(broadly obovate or spatulate), 3–5 (–8) × (1–) 1.5–2.5 (–4) mm, (apex rounded); filaments 2–3 (–4) mm; anthers oblong, 0.4–0.7mm, (apex apiculate). Fruits linear
11 KB (1,071 words) - 12:31, 30 July 2020
diverge at or just distal to bases of blades. Such leaves are described as 3-nerved, 3(–5)-nerved, 5-nerved, etc., and, as appropriate, the phrases “from bases”
275 KB (5,940 words) - 15:30, 15 December 2020
short, stout prickle. Seeds ellipsoid, oblique-tipped; body 6–7mm, dark-brown; wing to 20mm. Generated Map Legacy Map Ala., Fla., Ga., La., Miss., S.C.,
8 KB (493 words) - 00:33, 30 July 2020
capsular, usually 2-valved ((3 or) 4 (–6) in Rorippa barbareifolia, (2 or) 4 in Tropidocarpum capparideum), termed siliques if length 3+ times width, or silicles
107 KB (3,718 words) - 12:07, 30 July 2020
pericarp thin; hila punctate to linear; embryos from 1/4-1/3 as long as the caryopses. x = 7. The Poeae constitute the largest tribe of grasses, encompassing
45 KB (1,179 words) - 03:07, 30 July 2020
open only at apex; perianth absent; stamens 1–3; styles deciduous or variously persistent, linear, 2–3 (–4) -fid. Achenes biconvex, planoconvex, or trigonous
80 KB (3,349 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
florets; lemmas 1-3-veined or 7-13-veined, rarely 5-veined, if with 7-13 veins, the veins often in 3 groups; lodicules 2, or absent, x = 7, 8, 9, 10, 12.
34 KB (1,217 words) - 04:33, 30 July 2020
the major veins; lodicules (0) 2-3, inconspicuous, usually without veins, bases swelling at anthesis; stamens usually 3, sometimes 1 (2) or 6+, filaments
35 KB (1,876 words) - 02:36, 30 July 2020
arrays. Involucres turbinate to hemispheric, 5–35 mm diam. Phyllaries 30–125 (–150) in 2–5 series, 1-nerved or 3-nerved (nerves golden-resinous; usually flat
97 KB (2,063 words) - 21:58, 29 July 2020
apical; paleas usually well-developed, sometimes reduced or absent; lodicules 2 (3), usually lanceolate and broadly membranous distally, rarely truncate and fleshy
17 KB (872 words) - 03:12, 30 July 2020
Brouillet, John L. Strother Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 3. Mentioned on page 20, 23, 39, 78, 102, 108, 257. Annuals, biennials, perennials
79 KB (1,886 words) - 20:55, 29 July 2020
gynoecium 3-carpellate, connate, forming compound, inferior, 1-locular or 3-locular ovary; style variously adnate to filaments; stigmas usually 3-lobed, concave
41 KB (2,210 words) - 05:19, 30 July 2020
joined to tip, often with contrasting colors on margins, abaxial lip with 3 highly variable lobes, consisting of either greatly reduced, ± incurved, usually
79 KB (2,746 words) - 18:50, 29 July 2020
glabrous, occasionally lanate or glandular, rarely scabrellous; bracts usually 3, connate basally, usually scalelike, sometimes semileaflike or leaflike. Peduncles
80 KB (1,352 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
hemispheric, or obconic, (2–)3–7(–25) mm diam.; phyllaries (5–)8–45(–65+) in (1–)2–8+ series; florets (3–)10–125(–200+). > 3 2 Subshrubs or shrubs; phyllaries
17 KB (728 words) - 22:41, 29 July 2020
Candolle Nesodraba Greene Tomostima Rafinesque Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 269. Mentioned on page 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 240, 241
85 KB (2,094 words) - 12:08, 30 July 2020
papillate, or denticulate; staminode included to exserted, if included, length 3/4+ times corolla throat. Seeds angled or rounded, rarely angled-elongate, reniform
12 KB (581 words) - 19:05, 29 July 2020
Involucres obconic to ellipsoid, 1–3 (–5+) mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 7–15+ in 2–3 (–4+) series, (usually green) 2–3-nerved, or not notably nerved, or
17 KB (791 words) - 22:42, 29 July 2020
6 × 0.5–0.7mm; median filaments 1.8–2.4 mm; anthers 0.3–0.5 mm. Fruits divaricate to erect, linear, slightly torulose, 8–16 (–20) × 1–1.3 mm, (abruptly
8 KB (818 words) - 12:28, 30 July 2020
cytogeneticist who worked on subarctic flowering plants Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 348. Mentioned on page 226, 230, 233, 235, 236, 242, 243
73 KB (2,294 words) - 12:15, 30 July 2020
Kobresia; perianth absent or with (1–) 3–6 (–30) bristles and/or scales, usually falling off with fruit; stamens usually (1–) 3, rarely more, usually distinct;
24 KB (775 words) - 01:21, 30 July 2020
stout-based, curved claw. Seeds obliquely ellipsoid; body 6–7mm, dark-brown to near black; wing 15–20mm. 2n =24. Habitat: Dry ridges to coastal, windshorn forests
8 KB (535 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
fringed, apex attenuate. Leaves 3 per fascicle, spreading or ascending, persisting 4–5 years, (8–) 9–15 (–20) cm × (1–) 1.3–1.8mm, straight or slightly curved
8 KB (536 words) - 00:27, 30 July 2020
lengths, puberulent is to about 0.15 mm long, short-villous to about 0.3 mm long, and long-villous from 0.3-0.4+ mm long, but these are only guidelines
87 KB (2,178 words) - 03:17, 30 July 2020
campanulate to cylindric (often spreading upon drying), 3–12 × 1.7–10 mm. Phyllaries 10–35 in 3–5 series, midnerves usually ± swollen and translucent, sometimes
18 KB (1,000 words) - 21:32, 29 July 2020
for keying. Perigynium measurements are best taken from perigynia about 1/3 of the spike length. Perigynia become distinctly marrower near the top of the
57 KB (937 words) - 01:54, 30 July 2020
Involucres cylindric or campanulate to hemispheric, 4–22 mm diam. Phyllaries 20–84 in (3–) 4–6 (–9) series, 1 (–3) -nerved (not keeled), oblong-lanceolate or oblanceolate
62 KB (1,546 words) - 15:28, 15 December 2020
fruit, 3-5 (-6), green or sometimes purple, yellow, or white, plane (base saccate in R. ficaria), oblong to elliptic, ovate, or lanceolate, 1-15 mm; petals
15 KB (560 words) - 08:33, 30 July 2020
0.2–0.7 mm; involucres 0.6–1 × 0.5–1.3 mm; styles 0.3–0.7 mm; capsules 1.1–1.6 × 1.3–2.2 mm; seeds gray to reddish brown, 0.8–1.2 × 0.5–0.8 mm; s Florida
36 KB (819 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
styles 2–3 (–4), distinct or connate (Saxifragopsis); stigmas 2–3 (–4), capitate. Fruits capsular, sometimes folliclelike (Cascadia, Micranthes), 2–3 (–4)
27 KB (1,591 words) - 13:14, 30 July 2020
page 390. Mentioned on page 387. Plants 3–8 mm, yellowbrown to dull green. Leaves erect-flexuose to subsecund, 1–2 mm, narrowly lanceolate, gradually tapered
7 KB (746 words) - 06:56, 30 July 2020
narrowly to broadly elliptic, oblanceolate, obovate, or broadly obovate, 0.7–13.7 times as long as wide, angle of base and of apex less or greater than 90o
52 KB (888 words) - 11:54, 30 July 2020
glumes from shorter than to about equal to the adjacent lemmas, 1 (3) -veined; upper glumes 3 (5) -veined; calluses usually wider than long, usually glabrous
52 KB (3,291 words) - 03:08, 30 July 2020
grooved, not beaked, pericarp thin; hila linear; embryos about 1/3 as long as the caryopses. x = 7. The Triticeae are primarily north-temperate in distribution
19 KB (1,548 words) - 02:55, 30 July 2020
elliptic in outline, 0.5–25 (–30) cm, foliaceous, rarely ± coriaceous; leaflets 3–15 (–41), terminal sometimes confluent with distalmost lateral ones, separate
31 KB (1,939 words) - 13:53, 30 July 2020
exserted, flattened distally, 0.2–0.8 (–1.1) mm diam., tip straight to recurved, distal 5–60 (–90) % hairy, hairs to 3 mm, sometimes glabrous; style glabrous.
36 KB (1,140 words) - 19:13, 29 July 2020
flowers with 3–5-parted calyx, ebracteate; stamens 3–5. Pistillate flowers lacking perianth, pistil naked, or in few species with (1–) 3–5-lobed perianth
45 KB (1,022 words) - 09:34, 30 July 2020
Common names: Pink Family Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 3. Mentioned on page 4, 29, 71, 117, 148. Herbs [small trees, shrubs, or vines]
29 KB (1,113 words) - 10:14, 30 July 2020
calyces; bracteoles absent. Flowers erect, spreading, or nodding; sepals 5 or 3 (in reduced forms), calyx bilaterally or radially symmetric, tubular, sometimes
49 KB (1,607 words) - 18:59, 29 July 2020
1-locular; placentas parietal, 3–14 [–20+]; style 1; nectary usually forming chamber around base of style; stigma lobes 3–14 [–20+], 1 per placenta. Fruits
40 KB (1,967 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
drooping; twigs stout, reddish-brown, usually glabrous. Buds reddish-brown, 5–7mm, apex acute. Leaves 1–2.5cm, 4-angled in cross-section, rigid, light to dark
5 KB (425 words) - 00:24, 30 July 2020
keels scabrous or ciliate, at least in part; anthers 3, 0.7-7 mm. Caryopses with hairy apices, x = 7. Haplomes St, H, Y, P. Idaho, Mont., Nebr., N.C., Conn
45 KB (3,070 words) - 03:00, 30 July 2020
4-angled and 4-winged, wings 0.3–0.7mm wide, 3.5–5 × 2.5–4.5 mm, hard-walled, dehiscent by apical ring, pedicel 0.1–0.5 mm. Seeds light-brown, narrowly oblong
10 KB (885 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
paleas similar to the upper lemmas in texture and size; lodicules 3, cuneate; anthers 3. Caryopses planoconvex; embryos 1/5–1/2 as long as the caryopses;
23 KB (1,318 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
of 3, or those of outer whorl narrower, greener, more sepaloid; tepal nectaries often present; stamens 6, rarely 3 or 4, sometimes 3 fertile and 3 staminodial
29 KB (1,493 words) - 05:37, 30 July 2020
secondary panicles that usually partly included in the sheaths. Cauline leaves 3-14, usually distinctly longer and narrower than the rosette blades; ligules
26 KB (1,343 words) - 04:00, 30 July 2020
indehiscent or partially dehiscent apically. Seeds 1 per mericarp, glabrous. x = 7, 8. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, Asia
13 KB (672 words) - 11:32, 30 July 2020
0.4–0.5cm, slightly resinous. Leaves (3–) 4 (–5) per fascicle, persisting 3–4 years, (2–) 3–6cm × (1–) 1.2–1.7mm, curved, connivent, stiff, green to blue-green
7 KB (490 words) - 00:26, 30 July 2020
beak terminal, straight or curved, 0.5-3 mm. Seeds reddish-brown, ovoid, smooth, rugulose, or minutely pubescent. x = 7. North America, Asia Species 6 (5 in
10 KB (562 words) - 08:35, 30 July 2020
connate proximally, sepaloid, dimorphic, outer 3 remaining small, inner 3 usually enlarging, sometimes 1–3 with central vein transformed into tuberculate
41 KB (1,085 words) - 10:05, 30 July 2020
resinous. Leaves 5 per fascicle, spreading to ascending, persisting 3–4 years, 4–10cm × 0.7–1mm, straight, slightly twisted, pliant, blue-green, abaxial surface
7 KB (506 words) - 00:23, 30 July 2020
calyx radially or bilaterally symmetric; petals 0 (Callitriche, Hippuris) or (3 or) 4 or 5, connate, corolla radially or bilaterally symmetric, ± bilabiate
26 KB (1,000 words) - 19:24, 29 July 2020
longer than achene, seldom smooth; stamens 2–3; styles undivided or shallowly 2-fid, or deeply cleft into 2 (–3) linear stigmatic branches; style base persistent
38 KB (1,253 words) - 01:40, 30 July 2020
second-order heads]. Calyculi 0 or of 1–15+ bractlets in 1–3+ series. Phyllaries usually persistent, usually in 3–5+ series, distinct, and unequal, sometimes in 1–2
30 KB (805 words) - 20:06, 29 July 2020
5 teeth at apex of staminal column; gynoecium syncarpous, ovary superior, 3–40-carpellate; styles 1, branched or unbranched; stigmas truncate, capitate
20 KB (532 words) - 11:23, 30 July 2020
spindle-shaped, often with crest of elongated cells, scaly or minutely tuberculate. = 7. w North America, w South America Species 42 (41 in the flora). Molecular phylogenetic
19 KB (745 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
1-locular or 3–5-locular; styles 3 or 5, occasionally 4 (absent in staminate flowers), filiform, 1.5–20 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 3 or 5, occasionally
36 KB (1,364 words) - 10:24, 30 July 2020
reflexed. Flowers bisexual or unisexual, attenuate at base, stipelike base 0.1–3 mm; perianth various shades of white, cream, yellow, pink, or reddish, glabrous
24 KB (947 words) - 10:41, 30 July 2020
1 (3) -veined, not lobed, apices obtuse to acute, unawned; calluses glabrous or sparsely pubescent; lemmas usually glabrous, obtuse to acute, (1) 3 (5)
33 KB (1,388 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
ovary superior, 3-lobed, sometimes crested with processes, 3-locular, usually 2 ovules per locule (6–8 in A. nigrum), crest processes 3 or 6, smooth except
43 KB (1,553 words) - 05:48, 30 July 2020
bisexual and lateral flowers female), bracteoles absent; perianth segments (3–) 5, usually connate at base, sometimes almost to middle or beyond, not imbricate
19 KB (716 words) - 09:29, 30 July 2020
tips. Rhizomes present or absent, without bulb; tubers rarely present (in 8a3. Eleocharis sect. Parvulae), terminating rhizomes or among culm bases. Culms
37 KB (456 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
Involucres cylindric to obconic or campanulate, 5–12 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, (10–) 14–45 (–60) in 3–7 (–9) series, usually (4–) 5–6 (–16) -striate or
17 KB (617 words) - 22:47, 29 July 2020
flattened distally, 0.2–1.3 mm diam., tip straight to recurved, distal 5–60 (–90) % hairy or papillate, hairs or papillae to 1.5 mm, rarely glabrous; style
29 KB (982 words) - 19:10, 29 July 2020
persistent, rarely deciduous; flowers 8–25(–26) mm diam > 8 3 Leaves and petioles eglandular or sparsely glandular > 4 3 Leaves and petioles gland-dotted or stipitate-glandular
28 KB (995 words) - 14:38, 30 July 2020
hemispheric or turbinate-cylindric, (2.5–) 3–22 (–25) mm diam. Phyllaries persistent or tardily falling, 18–40 in (2–) 3–7 series, not notably nerved, ovate to
24 KB (826 words) - 22:52, 29 July 2020
oblanceolate to cuneate, mostly 5–15 mm, usually lobed or toothed distally, heads disciform, involucres hemispheric or broader (2–3+ mm diam.), phyllaries in 2–4
23 KB (1,089 words) - 20:43, 29 July 2020
Leaves: basal rosette present, not persistent, proximalmost internodes to 10+ mm; blade without broad basal lobes, margins entire, toothed, pinnate, or pinnatisect
20 KB (775 words) - 18:32, 29 July 2020
2-locular proximally (Vaccaria), or 3–5-locular (some Silene); styles 2–3 (–5) (absent in staminate flowers), distinct; stigmas 2–3 (–5) (absent in staminate flowers)
11 KB (721 words) - 10:22, 30 July 2020
campanulate to hemispheric, 2–6+ mm diam.; pistillate turbinate or campanulate to cylindric, 3–7 (–9+) mm diam. Phyllaries in 3–6+ series, usually relatively
38 KB (2,648 words) - 20:30, 29 July 2020
filiform leaves (2–7 cm), notably small heads in corymbiform arrays, ± 13 phyllaries 3–4 mm, and 7–8 ray florets with corolla laminae 2–3 mm. G. L. Nesom (pers
30 KB (1,295 words) - 21:10, 29 July 2020
ovoid, orbiculate, or suborbiculate, 1–3 cm, membranous or leathery, rugose or smooth, dull or lustrous; leaflets (3–) 5–11 (–13), lateral subsessile, terminal
23 KB (1,822 words) - 13:48, 30 July 2020
glumes, occasionally below the pedicels. Spikelets with 1 (2-3) florets. Glumes usually (0) 1 (2-3) -veined, apices entire, erose, or toothed, truncate to acuminate
42 KB (1,621 words) - 04:38, 30 July 2020
floral-tube absent; sepals persistent after anthesis or tardily caducous, (3 or) 4 or 5 (–7), green, sometimes yellow or cream, often becoming flushed with red
30 KB (1,654 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
falling, of 2 (–3) usually lanceolate, aristate, or erose scales (at the 2 principal angles, 1–5 mm) plus 0–8 usually shorter scales (0.2–2 mm). x = 17. North
32 KB (1,118 words) - 23:14, 29 July 2020
acuminate; upper glumes slightly shorter to much longer than the spikelets, 3-13 (15) -veined, bases rarely slightly sulcate, apices rounded to attenuate;
26 KB (1,480 words) - 04:05, 30 July 2020
with basal scale (sect. Gaura), 0.3–0.5 mm, scales nearly closing mouth of floral-tube, pollen shed singly; ovary (3 or) 4-locular or septa incomplete
26 KB (2,106 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
sometimes with 3 distinct awns or unawned; paleas usually shorter than the lemmas, ciliate on the keels, adnate to the caryopses; anthers (2) 3. x = 7. Conn.,
16 KB (1,697 words) - 02:52, 30 July 2020
campanulate, salverform, or funnelform; stamens (2–) 3–5, with 4 mostly connate in pairs, appearing as only (1–) 3 stamens; anthers connate or distinct, pepos,
19 KB (877 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
ribosomal 3' ETS and ITS sequence data. Syst. Bot. 29: 199–215. Urbatsch, L. E. 1978. The Chihuahuan Desert species of Ericameria (Asteraceae). Sida 7: 298–303
23 KB (1,156 words) - 22:11, 29 July 2020
lodicules 2 or 3; anthers 1 or 3, sometimes differing in length within a floret; ovaries glabrous throughout or pubescent distally; styles 2 (3-4) -branched
18 KB (1,356 words) - 02:45, 30 July 2020
Leaves basal and cauline; finely bristly-dentate to coarsely dentate or 1–3 times pinnately lobed, teeth and lobes bristly-tipped, faces green and glabrous
60 KB (2,205 words) - 13:43, 10 February 2021
(1–) 2 (–3) per fascicle, upcurved, persisting 4–6 years, 2–4cm × (0.9–) 1–1.5mm, connivent, 2-sided (1-leaved fascicles with leaves 2-grooved, 3-leaved
8 KB (550 words) - 00:27, 30 July 2020
yellowish), 1.2–1.7mm; anthers ovate, 0.3–0.5 mm. Fruits (erect to ascending), subulate-linear, recurved, straight, slightly torulose, stout (widest at base)
7 KB (705 words) - 11:58, 30 July 2020
exostome (except in Homalotheciella), basal membrane 1/2–1/3 endostome length, segments broad, cilia 2 or 3), sometimes modified (for example, exostome teeth papillose
28 KB (900 words) - 07:47, 30 July 2020
absent. Staminate flowers: sepals (3–) 5 (–6), valvate or slightly imbricate, distinct or connate basally; petals (3–) 5 (–6) or 0, distinct, white; nectary
24 KB (874 words) - 18:18, 29 July 2020
ovary inferior, greenish at anthesis, 3-locular, succulent, thickwalled, ovules numerous; style subulate; stigma 3-lobed, glandular, capitate, papillate
24 KB (1,110 words) - 06:12, 30 July 2020
Kiger Common names: Willow Family Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 3. Mentioned on page 4, 8, 9, 23, 29, 51. Shrubs or trees, heterophyllous
14 KB (933 words) - 11:54, 30 July 2020
splitting to base with intact central column, rarely splitting only on distal 1/3 with central column disintegrating; pedicellate or sessile. Seeds usually numerous
32 KB (1,609 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
alternate) or mostly alternate, rarely whorled; petiolate or sessile; blades (often 3-nerved or 5-nerved) orbiculate or deltate to lanceolate or linear (and intermediate
10 KB (633 words) - 23:14, 29 July 2020
differentiated from blade or distinct, (apex rounded); stamens usually in 3 unequal pairs, rarely tetradynamous; filaments not dilated basally, (adaxial
23 KB (1,011 words) - 12:00, 30 July 2020
and basal rosulate or not, petiolate, blade margins entire, toothed, or 1–3-pinnatisect, or palmately lobed, sometimes trifoliolate, pinnately, palmately
23 KB (1,239 words) - 12:23, 30 July 2020
Seeds compressed-obovoid, oblique apically; body 4–7mm, pale-brown, mottled darker; wing narrow, to 20mm. 2n =24. Habitat: Dry uplands, sterile sandy or shaly
7 KB (524 words) - 00:35, 30 July 2020
membranous to papery. Spikelets to 40 × 7 mm; floral scales 5–500+ per spikelet. Flowers: anthers 0.2–2.5 mm; styles 2-fid or 3-fid. Achenes variously colored,
4 KB (429 words) - 02:16, 30 July 2020
times petals > 38 38 Styles 3-7 mm; sepals 2.5-5 mm; filaments 1.8-5 mm > 39 38 Styles 6-14 mm; sepals 3.4-8 mm; filaments 6-10 mm > 41 39 Leaf blades: base
23 KB (1,464 words) - 13:16, 30 July 2020
caulescent species or scapose from rhizomes or stolons in acaulescent species, 1 (–3) [–5] -flowered; peduncles not jointed; bracteoles present. Flowers: sepals
39 KB (2,374 words) - 11:16, 30 July 2020
yellow, or white, strongly bilabiate, cylindric to funnelform, abaxial lobes 3, adaxial 2, adaxial lip galeate, enclosing anthers and style, beaked or beakless
19 KB (1,040 words) - 19:27, 29 July 2020
andropolygamous), blooming before or at leaf emergence, 4–40 mm diam.; hypanthium 1.5–8 mm, exterior glabrous or hairy; sepals 5, erect to reflexed, usually
43 KB (1,828 words) - 14:17, 30 July 2020
hypanthium; filaments distinct; staminodes absent; styles 3, filiform, 2.5–3 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 3, subcapitate, smooth to papillate (50×). Capsules
19 KB (1,194 words) - 10:09, 30 July 2020
warped, 2–7 × 2–7 mm, glabrous, commonly bearing 1–4 large, shallow depressions due to pressures from adjacent developing seeds; girdle protruding 0.3–3.5 mm
34 KB (1,067 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
Plants annual or perennial; cespitose, rhizomatous, or stoloniferous. Culms 3-400 cm, erect, spreading or prostrate, sometimes trailing for 200+ cm. Sheaths
22 KB (1,167 words) - 04:18, 30 July 2020
Brouillet, John L. Strother Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 3. Mentioned on page 4, 32, 33, 38, 40, 41, 42, 63, 64, 135. Annuals, biennials
30 KB (1,803 words) - 22:30, 29 July 2020
scabrous, infrequently smooth, glabrous or with hairs; anthers (1-2) 3, 0.1-4.5 (5) mm. Poa subg. Poa is the largest subgenus of Poa. Its distribution is
9 KB (1,015 words) - 03:17, 30 July 2020
Claytonia L. and allied genera III. Pollen morphology. Grana Palynol., n. s. 7: 279–353. Nyananyo, B. L. 1986. Taxonomic significance of the stomatal complex
13 KB (722 words) - 09:43, 30 July 2020
917–929. Hitchcock, C. L. 1936. The genus Lepidium in the United States. Madroño 3: 265–300. Mulligan, G. A. 1961. The genus Lepidium in Canada. Madroño 16: 77–89
29 KB (1,412 words) - 12:33, 30 July 2020
absent or present, sometimes petaloid and petals appearing to 6+; pistil 1, 3–7-carpellate, ovary inferior, 1-locular, placentation parietal, subapical, or
12 KB (698 words) - 18:33, 29 July 2020
divided leaf blades mostly 3–8+ cm and radiate heads with yellow corollas (laminae mostly 15–25+ mm) borne on peduncles mostly 3–15+ cm are cultivated in
23 KB (1,021 words) - 21:10, 29 July 2020
persistent (base not articulated). Flowers 7–45 mm diam.; sepals deciduous or persistent, (2–) 4–5; petals deciduous, (3–) 4–5; stamens usually persistent, sometimes
13 KB (445 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
Thaliktron, an ancient name used by Dioscorides Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Mentioned on page 258. Herbs, perennial, from woody rhizomes, caudices, or
17 KB (836 words) - 08:34, 30 July 2020
membranous or chartaceous, 1 (3) -veined, unawned; paleas glabrous, 2-veined, often splitting between the veins at maturity; anthers (2) 3. Fruits utricles or achenes
22 KB (1,094 words) - 04:32, 30 July 2020
Synonyms: Coulterina Kuntze Lesquerella S. Watson Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 616. Mentioned on page 226, 227, 237, 240, 241, 612, 617
40 KB (1,647 words) - 11:54, 30 July 2020
black (never white) rhizomes with a 3-5 mm diameter in contrast to the 5 sepals and white or black rhizomes with 1-3 mmdiameter of A. quinquefolia. Protoanemonin
19 KB (1,214 words) - 15:30, 15 December 2020
at anthesis, usually distinct or slightly connate basally, [connate for 1/3–2/3 their lengths], yellow, white, pink, purple, or reddish, sometimes red-lineolate
21 KB (778 words) - 13:02, 30 July 2020
staminodes absent; styles 3 (to 4 in M. cumberlandensis, M. godfreyi), filiform, 0.6–2.5 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 3 (to 4 in M. cumberlandensis
25 KB (1,236 words) - 10:19, 30 July 2020
H. americana, H. bracteata, H. caroliniana, H. longiflora, H. pubescens), 3–145 cm, glabrous or stipitate-glandular, rarely viscid (H. maxima, H. micrantha
26 KB (1,593 words) - 12:56, 30 July 2020
sometimes with an awn that exceeds the glumes; lodicules cuneate; anthers usually 3. Pedicels free or fused to the rachis internodes. Pedicellate spikelets variable
31 KB (2,561 words) - 04:21, 30 July 2020
with phyllaries). Involucres hemispheric or campanulate to cylindric, 3–9 [–12+] mm diam. Phyllaries 5–21 (–40+) in 2+ series, lanceolate to linear, subequal
26 KB (1,108 words) - 20:14, 29 July 2020
anthers dehiscing by longitudinal slits; pistil 1, (1–) 3–5 (–20) -carpellate, ovary superior, (1–) 3–5 (–20) -locular, placentation axile; ovules 1 per locule
24 KB (1,347 words) - 18:25, 29 July 2020
sepals (3–) 4–5 [–7], distinct or connate proximally; petals 0 or (3–) 4–5 [–7], distinct; nectary present, rudimentary, or absent; stamens 3–5 [–10],
13 KB (513 words) - 18:16, 29 July 2020
absent. Flowers in multiflowered heads (rarely only 2– or 3 flowers per head). Capsules 1-locular or 3-locular, beaked. Seeds tailed or not tailed. x = 20.
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alternate; petiole absent; blade not fleshy, not leathery, margins entire or 3–7-lobed. Inflorescences terminal, spikes or flowers solitary, often capitate;
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than 10 mm, base tapering or rounded, often spongy, apex usually abruptly beaked, pubescent, rarely glabrous; beak straight or bent, 0.5–2.3 mm, bidentate
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spikelets, 1-7-veined; upper glumes membranous to herbaceous at maturity, 1/2 as long as to nearly equaling the upper lemmas in length, 3-9-veined; lower
17 KB (1,129 words) - 04:14, 30 July 2020
portion 3-locular, 3-lobed or 6-lobed, some axile, some parietal or a combination of both, distal portion forming stigmas; stigmas often persistent, 3, spreading
30 KB (822 words) - 06:13, 30 July 2020
virginianum, Linum westii (Reichenbach) Engelmann Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5): 25. 1852. Nancy R. Morin Basionym: Linopsis Reichenbach Handb. Nat. Pfl
12 KB (469 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
to campanulate, abaxial throat gibbous, rounded, or straight, abaxial lobes 3, adaxial 2; stamens 4, didynamous; filaments glabrate to lanate; staminode
23 KB (952 words) - 19:30, 29 July 2020
attenuate; lower glumes 1 (3) -veined; upper glumes 3-veined; calluses hairy, hairs 0.2-6.5 mm, sparse to abundant; lemmas 3 (5) -veined, smooth or scabrous
24 KB (1,813 words) - 02:43, 30 July 2020
Whittemore Synonyms: Ranunculus sect. Chrysanthe Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Plants usually ± hispid, sometimes glabrous. Stems erect to decumbent, sometimes
12 KB (516 words) - 08:37, 30 July 2020
into at least blade and stipule. The stipule may be adnate to the blade for 1/3 or less the length of the stipule. Venation in the stipule is parallel, and
23 KB (1,207 words) - 00:56, 30 July 2020
apices, sometimes prolonged 1-3 mm, apices usually rounded; lodicules 2 or 3, membranous, not lobed; anthers 3, 1.5-6 mm, sometimes penicillate; ovaries
28 KB (2,014 words) - 02:45, 30 July 2020
cm), medium (1–3 cm), long (more than 3 cm); leaves: small (less than 1.5 mm), medium (1.5–3 mm), large (3–4 mm), robust (more than 4 mm). None. Anomobryum
20 KB (757 words) - 07:35, 30 July 2020
21. Treatment on page 64. Mentioned on page 6, 7, 8, 43, 135. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, (3–) 10–200 (–400+) [2500+] cm. Leaves usually cauline
21 KB (800 words) - 22:59, 29 July 2020
flattened distally, (0.2–) 0.4–3 mm diam., tip recurved, rarely coiled or straight, distal 10–50 (–70) % hairy, hairs to 2.5 mm, rarely glabrous; style glabrous
17 KB (733 words) - 19:07, 29 July 2020
leathery (except V. fruticans), margins entire, dentate, serrate, 3–5-pinnately lobed, 3–7 pinnatifid, or ± palmatifid. Inflorescences terminal and/or axillary
20 KB (967 words) - 19:23, 29 July 2020
present or absent; pistil 3-carpellate (5–7-carpellate in M. decapetala), placentae parietal; stigma lingulate, 3-lobed (5–7-lobed in M. decapetala), papillate
16 KB (1,025 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
usually 1-3-veined, acute to acuminate; florets terete or weakly laterally compressed; calluses well-developed, hirsute; lemmas fusiform, 3-veined, convolute
23 KB (1,150 words) - 04:51, 30 July 2020
541, 542, 543, 545, 548, 580, 582, 584. Annuals, biennials, or perennials, 3–100+ cm (rhizomatous or taprooted, often with relatively thin, branched fibrous-roots)
40 KB (1,171 words) - 21:16, 29 July 2020
foliaceous. Ray (or pistillate) florets usually (6–) 7–50 (–60) in 1 series and laminae (3–) 5–18 (–21) × 0.8–2.8 mm, sometimes 14–110+ in 2–5+ series (sect. Conyzopsis)
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usually 2, sometimes absent, cuneate, free, fleshy, usually glabrous; anthers 1-3; ovaries usually glabrous; haustorial synergids absent; style-branches 2, free
17 KB (1,292 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
Quercus virginiana Linneaus Kevin C. Nixon Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Trees or shrubs, evergreen or deciduous. Bark nearly white, gray, brown, or
27 KB (606 words) - 08:45, 30 July 2020
ellipsoid, ovoid or spheroidal, or fusiform to flattened, or oblong (sometimes 3-sided); testa thin (bony in subfam. Arbutoideae and subfam. Vaccinioideae);
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margins acutely angled, apex tapering, often abruptly beaked, glabrous; beak 0.3–3 mm, with abaxial suture, bidentate. Stigmas 2. Achenes biconvex, smaller than
15 KB (529 words) - 01:49, 30 July 2020
sometimes initially at the panicle base. Glumes (1) 1.3-2 (4) times longer than the lemmas, 1 (3) -veined, glabrous, usually mostly smooth, vein (s) often
31 KB (1,893 words) - 03:29, 30 July 2020
becoming laterally compressed at anthesis, with (3) 4-14 (16) florets. Lower glumes 1-3-veined; upper glumes 3-5-veined; lemmas elliptic to lanceolate, rounded
11 KB (779 words) - 02:52, 30 July 2020
crimson; carpels (3–) 20–40 (–65), styles free exsert (0.5–) 1–2.5 (–4) mm, pilose, stylar orifice 1–3 mm diam., hypanthial disc flat, 2–5 (–10) mm diam. Hips
24 KB (1,103 words) - 13:51, 30 July 2020
pinnate; stipules usually present (usually caducous, sometimes deciduous, 3–8-palmatifid, linear, threadlike, minute, scalelike, or absent, nodal (stipular)
16 KB (756 words) - 12:06, 30 July 2020
node, 0.3–2.5 × 0.2–1.8 cm, usually scalelike distally, 1–5 × 0.5–3 mm. Involucres 1 per node, turbinate to campanulate, 1–6 × (1–) 1.5–10 mm, tomentose
27 KB (1,609 words) - 10:41, 30 July 2020
bilabiate or not, rarely ± rotate, funnelform, or salverform, abaxial lobes 3, adaxial 2; stamens 4, didynamous, filaments glabrous or hairy; staminode 0;
28 KB (1,133 words) - 19:01, 29 July 2020
or more; pistil 3-5 (-7) -carpellate; ovary 1-locular; style short, to 3 mm in fruit; stigma 3-5 (-7) -lobed. Capsules erect, 3-5 (-7) -valved, grooved over
14 KB (554 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
proximal 1–2 (–3) empty, stramineous (straw-brown) to medium brown or red brown or blackish brown. Flowers bisexual; perianth of (0–)3–6(–10) bristles
13 KB (1,127 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
peduncle bracts). Phyllaries usually persistent [readily falling], in (1–) 3–5+ series, usually distinct, usually unequal, usually herbaceous (sometimes
15 KB (836 words) - 20:05, 29 July 2020
oblanceolate to narrowly obovate, 3–7 × 1–3 mm; capsules 3–4 mm wide, horns minute or absent. Ceanothus ophiochilus 22 Leaves not fascicled. > 24 24 Branchlets
14 KB (504 words) - 18:27, 29 July 2020
hairs, shorter than to somewhat exceeding achene; stamens 3; anthers 3 mm; styles linear, 2–3-fid, base not or scarcely enlarged, deciduous in fruit. Achenes
18 KB (736 words) - 01:57, 30 July 2020
superior, usually green, 3-locular or 6-locular with false septa, 6-lobed; style white to dark green, often thick; stigmas usually 3, sometimes 1 and subcapitate
17 KB (687 words) - 06:11, 30 July 2020
Chamaetia Dumortier Bijdr. Natuurk. Wetensch. 1: 56. 1826 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 60. Mentioned on page 23, 24, 29, 49, 51, 61, 64, 66, 67
22 KB (876 words) - 12:17, 30 July 2020
or lingulate, often channeled or keeled, rarely concave, mostly ca. 1.5–3.5 mm; base usually ovate to oblong, occasionally sheathing the stem; margins
28 KB (882 words) - 07:00, 30 July 2020
588, 591, 594, 611, 618, 644. Shrubs or trees, usually main trunk dominant, 3–120 dm. Stems usually 1 in larger plants, more in smaller plants, outer spreading;
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usually present. Flowers usually bisexual, rarely unisexual, (0–) 4 or 5 (–7) -merous, actinomorphic; usually epigynous, rarely semiepigynous; hypanthium
15 KB (668 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
hispidulous. Spikelets 3-17 mm, lengths 3.5 times widths, laterally compressed, not sexually dimorphic, not bulbiferous; florets 2-10 (13) mm, normal; rachilla
10 KB (1,045 words) - 03:20, 30 July 2020
anthers parallel, surrounding but not appressed to style-branches; styles 3, erect, connate at least basally, filiform, not broad and petaloid, long, extending
23 KB (1,162 words) - 06:04, 30 July 2020
distinct; staminodes absent; styles [2–] 3 (–5), capitate to clavate, 0.2–7 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas [2–] 3 (–5), terminal or subterminal, papillate
21 KB (985 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
ca. 3 mm (borne in glomerules), phyllaries ovate to lanceolate, inner uncinate, florets 5 (outer 4 pistillate, inner bisexual), cypselae 0.8–1 mm, epappose
25 KB (1,822 words) - 20:30, 29 July 2020
Epirotes Prantl Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 9: 266. 1888 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Plants glabrous or sometimes pilose or pubescent. Stems erect, not bulbous-based
12 KB (526 words) - 08:22, 30 July 2020
disciform, usually in corymbiform arrays, sometimes in 2s or 3s or borne singly. Calyculi of (3–) 5–13 (–21+) erect to spreading or reflexed, ± herbaceous
22 KB (1,036 words) - 23:27, 29 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 335. Mentioned on page 3, 5, 255, 336, 364. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, 1–200 cm. Leaves
11 KB (627 words) - 23:52, 29 July 2020
rarely cymose-paniculate, paniculate or racemose, open or diffuse; bracts 3 (–8), semileaflike or more often scalelike. Peduncles absent or erect, ascending
30 KB (1,075 words) - 10:46, 30 July 2020
beak or beakless, glabrous; beak straight or excurved, 0–1.3 mm, orifice entire. Stigmas 3. Achenes trigonous, smaller than bodies of perigynia; style
16 KB (695 words) - 02:09, 30 July 2020
narrowly ellipsoid to lanceoloid, 2.8–3.7 7 (–4.2) mm, apex acute, valves separating at dehiscence. Seeds ellipsoid, 0.3–0.4 mm, not tailed; body clear yellowbrown
6 KB (444 words) - 00:52, 30 July 2020
short-sheathing; lateral spikes pistillate, occasionally androgynous, or the distal 1–3 staminate, pedunculate or subsessile, prophyllate, at least 2 times as long
16 KB (761 words) - 02:00, 30 July 2020
cupular, entire or lobed, or distinct glands [absent]; pistil 3 (–4) -carpellate; styles 3 (–4), distinct or connate to 1/2 length, 2-fid [rarely unbranched]
16 KB (864 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
sepals [3–] 4–5 (–8), distinct, valvate; petals 0 or [3–] 4–5 (–8), distinct; nectary present, intrastaminal, sometimes lining hypanthium; stamens [3–] 4–5
16 KB (532 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
superior in fruit, 2 (–3) -locular; placentation axile (when connate); styles 2 (–3); stigmas 2–3. Capsules folliclelike or 2 (–3) -beaked. Seeds brown
27 KB (988 words) - 13:15, 30 July 2020
panicles with (2) 3-35 spikelets associated with each rachis node; rachises with scabrous or ciliate edges; internodes 3.5-12 (15) mm. Spikelets 1/2 - 33/4
20 KB (1,611 words) - 03:05, 30 July 2020
versatile, dehiscence longitudinal; ovary superior or inferior, 3-locular or occasionally 1-locular, 3-angled, ovoid, or cylindrical, with axillary or rarely parietal
13 KB (701 words) - 06:10, 30 July 2020
without whorled bracts. Involucre ± actinomorphic, not spurred; glands 4–5 (2–3 in E. oblongata), flat or slightly convex; appendages absent or hornlike, 2
19 KB (827 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
Corollas: staminate 3–4.5 mm; pistillate 5–6 mm. Cypselae 2–2.5 mm, pubescent and papillate; pappi: staminate 6–7 mm (capillary); pistillate 6–7 mm. 2n = 28. North
12 KB (714 words) - 20:21, 29 July 2020
cylindric, sides prominently veined; beak terminal, straight, 3-26 mm. Seeds black, obovoid, smooth. x = 7. Circumboreal Species ca. 70 (21 in the flora). Species
12 KB (514 words) - 08:29, 30 July 2020
25. Treatment on page 353. Plants annual or perennial; habit various. Culms 3-800 cm, annual, usually not woody. Leaves basal and/or cauline; sheaths usually
21 KB (1,188 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
indurate in fruit; petals 3, maroon or green, usually shorter than sepals; stamens (3–) 5–15 (–25); carpels 3; style 0–0.5 mm; stigmas 3, dark red, fimbriate-plumose
11 KB (511 words) - 11:39, 30 July 2020
caulescent Oxalis (Oxalidaceae) in eastern North America. J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 3: 727–738. Nesom, G. L. 2009c. Notes on Oxalis sect. Corniculatae (Oxalidaceae)
23 KB (1,013 words) - 18:29, 29 July 2020
lemmas, 1-veined, obtuse or acute, often erose; lower glumes 0.3-4.5 mm; upper glumes 0.6-7 mm; calluses glabrous; lemmas membranous to thinly coriaceous,
20 KB (1,626 words) - 03:20, 30 July 2020
present. Pedicels absent or present; bracteoles absent. Flowers bisexual; sepals 3 or 4, nearly distinct (abaxials connate in P. lanceolata), oblong, calyx radially
17 KB (732 words) - 19:20, 29 July 2020
(via anther abortion), linear; styles (3–) 5 (–6), clavate to filiform, 0.5–2 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas (3–) 5 (–6), subterminal to linear along
21 KB (1,044 words) - 10:15, 30 July 2020
veined between the keels, sometimes 2-9-veined; anthers 1, 3 (2). Pedicels usually longer than 3 mm, similar to the rame internodes in shape, length, and pubescence
14 KB (1,071 words) - 04:25, 30 July 2020
campanulate to hemispheric or broader, 4–25 (–35+) mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, (16–) 20–60 (–80+) in [2–] 3–7+ series, 1-nerved (± flat, not notably keeled)
18 KB (845 words) - 15:31, 15 December 2020
Sidalcea oregana 16 Calyces 5–9 mm, to 10 mm in fruit, stellate-hairy and bristly; inflorescences subcapitate or spicate, 3–7(–10) cm. Sidalcea setosa 17 Inflorescences
21 KB (668 words) - 11:33, 30 July 2020
axis after maturity by threadlike extension of dorsal vein. Seeds 1 or 2 (or 3) per mericarp, glabrous or slightly pubescent. x = 5. w, c North America, Mexico
14 KB (589 words) - 11:36, 30 July 2020
leaves usually unlobed or shallowly lobed, spines usually less than 2–7 mm. Heads mostly 2–3 cm. 2n = 30. Phenology: Flowering summer (Jun–Aug). Habitat: Wet
3 KB (735 words) - 19:56, 29 July 2020
petiolate, blade margins entire, dentate, sinuate, lyrate, pectinate, or 1–3-pinnatisect; cauline petiolate or sessile, blade (base cuneate, attenuate,
22 KB (1,325 words) - 12:26, 30 July 2020
pubescent, trichomes sessile, medifixed, appressed, 2-rayed (malpighiaceous) or 3–5 (–8) -rayed (stellate), rays (when 2) parallel to long axis of stems, leaves
17 KB (1,002 words) - 12:29, 30 July 2020
1; ovule 1; style 0.1–1 mm, or absent; stigmas 2–3 (–5), slender. Staminate flowers: tepals 3–5, equal or subequal; stamens 3–5, filaments distinct, anthers
32 KB (1,366 words) - 09:41, 30 July 2020
to turbinate or broadly campanulate, 1–12+ mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 3–21+ in 1–2 series (connate to 7/8+ their lengths, usually streaked and/or dotted
11 KB (696 words) - 15:28, 15 December 2020
or compound-corymbiform arrays. Involucres campanulate to hemispheric, 3–12+ mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 4–13 (–15) in 1+ series (± erect in fruit
13 KB (1,037 words) - 23:55, 29 July 2020
throughout. Cymes: branches 2-3 (-6), simple or bifurcate; cincinni circinate or not. Pedicels erect to pendent, 1-35 mm. Flowers: petals erect to, rarely
10 KB (581 words) - 12:54, 30 July 2020
styles 1–2 (–3), distinct or often connate proximally 1/10–9/10 of length, subcapitate to filiform, 0.07–3.2 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 2 (–3), subterminal
21 KB (1,113 words) - 10:32, 30 July 2020
exserted, flattened distally, 0.2–1.1 mm diam., tip straight to recurved or coiled, distal (40–) 50–100% hairy, hairs to 4 mm; style glabrous, sometimes proximally
21 KB (880 words) - 19:09, 29 July 2020
sometimes nearly entire except for 3-toothed apex, rarely completely entire, venation palmate to pinnate. Inflorescences terminal, 3–200-flowered, open to congested
16 KB (987 words) - 14:06, 30 July 2020
constricted beyond ovary, tube gradually to abruptly expanded, limb 5-lobed; stamens 3–6, exserted; styles exserted beyond stamens; stigmas capitate. Fruits radially
15 KB (526 words) - 09:38, 30 July 2020
terminal clusters. Involucres mostly campanulate to cylindric, (3–) 4–7 mm. Phyllaries in (2–) 3–7 (–10) series, whitish, rosy, tawny, or brownish (opaque or
17 KB (673 words) - 20:34, 29 July 2020
free-central, axile]; styles elongate, tubular, 3-branched; stigmas 3, U-shaped or funnelform. Capsules 3-valved, usually thin, loculicidal. Seeds [1–] 15–90
16 KB (658 words) - 00:56, 30 July 2020
incompletely, distal 1/5–2/3 indehiscent, connective splitting, sides glabrous or hairy, sutures denticulate, teeth to 0.3 mm; staminode included to exserted
19 KB (771 words) - 19:16, 29 July 2020
(–10) mm; sepals persistent, glabrous (pubescent in P. alba and P. vulgaris), margins entire, sometimes ciliate or ciliolate; wings persistent, 1–9 mm, glabrous
19 KB (903 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
campanulate to turbinate (campanulo-hemispheric upon drying), (3–14 ×) 3.8–23 mm. Phyllaries 26–80 in 3–5 series, 1-nerved (usually raised; keeled proximally)
25 KB (1,511 words) - 21:54, 29 July 2020
straight. Flowers 3–25 mm diam. (smallest ones with erect petals); epicalyx bractlets 5; hypanthium shallowly cupulate, 0.5–3 × 2.5–7 mm; sepals 5, spreading
22 KB (1,357 words) - 14:09, 30 July 2020
eschscholtzii); hypanthium free from or 1/4–3/4 adnate to ovary, free from ovary to 0.5 mm, green or pink to purple, (0.1–4 mm); sepals 5, green, sometimes reddish
21 KB (1,151 words) - 12:59, 30 July 2020
yellow, contrasting with rest of corolla, bilabiate, funnelform, abaxial lobes 3, emarginate, adaxial 2, adaxial lip cucullate; stamens 4, didynamous, filaments
17 KB (854 words) - 19:26, 29 July 2020
Pedicels present, proximal 1–3 subtended by leaves. Flowers opening during leaf expansion, perianth and androecium epigynous, 10–55 mm diam.; hypanthium campanulate
22 KB (1,558 words) - 13:48, 30 July 2020
sigmoid. Flowers 4–15 mm diam.; epicalyx bractlets (0–) 5; hypanthium patelliform to campanulate or cupulate to turbinate, 0.5–3 (–4) mm; sepals 5 (usually
19 KB (1,253 words) - 14:03, 30 July 2020
with 3–7 pairs or trios of sporophylls, each sporophyll with 2–8 pollen-sacs. Seed-cones maturing in 1 or 2 years, globose to ovoid and berrylike, 3–20 mm
12 KB (667 words) - 00:26, 30 July 2020
connate 2/3 their length, monomorphic or dimorphic, entire, emarginate, or lobed to laciniate apically; stamens 3, 6, or 9, or variously 3–9; filaments
23 KB (1,142 words) - 10:54, 30 July 2020
cm, herbaceous to ± coriaceous, leaflets 0 or 3, 5, 7, or 9, terminal ovate to elliptic to obovate, 1.7–15 cm, base cuneate to rounded or cordate, sometimes
35 KB (2,155 words) - 15:31, 15 December 2020
subspp.), C. scapoidea (4 subspp.), C. walkeri (2 subspp.), and C. brevipes (3 subspp.). Chylismia scapoidea is the only species in the genus to occur east
11 KB (951 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
5-toothed; petals (3–) 5 (–9), connate distally, forming calyptra; nectary free, (3–) 5 (–9) glands alternating with stamens; stamens usually (3–) 5 (–9), sometimes
14 KB (773 words) - 18:13, 29 July 2020
when young, stomata on abaxial surface not in crypts; pinnately veined or 3-veined from base. Inflorescences usually racemelike or paniclelike, sometimes
15 KB (437 words) - 18:13, 29 July 2020
or (with calyculi) 12–25+ in 2–3 series and oblong or lanceolate to linear, subequal; margins ± hyaline, 0.05–2.5 mm, apices obtuse to acute or acuminate
16 KB (748 words) - 20:19, 29 July 2020
1–10, distinct or connate along radial faces of stony endocarp into 2s or 3s, sometimes connate into single sphere, (triangular-ovoid). x = 13. North America
41 KB (2,034 words) - 13:11, 30 July 2020
Leaves: basal rosette present, persistent or not, proximalmost internodes to 5 mm; blade without broad basal lobes, margins entire, toothed, pinnate, or pinnatisect
16 KB (899 words) - 18:19, 29 July 2020
spines. Leaves alternate, opposite, or fascicled, simple, 2-3-foliolate, or 1-3-pinnately or 2-3 (-4) -ternately compound; stipules present or absent; venation
10 KB (398 words) - 08:43, 30 July 2020
emarginate to bidentate, teeth rarely reflexed, 0.1–2.1 mm. Stigmas (2–) 3. Achenes trigonous or, rarely, biconvex, almost as large as bodies of perigynia; style
14 KB (621 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
mostly diploid (n = 3, 4, 5, or 6). Babcock concluded that there was a progressive decrease in the chromosome numbers, from n = 6 to n = 3. Along with the
18 KB (964 words) - 20:06, 29 July 2020
collarlike structure extending 1/2 - 2/3 around the base of the ovaries; anthers (2) 3. Caryopses usually 2-3 mm, smooth, glabrous, longitudinally furrowed
16 KB (1,258 words) - 02:39, 30 July 2020
short-pilose, not glandular. Inflorescences cymose, open or diffuse; bracts 3, connate basally, scalelike. Peduncles usually absent, when present restricted
19 KB (884 words) - 10:50, 30 July 2020
pinnate or leaflets 3-6-veined from base. Inflorescences terminal, usually racemes, rarely umbels or flowers solitary. Flowers 3-merous, 3-8 mm; bracteoles caducous
16 KB (698 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
bifid, or toothed, teeth shorter than 1 mm, apices sometimes split and the teeth appearing longer; awns (0) 1 (3), straight or flexuous, recurved or divaricate
9 KB (742 words) - 02:55, 30 July 2020
supramedial; indusia round-reniform, large (ca. 1 mm diam.) and persistent or sometimes small (less than 0.3 mm diam.), occasionally ephemeral, sometimes absent;
14 KB (584 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
equal; filaments bearded or glabrous; ovary 3-locular, ovules (1–) 2 per locule, 1-seriate. Capsules 3-valved, 3-locular. Seeds 2 per locule (1 in T. spathacea);
17 KB (671 words) - 00:52, 30 July 2020
scabrous; lower glumes 3-veined; calluses terete or slightly dorsally compressed, glabrous or with a crown of hairs, hairs to 2 mm; lemmas 3-7 mm, narrowly lanceolate
9 KB (1,082 words) - 03:24, 30 July 2020
orange to red or purple to black, globose to obovoid or oblong, [3–] 4–14 [–15] mm, often hairy distally; fleshy, flesh usually yellow, sclereids absent;
31 KB (1,652 words) - 14:31, 30 July 2020
Receptacles glabrous (paleate in A. palmeri). Florets: usually peripheral 3–20 pistillate and fertile (0 pistillate in A. nesiotica, A. palmeri); central
11 KB (598 words) - 20:49, 29 July 2020
smooth or papillose, glabrous; beak entire or shortly bidentate. Stigmas 2–3. Achenes trigonous, smaller than to almost filling bodies of perigynia; style
15 KB (557 words) - 02:02, 30 July 2020
sophioides, Descurainia torulosa Webb & Berthelot Hist. Nat. Îsles Canaries 3(2,3): 72. 1836. Barbara E. Goodson, Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz Common names: Tansy mustard
18 KB (1,258 words) - 12:28, 30 July 2020
(needles) (1–) 2–5 (–6) per fascicle, persisting 2–12 or more years, terete or ± 2–3-angled and rounded on abaxial surface, sessile, sheathed at base by 12–15 overlapping
29 KB (1,428 words) - 00:26, 30 July 2020
stamens 5, adnate to petal bases; ovary globose, ovules 3 or 6; style 1; stigmas 3. Capsules 3-valved, longitudinally dehiscent from apex, valves not deciduous
16 KB (646 words) - 09:44, 30 July 2020
(2.5–) 6–32 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent (or inner falling), usually (6–) 16–30 (–40) in 2 series and unequal, sometimes 28–50 in 2–3 series and subequal
15 KB (1,046 words) - 22:37, 29 July 2020
nonarticulate, as in Loxogramme], lacking scales or sometimes scaly, with usually 3 vascular-bundles. Blade simple to often pinnatifid, pinnatisect, or pinnate
9 KB (348 words) - 00:33, 30 July 2020
glumes and beneath each floret. Spikelets 5-80 mm, not viviparous, terete to laterally compressed, with 3-30 bisexual florets, distal florets sometimes
9 KB (822 words) - 02:52, 30 July 2020
customarily called spikes, with 3 spikelets at each node, central spikelets usually sessile, sometimes pedicellate, pedicels to 2 mm, lateral spikelets usually
14 KB (1,269 words) - 02:55, 30 July 2020
reddish, brown, or black, subulate or acicular to bristlelike, (0–) 3–150 × 0.1–2.5 mm, hard, smooth or microscopically roughened (especially in E. triglochidiatus);
24 KB (1,147 words) - 09:19, 30 July 2020
in 1–3 distal leaves, subumbellate or corymbose-paniculate; spikelets 50–500; involucral-bracts usually 3, leaflike. Spikelets less than 3.5 (–5) mm diam
17 KB (757 words) - 01:31, 30 July 2020
below perianth. Flowers solitary or in heads. Capsules 1-locular or usually 3-locular. Seeds usually not tailed. North America and south temperate areas
9 KB (398 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
abaxially glanddotted; styles 3–7 mm, branches 1–2.2 mm, proximal 2/3–4/5 stigmatic, apices acute to rounded. Cypselae (3–) 3.5–7.5 mm; pappi usually coroniform
12 KB (678 words) - 23:55, 29 July 2020
interlocking, densely or sparsely covered in simple hairs; nuts 1-3 per cupule, planoconvex, or if 3, then central nut often reduced and flattened, or if solitary
8 KB (435 words) - 08:38, 30 July 2020
689. 1987 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Roots 1-5 (-9) -branched from within 1 cm of stem attachment, 2-7 (-16) cm, cormlike to fascicled or fibrous
13 KB (670 words) - 08:25, 30 July 2020
2–40 (–50) × 0.3–5.5 cm, usually glabrous, tuberculate; areoles elliptic, circular, ovate, obovate, or obdeltate to rhombic, 0.7–5 mm diam.; wool white
17 KB (804 words) - 09:14, 30 July 2020
bracteoles. Flowers (8–) 12–20 mm diam.; hypanthium obconic, densely pubescent, sometimes glabrous; sepals narrowly triangular, 1/2–2/3 petal length, margins entire
20 KB (1,294 words) - 13:44, 30 July 2020
of seed length include aril and pubescence; the body itself is usually 0.3–0.7 mm shorter. None. Asemeia, Hebecarpa, Monnina, Polygala, Polygaloides, Rhinotropis
16 KB (1,157 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
erect, simple. Leaves winter-persistent (basal), basal and cauline, simple, 3-foliolate, lyrate-pinnate, or odd-pinnate (commonly with smaller leaflets intermixed
22 KB (1,259 words) - 14:34, 30 July 2020
yellowish, sometimes whitish, 2.2–7 mm, tubes 1–2.5 mm, throats campanulate, 1–3 mm, lengths 2–8 times lobes. Cypselae 3–7 mm, ± hirtellous to villous; pappi
8 KB (620 words) - 23:45, 29 July 2020
arrays, sometimes borne singly. Involucres campanulate, 3–6 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 8–30 in 2 (–3) series, 0-nerved or 2-nerved, lanceolate to linear
11 KB (480 words) - 22:58, 29 July 2020
Involucres funnelform, campanulate, or hemispheric, 5–11 × 3.5–14 mm. Ray-florets 0, or 3–5, or 6–18; corollas yellow. Disc-florets 9–200; corollas yellow
11 KB (583 words) - 23:49, 29 July 2020
Flowers unisexual; perianth absent; stamens 1–3; anthers 2–4 mm, apex usually mucronate or awned; styles linear, 2–3-fid, base deciduous or persistent, hypogynium
13 KB (648 words) - 01:45, 30 July 2020
the flora and plant geography of west Greenland II. Meddel. Grønland 1477 (7): 11--23. Jarolimova, V. and Kirschner, J. 1995. Tetraploids in Luzula multiflora
7 KB (466 words) - 00:51, 30 July 2020
absent, sometimes present (in R. californica and R. lindheimeri), (2.4–) 3.5–14.5 mm; sepals deciduous or persistent (when persistent, usually only upper;
13 KB (712 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
axillary, less commonly axillary and terminal; cymes 1–7 (–10) -flowered. Pedicels erect to spreading, 0.5–7 mm. Flowers usually closed, sometimes semi-open; tepals
13 KB (1,076 words) - 10:08, 30 July 2020
rarely glaucous adaxially (P. nuttallii); 1-veined or venation parallel (3-veined), secondary-veins not conspicuous. Inflorescences usually axillary and
11 KB (812 words) - 10:09, 30 July 2020
coriaceous, firm to floppy, base narrowly cuneate to rounded, lobes 0 or 1–3 per side, sinuses usually shallow, lobe apex acute to obtuse, margins entire
22 KB (1,233 words) - 13:46, 30 July 2020
acuminate, usually unawned, occasionally awned, awns to 0.3 mm; calluses bearded; lemmas of bisexual florets 3-veined, marginal veins pubescent, midveins usually
21 KB (1,159 words) - 04:42, 30 July 2020
anthers dehiscing by longitudinal slits; pistil 1, [2–] 3–10 [–15] -carpellate, ovary superior, [2–] 3–10 [–15] -locular, placentation axile; ovules 2 per
13 KB (776 words) - 18:34, 29 July 2020
or in ± corymbiform, cymiform, or paniculiform arrays. Calyculi usually of 3–8 (–21+) bractlets or bracts (usually ± herbaceous, usually shorter than phyllaries
12 KB (744 words) - 23:22, 29 July 2020
Common names: Rockcress Etymology: Latin Arabia Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 257. Mentioned on page 226, 234, 242, 258, 264, 348, 349
15 KB (974 words) - 12:07, 30 July 2020
corollas 6–12 mm. Cypselae tan, turbinate to cylindric or oblanceoloid, 3–8 mm, glabrous or hairy (often ± pilose or sericeous); pappi whitish, 3–13 mm. 2n = 18
16 KB (1,091 words) - 20:55, 29 July 2020
15–50 × 4–12 mm, margins entire or fimbriate; ovary scaly, spineless; stigma lobes 5–12, pink, green, yellow, or creamy white, 1.5–3.5 mm. Fruits dehiscent
19 KB (1,100 words) - 09:23, 30 July 2020
gibbous (forming a prominent or obscure pouch) adaxially, lobes 5, abaxial 3, 2 as wings, middle lobe of abaxial lip (keel) folded lengthwise, enclosing
16 KB (737 words) - 19:04, 29 July 2020
487, 498, 504, 50. Annuals, biennials, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, 3–350 cm (usually, rarely not, aromatic). Stems 1–10+, usually erect, usually
14 KB (1,396 words) - 20:45, 29 July 2020
veins obscure or prominent, apices unawned; lower glumes 1 (3) -veined; upper glumes (1) 3 (5) -veined; calluses blunt, glabrous or pubescent; lemmas membranous
22 KB (1,516 words) - 03:14, 30 July 2020
and shape. Indusia present. x = 36. Worldwide Species ca. 700 (28 species, 3 nothospecies in the flora). None. Asplenium abscissum, Asplenium adiantum-nigrum
11 KB (330 words) - 00:25, 30 July 2020
singly. Involucres obconic to turbinate or campanulate, (3–9.5 ×) 2–8 mm. Phyllaries 15–30 in (3–) 4–6 series, 1-nerved (midnerves usually barely evident;
12 KB (695 words) - 20:55, 29 July 2020
corymbiform arrays. Involucres obconic to hemispheric, 4–15+ mm diam. Phyllaries 5–13+ in 2–3+ series, subequal, usually membranous or scarious-margined
9 KB (558 words) - 23:45, 29 July 2020
glabrous or pubescent; beak 0.5–3 mm, ca. 1/2 length of body, orifice entire to bidentate, teeth to 1 mm. Stigmas 3. Achenes trigonous, smaller than to
18 KB (940 words) - 02:10, 30 July 2020
tawny, barbellate, apically attenuate bristles in 1–3 series. x = 4. w North America, n Mexico Species 3 (3 in the flora). Dieteria has often been included
11 KB (782 words) - 22:23, 29 July 2020
its hybrids), solid or hollow, terete or slightly flattened. Leaves: basal 3–10, in fan; blade monofacial (except at base), smooth or ridged, sometimes
20 KB (1,129 words) - 06:06, 30 July 2020
hypanthium; filaments distinct; styles 3, distinct or nearly so, filiform, 0.2–3 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 3, linear along adaxial surface of styles
13 KB (764 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
alternate; petiole absent; blade not fleshy, not leathery, margins entire or 3–7-lobed. Inflorescences terminal, spikes or racemes; bracts present. Pedicels
9 KB (389 words) - 18:58, 29 July 2020
adaxial base of perianth; sepals 3, occasionally ridged abaxially, 3.1–12 × 0.6–2.6 cm, apex usually acute; petals 3, ridged abaxially, with 2 adaxial
37 KB (2,628 words) - 05:42, 30 July 2020
persistent or deciduous, (3–) 4–5, distinct or ± connate, margins sometimes glandular-ciliate; petals persistent or deciduous, (3–) 4–5 [–6], contorted, yellow
13 KB (922 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
nivea), sometimes showy; petals entire to fringed or emarginate; lip lobed, 3-partite, spurred at base, margins entire to fringed; pollinaria 2; pollinia
17 KB (518 words) - 05:23, 30 July 2020
pedicellate; sepals deciduous soon after anthesis, 3-5; petals yellow; nectary scale attached on 3 sides, forming pocket enclosing nectary, or sometimes
9 KB (584 words) - 08:33, 30 July 2020
pubescent or glabrous; flowers gaping only from 2/3–3/4 their lengths from base, tubular portion more than 3 mm; lip white, creamy, yellow, or green in center
18 KB (547 words) - 05:22, 30 July 2020
deciduous (base articulated) or persistent (base not articulated). Flowers 3–15 mm diam.; sepals persistent, (4–) 5; petals persistent, (4–) 5; stamens persistent
10 KB (391 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
proximally or distinct; staminodes present or absent. Fruits capsular, globose, 1.3–7 mm, dehiscence valvate. Seeds 1–20+ (unknown in L. nummularia), shiny black
18 KB (899 words) - 13:07, 30 July 2020
involucral gland appendages 0.5–1 mm, orbiculate; capsules 2.5(–3) × 2.7–3.3(–5) mm, 1 locule usually aborting; seeds 2.2–2.9 mm; cyathia persistent; wc Texas
16 KB (581 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
paleas usually subequal to the lemmas, membranous or hyaline; anthers 1-3, 0.1-2.7 mm. Caryopses obovate to elliptic, falling free of the lemmas and paleas
14 KB (1,093 words) - 04:44, 30 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 10. Mentioned on page 3, 9, 25. Annuals, perennials, or shrubs, 10–400+ cm (usually rhizomatous). Stems
16 KB (728 words) - 23:11, 29 July 2020
corymbiform, cymiform, or paniculiform arrays. Calyculi usually 0 (sometimes 1–3 bractlets in Schkuhria). Involucres campanulate to narrowly cylindric or obconic
17 KB (818 words) - 23:57, 29 July 2020
stigma; pistil 3-carpellate; ovary superior, green or colored like perianth (yellow in T. peduncularis, white in T. clementina), stipitate, 3-locular, ovules
12 KB (679 words) - 06:03, 30 July 2020
yellow-green or pale-purple proximally; nectary 5 glands; pistil 3 (–4) -carpellate; styles 3, distinct or connate proximally, 2-fid, branches 6 per flower
14 KB (666 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
leaf-blades 5+ mm, glabrous. Inflorescences racemose, with 3–6 spikes; proximal nonbasal bracts leaflike, long-sheathing, more than 4 mm, longer than diameter
12 KB (663 words) - 02:07, 30 July 2020
campanulate or funnelform, outer 3 lobes narrower than inner 3; stamens 3, epitepalous, opposite inner perianth lobes, alternating with 3 staminodia (staminodia
12 KB (690 words) - 06:01, 30 July 2020
herbaceous), often ciliolate (green zones ± basally truncate), in distal 1/3–3/4 of phyllary (outer) to less than 1/6 and only along midnerves (inner), apices
20 KB (1,017 words) - 22:19, 29 July 2020
straight; paleas absent or greatly reduced; lodicules absent; anthers 3, 0.3-4.1 mm; ovaries glabrous; styles fused, with 2 branches. Caryopses shorter than
13 KB (1,084 words) - 02:42, 30 July 2020
globose, hemispheric, obconic, or ovoid, 4–34 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 9–34 (–40+) in (1–) 2 [–3] series (distinct or proximally connate, usually
13 KB (702 words) - 15:32, 15 December 2020
persistent basal rosettes, 0.1–2 (–3) dm, lengths 1–3 (–4) times basal leaves. Leaves: basal sometimes 2-ranked; cauline 0–2 (–3); primary leaves ternate or palmate
14 KB (899 words) - 13:59, 30 July 2020
Involucres ± campanulate to obconic or hemispheric, 3–8 (–11+) mm diam. Phyllaries 18–70+ in 4–7+ series, the outer ovate to lanceolate or subulate, inner
13 KB (807 words) - 20:05, 29 July 2020
elliptic or cylindric, occasionally inclined, 0.5–3 (–7) mm, exothecial cells rectangular, 25–30 µm, ca. 2–3: 1, walls thin or evenly thickened; annulus of
26 KB (1,447 words) - 07:08, 30 July 2020
margins, 9–25 × 3–9 mm, margins fringed, denticulate, or entire; inner tepals yellow, peach, pink, magenta, cream, or white, 4–15 × 3–7 mm, margins entire
14 KB (926 words) - 09:24, 30 July 2020
structure; upper glumes lanceolate to ovate, glabrous or variously pubescent, 3-9-veined, unawned or awned; lower lemmas similar to the upper glumes in length
12 KB (923 words) - 04:12, 30 July 2020
cylindric, hemispheric, obconic, or turbinate. Phyllaries falling or persistent, 3–21+ in 1–2 series (distinct or ± connate, mostly linear to lanceolate, usually
11 KB (674 words) - 23:30, 29 July 2020
ovary; filaments distinct; staminodes absent; styles 3, filiform, 0.5–2 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 3, linear along adaxial surfaces of styles, papillate
12 KB (698 words) - 10:04, 30 July 2020
of lowest florets entire, bilobed, trilobed, or 4-lobed, 3-veined, veins usually extended into 3 short awns; paleas of lowest florets 2-veined, veins sometimes
16 KB (1,065 words) - 04:46, 30 July 2020
basal blades 1-nerved, oblanceolate to elliptic or nearly linear (3–250 (–450) × 3–30 mm, bases usually attenuate), margins entire or spinulose-dentate or
15 KB (811 words) - 22:27, 29 July 2020
plants) sporophore branches. Gametophytes broadly ovate, unbranched, 1–3 × 1–10 mm. x =44, 45, 92. Nearly worldwide The greatest diversity in Botrychium
19 KB (579 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
borne singly, not in heads. Capsules 1-locular (placentae 1/2–3/4 distance to central axis) or 3-locular, rarely beaked. Seeds not tailed (except J. vaseyi)
9 KB (421 words) - 00:51, 30 July 2020
smooth or minutely papillose, glabrous; beak sometimes inconspicuous, 0.1–0.3 mm, with or without abaxial suture, margins entire or sparsely and minutely
11 KB (598 words) - 01:52, 30 July 2020
tepals white to cream or tan, 1.3–5 mm, apex glandular; ovary superior; pedicel jointed near middle. Fruits capsular, 3-locular, 3-lobed, thin-walled or sometimes
10 KB (569 words) - 06:10, 30 July 2020
fastigiate arrays. Involucres hemispheric to campanulate 6–20 mm diam. Phyllaries 11–60+ in 3 series (mostly spreading to erect in fruit, distinct, herbaceous;
10 KB (710 words) - 22:39, 29 July 2020
Treatment on page 383. Mentioned on page 6, 7, 8, 10, 15, 17, 384, 394, 402. Annuals, biennials, perennials, or subshrubs, 3–100 cm (taprooted, caudices woody,
13 KB (844 words) - 22:21, 29 July 2020
abaxial nectary, then distinct or connate into shallow cup); stamens 1, 2, or 3–10; filaments distinct or connate; ovary (stipitate or sessile), 2-carpellate;
35 KB (4,327 words) - 12:03, 30 July 2020
(bearing aboveground knees in Taxodium). Leaves simple, usually persisting 3–5 years and shed with lateral shoots (cladoptosic) (shed annually in Taxodium)
17 KB (1,137 words) - 00:30, 30 July 2020
Loudon Hort. Brit., 385. 1830. Kevin C. Nixon Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Trees or shrubs, evergreen or deciduous. Bark gray to dark-brown or black
23 KB (617 words) - 08:21, 30 July 2020
turbinate-campanulate, (2–) 3.5–5 (–8) × 2–4 mm, tomentose to floccose; teeth 5, erect, 0.1–1 mm. Flowers (2.5–) 3–6 (–7) mm; perianth yellow or white to
13 KB (1,117 words) - 10:39, 30 July 2020
(sometimes whorled) or alternate; petiolate or sessile; blades (pinnately nerved or 3-nerved or 5-nerved from at or near bases) mostly rhombic, deltate, ovate, or
12 KB (721 words) - 23:07, 29 July 2020
disarticulating with the spikelets at maturity; of 3 kinds, outer, inner, and primary, in some species with all 3 kinds present below each spikelet, in others
18 KB (1,301 words) - 04:12, 30 July 2020
than midvein, leaves often over 10 mm wide, cauline leaves sometimes bladeless, glabrous. Inflorescences racemose, with 3–5 (–6) spikes; proximal nonbasal
9 KB (460 words) - 02:08, 30 July 2020
biosystematics of the genus Thelypodium (Cruciferae). Contr. Gray Herb. 204: 3–148. Payson, E. B. 1923. A monographic study of Thelypodium and its immediate
15 KB (841 words) - 12:01, 30 July 2020
typical Onagraceae 3-pored pollen, usually 4- or 5-pored. This can be observed under low magnification (for example, 10\×) since the 3-pored pollen is triangular
13 KB (827 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
mostly 0.3–2 cm, twisted clockwise proximally, occasionally counterclockwise distally. Capsule stegocarpous, theca elliptic to cylindric, ca. 1–3 mm, annulus
28 KB (1,343 words) - 07:04, 30 July 2020
black, sometimes yellowish, reniform, comma-shaped, obovoid, or spheric, 0.8–3.5 mm in greatest diam., shiny or glossy; testa smooth, raised-reticulate, or
25 KB (1,748 words) - 09:25, 30 July 2020
hairs to 1 mm, stellate-pubescent > 7 7 Petals 3–6 mm; stems 10–45 cm, spreading to erect-fastigiate; capsules 2.8–3.8 mm. Crocanthemum scoparium 7 Petals
9 KB (561 words) - 11:40, 30 July 2020
evergreen > 3 2 Basal leaves senescing at or soon after anthesis > 6 3 Basal leaf blades linear to narrowly oblanceolate, margins entire > 4 3 Basal leaf
13 KB (537 words) - 09:45, 30 July 2020
to 1-locular distally, placentation free-central; style 1, short, stigmas 3–8 (–18). Capsules membranaceous, chartaceous, dehiscence circumscissile. Seeds
12 KB (398 words) - 09:12, 30 July 2020
Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants 3–35 (–100) cm. Stems erect or ascending. Leaves 3–7 (–25 cm); leaflets 5–13, blade linear, ovate, or
8 KB (525 words) - 12:04, 30 July 2020
some bisexual (plants polygamous); hypanthium campanulate to cupulate, 2–3 mm wide, usually not circumscissile, rarely so at or just proximal to sepal
12 KB (452 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
papillate-swollen in proximal 1/10–1/3 (–2/3), (1–) 1.5–3 mm. Achenes smooth. North America, Mexico Species 7 or more (7 in the flora). Section Graciles consists primarily
18 KB (1,044 words) - 13:56, 30 July 2020
(0.5–) 2–25 (–31) × 0.01–0.6 mm; radial spines (6–) 10–80 per areole, straight to curved or crinkly bristles, (0.6–) 3–25 mm; central spines 0–several (indefinitely
18 KB (1,104 words) - 09:27, 30 July 2020
usually 4 or 5, than typical 3-pored pollen in Onagraceae. This can be observed under low magnification (for example, 10\×) since 3-pored pollen is triangular
14 KB (984 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
pistillate petals caducous or absent; stamens usually 4 or 8, sometimes 5–7 in bisexual flowers; ovary 4-locular. Fruit a schizocarp, light green, tan
19 KB (1,182 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
pseudoparaphyllia acute to acuminate; axillary hairs of 2–4 cells, cells long, 3–6: 1. Stem-leaves appressed, erect, spreading, patent, or falcate-secund, loosely
18 KB (751 words) - 07:47, 30 July 2020
slightly to strongly revolute, rarely flat, distal (1/3–) 1/2 to nearly whole length evenly incised 1/4–3/4 to midvein, teeth (1–) 2–6 (–12) per side, surfaces
21 KB (1,382 words) - 14:01, 30 July 2020
Involucres ± cylindric to turbinate, 2–3 (–5+) mm diam. Phyllaries usually 5–12 in 1 series, equal (20–25 in 2–3 series, unequal in S. cichoriacea, usually
15 KB (1,165 words) - 20:25, 29 July 2020
individuals). Involucres narrowly to broadly campanulate, 2.5–5 mm. Phyllaries in 3–7 series, unequal, mostly brownish to stramineous, sometimes purplish
17 KB (844 words) - 20:36, 29 July 2020
laminae elliptic, entire or 2-lobed or 3-lobed, glabrous or proximally glandular-puberulent). Disc-florets [1–] 3–55 [–100], usually bisexual; corollas
14 KB (1,174 words) - 23:30, 29 July 2020
usually longer and thicker than pendent branches. Branch fascicles with 2 (–3) spreading and 1–2 pendent branches. Branch stems green, surrounded by 1 layer
19 KB (686 words) - 07:06, 30 July 2020
reniform, sometimes hoodlike, cuplike, or round. Sporangia with stalk of 2–3 rows of cells; annulus vertical, interrupted by stalk. Spores all of 1 kind
15 KB (567 words) - 00:33, 30 July 2020
(sometimes all conditions on one plant); petiolate or sessile; blades (1-nerved or 3-nerved) deltate, elliptic, linear, ovate, or rhombic, sometimes 1–2-pinnately
10 KB (661 words) - 23:01, 29 July 2020
stipe 0–3.5 mm; ovary glabrous or sparsely to very densely hairy; stigmas with flat, non-papillate abaxial surface, cylindrical, or plump, 0.1–0.8 mm. North
4 KB (588 words) - 11:55, 30 July 2020
margins entire, (sometimes ciliate, plane to revolute, abaxial surface 1/3+ visible except sometimes in bud, surfaces hairy and/or scaled, midvein hairy
21 KB (889 words) - 13:16, 30 July 2020
5–20; corollas 8–12.5 mm. Cypselae tan, narrowly ellipsoid to subturbinate, 3–8 mm, sericeous; pappi off-white to brown, 3.3–7.5 mm. 2n = 18. Generated Map
11 KB (730 words) - 21:17, 29 July 2020
margins entire, serrate, or deeply cleft, sometimes glandular; blade (2) 3 (–9) -lobed or unlobed, base cuneate to cordate or rarely peltate, surfaces
19 KB (1,406 words) - 11:20, 30 July 2020
2.5–8 × 1.2–3.5 mm, 2–2.5 times as long as wide, dull, base rounded, apex tapering to beak, glabrous or pubescent; beak straight, 0.2–2 mm, emarginate
13 KB (709 words) - 02:14, 30 July 2020
obtuse, abaxially dehiscent. Seeds usually 3–6 per mericarp, usually turbinate, puberulent or scabridulous. x = 7, 8. United States, Mexico, West Indies,
12 KB (726 words) - 11:23, 30 July 2020
arrays or borne singly. Involucres cylindric to campanulate or hemispheric, 3–9 mm diam. Phyllaries 20–40 in 2–5 series (mid usually green, sometimes red or
19 KB (1,032 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
annuals). Involucres fusiform, ovoid, globose, or campanulate, 3–30 mm diam. Phyllaries 5–40 in 3–5 series, unequal (outer usually shorter, ± deltate, inner
15 KB (826 words) - 20:23, 29 July 2020
peristome single, usually of 16 lanceolate teeth, deeply divided into 2 or rarely 3 divisions, usually vertically striolate or pitted-striolate proximally, papillose
14 KB (515 words) - 06:54, 30 July 2020
Franç. ed. 3, 4: 637. 1805, name conserved. Kingsley R. Stern Etymology: Greek korydallis, crested lark Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Herbs, annual
10 KB (525 words) - 08:22, 30 July 2020
montanus, Penstemon newberryi, Penstemon personatus, Penstemon rupicola "/3-3/4timescorollathroat" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this
10 KB (581 words) - 19:05, 29 July 2020
exserted, ± flattened distally, 0.1–0.5 mm diam., tip straight to recurved, distal (20–) 50–100% hairy, hairs to 0.7–1.3 mm; style glabrous. Capsules glabrous
12 KB (656 words) - 19:06, 29 July 2020
recurved, or revolute leaf margin (false indusium). Sporangia stalk of 2–3 rows of cells; annulus vertical, interrupted by stalk; spores 64 or 32 (rarely
15 KB (634 words) - 00:29, 30 July 2020
truncate; anthers 3. Caryopses ovoid to elliptic, dorsally compressed; embryos 1/2 - 3/4 as long as the caryopses; hila punctate to linear, x = 7, 8, 9, or 10
18 KB (1,245 words) - 04:10, 30 July 2020
nectary absent; pistil 3-carpellate; styles 3, connate basally to 1/2 [most of] length, unbranched. Fruits capsules, usually 3 carpels maturing, except
14 KB (615 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
bud, 2.3–3.3 mm diam.; petals 3–4 (–6), yellowish green. Berries proximally yellowish green or olive green, distally yellow, orange, or brown, 3–5 × 2–3
14 KB (1,109 words) - 18:24, 29 July 2020
Neogenyton, 3. 1825. Alan T. Whittemore, L.L. Gaddy Common names: Heartleaf Etymology: Greek hexastylis, with six styles Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Herbs
9 KB (474 words) - 08:38, 30 July 2020
(1.5–) 2–3.5 (–4) × 1.3–2.5 (–3) mm, tomentose, floccose, subglabrous, or glabrous; teeth 5, erect, (0.3–) 0.5–1 (–1.7) mm. Flowers 1.5–3 (–4) mm; perianth
15 KB (1,118 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
Subalbae, Salix sect. Triandrae George W. Argus Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 38. Mentioned on page 23, 24, 29, 30, 31, 39, 40, 41, 44
14 KB (582 words) - 12:06, 30 July 2020
glabrous; beak flattened-triangular, 0.5–6.4 mm, mostly 2+ mm, at least as long as body, entire at orifice. Stigmas 3. Achenes trigonous, as large as or smaller
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Treatment on page 207. Mentioned on page 204, 205, 206, 218. Plants (3–) 10–40 (–180) mm, in dense cushions to loose mats, olivaceous, green, brown, or black
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with basal scale 0.3–0.5 mm, these nearly closing mouth of floral-tube, or sometimes reduced or absent; stigma deeply divided into (3 or) 4 linear lobes
12 KB (1,080 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
branched or subpinnate; paraphyllia present. Platylomella 3 Stems with hyalodermis at least partial > 4 3 Stems with hyalodermis absent > 6 4 Stem leaves usually
21 KB (586 words) - 07:42, 30 July 2020
bisexual, lemmas hyaline, bilobed or bifid to 7/8 of their length (rarely entire), awned from the sinuses; anthers 3. Pedicels free of the rame axes, usually
13 KB (1,172 words) - 04:27, 30 July 2020
kernel Synonyms: Hicoria Rafinesque Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Trees, rarely shrubs, 3-52 m. Bark gray or brownish, smooth with fissures in younger trees
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clavate (cells smooth in Z. menziesii); setae 3-13 mm; capsules long-exserted; calyptrae cucullate. Zygodon 3 Distal laminal cells smooth or papillae 1-4
14 KB (382 words) - 07:42, 30 July 2020
when distal leaves smaller and crowded). Pedicels present. Flowers erect, 3–4 (–5) -merous; sepals connate basally, all alike; petals spreading or recurved
11 KB (847 words) - 12:59, 30 July 2020
4–10 (–15) mm, apex acute to acuminate. Pedicels erect, not bent in fruit, usually 5–15 mm. Flowers: calyx 3–6 × 3–6 mm; petals connate 1–2.5 mm, pale or
10 KB (763 words) - 13:01, 30 July 2020
75–2.5 × 1–3 cm. Flowers 5–8 mm diam.; hypanthia campanulate, 2–4 mm; sepals triangular, 1.5–2 mm; petals white, obovate to suborbiculate, 3–4 mm; staminodes
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or seeds near base of capsule coarsely papillose. = 7. w, sc United States, nw Mexico Species 7 (7 in the flora). Species of Eremothera are found mainly
12 KB (833 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
leaves similar to stem-leaves or sometimes slightly differentiated. Seta to 6 mm. Capsule immersed, emergent, or exserted, globose to cylindric, smooth or
24 KB (641 words) - 07:46, 30 July 2020
Involucres campanulate to obconic, 2–7 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 8–13 (–22) in ± 2 series (strongly connate 2/3–7/8+ their lengths, seldom with outer
11 KB (587 words) - 23:33, 29 July 2020
Kotzebue) Expedition to the Pacific Coast Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Herbs, annual or perennial, scapose or caulescent, from taproots; sap colorless
9 KB (321 words) - 08:45, 30 July 2020
hypanthium; stamens (rarely 4–) 5; ovary superior, (2–) 3-locular; style 1. Fruits drupes; stones 2–3 (–4), indehiscent but open at base. Seeds obovoid to
10 KB (499 words) - 18:33, 29 July 2020
short-bristled, bristle if present entire, 0.03–0.45 mm; leaves in whorls of 3; strobili usually solitary, 0.2–3 cm. > 17 17 Leaves tightly appressed, apex keeled
17 KB (719 words) - 00:22, 30 July 2020
1–3.5 mm, with 1 vein or fewer than 10 widely spaced longitudinal veins, membranous. Styles 3-fid. Achenes trigonous to nearly terete, 0.5–1.1 mm, with
8 KB (548 words) - 01:30, 30 July 2020
pilosus, Caulanthus simulans S. Watson Botany (Fortieth Parallel), 27, plate 3. 1871. Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz Common names: Wild-cabbage Etymology: Greek kaulos
16 KB (997 words) - 11:59, 30 July 2020
or emarginate. Fruits capsules, 9–12 mm, dehiscence poricidal, each loculus wall later splitting into valves. Seeds 3–122, gray, brown, or black, globular
12 KB (693 words) - 18:50, 29 July 2020
from cauline to distinctly larger and somewhat sheathing. Seta short, 0.3–0.4 mm. Capsule immersed to short-exserted, pyriform or obovate, neck weakly to
6 KB (403 words) - 06:59, 30 July 2020
to stem leaves 1.2–1.5 mm and stems usually 1–2 cm and slender (related to the leaf size); ‘medium’ refers to stem leaves 1.5–3 mm and stems 2–4 cm; ‘large’
18 KB (782 words) - 07:52, 30 July 2020
rarely papillate or denticulate, teeth to 0.1 mm; staminode included or exserted, flattened distally, 0.2–1.1 mm diam., tip straight to recurved, rarely coiled
16 KB (905 words) - 19:18, 29 July 2020
glands]; pistil [3–] 4 [–5] -carpellate; ovary superior to 1/2 inferior, 1-locular, placentation parietal; style absent or essentially so; stigmas [3–] 4 [–5];
10 KB (406 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
(6) 7-17 mm, with 3-10 florets. Glumes ovatelanceolate to lanceolate, exceeded by the distal florets; lower glumes (1.5) 2-6 (7) mm; upper glumes (3) 3
17 KB (1,582 words) - 03:09, 30 July 2020
turbinate. Phyllaries in 3–10 series, appressed, spreading, or reflexed, indurate bases usually glabrous, apices acute to acuminate, 1–3 mm, herbaceous, faces
9 KB (639 words) - 22:24, 29 July 2020
Pistillate flowers: sepals 3 [or 5], distinct [connate]; petals 0; nectary absent; pistil (1–) 3-carpellate; styles (1–) 3, distinct or connate basally
17 KB (923 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
proximally; styles 3, occasionally 2, connate proximally for 1/2 of length, rarely to nearly distinct (D. cordata), filiform, 0.1–0.3 mm, glabrous proximally;
13 KB (701 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
widely liguliform or oblanceolate, rarely ovate to elliptic. Scape: bracts 2–3, triangular, ovate, or lanceolate. Inflorescences umbellate, bracteate; each
14 KB (860 words) - 05:56, 30 July 2020
abruptly attached to ovary (or forming a beak in E. rostratum); stigma unlobed or 3-lobed, lobes recurved to erect. Fruits capsular, erect, obovoid to oblong,
18 KB (1,049 words) - 05:39, 30 July 2020
hispidulous, with 1-17 (25) spikelets. Spikelets 3-17 mm, lengths to 3 times widths, not bulbiferous; florets 2-7 (13). Glumes lanceolate to broadly lanceolate;
7 KB (1,025 words) - 03:21, 30 July 2020
narrowly lanceolate to ovatelanceolate [rarely linear-lanceolate], 0.6–3.5 mm; base decurrent or not; margins plane (strongly revolute in P. cardotii
17 KB (677 words) - 07:39, 30 July 2020
ebracteate peduncles). Involucres campanulate to hemispheric, 7–20 × 12–40 (–48) mm. Phyllaries 25–45 in 3–6 series, 1-nerved (keeled), narrowly lanceolate, unequal
11 KB (655 words) - 22:25, 29 July 2020
sometimes glanddotted; styles 3–5+ mm, branches 1–1.8 mm, proximal 1/2–4/5 stigmatic, apices acute to rounded. Cypselae 1.5–3.5 (–4) mm; pappi usually coroniform
10 KB (649 words) - 22:36, 29 July 2020
symmetric, bilabiate, tubular, tube base not spurred or gibbous, lobes 5, abaxial 3, adaxial 2, nearly completely connate and appearing as 1 emarginate lobe, throat
12 KB (470 words) - 19:19, 29 July 2020
bracts 3, scalelike, 0.5–3 (–5) mm. Peduncles absent. Involucres 1 per node or 2–10 per cluster, turbinate to turbinate-campanulate, (2.5–) 3–5 (–7) × (1
14 KB (1,118 words) - 10:38, 30 July 2020
base clawed or not, claw often ± villous; stamens [10–] 14–20 [–44] in 2 or 3 series, usually slightly longer than petals; carpels 2–5, distinct, partially
21 KB (1,208 words) - 14:28, 30 July 2020
bracteoles 2, at base of perianth. Flowers borne singly, not in heads. Capsules 3-locular. Seeds usually not tailed. Worldwide Species ca. 25 (11 in the flora)
6 KB (353 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
leaves 4-7; sheaths glabrous, puberulent, sparsely to densely pubescent, pilose or velvety, often with hairs of two lengths; ligules 0.5-3 mm, of hairs
4 KB (866 words) - 04:02, 30 July 2020
mucilaginous when wetted; cotyledons incumbent. x = 7. North America, n Europe, Asia Species 17 (7 in the flora). Abbe, E. C. 1948. Braya in boreal eastern
13 KB (760 words) - 12:30, 30 July 2020
strigillose. Peduncles 3.1–10.3 mm, glabrate to sparsely strigillose; bracteoles few, linear. Involucres campanulate, 3–7 mm. Phyllaries (in 3–4 series) strongly
11 KB (956 words) - 21:32, 29 July 2020
sometimes basally lobed; leaflets (1–) 3–16 (–20) per side, separate to overlapping, divided ± 1/6–3/4+ to midrib into 3–30 (–60) teeth or lobes not restricted
10 KB (768 words) - 14:06, 30 July 2020
bracts leaflike or scalelike.) Involucres hemispheric, (2–5 ×) 3–14 mm. Phyllaries 30–55 in 3–6 series, 1-nerved (midribs thickened, resinous; flat), linear
9 KB (535 words) - 22:17, 29 July 2020
shoots; branching usually monopodial [or sympodial]. Stems not spinose. Buds 3–10-scaled (resinous or not, terminal buds present [or absent]). Leaves deciduous;
32 KB (2,739 words) - 12:04, 30 July 2020
Disc-florets (3–) 4–5 (–14); corollas 3.5–6.5 mm, lobes 0.7–1.7 mm; style-branches 2.2–3.2 mm (exserted beyond spreading corolla lobes), appendages 0.8–1.5 mm (length
9 KB (684 words) - 21:47, 29 July 2020
sometimes nearly orbiculate, margins flat, distal 1/3–3/4 evenly to unevenly (P. subviscosa) incised 1/5–3/4 to midvein, sometimes deeply lobed as well (P
12 KB (863 words) - 13:59, 30 July 2020
distinct and free; petals linear, lanceolate, or elliptic; lip 3-lobed; lamellae 3–5 (–7), prominent; column arcuate, apex narrowly winged; anthers terminal
9 KB (691 words) - 05:28, 30 July 2020
apiculate; lower glumes 1 (3) -veined; upper glumes 3 (5) -veined, lateral-veins less than 1/2 the glume length; calluses hairy; lemmas 3-7-veined, margins hyaline
13 KB (1,134 words) - 02:39, 30 July 2020
and free from costae, elliptic, lanceolate to linear, usually more than 4 mm wide; base rounded, truncate, or cordate; stalks often lustrous and dark colored;
15 KB (692 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
corollas deeply 4-lobed > 3 2 Berries 5-locular; corollas globose to urceolate, shallowly or scarcely lobed [45c. sect. Myrtillus] > 4 3 Plants erect shrubs
13 KB (607 words) - 12:52, 30 July 2020
truncate, or emarginate; filaments 2–7 mm; anthers (yellow) 0.4–1.5 mm; style 1.5–4 mm. Nutlets dark-brown or gray, 3–4.5 mm, tuberculate, tubercles straw-colored
7 KB (436 words) - 12:05, 30 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 366. Mentioned on page 3, 5, 255, 257, 364, 365, 375. Perennials, 5–100 cm (rhizomes relatively long
16 KB (834 words) - 23:57, 29 July 2020
fruit, 0.7–3 (–4.5) cm, proximal usually not much longer than distal. Flowers 5-merous; hypanthium 2.5–6 mm diam.; petals yellow, ± obcordate, (2.5–) 3.5–7
13 KB (976 words) - 13:58, 30 July 2020
moderately scabrous, infrequently densely scabrous. Spikelets 3.5-9 (12) mm, lengths to 3.5 times widths, lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, laterally compressed
10 KB (1,062 words) - 03:18, 30 July 2020
5) mm; petals oblanceolate to oblong, (4.9–) 7.2–9.8 (–14) × (1.6–) 2.6–3.1 (–5.3) mm; stamens (9–) 13–19 (–20); styles (2 or) 3 or 4, (1.7–) 2.3–3 (–3
8 KB (726 words) - 13:48, 30 July 2020
style filiform; stigma capitate or 3-fid with lobes linear; pedicel sometimes absent, hollow. Fruits capsular, thin-walled, 3-locular, subglobose or ± oblate
12 KB (861 words) - 05:58, 30 July 2020
Boerhavia torreyana, Boerhavia triquetra, Boerhavia wrightii Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 3. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 4. 1754. Richard W. Spellenberg Common names: Spiderling
15 KB (627 words) - 09:17, 30 July 2020
than the paleas, 1-3-veined, midveins keeled, lateral-veins usually obscure; paleas thin, papery, 2-veined, obscurely keeled; anthers 3; lodicules sometimes
15 KB (1,152 words) - 04:46, 30 July 2020
septum complete; ovules 22–70 per ovary; style obsolete or distinct (to 1.7 mm); stigma capitate, entire. Seeds uniseriate, plump, not winged, usually oblong
11 KB (699 words) - 11:59, 30 July 2020
obconic, or cylindric, sometimes hemispheric, (5–15 ×) 1.5–15 mm. Phyllaries 12–60+ in (2–) 3–7 series (in vertical ranks or spirals, tan, sometimes green
12 KB (864 words) - 21:46, 29 July 2020
in (3–) 4 series, outer of linear to linear-triangular, barbellate or erose-fimbrillate scales (0.3–1.4 mm, length 5–20% longer inner), inner 2–3 series
12 KB (845 words) - 21:52, 29 July 2020
obconic, or urceolate, 2–15+ mm diam. Phyllaries 0 (then outer paleae functioning as phyllaries, in L. discoidea), or 3–27 in 1 (–2) series (lanceolate
14 KB (738 words) - 23:38, 29 July 2020
rarely white, (5–) 7–20 mm; filaments connate, tube yellow or maroon to dark purple or black, 0.7–3.6 × 1–3 mm; anthers 3–8.5 mm; pollen-sacs dark maroon
13 KB (1,045 words) - 13:06, 30 July 2020
(sometimes deciduous), 3–8-palmatifid, threadlike, or setaceous; petiole without pulvinus (usually longer than leaflets); leaflets (1 or) 3. Inflorescences terminal
8 KB (453 words) - 12:06, 30 July 2020
Flowers resupinate, white, yellow-green to green, nearly sessile; sepals 1–3-veined; lateral sepals similar, adnate to lip and slightly longer than free
11 KB (532 words) - 05:26, 30 July 2020
clusters. Involucres hemispheric to campanulate, 3–5 (–12) mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, (8–) 12–20+ in 2–3+ series, mostly obovate, unequal to subequal
9 KB (565 words) - 20:44, 29 July 2020
or ovate to ± falcate; blade orbiculate or reniform, unlobed or palmately 3–7 (–9) -lobed or divided, base cordate to truncate, margins crenate to dentate
11 KB (591 words) - 11:29, 30 July 2020
white-hyaline band; blades V-shaped in cross-section when young, widest 0.8–5 mm wide, glabrous. Inflorescences racemose, with (1–) 2–10 spikes; bracts sheathless
9 KB (540 words) - 01:53, 30 July 2020
most of scales in spikelet, much longer than achene; stamens 1–3; styles deciduous, linear, 3-fid. Achenes trigonous. Mostly in cool temperate, alpine, and
10 KB (422 words) - 01:32, 30 July 2020
than leaves. Fruits erect. Seeds rectangular to crescent-shaped, 1.3-3.3 × 1.1-2.3 mm, not ringed on proximal end, ± wing-margined; seed-coats usually lacking
8 KB (562 words) - 08:23, 30 July 2020
(2–5+) in corymbiform arrays. Peduncles mostly 3–30 cm. Involucres campanulate to hemispheric, 6–15 mm diam. Phyllaries 5–13 (–15), distinct or connate
11 KB (916 words) - 23:56, 29 July 2020
Leaves: stipules absent or minute; petiole without pulvinus distally; leaflets 3. Inflorescences terminal or axillary (from distal leaves), racemes (flat-topped);
6 KB (350 words) - 12:06, 30 July 2020
persistent basal rosettes, (0.3–) 0.5–5 (–7) dm, lengths 1–3 (–5) times basal leaves. Leaves: basal rarely ± 2-ranked; cauline (0–) 1–3 (–4); primary leaves pinnate
18 KB (1,094 words) - 13:58, 30 July 2020
1-veined; upper glumes 3-veined; rachillas terminating in a reduced floret; calluses blunt, glabrous; lemmas membranous, lanceolate, 3-5-veined, veins converging
10 KB (965 words) - 03:13, 30 July 2020
lateral anthers, dorsal anther a large subapical staminode; stigma free, 2–3-lobed. Fruits capsules, ellipsoid to oblong-ellipsoid. Primarily temperate
10 KB (452 words) - 05:19, 30 July 2020
in 2–3+ series or subtending all or most disc-florets in subshrubs and shrubs, connate or distinct, phyllary-like, more scarious). Ray-florets 3–35, pistillate
14 KB (819 words) - 23:40, 29 July 2020
(0.7–) 1–3 (–3.2) mm, (apex rounded); filaments 1.7–2.2 mm; anthers oblong, 0.3–0.5 mm. Fruits oval-elliptic, oblongelliptic, oblong, or oblong-lanceoloid
9 KB (931 words) - 12:30, 30 July 2020
pubescence, 2 (3) -veined, not keeled over the veins, flat between the veins, veins terminating near the apices, apices often pinched; anthers 3, 0.6-5 mm, sometimes
13 KB (1,054 words) - 02:48, 30 July 2020
alabamensis, S. jonesii, S. rubra), longer or shorter than pitcher; bracts 3, usually appressed or adjacent to sepals, clasping, spreading or arched, ovate-triangular
17 KB (1,184 words) - 13:09, 30 July 2020
sometimes campanulate to obconic, 5–25+ mm diam. (excluding phyllary apices). Phyllaries (persistent) 25–100+ in (3–) 4–9+ series, 1-nerved or obscurely so
23 KB (1,525 words) - 22:29, 29 July 2020
sometimes at base of each pouch, conspicuous, pouches 3, ± prominent, divergent, saccate, 2–7 × 3–7 mm, (33–) 60–75 (–90) % as long as beak; teeth erect,
11 KB (712 words) - 18:50, 29 July 2020
ovary 1/2-inferior to inferior, 3 (–4) -locular; styles 3, connate proximally. Fruits capsules, sometimes tardily dehiscent, 3-locular. North America, Mexico
9 KB (403 words) - 18:13, 29 July 2020
(–4.9) mm; petals oblanceolate to oval or obovate to elliptic, (5.7–) 9.5–14 (–18.8) × (2.2–) 3.3–5.2 (–6.6) mm; stamens (10–) 15–21 (–22); styles (3 or)
9 KB (824 words) - 13:48, 30 July 2020
blade 2–7 × 1–3 mm, (subequal or adaxial pair distinctly longer, more recurved), margins crisped, claw 5–13 mm, wider than blade; stamens in 3 unequal pairs;
11 KB (834 words) - 12:00, 30 July 2020
sometimes suborbiculate, (2–) 3–6 (–7) cm, thin to subcoriaceous, base cuneate to truncate, sometimes cordate or rounded, lobes (1–) 3 or 4 per side, sinuses
12 KB (981 words) - 14:43, 30 July 2020
dark-brown, redbrown, or blackish brown, shiny, slender to stout, 2–5 (–7) cm. Leaves: petiole 1–3 cm, glabrous or sparsely hairy young, eglandular or glandular
14 KB (936 words) - 14:35, 30 July 2020
branched; axillary hyaline nodules present or absent, when present composed of 1–3 enlarged, bulging, hyaline cells arranged linearly (larger, multicellular,
33 KB (1,761 words) - 06:53, 30 July 2020
or short pedicellate in 3–25-flowered umbellate clusters in axils or forks of branches; bracts persistent, not accrescent, 1–3 beneath each flower, distinct
11 KB (518 words) - 09:32, 30 July 2020
brownish at maturity or on drying, toothed or lobed, petiole shorter, lobes 3–7 (–11), often shallow. Inflorescences terminal, multiflowered, cymes, much-branched;
18 KB (1,235 words) - 14:11, 30 July 2020
mostly campanulate or turbinate to hemispheric, 11–30+ mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 8–20+ in 2–3+ series (subequal to unequal, outer equaling or surpassing
13 KB (768 words) - 23:05, 29 July 2020
in A. von Humboldt et al. in A. von Humboldt et al., Nov. Gen. Sp. 3(fol.): 215. , 3(qto.): 275. , plate 257. 1819, name conserved ,. Bruce A. Sorrie, Alan
10 KB (580 words) - 12:53, 30 July 2020
not; perianth campanulate; tepals 4–5, connate 1/4–2/3 their length; stamens 5–8; styles deciduous, 2–3, included or exserted (exserted syles and stamens
12 KB (760 words) - 10:11, 30 July 2020
teeth single, well defined, 3–7 (–8) mm, 1–3 cm apart; apical spine dark-brown to gray, subulate or acicular, 1.5–4 cm. Scape (2–) 3–6 m. Inflorescences broadly
8 KB (569 words) - 06:13, 30 July 2020
aromatic; taproot slender or stout, not fusiform or fleshy. Stems (0.1–) 0.2–2.5 (–3) dm. Basal leaves planar or loosely to tightly cylindric; stipules present;
13 KB (1,038 words) - 14:03, 30 July 2020
spreading, glands sparse to abundant, sometimes absent; leaflets 3–5 (–7) (usually more than 3 on at least some leaves), usually at tip, sometimes to distal
16 KB (1,082 words) - 14:02, 30 July 2020
cylindric or turbinate to hemispheric, 3–15+ mm diam. Phyllaries persistent or falling (in fruit), 8–14 in 2–3 series (erect in flowering, reflexed in
10 KB (644 words) - 00:02, 30 July 2020
1–) 0.4–3.2 (–4.5) dm. Basal leaves: petiole 0.4–7.3 cm; blade linear, oblong, oblanceolate, ovate, obovate, or spatulate, 0.4–3 cm × 2–20 mm, base cuneate
10 KB (918 words) - 12:35, 30 July 2020
stamens 1–3; styles slender, (2–) 3-fid, glabrous, base enlarged, persistent in fruit. Achenes trigonous or 3-lobed, rarely biconvex, usually 3-ribbed. Mostly
10 KB (485 words) - 01:32, 30 July 2020
differs from C. diffusa in having smaller involucres (6–7 mm versus 7–10 mm; 3.5 mm versus 4–5 mm diameter), and purple versus pink flowers). Examination
21 KB (1,712 words) - 15:30, 15 December 2020
contracted; disarticulation above the glumes, beneath the florets. Spikelets 3-9 mm, with 2 (3) florets in all or almost all spikelets, florets usually bisexual,
13 KB (1,214 words) - 03:28, 30 July 2020
ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 1–2.5 mm, deeply 2-fid, terminal segments 6. Capsules 3.5–6 × 4–5 mm, smooth; columella 3-angled. Seeds 3–4 × 2–2.5 mm, shiny
10 KB (534 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
opposite sepals, 0.3 × 0.15–0.2 mm. Capsules 3.5–6 mm, glabrous. Seeds reddish-brown to black, broadly ellipsoid to ovoid, 1.4–3 mm, tuberculate; tubercles
10 KB (805 words) - 10:12, 30 July 2020
linearlanceolate to ovate, 2–9 × 1–3 mm, widest above base, width sometimes exceeding stem diam.; petiole 0.6–3 (–9) cm, 1/2–3 times as long as blade, apex often
12 KB (722 words) - 11:33, 30 July 2020
on each lobe, inflated, lobes 3, pouches gradually (to abruptly) widened, 4–6 mm wide, 2–3 mm deep, deeper than tall, 3–7 mm, 80–100% as long as beak; teeth
11 KB (769 words) - 18:52, 29 July 2020
apices; lodicules absent or minute; anthers 3. Caryopses ellipsoid, broadly ovoid or spheroid; embryos usually 0.7-0.9 times as long as the caryopses. x =
20 KB (1,801 words) - 03:59, 30 July 2020
other species). Flowers bisexual; perianth segments absent or 1 (–3), scalelike; stamens 1–3 (–5); ovary superior; stigmas and styles 2. Fruiting structures:
17 KB (1,353 words) - 09:33, 30 July 2020
scalelike, 1–3 (–5) mm. Peduncles absent or erect, 0.3–3 cm, tomentose to floccose or glabrous. Involucres 1 per node or 3–7 (–9) per cluster, turbinate
15 KB (1,197 words) - 10:31, 30 July 2020
1.5–3 mm, claw not distinct. Fruits (4-angled or 8-ribbed), cylindrical, 12–29 × 3–9 mm; proximal segment terete, (5–10 mm); terminal segment fusiform to
5 KB (728 words) - 12:20, 30 July 2020
campanulate to cylindro-campanulate or urceolate to cylindric, 8–40 mm diam. Phyllaries 7–25 in 2 (–3) series, weakly coherent proximally in buds (interlocking folded
28 KB (2,401 words) - 20:10, 29 July 2020
stigmas 3. Capsules 3-beaked. Seeds (50–200), usually dark-brown, ovoid, smooth, wrinkled, or tuberculate. x = 7. w North America Tellima R. Brown [unranked]
11 KB (517 words) - 12:55, 30 July 2020
dried, 2–8 (–15) cm, bearing tubers (3–) 6–11 mm diam. Culms trigonous, 15–60 (–100) cm × 0.6–3.4 mm, glabrous. Leaves 3–7, flat to V-shaped or flanged V-shaped
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or recurved after flowering, (1.3–) 2–3 (–3.9) mm; petals spatulate to oblong, (2.2–) 3–4.5 (–6.8) × (0.6–) 1–2 (–3) mm, sometimes bearing 1 or 2 tiny pollen-sacs
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lateral tepals 0.7–2 mm, andropodial tepals 0.1–1.1 mm; andropodium 0.1–3.3 mm, 0.7–4.3 mm in anthesis; filaments 0.2–0.9 mm, 0.3–2 mm in anthesis; anthers
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glabrous, without veins, flat; lodicules 2 or 3, if 3, the third somewhat shorter than the other 2; anthers 1 or 3, if 3, often of 2 lengths, penicillate; ovaries
14 KB (1,340 words) - 02:49, 30 July 2020
(–160) mm; petals obovate or obcordate. Capsules usually straight, rarely curved (O. argillicola), narrowly lanceoloid or ovoid, bluntly 4-angled, (3–) 4–8
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2–0.3 mm, glabrous or hairy; petiole 0.3–1 mm, glabrous or hairy; blade narrowly to broadly deltate, cordate, or reniform, 2–5 (–7) × 1–4.5 (–5) mm, base
10 KB (665 words) - 18:26, 29 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 140. Mentioned on page 7, 8, 105, 126. Herbs, annual, winter-annual, or perennial, often cespitose or
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glabrous. Roots few, fibrous, 0.3–1 mm wide. Stems swollen at base into pseudobulb, ± globose, glabrous. Leaves 1–3 (–5), with sheathing base; blade elliptic
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styles and stigmas, forming gynostemium; ovary inferior, 3-locular, 5-locular, or 6-locular; styles 3, 5, or 6, connate in column. Capsule dry, dehiscent.
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Heads radiate, borne singly or (3–6) in clusters or glomerules. Involucres cylindric to campanulate, (2–11.5 ×) 0.8–7.5 mm. Phyllaries 4–40 in 2–4 series
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present. Fruits achenes, 1-locular; achene body discoid, strongly flattened, 3-7 times as wide as thick, not prolonged beyond seed; wall thick, spiny, tuberculate
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irregularly rounded, 4–7 mm diam.; bracts absent. Flowers: perianth segments 5, distinct nearly to base; lobes ovate to deltate, 0.7–1.5 × 0.7–1.3 mm, apex obtuse
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unisexual; sepals 0; petals 0. Staminate flowers solitary; stamen 1, anthers [3 or] 4-locular, filaments glabrous; staminode 0. Pistillate flowers usually
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rarely in 3 series (shorter, outer setiform scales rarely present, inner weakly, if at all, clavate, moderately so in S. odora). North America Species 7 (7 in
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stamens 5; staminodes 0; pistil 2–3-carpellate, ovary 4-locular or 6-locular by intrusion of incomplete false septa; styles 2–3, distinct; stigmas minute, linear
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Heads discoid, (1–3) in distil axils or (3–8) in corymbiform clusters. Calyculi 0. Involucres turbinate to cylindric or hemispheric, 3–10+ mm diam. Phyllaries
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usually free from costae, round to elongate or spatulate, usually less than 4 mm wide, base rounded, truncate, or cuneate; stalks (when present) often lustrous
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rarely, 1–2 raylike florets). Receptacles epaleate, glabrous. Pappi 0. Florets: 3–20, bisexual, fertile; corollas (pale-yellow) funnelform. North America, nw
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awns 3-23 cm, scabrous, distal lemmas unawned or awned, awns to 2 cm; paleas hyaline-membranous, splitting at maturity in diploid taxa; anthers 3. Caryopses
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flowering, (0.3–) 1.8–3.1 (–4.6) mm; petals linear, elliptic, or oblong, (4–) 6–10.2 (–15) × (1.8–) 2.6–4 (–5.3) mm; stamens (15–) 19–21 (–28); styles (3–) 5 (or
10 KB (925 words) - 13:48, 30 July 2020
broadly lanceolate (at least at base), 3–10 mm, apex acute, surfaces hairy or finely glandular-hairy. Pedicels 3–10 mm, sparsely hairy to finely glandular-hairy
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V-shaped in cross-section when young, glabrous. Inflorescences racemose with (2–) 3–9 spikes; proximal bracts filiform or leaflike, sheathless; lateral spikes
9 KB (556 words) - 01:53, 30 July 2020
tube), lobes loosely ascending to recurved (not cucullate), abaxial lobes 3, adaxial 2; stamens 4, didynamous, included, filaments glabrous or pubescent
22 KB (1,669 words) - 19:24, 29 July 2020
(outermost, when present, 0.1–1 mm, outer distally attenuate, 3–7 mm, inner distally clavate, 3–8 mm). x = 9. w, e North America Species 5 (5 in the flora).
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dehiscence; usually pedicellate. Seeds 4–50+, in 1 row per locule, ovoid. = 7. w North America, nw Mexico, w South America Species 9 (8 in the flora). Gayophytum
14 KB (1,072 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
lanceolate; style-branch (linear) appendages lanceolate (0.3–1.3 mm) or truncate-penicillate (0.1–0.4 mm). Cypselae (white to tan or mottled purple-brown) cuneiform
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calyx, 1.5–3 mm, 15–25% as long as beak; teeth ascending, green, 0.5–2 mm. 2n = 48, 72, 96. Generated Map Legacy Map Calif., nw Mexico Varieties 3 (3 in the
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scabrous, glabrous or hairy at midlength; anthers (1, 2) 3, usually 0.1-1.1 (1.8) mm, sometimes 1.5-3 mm and then sometimes aborting late in development. Poa
10 KB (1,113 words) - 03:19, 30 July 2020
smooth, terete, 4-angled, or latiseptate; (terminal segment seedless or 1–3-seeded, usually filiform or conic, rarely cylindrical); valves each prominently
13 KB (952 words) - 12:20, 30 July 2020
epaleate, glabrous. Florets: peripheral 1–25 pistillate and fertile; central 3–32 functionally staminate (not setting fruits); corollas subglobose. North
6 KB (438 words) - 20:45, 29 July 2020
elliptic to lanceolate, strongly laterally compressed, with 3-12 florets. Lower glumes 3-7 (9) -veined; upper glumes 5-9 (11) -veined; lemmas lanceolate
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(–6) mm; petals linear to narrowly spatulate, (8–) 10.7–16.1 (–20) × (2–) 3.5–5.6 (–7) mm; stamens (16–) 19–21 (–24); styles (4 or) 5, (1.6–) 2.5–3.4 (–4
9 KB (881 words) - 13:48, 30 July 2020
keels ciliate; anthers 3, 1.5-4 mm, not penicillate; ovaries with pubescent apices. Caryopses lanceolate to lanceolate-ovate, x = 7. Haplomes B, C, D, S
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septicidal, or septifragal, or indehiscent and splitting irregularly. Seeds 3–250 (–1400), usually brown (wine in Punica) [black, red], narrowly obovoid
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1–2 empty. Flowers bisexual; perianth absent; stamens 1–3; styles flattened or subterete, 2–3-fid, base enlarged, deciduous. Achenes biconvex or trigonous
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wide-lanceolate to oblong or ovate, 3–8 (–12) × 1–3.5 (–5) mm, often hairy to ciliate; petioles of proximalmost leaves (5–) 6–15 (–30) cm, 3–9 times as long as blades
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pinkish lavender; stamens 5, usually connate basally; gynoecium 3-carpellate; styles 3, deeply bifid; stigma capitate. Capsules obovoid, splitting between
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few-toothed. Inflorescences terminal and/or axillary, on current-years stems; 3-7-flowered bracteate cymes or flowers solitary or paired, peduncles bracteate
13 KB (470 words) - 08:24, 30 July 2020