Search results

determinate and segmented. Stem segments flattened, narrowly linear to obovate or falcate, 6–30 (–50) × 3–10 (–15) cm, low to strongly tuberculate; areoles

oblong-lanceolate, falcate, apex acute; petals weakly to strongly recurved, elliptic, oblong-obovate, oblanceolate, or obovate, falcate; lip ovate to obovate, clawed

to narrowly elliptic, oblanceolate, or elliptic-obovate, rarely falcate, 10–65 × 3–11 (–18) mm, margins with (1 or) 2–5 (–7) pairs of blunt to sharp teeth

petiolules 0-2 mm, terminal petiolules 2-13 mm; blades ovate to elliptic or obovate, not falcate, 4-19 × 2-8 cm, margins finely to coarsely serrate, apex acute,

mm; lateral sepals linearlanceolate, falcate, 12–18 × 2.5–4.5 mm; petals oblanceolate to narrowly obovate, falcate, 12–20 × 1.5–3.8 mm, apex obtuse to acute;

elliptic to oblanceolate, rounded, slightly falcate, 7–12 × 3–4.5 mm; petals obovate to oblanceolate, falcate, 8–11 × 2–3.5 mm, apically rounded; lip shallowly

architecture or arrangement or growth form","flower arrangement or shape","inflorescence position or structure subtype","lacuna coloration or relief","margin

petiolules 0-1 mm, terminal petiolules 0-5 mm; blades ovate to elliptic or obovate, not falcate, 4-10 × 2-4 cm, margins often coarsely serrate, apex acuminate;

5–9), minor 1 or 1–3 pairs; major leaflet blades elliptic or narrowly elliptic to lanceolate, sometimes ± obovate (lateral sometimes ± falcate), terminal

distinct) linear to lanceolate, obovate, or oblong; corolla white, cream, or yellow, sometimes pinkish, tube yellowish, brownish, or purplish, often with dark

gray, smooth or fissured or exfoliating with small platelike scales or narrow strips. Twigs reddish-brown, slender, essentially glabrous or sparsely scaly

America Association Shrubs or trees to 4–5 m; trunks 15–20 cm diam. Stem segments linear to narrowly obovate, sometimes slightly falcate, (10–) 15–35 (–50) ×

oblong-obovate, often ± falcate, 5–16 × 1–4.5 mm, base subsymmetric to strongly oblique, margins sparsely spinulose-serrulate, apex rounded or broadly

architecture or relief","side relief","stamen height or length or size","stem orientation","stem position","stipule architecture or function or pubescence"

crowded on short-shoots, simple or deeply lobed; stipules deciduous with leaves or sometimes earlier, free, circinate or falcate, margins serrate to crenate

mostly narrow, lanceolate, occasionally falcate or falcate-secund leaves, with a single, narrow to broad costa, with or without rhizoids at the base, sometimes

arrangement or shape","petal quantity","petiole architecture or function or pubescence","petiole presence","plate architecture or pubescence or relief","plate

developed. Stem-leaves straight or falcate, or from straight base suddenly curved, plicate or not; costa single, usually long, or double and usually short; alar

reflexed, spreading, or connivent, linear, linear-oblong to lanceolate, or elliptic, falcate; lip prominently deflexed or not, sessile or clawed, linear-oblong

cells linear or short-linear, rarely rectangular or hexagonal, 1-stratose or sometimes partially 2- or multistratose, smooth or rarely prorate or papillose

architecture","body architecture or pubescence or relief","body architecture or shape","body relief","branch arrangement or course or shape","branch structure

Bulbs solitary or clustered, dividing at base, or on rhizomes, reforming annually; outer coats generally brown or gray, smooth, fibrous, or with cellular

arrangement or shape","petal quantity","petiole architecture or function or pubescence","petiole presence","plate architecture or pubescence or relief","plate

corymbiform or racemiform, hairy or glabrous; bracts present or absent; bracteoles present or absent. Pedicels present. Flowers opening before or after full

absent or persistent, produced in mid summer, green, oblanciform or falcate. Scapes 1 (sometimes 2 in S. alabamensis, S. jonesii, S. rubra), longer or shorter

1-4×-ternately or pinnately compound; leaflets cordate-reniform, obovate, lanceolate, or linear, sometimes 3-lobed or more, margins entire or crenate. Inflorescences

and at apex. Stems erect or spreading. Leaves cauline; petiole present or absent; blade ovate, elliptic, lanceolate, or falcate, unlobed, margins dentate

sepals oblanceolate, falcate, 11–15 × 3–4 mm; petals oblanceolate, falcate, 11–14 × 3–4 mm; lip facing away from stem, white, obovate, clawed, 3-lobed, 8–20

10-ridged or obscurely 10-lobed, capitate, oblong, or clavate, papillose, rarely coarsely canescent. Fruits schizocarps, ovoid [pyramidal or conic], 10-lobed

elliptic-lanceolate, 15–22 × 3–8 mm; petals narrowly elliptic to obovate or oblanceolate, slightly falcate, 15–19 × 4.5–7.5 mm; lip broadly elliptic, deeply 3-lobed

erect, spreading, reflexed to flexuose or falcate-secund, little changed when dry, spreading from an oblong-obovate to elliptic sheath; costa consisting

persistent or deciduous, linear, lanceolate, triangular, or ovate to ± falcate; blade orbiculate or reniform, unlobed or palmately 3–7 (–9) -lobed or divided

mm; petals white, fading rose or rose-pink to dark or deep rose-purple, or pink to pale or light rose, or lavender, obovate or obcordate, (16–) 20–50 (–60)

opposite or compactly whorled, densely imbricate or crowded, 3–15 mm; petiole present or absent; blade oblong-lanceolate to narrowly spatulate, obovate, or

pink, obovate or obcordate; pollen 90–100% fertile; stigma deeply divided into 4 linear lobes. Capsules thick-walled and woody, straight to falcate or sigmoid

apices obtuse or acute, sinuses between teeth rounded or acute. Flowers: calyx lobes falcate, apex obtuse; corolla brownish purple, purple, or lilac with

architecture or pubescence or relief","adaxial or abaxial abaxial surface coloration","adaxial or abaxial abaxial surface shape","adaxial or abaxial abaxial

when young or yellowbrown. Stem-leaves ovate or broadly so, oblong, or obovate, gradually or abruptly narrowed to apex, straight or falcate, strongly concave

distal cauline leaves sessile or short-petiolate, 2×-ternately compound or simple. Leaf-blade: leaflets reniform to obovate, apically 4-7-lobed, 10-30 mm

obdeltate to obovate or broadly obovate, 0.6–2 × 0.6–1.8 mm; apical notch to 1/2 length of petal; filaments 0.7–2.2 mm; style 0.6–2.3 mm. Capsules clavoid, tapering

cauline, opposite; petiole absent or nearly so; blade sometimes fleshy, not leathery, margins crenate, serrate, dentate, or incised. Inflorescences terminal

perennial, or sometimes biennial, hairy, hairs stellate, 4-rayed, and/or simple, or plants glabrous and glaucous. Stems erect, ascending, or decumbent.

measurement","stamen height or length or size","stamen quantity","stem orientation","stem quantity","stipe fusion","stipe height or length or size","stipe orientation"

lobes usually ovate or elliptic to widely obovate, sometimes narrowly elliptic, narrowly ovate, lanceolate, or spatulate to narrowly obovate, lateral lobes

linearlanceolate, falcate, 6–11 × 2–2.5 mm; petals linearlanceolate, falcate, 8–11 × 1–2 mm; lip facing stem, white to pale green, ovate to obovate, clawed, 3-lobed

"pollen-grain architecture or shape","pollen-grain pubescence or relief or texture","portion reproduction","pseudobulb size","rhizome growth form or orientation","root

oblongelliptic, slightly falcate, 12–23 × 4–7 mm, apex obtuse to subacute; petals oblanceolate to elliptic, falcate, 13–23 × 5–7 mm; lip ovate to obovate, clawed, deeply

plane, incurved, or involute, entire or sometimes dentate distally, occasionally bordered by thick-walled or elongate cells or cells in one or more layers;

color or turning black on drying, stout or slender, hirsute or glabrous. Terminal buds tan to dark-brown to black, ovoid, 6-18 mm, tomentose or nearly

one of each pair alternately smaller or sometimes abortive; stipules persistent, herbaceous, subulate to falcate, apex acute; petiolules very short to

arrangement or shape","envelope derivation","envelope texture","epidermis arrangement","flower architecture","flower architecture or arrangement or growth form"

"pollen-grain architecture or shape","pollen-grain pubescence or relief or texture","portion reproduction","pseudobulb size","rhizome growth form or orientation","root

stipules ± falcate to ± 1/2-round, margins deeply incised; major leaflets 3–9 (mid cauline 5–7), minor 0 or 1 pair; major leaflet blades obovate to elliptic

fruit, glabrous or glandular-villosulous. Flowers: calyx not falcate, abaxial lobe shorter than adaxial lobes, 2–4 × 0.3–0.5 mm, glabrous or glandular-villosulous;

measurement","stamen height or length or size","stamen quantity","stem orientation","stem quantity","stipe fusion","stipe height or length or size","stipe orientation"

"anther position or structure subtype","blade architecture","blade arrangement or vernation","column architecture or fixation","column course or shape","column

sepal obovate to oblanceolate, 9–17 × 5–8 mm, apex acuminate; lateral sepals reflexed only at tip or straight, ovate to lanceolate, slightly falcate to straight

subshrubs or shrubs, annual or perennial, with taproot or thickened rootstock. Stems usually prostrate, sometimes erect, ascending, reclining, or decumbent

abaxially; petals white or tinged pink or red, 8–15 × 5–14 mm, claw 3–4 mm, blade usually ovate or ovate-rhombic, rarely oblanceolate, obovate, or oval, margins

differ in width and/or shape, middle lobes lanceolate or spatulate to narrowly obovate, lateral lobes lanceolate or spatulate to falcate (each sometimes with

"pollen-grain architecture or shape","pollen-grain pubescence or relief or texture","portion reproduction","pseudobulb size","rhizome growth form or orientation","root

"panicle branch height or length or size","raceme shape","spikelet architecture or arrangement or growth form","spikelet position or shape","spikelet presence"

"pollen-grain architecture or shape","pollen-grain pubescence or relief or texture","portion reproduction","pseudobulb size","rhizome growth form or orientation","root

dorsal sepal elliptic-obovate, 3–3.5 × 1.5–2 mm, apex subobtuse; lateral sepals elliptic, oblong, or ovatelanceolate, strongly falcate, 3–4 × 1–1.5 mm, apex

carpels (4 or) 5 (or 6), free, adaxially sparsely villous, styles terminal; ovules 3–5. Fruits aggregated follicles, (4 or) 5 (or 6), falcate, truncated

architecture or shape","pollen-grain pubescence or relief or texture","pollinium quantity","portion reproduction","pseudobulb size","rhizome growth form or orientation"

decumbent or prostrate. Leaves basal and cauline, alternate or opposite, simple; stipules absent; petiole present or absent; blade margins entire or dentate-serrate

texture","fiber length","filament architecture or pubescence or relief","filament pubescence or relief or texture","filament relief","filament shape","filament

dorsal sepal obovate, 6 × 2 mm; lateral sepals ovate, slightly falcate, 6 × 2 mm; petals white or suffused with pink, lanceolate-ovate, falcate, 6 × 2 mm;

unbranched or branched, (often glaucous, glabrous distally). Leaves basal and cauline; petiolate or sessile; basal rosulate or not, petiolate or sessile,

Subshrubs or herbs, annual (fibrous-rooted or taprooted) or perennial (rhizomatous), terrestrial or semiaquatic. Stems prostrate to decumbent or erect, terete

Plants annual or perennial, 30–80 cm, glabrous, papillose-scabrid, or hirtellous. Stems erect or ascendent, branched. Leaves: blade obovate, 4–10 × 1–2.5

fixation","apex architecture or shape","apex shape","bract architecture or fixation","bract arrangement","bract fixation or orientation","bract orientation"

presence","calyptra shape","capsule architecture or arrangement or shape or vernation","capsule architecture or shape","capsule life cycle","chlorocyst prominence"

architecture or arrangement","inflorescence architecture or arrangement or growth form","inflorescence position or structure subtype","leaf arrangement or vernation"

petiole 20-50 mm, glabrate or pubescent. Leaf-blade ovate to elliptic or obovate, 90-300 × 60-160 mm, base cuneate to rounded or truncate, margins with 5-11

"pollen-grain architecture or shape","pollen-grain pubescence or relief or texture","portion reproduction","pseudobulb size","rhizome growth form or orientation","root

"pollen-grain architecture or shape","pollen-grain pubescence or relief or texture","portion reproduction","pseudobulb size","rhizome growth form or orientation","root

unequal, 6–9 × 2–3 mm, apex acute to acuminate; petals yellow, obovate or oblong-obovate, (10–) 12–15 mm; stamens 40–80 (–100); anther gland amber; styles

pubescent or tomentose (sometimes on midveins) or glabrous, eglandular or glandular, with or without resinous glands, adaxial pale, light, or dark green

architecture or pubescence or shape","cilium length or size","cilium texture","culm texture","floret arrangement","floret height or length or size","floret

architecture or arrangement or growth form","flower duration","flower part life cycle","flower shape","flower tube fusion","flower tube height or length or size"

"apex architecture or shape","apical appendage shape","appendages ring presence","array architecture","branch arrangement or course or shape","branch structure

"pollen-grain architecture or shape","pollen-grain pubescence or relief or texture","portion reproduction","pseudobulb size","rhizome growth form or orientation","root

"series quantity","short-shoot length or size","short-shoot presence","stamen height or length or size","stamen length or size","staminode function","staminode

position","leaf quantity","margin architecture or shape","margin arrangement","margin arrangement or course or shape","margin pubescence","nectary gland coloration"

position","leaf quantity","margin architecture or shape","margin arrangement","margin arrangement or course or shape","margin pubescence","nectary gland coloration"

architecture or pubescence or shape","cilium length or size","cilium texture","culm texture","floret arrangement","floret height or length or size","floret

lanceolate, or oblong, sometimes oblanceolate, widely elliptic, ovate, or obovate, 0.3–3 × 0.2–1.5 cm, base acute, attenuate, rounded, or obtuse, margins

puberulent or subglabrous, hairs incurved. Leaves alternate; sessile or subsessile; blade usually linear-lanceolate to linear, sometimes falcate-linear with

petiolules 0-1 mm, terminal petiolules 2-5 mm; blades ovate to obovate or elliptic, not falcate, 2-15 × 1-6 cm, margins finely to coarsely serrate, apex acuminate;

0-1 mm, terminal petiolules 2-10 mm; blades ovate to obovate, elliptic, or linear-elliptic, not falcate, 3-15 × 1-8 cm, margins finely to coarsely serrate

"series quantity","short-shoot length or size","short-shoot presence","stamen height or length or size","stamen length or size","staminode function","staminode

3-7 mm, glabrous or with scales somewhat ciliate at apex. Leaves: petiole 20-50 mm, glabrous. Leaf-blade ovate to elliptic or obovate, 75-200 × 55-130

petiolules 0-1 mm, terminal petiolules 2-14 mm; blades ovate to obovate or elliptic, not falcate, 9-20 × 3-10 cm, margins coarsely serrate, apex narrowly acuminate;

petiolules 0-2 mm, terminal petiolules 2-3 mm; blades ovate or obovate to elliptic, not falcate, 3-17 × 1-8 cm, margins finely to coarsely serrate, without

"inflorescence position or structure subtype","margin architecture or function or pubescence","margin shape","mesocarp architecture or dehiscence","pedicel

architecture or arrangement or growth form","pedicel course","petiolule atypical some measurement","prickle count or density","prickle fixation or orientation"

narrowly elliptic, lanceolate, spatulate, or obovate, (rarely linear), lateral lobes lanceolate or spatulate to falcate, margins usually entire, sometimes serrate

pubescence or relief","body architecture or shape","body relief","branch arrangement or course or shape","branch structure in adjective form","bristle architecture"

architecture or arrangement","inflorescence architecture or arrangement or growth form","inflorescence position or structure subtype","leaf arrangement or vernation"

"flower architecture or arrangement or growth form","leaf atypical some measurement","leaf some measurement","lobe arrangement or course or shape","papilla

arrangement or growth form","cell relief","crest process architecture or pubescence or relief","crest process quantity","filament arrangement or course or shape"

calyx, ovate or ovate-deltate to obovate, narrowed to base, 5–8 (–12) × 2.5 (–5) mm, shorter than calyx, margins entire, surfaces stellate-hairy or glabrate

"inflorescence position or structure subtype","margin architecture or function or pubescence","margin shape","mesocarp architecture or dehiscence","pedicel

cuneate, obdeltate, or obovate, (tapering to claw), 5–8 (–10) mm, (claw often widened at base). Fruits (shortly stipitate), subglobose, not or slightly compressed

architecture","silicle architecture or pubescence or relief","silicle shape","silique architecture","silique architecture or pubescence or relief","silique shape"

transparent (whitish and shiny when dry), entire; apex rounded or obtuse. Median leaves falcate-lanceolate or oblique-ovate, 2.4–2.7 × 0.9–1.3 mm; base auriculate

"margin architecture or shape","membrane width","pedicel atypical some measurement","petal shape","ridge architecture or pubescence or relief","root position"

3–7 (–10) cm; blade obovate to linear-oblanceolate, margins coarsely and irregularly serrate or dentate, sometimes pinnately lobed or subentire. Flowers:

herbaceous, falcate, margins glandular; petiole length 15–30% blade, winged distally, pubescent, glandular; blade deep green, broadly obovate to ± isodiametric

architecture or arrangement or growth form","terminal and axillary raceme architecture or arrangement or growth form","whole_organism growth form or habitat"

leaflets narrowly cuneate or oblanceolate to obovate, 1–3 (–4) × 0.2–0.8 (–1) cm, distal 1/4–1/2 (–2/3) or less of margin incised ± 1/4 or less to midvein, teeth

conduplicate, involute, or convolute, sometimes glaucous or pruinose, abaxial surfaces usually glabrous or scabrous, sometimes puberulent or pubescent, rarely

margins inrolled or recurved). > 9 9 Leaves ecostate, costa short and double, double or single to 1/3 leaf length, or single with 2 or 3 lateral spurs.