2 outer and 3 inner or 2 outer and 2 inner plus 1 transitional; stamens 8, in 2 series with 5 outer and 3 inner; filaments
13 KB (825 words) - 10:07, 30 July 2020
montanus, Penstemon newberryi, Penstemon personatus, Penstemon rupicola "/3-3/4timescorollathroat" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this
10 KB (581 words) - 19:05, 29 July 2020
cross-section, 2.5–8 × 1.2–3.5 mm, 2–2.5 times as long as wide, dull, base rounded, apex tapering to beak, glabrous or pubescent; beak straight, 0.2–2 mm, emarginate
13 KB (709 words) - 02:14, 30 July 2020
anthers dehiscing by longitudinal slits; pistil 1, 2–12-carpellate, ovary less than 1/2 inferior, 1/2 inferior, or completely inferior, 1–12-locular, placentation
13 KB (775 words) - 18:33, 29 July 2020
rarely glabrous, cymes 1 or 2 per node; peduncles and pedicels spreading to ascending or erect. Flowers: calyx-tube 0.2–1 mm (1.5–2 mm in P. retrorsus), lobes:
12 KB (656 words) - 19:06, 29 July 2020
not; perianth campanulate; tepals 4–5, connate 1/4–2/3 their length; stamens 5–8; styles deciduous, 2–3, included or exserted (exserted syles and stamens
12 KB (760 words) - 10:11, 30 July 2020
scarious, glabrous; petals 2–9 (–12), distinct; stamens 1–23; ovules 1–many; style present or absent; stigmas 2 or 3. Capsules 2–3-valved, dehiscence loculicidal
11 KB (596 words) - 09:43, 30 July 2020
with 3–5 (–6) spikes; proximal nonbasal bracts leaflike or bladeless, long-sheathing; lateral spikes pistillate, frequently basal, sometimes with 1–2 staminate
9 KB (460 words) - 02:08, 30 July 2020
typical Onagraceae 3-pored pollen, usually 4- or 5-pored. This can be observed under low magnification (for example, 10\×) since the 3-pored pollen is triangular
13 KB (827 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
obtuse; petals (0 or) 2–4, apex obtuse; stamens [0–] 1–8; pistil 2–4-carpellate, ovary 2–4-locular, apex truncate; styles 2–4; stigmas 2–4. Capsules membranous
8 KB (388 words) - 18:13, 29 July 2020
branched or unbranched. Leaves in a basal rosette and cauline, cauline (1–) 3–25 cm; blade margins pinnately lobed to sinuate-dentate, serrate to dentate
10 KB (907 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
names: Pokeweed Family Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 3. Mentioned on page 4, 11, 12. Herbs, subshrubs, shrubs, trees, or vines, annual
10 KB (597 words) - 09:11, 30 July 2020
urceolate, 2–13+ mm diam. Phyllaries falling, 3–35 in 1 series (± lanceolate to lance-attenuate or oblanceolate, herbaceous, each usually 1/2 enveloping
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subapical, filiform to tapered, papillate-swollen in proximal 1/10–1/3 (–2/3), (1–) 1.5–3 mm. Achenes smooth. North America, Mexico Species 7 or more (7 in
18 KB (1,044 words) - 13:56, 30 July 2020
apically 2–3-lobed (in Apacheria). Inflorescences terminal on short-shoots, sometimes axillary or appearing so, usually flowers solitary, occasionally 2–3-flowered
10 KB (457 words) - 13:44, 30 July 2020
0–1 mm; leaf blades narrowly oblanceolate to narrowly obovate, 3–7 × 1–3 mm; capsules 3–4 mm wide, horns minute or absent. Ceanothus ophiochilus 22 Leaves
14 KB (504 words) - 18:27, 29 July 2020
greenish or red tinged, actinomorphic, 0.5–2 cm diam.; tepals 6, often connate basally, each bearing 1 or 2, sometimes obscure to absent, yellow to green
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present; pseudoparaphyllia acute to acuminate; axillary hairs of 2–4 cells, cells long, 3–6: 1. Stem-leaves appressed, erect, spreading, patent, or falcate-secund
18 KB (751 words) - 07:47, 30 July 2020
filiform to flat with filiform tip, to 25 cm × 2.5–4 mm. Inflorescences terminal, spikelets solitary, erect or (1–) 2–10 (–30) in subcapitate or subumbellate
10 KB (422 words) - 01:32, 30 July 2020
Semple, Rachel E. Cook Basionym: Triplinerviae Torrey & A. Gray Fl. N. Amer. 2: 222. 1842 Synonyms: Altissimae Mackenzie Solidago subg. Brachyactis Rafinesque
11 KB (911 words) - 21:40, 29 July 2020
club-shaped, often gibbous at base of abaxial lip, abaxial lobes 0 or 3, adaxial 2, adaxial lip galeate, rounded at apex, sometimes obscurely so, opening
9 KB (389 words) - 18:58, 29 July 2020
successively in 1–2 pouches or in cavity at base of mother frond; turions present in some species. Inflorescences usually solitary (mostly 2 per frond for
12 KB (964 words) - 00:51, 30 July 2020
distally. Phyllaries not striate, eglandular. Pappi bristles usually in 2, rarely in 3 series (shorter, outer setiform scales rarely present, inner weakly
5 KB (609 words) - 21:38, 29 July 2020