Search results

acute or gradually to abruptly short-acuminate, rarely cucullate; costa to 60–80% leaf length, strong, terminal abaxial spine present; alar cells short-rectangular

capsules reflexed, base sheathing, apex gradually or abruptly acuminate, costa barely discernible or weak and short, to 1/2 base length, rarely long and vanishing

apex more gradually acute or acuminate. Sexual condition autoicous or dioicous; perichaetial leaves reflexed, apex gradually or abruptly acuminate. Seta redbrown

ovate, tapering gradually or abruptly to apex; margins often toothed in acumen; apex acute to acuminate; ecostate or costa double, short; alar region well

(8–)10–17(–22) mm; phyllaries in ± 3–4 series, apices mostly long-acuminate (innermost short-acuminate); Alabama Liatris oligocephala 16 Involucres hemispheric

areolation heterogeneous; proximal laminal cells gradually or abruptly quadrate to rectangular, shorter than more distal cells, 1–2 (–4):1; medial and distal

concave, short-acuminate; perichaetial leaves usually convolute-sheathing, abruptly subulate or rarely interior leaves gradually acuminate. Seta solitary

bisexual, fertile; corollas yellow or reddish (at least distally), tubes shorter than campanulate throats, lobes 5, triangular (style-branches slender, appendages

not glaucous, glabrous or hairy, hairs usually flattened, beak usually gradually tapering to or slightly bulged below styles; ovules 2–37 per ovary; styles

serrulate to subentire; apex gradually or abruptly tapered, obtuse, acute, short–acuminate, apiculate, or rarely long-acuminate; costa to 60–80% leaf length

broadly or narrowly short or long-decurrent; margins coarsely serrate to subentire; apex gradually or abruptly tapered, acuminate, acute, or apiculate;

rarely glandular-pubescent internally abaxially or adaxially, throat gradually to abruptly inflated, slightly constricted or not at orifice, rounded to 2-ridged

hairy or glabrous, hairs flattened, ribbonlike, or cylindrical, beak abruptly or gradually tapering to styles or slightly bulged below styles; ovules 4–23 per

25–450, bisexual, fertile; corollas yellow (nerves orange-resinous), tubes shorter than usually tubular, sometimes strongly inflated and indurate throats,

appears in FNA Volume 23. Plants densely cespitose or forming loose colonies, short-rhizomatous; shoots both vegetative and flowering. Culms usually maroon,

midleaf, gradually tapering distally or more or less abruptly narrowed; apex acute or obtuse, cucullate or concave, with an apiculus, mucro or short subula;

section. Some forest understory species have very broad, flat, short leaves, with short sheaths and may lie essentially flat on the ground. Inflorescence

branched, short or elongate. Leaves many ranked in flat or high spiral; blade basally pale, distally greener, linear-attenuate or triangular-acuminate, lingulate

pubescent distally, hairs moderately dense, spreading, short to long, soft, eglandular, often mixed with short-stipitate-glandular ones (except var. obispoënsis)

decurrent; margins plane to reflexed or revolute, entire; apex abruptly or gradually slender-acuminate; ecostate; alar cells quadrate, region large; laminal cells

2 + 2). Trichome rays are usually appressed or parallel to surfaces on a short stalk; when the rays flare from surfaces, this is noted in the descriptions

with 2–10 spikes; proximal bracts leaflike, sheathless or short-sheathed, less than 4 mm, shorter or longer than diameter of stem; lateral spikes pistillate

distally; apex abruptly to gradually acuminate, hairpoint absent; costa single, double, 2-fid, or rarely ecostate, strong to weak, short to percurrent,

to moderately plicate; base short-decurrent; margins serrate, serrulate, or subentire; apex gradually tapered or acuminate; costa to (20–) 40–80% leaf

brown when young. Stem-leaves triangular to ovate or narrowly ovate, gradually or abruptly narrowed to apex, straight or falcate, concave or strongly concave

minute; apex acute-acuminate to rounded; costa single, long, ending below apex, thick, usually pellucid, or double and short; laminal cells short. Branch leaves

appendages proximally, serrulate-dentate to crenulate distally; apex abruptly or gradually acuminate; costa single, strong, ending before acumen or rarely excurrent;

oblong, or obovate, gradually or abruptly narrowed to apex, straight or falcate, strongly concave, not plicate; base not decurrent or short-decurrent; margins

strongly compressed; auricles absent; ligules membranous, truncate to acuminate; blades 0.4-12 mm wide, flat, folded, or involute, adaxial surfaces with

serrate (serrulate to entire in H. adscendens); apex acuminate to long-acuminate; costa double and short or rarely ecostate; alar cells usually clearly differentiated

in E. concinnus), irregularly branched to subpinnate, branches relatively short, terete or complanate-foliate. Leaves oblong-lanceolate to oblong-ovate,

apex obtuse to acuminate. Anthers 0.9–3.1 mm. Perigynia spreading, yellow to dark olive, 1.8–4.2 × 0.8–2 mm, apex gradually or abruptly narrowed; beak

and minutely toothed near apex, or denticulate throughout; apex abruptly to gradually narrowed, acumen broad or slender; costa surface smooth or with 1

Leaves marcescent or winter-persistent, primarily basal, cauline 0–4, gradually or abruptly reduced distally, alternate, odd-pinnate; stipules persistent, basally

concave, short-acuminate or rarely long-acuminate in well-developed plants; perichaetial leaves convolute-sheathing, abruptly subulate to gradually acuminate

lanceovate, or ovate (bases gradually or abruptly tapered), margins serrate (usually with gland at apex of each tooth, apices acuminate), abaxial faces usually

plane, serrate or entire, limbidium sometimes present; apex gradually or abruptly acuminate, hairpoint present or absent; costa single, ending before apex

insertion short-rectangular, often smooth; mid basal-cells concolorous to pigmented, papillae simple; medial and distal cells subquadrate, short-rectangular

apiculate, acute, or acuminate; costa single or double, short or ending beyond mid leaf, rarely ecostate; alar cells differentiated, few, short to long-rectangular

cordate or auriculate or cuneate to abruptly narrowed or rounded, margins entire, apex obtuse or acute to acuminate; surfaces abaxially chalky white or

connate into groups proximally, dorsiventrally flattened proximally, gradually or abruptly tapered from base to apex, apex not 2-lobed, although sometimes slightly

cells incrassate; apex gradually or abruptly acuminate, sometimes apiculate, tips often obtuse; costa single, strong, percurrent to short-excurrent, usually

synoicous and autoicous, infrequently dioicous; perichaetial leaf apex gradually acuminate to acute. Seta red to reddish yellow, moderately to strongly papillose-scabrous

serrulate; apex long-acuminate to abruptly acuminate; ecostate or costa double, short; alar cells not differentiated or sometimes quadrate to short-rectangular;

weakly connate basally, slightly adnate to ovary base, petaloid, gradually to abruptly narrowed into claws or claws absent, subequal, margin entire or undulate

long, or double and usually short; alar cells differentiated or not, often inflated; medial laminal cells linear or short-linear, 1-stratose, smooth. Perichaetia

margins sharply and unevenly doubly serrate, apex usually abruptly acuminate, sometimes acute or gradually tapering; surfaces abaxially sparsely to moderately

pseudoparaphyllia acute or acuminate; axillary hairs of 3–7 cells, cells long, 3–6: 1. Stem-leaves erectopatent or erect, gradually reflexed from erect base

present; ovary not glaucous, glabrous or, rarely, villous, beak usually gradually tapering to styles; ovules 2–36 per ovary; styles connate or distinct;

sometimes margins plane, teeth unpaired; apex gradually to abruptly acute to acuminate, sometimes obtuse; costa short to long-excurrent (often subpercurrent in

slightly spreading, ovate, straight; margins serrulate; apex gradually acuminate, often abruptly piliferous; ecostate or costa double; alar cells elongate

papillae 1 (or 2) per cell, conic, 2-fid, or clavate; marginal cells abruptly shorter than basal. Sexual condition autoicous or rarely dioicous; perichaetial

decurrent; margins serrulate proximally, serrate distally; apex gradually tapered, acute, acuminate, truncate, apiculate, or cucullate; costa to 40–80% leaf length

blade greatly reduced, gradually narrowed to a finely acuminate tip, the margins toothed, denticulate to subentire, the costa short to long-excurrent, roughened

Plants loosely cespitose or not, rhizomatous; rhizomes yellowbrown, long [short or lacking], slender, not more than 1.4 mm wide, mostly without persistent

oblong to lanceolate with subulate to acuminate tips, margins plane and undifferentiated, entire to serrate or abruptly toothed; costa subpercurrent to excurrent

truncate to acuminate, sometimes mucronate or awned; lower glumes sometimes rudimentary or absent, occasionally bifid; upper glumes shorter than to longer

corollas pale or pinkish yellow, reddening at maturity, abruptly or gradually ampliate, tubes shorter to longer than tubular to narrowly campanulate throats

subimbricate, ovate or broadly ovate, abruptly or gradually narrowed to apex, ± falcate; apex acuminate or short-acuminate, not cucullate. Habitat: Intermediately

spreading when dry, erect to widespreading when moist, acute to abruptly short-acuminate, sometimes apiculate in larger leaves, concolorous, strongly channeled

2–9 dm. Leaves scattered along stem and gradually reduced distally, or occasionally grouped toward base and abruptly reduced to bracts; blade widespreading

or acuminate, with short callus point; distal subpetiolate or sessile, blades ovate to lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 10–70 × 1–10 mm, gradually or abruptly

recurved proximally, serrate distally, limbidium absent; apex abruptly to gradually acuminate, hairpoint absent; costa single, 2/3 leaf length to subpercurrent

500, 510, 521, 537. Perennials (15–) 20–70 (–120) cm, cespitose; stoutly short-rhizomatous, with thick, woody caudices or a few, long rhizomes. Stems 1–5+

basifixed, dehiscence introrse; pistillate flowers with 6 staminodes, style short or absent, stigmas 3, recurved, ligulate. Berries black, blue, purple, red

0-lobed, apices acuminate or spatulate; mostly west of Continental Divide. > 3 3 Bracts plane-margined, narrowly lanceolate-acuminate, sometimes narrowly

recurved proximally, entire to weakly serrulate distally; apex abruptly to gradually acuminate or subulate, hairpoint absent; costa single, strong, nearly

entire or sometimes serrulate at apex; apex gradually acute, acuminate, or apiculate; costa percurrent or short-excurrent; basal laminal cells elongate; distal

than vegetative buds.) Inflorescences terminal (axillary in R. albiflorum), short, corymbiform or rounded racemes (fasciculate racemes in R. canadense, R.

oblong-lanceolate, oblong-ovate, or ovate; margins entire; apex acute to acuminate; ecostate or costa double; alar cells elongate, somewhat to strongly enlarged

nectary disc absent; stamens 10, exserted; filaments broad proximally, gradually narrowed medially, slender distally, glabrous; anthers oblong, without

intermixed, or in separate patches; interior perichaetial leaves abruptly short-acuminate, convolute-sheathing. Seta 1–3.5 cm, solitary, yellow, reddish

margins plane, entire; apex abruptly acuminate, less often gradually so; costa double, single, or 2-fid, strong, thick, short, infrequently single beyond

terminal; perigonial leaves ovate, concave, short-acuminate; perichaetial leaves with a broad base, abruptly narrowed to a long awn, inner ones sheathing

condition autoicous or dioicous; perichaetial leaves enlarged or not. Seta short to long, straight, arcuate, or rarely sigmoid. Capsule erect, rarely pendent

proximally, serrulate distally; apex acuminate; costa double, short or to 2/3 leaf length; alar cells not differentiated, or shorter, wider than basal-cells; laminal

staminate (ovaries not producing cypselae) corollas yellow, tubes shorter than gradually to abruptly ampliate throats, lobes 5, erect or spreading, ± deltate (equal);

occasionally fistulose, obtuse to acute, occasionally abruptly narrowed and concave-acuminate; costa short-excurrent by 1–3 cells, cells of the adaxial surface

sometimes denticulate near apex; apex rounded-obtuse, acute, occasionally acuminate, apiculate, or awned; costa strong, ending near apex; alar cells rarely

5 > 14 14 Disc corollas abruptly ampliate, throats usually campanulate, sometimes funnelform > 15 14 Disc corollas not abruptly ampliate, throats funnelform

yellowish-brown margins, veinless, elliptic or obovate, 2.5–3 × 2–3 mm, apex gradually or abruptly beaked, distal margins smooth; beak 0.25–0.3 mm, bidentate, smooth

sometimes long-acuminate; and the costa is absent, single, or double and short. The alar cells are undifferentiated to differentiated and short-quadrate; the

ovate and concave basally, limb distally narrow, keeled to tubulose, gradually acuminate to a fine-point; apex acute to obtuse, not deciduous; margins at the

occasionally fragile or caducous; costa ending several cells before apex to short-excurrent, adaxial cells quadrate to elongate, in 2–4 (–8) rows; transverse-section

recurved proximally, coarsely serrate almost to base; apex abruptly or rarely gradually short-acuminate, acumen somewhat spreading to reflexed, often homomallous

sometimes puberulent or scabridulous, usually not ciliate, cilia sometimes shorter than the base; pseudopetioles rarely present; blades usually linear, sometimes

longer distal leaves with a less well-developed sheath. Leaf apex acute or acuminate; costae ending a few cells below apex or excurrent; sheath clear in the

to rounded, rarely abruptly truncate or cuneate, often asymmetric, margins entire, sometimes wavy, apex usually acute to acuminate, rarely obtuse, abaxial

to narrowly elliptic, 20–70 cm × 15–30 cm, base gradually or abruptly tapered, apex acute to acuminate. Inflorescences: peduncles green [magenta], often

proximally, sessile distally, gradually reduced distally, blade triangular-lanceolate to linear. Inflorescences 1, short-cylindric to ovoid, 35–65 × 12–20

becoming scaly with age, with conspicuous horizontal lenticels; long and short-shoots present; unarmed; twigs with smell and taste of bitter almond (cyanogenic

circular in cross-section, 1.5–2.5 cm, base gradually attenuate into pedicel, apex abruptly acuminate into floral-tube; style 2.2–3 cm, crests spreading

or usually cauline, relatively even-sized or gradually larger distally; petiole absent, proximal base short petiolelike, 1–5 mm; blade ovate to broadly

ovatelanceolate, gradually or sometimes abruptly narrowed to apex, ± suddenly curved distally, concave, 0.5–1 mm wide; apex acuminate or long-acuminate, sometimes

duration","sepal quantity","sepal shape","short-shoot architecture","short-shoot duration","short-shoot presence","short-shoot texture","side architecture","side

usually shortly and strongly undulate, evenly crenulate-papillose, gradually subulate-acuminate, apex acumination confluent with the mucro, leaves at the extreme

serrulate distally; apex acute to gradually short-acuminate; ecostate or costa double, short; alar region ± abruptly differentiated, 1-stratose, not reaching

spreading, plane, ovatelanceolate to elliptic-oblong, abruptly acuminate at the apex, ending in a short spine, the margins coarsely and sharply serrate to

proximally, serrulate throughout, sometimes almost entire; apex gradually to abruptly long-acuminate; costa ending in acumen, often obscure distally, terminal

branches initially patent then ascending, leafy. Peduncles densely short-strigose, ± densely short-stipitate-glandular, bracts 1–8+, spreading to reflexed, linear

condition dioicous. Capsule nutant, pyriform, 2–3 (–4) mm; hypophysis slender, gradually tapered to seta, not inflated and rugose; peristome well developed; endostome

or flask-shaped, 0.3–0.8 mm, shorter than stipe; stipe 0.5–2.5 mm; ovary pyriform, glabrous, beak gradually to abruptly tapering to or slightly bulged

ovary rounded in cross-section, 1.4–3 cm, base gradually attenuate into pedicel, apex abruptly acuminate into floral-tube; style 3 cm, crests reflexed,

narrowly oblanceolate to linear-oblanceolate, 40–120 × 2–7 mm, gradually or abruptly reduced distally (continuing as linear, mostly 10–40 mm bracts),

above, oblong-lanceolate, with a broad lanceolate base gradually narrowing to a short-acuminate apex; margins serrulate in the distal half, involute in

rarely subentire; apex gradually or abruptly acuminate; costa to 50–75% leaf length, strong, terminal spine small; alar cells short-rectangular, enlarged

oblong-ovate, in leaves near the base of the shoot abruptly contracted to the blade, in distal leaves more gradually tapering, not hyaline-margined, with a narrow

slightly revolute or flat, entire, apex acuminate, acute, convex, or rounded, abaxial surface pilose or midrib sparsely short-silky, or apex long-silky bearded

broadly ovate, gradually or often abruptly narrowed to apex, ± suddenly curved distally, concave, 0.5–1.1 mm wide; apex short or long-acuminate, often apiculate;

or usually cauline, relatively even-sized or gradually larger distally; petiole absent, proximal base short petiolelike, 1–5 mm; blade ovate to broadly

uppermost leaves sometimes short or absent. Inflorescences terminal panicles, spikelike, capitate to cylindrical; branches usually shorter than 5 mm, lower branches

cm, base gradually attenuate; petals lanceolate, 3–5.5 × 0.6–1.2 cm, base gradually attenuate, apex emarginate; ovary 1–1.8 cm, base abruptly attenuate

most cases abruptly narrowed into weak apical spine; bracts reflexed or appressed at maturity > 5 4 Perianth segment apices long-acuminate or long-subulate

or serrulate in abruptly acute apex; apex gradually to abruptly acute to slightly acuminate tip, sometimes obtuse; costa double, short, slender, ecostate

stenophylla) from forming dense, hard-based tufts from packed, intertwined short rhizomes. Only a few species are strongly clonal by elongate rhizomes; those

glands 0–6, round or tubular, margins translucent, ciliate, apex abruptly short or long-acuminate, surfaces grayish green to bright green, glabrous (or visibly

circumference). Stem-leaves almost orbicular to broadly ovatelanceolate, abruptly or gradually narrowed to apex, suddenly curved distally or rarely straight, strongly

proximally, weakly serrulate distally; apex broadly, abruptly acuminate; costa double, short; alar region ± abruptly differentiated, 1-stratose, not reaching costa

males among rhizoids of female plants; interior perichaetial leaves abruptly long-acuminate, convolute-sheathing. Seta 2.5–5 cm, aggregate, 2–5 per perichaetium

usually only near base, entire to slightly serrulate; apex gradually tapered, often abruptly acuminate; costa to 40–70% leaf length, stronger near base, often

commonly proximally), serrulate to base, rarely subentire; apex gradually or abruptly long-acuminate, acumen often falcate or flexuose; costa to 50–75% leaf length

base rounded, narrowly short-decurrent; margins plane or recurved in places, evenly serrulate throughout; apex abruptly acuminate; costa to 40–60% leaf

serrulate or crenulate, apex acute, acuminate, or convex, abaxial surface glaucous (sometimes obscured by hairs), densely short-silky, hairs straight, adaxial

lanceolate with nearly parallel margins and gradually acuminate apices, quite distinct from the ovate or obovate, abruptly apiculate or obtuse leaves common in

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Treatment on page 532. Trees, to 12 m; trunks short, often crooked, longitudinally or transversely fluted, crowns spreading.

(especially at shoulders of acumen); apex gradually tapered or broadly rounded and then abruptly short and narrowly acuminate; costa (20–) 50–70% leaf length, broad

ovate or elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, 15–120 × 15–35 mm, bases gradually to ± abruptly attenuate, margins crenate-serrate, apices obtuse to acute; proximal

plant; apex gradually tapered or acuminate; costa to 60–75% leaf length, slender, terminal spine present or absent; alar cells subquadrate to short-rectangular

places, entire to slightly serrulate, especially distally; apex gradually or abruptly tapered, acumen often long and filiform; costa to 60–75% leaf length

throughout (often serrate in sympodial stems); apex gradually tapered, broadly acute, rarely short-acuminate; costa to 50–70% leaf length, strong, terminal

blades ovate or ovatelanceolate to lanceolate, 30–130 × 12–70 mm, gradually or ± abruptly reduced distally, bases rounded to attenuate, margins entire, scabrous

1) mm, apex acuminate to short-awned to 1.5 mm. Staminate scales with whitish to castaneous margins, 3.1–4.3 × 1–1.5 mm, apex acute to short-awned. Anthers

sometimes slightly revolute, serrulate, or crenulate to subentire, apex abruptly acuminate or acute, abaxial surface glaucous (tip often not glaucous), sparsely

or linear-attenuate, abruptly, then gradually, narrowing, 10–40 (–50) cm, apex acute or obtuse. Inflorescences: scape sheaths shorter than principal leaves;

width","seed architecture","sepal fusion","short-shoot architecture","short-shoot architecture or arrangement","short-shoot arrangement","slit dehiscence or

sparsely strigose; mid to distal cauline petiolate to sessile, abruptly to gradually tapering to short broadly winged petiolelike bases, blades lanceolate, 22–46

broadly acute to rounded, lamina inserted laterally or to 45° on costa; costa short to long-excurrent as an awn, occasionally percurrent or subpercurrent, adaxial

Leaves usually cauline, relatively even-sized or gradually larger distally; petiole absent, proximal base short petiolelike; blade broadly ovate or obovate

to distinctly narrowed, narrowly short-decurrent; margins plane or recurved near base, entire; apex gradually acuminate; costa to 60% leaf length, slender

margins usually recurved proximally, plane in acumen, rarely erect; apex abruptly acuminate; laminal cells 5–6 µm wide, papillae 3–5. Branch leaves erect when

apex acute or gradually to abruptly long-tapering, may give appearance of apiculus due to involute margins; costa double, usually short, slender, frequently

acute to acuminate, abruptly ending before a sharp apiculus or narrowly acute and confluent with a conical, nearly mucronate apiculus; in shorter leaves

mm, erect-patent, weakly secund, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, gradually acuminate to a channelled subula, acute, lamina 1-stratose except on margins;

proximal cauline 1-nerved, lance-linear to linear, 50–150 × 2–5 mm, gradually or abruptly reduced distally, essentially glabrous (proximal margins sparsely

recurved below broadest point of leaf, serrulate; apex gradually or abruptly narrowly acuminate; costa to 90–100% leaf length, moderately strong, terminal

the two. Gradually acuminate perichaetial leaves that loosely surround the seta are characteristic of D. howellii. Dicranum scoparium has abruptly acuminate

L. provincialis are broader (versus gradually and more narrowly lanceolate), often abruptly acute to short-acuminate or cuspidate, but there is little else

suborbiculate, obovate, or spatulate, base cuneate, margins entire, plane, apex acuminate, acute, or obtuse to rounded, surfaces glabrous. Inflorescences axillary

beyond on one or both sides, distinctly serrulate distally; apex short-acuminate to acuminate, often falcate; costa single, strong, reaching mid leaf to percurrent;

thin, region abruptly or occasionally gradually delimited, pellucid; laminal cells linear, 60–150 × 7–12 µm; basal-cells broader, shorter than laminal

to moderately white-lanate internally abaxially, tube 5–12 mm, throat gradually inflated, slightly constricted at orifice, 8–13 (–18) mm diam., rounded

with pair of calli, apex usually ± crisped; mentum or spur absent; column short, cylindric; anther cordate, apex acute or obtuse; pollinia clavate with slender

on page 109, 119. Plants loosely cespitose, 45–150 cm; caudices short, woody, or short rhizomes. Stems usually single, erect (proximally medium to dark-brown

sheath poorly developed; perigonial leaves shorter than stem-leaves, consisting mostly of the sheaths, abruptly apiculate. Calyptra without longitudinal

square, or ovate, 0.3–0.7 mm, shorter than stipe; stipe 0.3–2 mm; ovary pyriform or obclavate, glabrous, beak gradually to abruptly tapering to styles; ovules

obovate-lanceolate proximally, carinate-acuminate distally, gradually narrowed to a broad, channeled to subtubulose acumen which generally shorter than the leaf base, 1

architecture","sepal duration","sepal quantity","short-shoot architecture","short-shoot duration","short-shoot presence","short-shoot texture","side architecture","side

flat, spinulose-serrulate or serrulate, apex acuminate, caudate, or acute, surfaces glabrous or sparsely short-silky, hairs straight, dull adaxially; proximal

than 3 times the shorter diameter. Pappus elements with “flatter” cross sections (i.e., longer diameter more than 3 times the shorter diameter) are called

Perichaetial leaves with oblong-ovate to lanceolate base, gradually to abruptly narrowed to a subulate to acuminate tip, 1.25–4.3 × 0.25–0.5 mm, margins entire proximally

stramineous margins, 2.6–3.3 × 1.2–1.8 mm, body (2.3–) 2.7–3.8, apex acuminate to short-awned, awn to 0.7 mm. Staminate scales with whitish to stramineous

and a key to specimens with mature leaves. Flowering in early spring is short-lived in poplars, with abscission of staminate catkins and pistillate floral

crenate-serrate or entire (distal), scabrous, teeth mucronate, apices acuminate, sharply mucronate, abaxial faces glabrescent to sparsely strigose, veins

2–4-lobed). Disc-florets 40–100+, bisexual, fertile; corollas yellow, tubes shorter than campanulate throats, lobes 5, triangular (style-branches slender, apices

corollas yellow. Disc-florets 3–22, bisexual, fertile; corollas yellow, tubes shorter than tubular to slender-funnelform throats, lobes 5, erect to ascending

weakly contorted when dry, erect-spreading, occasionally patent when moist, gradually longlanceolate, 1.5–2 mm; base undifferentiated or somewhat broader than

obtuse; stems complanate-foliate. Erpodium; Solmsiella 8 Leaf apices short-acuminate; stems symmetrically foliate. Braunia 6 Laminal cells 1-papillose or