(1.3–) 2.2–3.3 (–4.3) mm; petals linear to oblanceolate, (5.2–) 6.7–9.1 (–12.2) × (1.7–) 2.4–3.5 (–4.6) mm; stamens (7–) 12–19 (–21); styles 2–4 (or 5)
8 KB (738 words) - 13:48, 30 July 2020
Flowers: sepals 1.2–2.5 × 0.6–1 mm, sparsely to densely pubescent; petals (2.5–) 3–4 (–4.5) × (0.8–) 1–1.5 mm; filaments 2–2.5 mm; anthers 0.4–0.5 mm. Fruits
8 KB (834 words) - 12:22, 30 July 2020
puberulent, lobes obtuse, 0.9–1.3 × 1.4–1.8 mm; nectary weakly 10-lobed or ribbed; stamens 2.6–3.6 mm; filaments 2.3–3.4 mm, villous; anthers ovoid, 1–1
11 KB (863 words) - 13:11, 30 July 2020
rounded; distal ligules 1–3 mm; blades (2–) 3–5 per fertile culm, 4–15 cm × 2–3 mm. Inflorescences open, orangebrown or greenish, 2.5–4 cm × 13–15 mm; proximal
7 KB (688 words) - 01:57, 30 July 2020
fruit, 0.3–3 (–6) cm, proximal usually much longer than distal. Flowers 5-merous; hypanthium 2–7 mm diam.; petals yellow, ± obcordate, (3–) 4–10 mm, usually
14 KB (983 words) - 13:57, 30 July 2020
persistent basal rosettes, (0.3–) 0.5–5 (–7) dm, lengths 1–3 (–5) times basal leaves. Leaves: basal rarely ± 2-ranked; cauline (0–) 1–3 (–4); primary leaves pinnate
18 KB (1,094 words) - 13:58, 30 July 2020
± petiolulate, distal 2/3–3/4 of margins evenly to unevenly incised 1/5–3/4 to midvein, sometimes deeply lobed as well, teeth 2–9 per side (some secondarily
8 KB (747 words) - 13:59, 30 July 2020
to 2 m. Leaves in 2–5 whorls, 3–16 leaves per whorl or partial whorls, horizontal and drooping at tips to ascending, 5.4–10.9 × 1.3–2.8 cm, 2.9–5.4 times
6 KB (915 words) - 05:43, 30 July 2020
perianth-tube green, (0.8–) 1–2 (–2.1) cm, increasing in diam., less than 1/4 perianth length, ca. 1/2 (1/3–2/3) filament length, ca. 1/2 (1/3–3/4) spathe length; tepals
5 KB (504 words) - 05:58, 30 July 2020
0–0.2 mm, entire. Staminate flowers 10–20. Pistillate flowers: ovary glabrous; styles 0.4–0.8 mm, 2-fid at apex. Capsules globose, 2.3–3.4 × 3.5–4.2 mm
9 KB (658 words) - 18:30, 29 July 2020
sepals; filaments white, 0.1–0.2 mm; anthers 0.3–0.5 × 0.2–0.3 mm; ovary ca. 2/3–3/4 inferior; styles divergent, flattened, 0.1–0.2 mm; stigmas unlobed. Seeds
10 KB (778 words) - 12:58, 30 July 2020
ovoid, 2.7–10 × 4.4–13.4 cm, 0.2–0.9 (–1.4) times taller than long; scales unsegmented or notched with 2 (–3) poorly defined segments, sometimes 2-segmented
9 KB (798 words) - 05:43, 30 July 2020
longitudinal grooves; internodes 2–6 cm. Terminal buds conic, 1–4 mm, apex acute. Leaves in whorls of 3, 2–6 mm, connate to 2/3–3/4 their length; bases splitting
7 KB (419 words) - 00:29, 30 July 2020
(0.3–) 0.5–2 (–3.5) × (0.2–) 0.3–0.8 (–1) cm, distal 1/4 to whole margin unevenly to pinnately (at least distal leaflets of var. ovina) incised 1/2–3/4+
11 KB (936 words) - 13:58, 30 July 2020
6–25 cm, 0.3–0.5 mm wide near base. Spike 7–20 × 3.5–6 mm, staminate portion 4–12 mm. Longest pistillate scales 2.2–3.3 (–4) × 1.8–2.5 (–4) mm, often shorter
4 KB (509 words) - 01:25, 30 July 2020
recurved after flowering, (2.6–) 3.3–4.3 (–5.3) mm; petals obovate to oblanceolate, (10.8–) 13.3–20.1 (–23.2) × (2.3–) 3.3–6.3 (–7.5) mm; stamens (14–) 18–20
8 KB (666 words) - 13:48, 30 July 2020
obovate, (1.5–) 2–9 (–11) × (0.7–) 1.5–4 cm, margins flat to revolute, distal (2/3–) 3/4 to nearly whole length evenly to unevenly incised 1/4–3/4+ to midvein
13 KB (1,201 words) - 13:57, 30 July 2020
branchlets, 4–7 mm. Leaves: petiole round distally, (1–) 4–8 (–12) cm, 1/2 blade length, (tomentose to glabrate); blade ovate, (3.5–) 9–20 (–24) × (3.5–) 7.5–12
9 KB (594 words) - 12:06, 30 July 2020
branched distally, (0.3–) 0.6–2.5 (–3.5) dm. Basal leaves rosulate; petiole (1–) 2–5 (–5.8) cm; blade 1-pinnatisect or 2-pinnatisect, (3–) 4–10 (–15) cm, margins
8 KB (741 words) - 12:33, 30 July 2020
hairy between ribs 2/3–3/4 of length, sometimes glabrescent; sepals connivent, 0.2 mm, long-ciliate. Fruits (0.9–) 1.4–1.6 (–1.7) mm. 2n = 16. Phenology:
7 KB (648 words) - 14:13, 30 July 2020
white proximally, 19–23 cm. Capsules subglobose, ca. 3 × 3 cm. Seeds obovoid, 1.8–2.4 × 1.4–1.8 cm. 2n = 46, 70. Phenology: Flowering summer. Habitat: Coastal
8 KB (578 words) - 05:58, 30 July 2020
obovate, 1–2.5 (–3) × 0.3–1.3 (–1.8) cm, distal (1/2–) 2/3–3/4 (rarely more) of margin incised ± 1/2 to midvein, teeth (1–) 2–9 per side, 1–4 mm, surfaces
11 KB (1,061 words) - 13:57, 30 July 2020
0.8–2 mm, weak to ± stiff, glands sparse to common; leaflets 3, central obovate to broadly obovate, 0.5–2.5 (–2.8) × 0.3–2 (–2.2) cm, petiolule 0–3 mm,
9 KB (940 words) - 14:00, 30 July 2020
8) 1.2-1.8 (3) mm, 0.1-0.4 times as long as the lemmas, abundant; lemmas (3.5) 4-4.5 (6) mm, (0.5) 1-2.5 (4.5) mm shorter than the glumes; awns (5.4) 7-11
10 KB (1,109 words) - 02:36, 30 July 2020
less than 1/3 perianth length, ca. 1/2 (1/3–3/4) filament length, less than 1/2 spathe length; tepals rarely reflexed; stamens diverging, in 2 distinctly
5 KB (526 words) - 05:58, 30 July 2020
or lanceovoid, (5.8–) 6.2–7.6 (–8) × 1.4–2 mm, tightly enveloping achenes, apex gradually tapering; beak (2.5–) 2.7–3.7 (–4.3) mm, scabrous. Stigmas filiform
7 KB (632 words) - 01:25, 30 July 2020
oblong, 2.3–4 × 0.8–2.1 mm, (subequal); petals lavender apically, spatulate, (2.7–) 3.3–4.5 × (0.5–) 1–1.5 (–1.7) mm, (equal); filaments (1.7–) 2–2.8 (–3
7 KB (728 words) - 12:32, 30 July 2020
blade obovate, claw slender, ca. 4-5 mm; nectariferous spur clavate, 2/3-3/4 length of petal spur; style ca. 2 mm; stigma 4-lobed, rhomboid, narrower toward
7 KB (483 words) - 08:26, 30 July 2020
Ray-florets 4–5; corollas 3.4–4.2 × 1.7–2.2 mm. Disc-florets 8–15. Cypselae 1.7–2.3 mm, hairs moderately wavy; pappi usually of 2–4 scales 1.2–2 mm, sometimes
4 KB (560 words) - 22:37, 29 July 2020
1/2 their lengths, light to deep pink or white, 3–5 × 2–3.5 mm, glabrous; stamens 5; filaments 2–3 mm; style 0.5–0.8 mm. Capsules 2–3-locular, 3–4 × 3–4
7 KB (596 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
glabrous; beak 0.4–2.5 (–2.8) mm, with abaxial suture usually nearly closed, margins entire or serrulate, apex entire to shortly bidentate. Stigmas 2. Achenes
9 KB (556 words) - 01:53, 30 July 2020
decumbent, 0.4–2 (–3) dm, lengths 1–2 times basal leaves. Basal leaves pinnate with distal leaflets ± confluent, 2–15 (–20) × 1–3 cm; petiole 0.5–2 (–3) cm, straight
11 KB (925 words) - 13:58, 30 July 2020
1–5 (–6) × 0.3–1.5 cm, distal (2/3–) 3/4 to whole margin incised 1/2 or less (rarely more) to midvein, teeth (5–) 7–12 (–18) per side, 1–4 mm, surfaces
12 KB (1,128 words) - 13:57, 30 July 2020
(–3) × 0.3–1 cm, ± whole margin incised 1/2–2/3 (–3/4) to midvein, teeth (2–) 4–9 per side, usually touching to strongly overlapping, sometimes separate
9 KB (997 words) - 13:57, 30 July 2020
7) 1.3-2.3 (3.4) mm; stamens 2, filaments not dilated at the base; anthers (1.5) 2.2-4.2 mm, orange to brown; styles 0.5-3.4 mm; stigmas 2.8-5.2 (8.3) mm
5 KB (930 words) - 04:22, 30 July 2020
lanceolate-ovate to ovate, unlobed, 3.5–10.5 × 1.5–4 cm, base rounded to cuneate, margins coarsely serrate in distal 2/3–3/4, apex acute to short-acuminate
9 KB (660 words) - 11:27, 30 July 2020
(8.3–) 10.5–13.5 (–15) × 1.5–2.4 mm, 4–7 times as long as wide, apex tapered to bidentulate; beak absent. Achenes 2.3–3.4 (–3.8) × 1.8–2.4 mm, 1.3–1.8
7 KB (650 words) - 02:17, 30 July 2020
linear, 4–14 × 0.5–2 mm, inner lanceolate-ovate, 0.8–3 × 0.8–2 mm. Paleae 2.3–3.5 × 0.5–3 mm, resin-glands oval-oblanceolate, 0.6–1.5 mm. Ray-florets 4–12;
8 KB (786 words) - 22:55, 29 July 2020
callose, tooth absent. Spikelets ovoid, 4–9 × 2.5–4 mm, apex acute; proximal scale clasping 2/3–3/4 of culm, apex 2-fid; subproximal scale empty or with a
8 KB (678 words) - 01:27, 30 July 2020
5-7-veined; lemmas 5-8.4 mm, 7-veined, papillose to scabrous, apices appearing constricted, 2-4-toothed, awned from the upper 2/3 - 3/4 of the lemmas, awns
7 KB (906 words) - 03:34, 30 July 2020
Leaves: petiole (2–) 2.3–3.5 (–4.5) cm; blade ovate, elliptic, or slightly obovate (widest at or near midpoint), (5–) 11–13 (–15) × (3–) 5–7 (–9) cm, base
6 KB (458 words) - 13:09, 30 July 2020
5–) 1–2 (–3.5) cm, distal 1/4–1/2 (–3/4) of margin unevenly to pinnately incised 1/2–2/3 (–3/4) to midvein, teeth 2–5 (–7), ovate to oblong, 1–7 × 1–2 mm
6 KB (983 words) - 13:58, 30 July 2020
obovate, 2–2.2 × 0.8–1.1 mm, margins flat; hypanthium 2.5–3.5 mm diam.; sepals 2.2–2.5 mm, apex broadly acute to obtuse; petals pale-yellow, 3–3.5 × 3–3.5 mm;
8 KB (848 words) - 14:01, 30 July 2020
not pronounced; lower glumes 2.7-3.3 mm, (1/2) 2/3 - 3/4 as long as the spikelets, 3-veined, mostly glabrous but often with 1-3 conspicuous, stiff hairs emanating
8 KB (923 words) - 04:11, 30 July 2020
5–) 1.5–2.5 (–3) × (0.5–) 1.5–2.6 (–3.2) cm, sessile to subsessile, base cuneate to rounded, margins revolute, distal 1/2–2/3 (–3/4) incised 1/4–1/2 to midvein
10 KB (1,004 words) - 14:02, 30 July 2020
6–10 × 4–5 mm; pedicel 5–8 mm; floral-tube 1.2–3 × 3–4.6 mm, ring of spreading hairs at mouth inside; sepals greenish cream, lanceolate, 10–12 × 3–3.5 mm
11 KB (1,045 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
acuminate, awned, awns 0.5-4 mm, straight; paleas 2.2-3.1 (3.4) mm, lanceolate, intercostal region shortly pilose on the lower 1/2, apices acuminate; anthers
8 KB (919 words) - 04:38, 30 July 2020
5–) 1–2 (–3) × (0.4–) 0.8–1.5 (–2) cm, sessile or subsessile, base cuneate, margins revolute, distal (1/3–) 1/2–2/3 (–3/4) incised 1/2–2/3 (–3/4) to midvein
11 KB (1,059 words) - 14:02, 30 July 2020
midvein not winged, laterally 2–3 (–4) -veined, ovate, (1.8–) 2.2–3.1 (–3.4) × 1–1.7 mm; stamens 2; anthers elliptic, (0.2–) 0.3–0.4 mm; style 0.5–0.8 mm; stigmas
7 KB (500 words) - 01:39, 30 July 2020
acuminate; callus hairs (2) 3-3.5 (4.7) mm, (0.6) 0.8-1 (1.2) times as long as the lemmas, abundant; lemmas (2.5) 3-4 (5) mm, 0.3-1.5 (2.3) mm shorter than the
10 KB (1,160 words) - 02:38, 30 July 2020
biconvex, (2.6–) 3.3–4 (–4.6) × (1.2–) 1.4–1.6 (–2) mm, 0.6–0.7 mm thick, 2.1–2.7 times as long as wide, margin flat, including wing 0.1–0.3 (–0.4) mm wide
8 KB (728 words) - 01:55, 30 July 2020
base, 2-4 × 1-3 mm, glabrous; petals 5-6, 4-6 × 2-4 mm; nectary scales glabrous. Heads of achenes hemispheric, 2-3 × 3-4 mm; achenes 1.2-2 × 1.2-1.4 mm,
5 KB (487 words) - 08:37, 30 July 2020
(persistent, petioles 2/3–3/4 leaf lengths); blades (greenish) narrowly oblanceolate to oblanceolate-spatulate, (5–) 10–40 × 2–4 mm, margins entire (apices
5 KB (552 words) - 22:05, 29 July 2020
broadly oblanceolate, 1–6 (–9) × 0.5–2 cm, distal 2/3–3/4+ of margin incised 1/4–1/3 (–1/2) to midvein, teeth (4–) 6–10 (–13) per side, surfaces ± similar
8 KB (823 words) - 13:56, 30 July 2020
from a thick, fleshy taproot. Leaves in a basal rosette, 2.6–4.2 (–6.2) × 1.4–4.2 cm; petiole 2.5–9 (–11.5) cm; blade usually oblanceolate to obovate, sometimes
8 KB (803 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
stipitate-glandular; blade pentagonal, irregularly 5-lobed, cleft 2/3–3/4 to midrib, (0.5–) 1–3.5 (–4) cm, base cordate, surfaces densely pubescent or stipitate-glandular
9 KB (520 words) - 13:02, 30 July 2020
3–4.5 (–5.4) mm. Pistillate scales 3.3–11.1 (–17.9) × 2–2.8 mm, margins entire, whitish, apex with awn 0.2–8.3 (–13.7) mm. Staminate scales 4.2–5.7 × 1.2–1
9 KB (697 words) - 02:09, 30 July 2020
suckering; rosettes solitary or sparingly cespitose, 2–3.5 × 3–4 dm. Leaves spreading, 13–31 × 2–3.2 cm; blade dark green, without budprints, linearlanceolate
7 KB (565 words) - 06:13, 30 July 2020
spreading, oblong, 2.5–4.5 × 0.9–1.5 mm; petals often erect, white, oblanceolate, 3.7–6.4 × 1–2 (–2.5) mm, claw white or pale-yellow, 1.3–2.5 mm, apex obtuse
6 KB (694 words) - 12:25, 30 July 2020
minutely apiculate; keel 2.3–3.5 (–4) mm, crest 2-parted, with2–4 lobes on each side. Capsules subglobose or ellipsoid, 1.5–2.3 × 1–2 mm, margins not winged
7 KB (614 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
ovary glabrous; styles 0.7–1 mm, 2-fid at apex. Capsules oblate to subglobose, 2.9–3.2 × 3.2–3.4 mm, glabrous; columella 2.8–3.1 mm. Seeds light gray to whitish
7 KB (549 words) - 18:27, 29 July 2020
parallel, (1.3–) 2–3.3 cm × 4–5 mm; valves glabrous; ovules 8–12 per ovary; style 0.05–0.4 mm. Seeds uniseriate, 3–5 × 2.5–4.5 mm; wing continuous, 0.8–2 mm wide
7 KB (727 words) - 12:18, 30 July 2020
persistent basal rosettes, 0.2–2.5 (–4.5) dm, lengths 1.5–5 times basal leaves. Leaves: basal rarely 2-ranked; cauline 0–2 (–3); primary leaves usually ternate
21 KB (1,382 words) - 14:01, 30 July 2020
unilateralis, Carex vexans, Carex wootonii, Carex xerantica Kunth Enum. Pl. 2: 394. 1837. Joy Mastrogiuseppe, Paul E. Rothrock, A. C. Dibble, A. A. Reznicek
57 KB (937 words) - 01:54, 30 July 2020
subtending sheaths (2.1) 3.1-4.6 (6.7) cm long, (1.7) 3-3.8 (5.6) mm wide; peduncles usually (1) 4-6 (30) mm, with 2-7 rames; rames (0.5) 1.7-2.8 (4.4) cm, sometimes
8 KB (952 words) - 04:26, 30 July 2020
Compositae Adanson Treatment appears in FNA Volume 19. Treatment on page 3. Mentioned on page 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 16, 70. Annuals, biennials, perennials
275 KB (5,940 words) - 15:30, 15 December 2020
side, on distal 1/2–2/3 (–3/4) of leaf axis, ± overlapping, largest ones cuneate-flabellate, 0.5–1.5 (–2.5) × 0.4–2 (–3) cm, distal 1/2 to whole margin unevenly
12 KB (1,195 words) - 13:58, 30 July 2020
0.8–2.5 × 0.6–2 cm, sessile to subsessile, base broadly cuneate, margins revolute, distal 1/2–2/3 (–3/4) incised ± 1/2 to midvein, teeth 2–3 (–4) per
12 KB (1,290 words) - 14:02, 30 July 2020
oblong to ovate, 2–4 (–6) × 0.8–1.3 (–2) mm, lengths ± 3/4 times sepals, margins sometimes revolute; hypanthium 2.5–4 mm diam.; sepals 3–5 mm, apex obtuse
10 KB (996 words) - 14:03, 30 July 2020
separated by 0 (–2) mm, central oblong to obovate, 1.4–2.5 (–5) × 0.6–1.3 (–2) cm, petiolules 1–3 (–5) mm, distal 2/3–3/4 of margin incised 1/2–3/4+ to midvein
10 KB (946 words) - 14:02, 30 July 2020
sometimes doubled, 2–3.5 × 1–1.5 mm; hypanthium 3–4 mm diam.; sepals 4–6 mm, apex ± acute; petals 4–5 (–6) × 3–4 (–5.5) mm; filaments 1–2 mm, anthers 1–1
9 KB (843 words) - 13:58, 30 July 2020
obovate, 1–6 (–10) × 0.7–4 (–5) cm, distal (1/2–) 2/3–3/4+ of margin usually ± evenly incised 1/4–1/3 to midvein, teeth (3–) 4–8 (–15) per side, surfaces
11 KB (1,165 words) - 13:55, 30 July 2020
by 0–2 mm, central broadly elliptic to obovate, 1–1.5 × 0.5–0.9 cm, petiolules 1–2 mm, distal 2/3–3/4 of margin incised 1/2–3/4 to midvein, teeth (2–) 3–4
10 KB (1,087 words) - 14:02, 30 July 2020
ascending, 0.5–2 (–2.5) dm. Basal leaves subpalmate, (2–) 3–8 cm; petiole 1–4 cm, long hairs sparse to abundant, ascending to spreading, 0.5–2.5 mm, weak to
10 KB (933 words) - 14:02, 30 July 2020
sparse; leaflets 2–3 per side, on distal 1/3–1/2 of leaf axis, separate, terminal ones elliptic to obovate, (1.8–) 2–2.5 (–3) × 0.8–1.3 cm, margins revolute
9 KB (933 words) - 14:03, 30 July 2020
distal 1/10–1/4 of leaf axis, ± overlapping, largest ones usually ± obovate, (1–) 1.5–5 (–6) × 1–3.5 (–4) cm, margins flat, distal 2/3–3/4 evenly to unevenly
10 KB (1,124 words) - 13:57, 30 July 2020
obovate, 1.5–4 × 1–2.5 cm, petiolules 0–5 mm, distal 2/3–3/4 of margin incised 1/2–3/4, rarely +, to midvein, teeth (4–) 5–8 per side, 4–5 mm, apical tufts
10 KB (1,029 words) - 14:02, 30 July 2020
ovate-deltate, 2.3–3.5 (–4) × 2.3–3.2 (–3.8) mm, margins entire, apex acuminate, surfaces glabrous; petals 0; filaments yellow or cream, 1.2–2 mm, distinctly
11 KB (936 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
to oblong, (0.3–) 0.4–1.1 × 0.2–0.5 (–0.7) mm, pubescent. Capsules ovoid to broadly ellipsoid, 2.5–4 (–4.5) × (2.1–) 2.3–3.2 (–3.4) mm, base rounded or
9 KB (665 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
narrowly so, (2.6–) 3.3–4.4 × 1.8–2.6 mm, base cuneate, margins with very narrow and even wing, glabrous or sparsely pubescent apically. Seeds 2.3–2.9 mm, pubescent
8 KB (637 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
styles 3–3.5 mm, 2-fid. Capsules globose, 4.5–5.2 × 6–6.8 mm, 3-lobed; cocci rounded, verrucose, sometimes minutely so, glabrous; columella 4–4.8 mm. Seeds
8 KB (613 words) - 18:24, 29 July 2020
divergent, 1–2 mm. Staminate flowers 15–20. Pistillate flowers: ovary glabrous; styles 1–1.8 mm, 2-fid. Capsules depressed-globose, 2.5–3 × 3–4.5 mm, deeply
8 KB (596 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
node, broadly campanulate, 2–3 × (2–) 3–4 (–5) mm, tomentose and densely glandular abaxially; teeth 5–7, erect, 1–1.2 mm. Flowers 4–6 mm; perianth white, densely
8 KB (834 words) - 10:37, 30 July 2020
racemose, with (1–) 3–6 spikes; proximal nonbasal bracts leaflike, long sheathing; lateral spikes pistillate or rarely androgynous, sometimes 1–2 basal, pedunculate
16 KB (695 words) - 02:09, 30 July 2020
major veins; lodicules (0) 2-3, inconspicuous, usually without veins, bases swelling at anthesis; stamens usually 3, sometimes 1 (2) or 6+, filaments capillary
35 KB (1,876 words) - 02:36, 30 July 2020
glabrous; beak flattened-triangular, 0.5–6.4 mm, mostly 2+ mm, at least as long as body, entire at orifice. Stigmas 3. Achenes trigonous, as large as or smaller
10 KB (539 words) - 01:25, 30 July 2020
capsular, usually 2-valved ((3 or) 4 (–6) in Rorippa barbareifolia, (2 or) 4 in Tropidocarpum capparideum), termed siliques if length 3+ times width, or
107 KB (3,718 words) - 12:07, 30 July 2020
distinct; anthers basifixed; pistils 1, 2–3 (–4) -carpellate, fused, locule 1; style undivided or branches 2–3 (–4); stigma sometimes papillate. Fruits achenes
24 KB (775 words) - 01:21, 30 July 2020
Strother Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 3. Mentioned on page 4, 32, 33, 38, 40, 41, 42, 63, 64, 135. Annuals, biennials, perennials
30 KB (1,803 words) - 22:30, 29 July 2020
yellow, sometimes white, ochroleucous, or cyanic, actinomorphic, not 2-lipped, lobes (4–) 5; anther bases obtuse or rounded, not tailed, apical appendages
79 KB (1,886 words) - 20:55, 29 July 2020
paleas 2-keeled, from shorter than to longer than the lemmas, sometimes absent or minute; lodicules 2, membranous, not or weakly veined; anthers 3; ovaries
45 KB (1,179 words) - 03:07, 30 July 2020
absent; stamens 1–3; styles deciduous or variously persistent, linear, 2–3 (–4) -fid. Achenes biconvex, planoconvex, or trigonous, rarely 4-angled. x = 10
80 KB (3,349 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
prismatic, turbinate, campanulate, urceolate, or funnelform with 3–8 (–36) usually erect teeth or 4–12 spreading to reflexed lobes (teeth and lobes distal portions
21 KB (927 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
equal in 2 whorls of 3, or those of outer whorl narrower, greener, more sepaloid; tepal nectaries often present; stamens 6, rarely 3 or 4, sometimes 3 fertile
29 KB (1,493 words) - 05:37, 30 July 2020
or absent, blade apex entire, notched, or 2 (-4) -fid, sometimes dentate or laciniate; stamens 1-10, in 1 or 2 whorls, arising from base of ovary, nectariferous
29 KB (1,113 words) - 10:14, 30 July 2020
stamens (3–) 4–7 mm; anthers 0.4–1 mm; staminodia present or absent; styles connate nearly to apex, 2–5.7 mm; stigmas green, capitate. Capsules ovoid, 3.2–4
7 KB (564 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
1.5–2 mm; pistillate plants 3–4 × 3–4 mm, teeth 4–5, erect, 2.5–3.5 mm. Flowers: perianth yellow to brownish yellow, glabrous; staminate flowers 2–3 mm
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10–12 × 2–3.1 mm. Cypselae dark-brown, grayish to blackish, bodies oblanceoloid, flattened, (3–) 4–4.5 mm, cones conic, 0.5–0.9 mm, beaks stout, (2–) 3–5 (3/4+
8 KB (719 words) - 20:10, 29 July 2020
anthers (1, 2) 3; ovaries glabrous or sometimes hairy distally, sometimes with an apical appendage; haustorial synergids absent; styles (1) 2 (-4), bases close
17 KB (872 words) - 03:12, 30 July 2020
or ligulate; stamens (1 or) 2–4 or 5, adnate to corolla or free, didynamous or equal, staminodes 0 or 1 (–3); pistil 1, 2-carpellate (1 in Hippuris), ovary
26 KB (1,000 words) - 19:24, 29 July 2020
distal florets; lemmas 1-3-veined or 7-13-veined, rarely 5-veined, if with 7-13 veins, the veins often in 3 groups; lodicules 2, or absent, x = 7, 8, 9
34 KB (1,217 words) - 04:33, 30 July 2020
Mentioned on page 3, 9, 11, 12, 14, 17, 36, 204, 257, 334. Annuals, biennials, or perennials [subshrubs, shrubs, trees], (0.5–) 2–90 (–100) cm (taprooted
97 KB (2,063 words) - 21:58, 29 July 2020
papillate, or denticulate; staminode included to exserted, if included, length 3/4+ times corolla throat. Seeds angled or rounded, rarely angled-elongate, reniform
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sometimes present on pedicels, bracts, or leaf-sheaths; stamens usually 1–2 (–3, if 3 the 3d modified into sterile staminode), all on side opposite lip, fully
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hypogynous; hypanthium absent; sepals 0 or 2–12, distinct or connate basally to most of length; petals 0 or (3–) 5 (–6), distinct or connate; nectary present
24 KB (1,347 words) - 18:25, 29 July 2020
Columbia, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington (key 2, p. 228); Nevada and Utah (key 3, p. 231); Arizona and New Mexico (key 4, p. 237); Alberta, Colorado, Montana,
80 KB (1,352 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
styles 2–3 (–4), distinct or connate (Saxifragopsis); stigmas 2–3 (–4), capitate. Fruits capsular, sometimes folliclelike (Cascadia, Micranthes), 2–3 (–4)
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usually persistent (readily falling), usually in 2–8+ series, distinct, and unequal, sometimes in 1–2 series, distinct, and subequal to equal, usually
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dioecious, [subdioecious]), usually actinomorphic, sometimes zygomorphic, (2–) 4 (–7) -merous; perianth and androecium epigynous; sepals persistent after
19 KB (805 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
of 1–15+ bractlets in 1–3+ series. Phyllaries usually persistent, usually in 3–5+ series, distinct, and unequal, sometimes in 1–2 series, distinct or connate
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Bruce D. Parfitt Common names: Crowfoot Family Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Treatment on page 85. Herbs, sometimes woody or herbaceous climbers or low
13 KB (392 words) - 08:32, 30 July 2020
bractlets in 1 (–2+) series. Phyllaries persistent or falling, usually in 1–2 series, usually distinct, equal to subequal, and herbaceous, rarely in 3–5+ series
23 KB (1,021 words) - 21:10, 29 July 2020
Vaccinioideae); hypanthium absent; sepals absent or (2–) 4–5 (–7), distinct or connate basally; petals (2–) 4–5 (–8), rarely absent or highly reduced, connate
33 KB (1,383 words) - 13:10, 30 July 2020
subrotate, or curved; stamens (2 or) 4, adnate to corolla-tube, didynamous, subequal, or equal, staminodes 0 or 2; pistil 1, 2 [or 3] -carpellate, ovary superior
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papillae usually continuous, sometimes none, rarely in 2 lines. Cypselae obpyramidal or prismatic (3–4-angled), or terete to ovoid, or strongly compressed
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sepals [3–] 4–5 (–8), distinct, valvate; petals 0 or [3–] 4–5 (–8), distinct; nectary present, intrastaminal, sometimes lining hypanthium; stamens [3–] 4–5
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sometimes present in staminate flowers of monoecious or dioecious taxa), (2–) 3 (–4) -carpellate, homostylous (heterostylous in some species of Fagopyrum and
23 KB (1,508 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
(glabrous); anthers ovate or oblong, (not apiculate); nectar glands (1, 2, or 4), distinct or confluent, subtending bases of stamens, median glands present
85 KB (2,094 words) - 12:08, 30 July 2020
sometimes forming staminal tube, free or adnate to perianth-tube; pistils (2–) 3 (–4) -carpellate; ovary 1-locular (sometimes with vestigial partitions proximally);
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Horkeliella, Ivesia, Potentilla, Sibbaldia, Sibbaldiopsis Sweet Brit. Fl. Gard. 2: sub plate 124. 1825. Luc Brouillet Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment
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syncarpous, ovary superior, 3–40-carpellate; styles 1, branched or unbranched; stigmas truncate, capitate, linear, or filiform, 1–2 times number of carpels
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rarely 3-locular (Wilhelmsia); styles (2–) 3–5 (–6), distinct; stigmas (2–) 3–5 (–6). Fruits capsules, or rarely utricles (Scleranthus), opening by (2–) 3–6
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absent. Flowers: floral-tube present or, rarely, absent; sepals 2 or 4 (very rarely 3), deciduous with floral-tube, petals, and stamens; petals yellow
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usually dorsally compressed, varying to terete or laterally compressed, with 2 (3) florets, lower florets staminate, sterile, or reduced, upper florets usually
21 KB (1,188 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
from 2/3 as long as to subequal to the lemmas, distinctly 2-keeled, margins and intercostal regions milky white to slightly greenish; lodicules 2, broadly
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perigynous; hypanthium present; sepals (3–) 4–5 (–12) [–30+], distinct or connate basally (or into tube); petals (3–) 4–5 (–12) [–30+], distinct or connate
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ovary; style 1 per carpel, distinct or connate; stigmas 2–4, truncate, notched-capitate, or 2-lobed or 3-lobed. Fruits capsular, baccate, or drupaceous. Seeds
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protuberances to coalescent as vertical ribs; ribs 2–30 [–40+], if ribs 2, stems winged, if ribs 3 or more, stems ± angled; short-shoots (areoles) positioned
40 KB (1,967 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
Onagraceae (47 spp.), Campanulaceae (2 spp.), Commelinaceae (2 spp.), Clusiaceae (2 spp.), Iridaceae (3 spp.), Paeoniaceae (2 spp.), and Papaveraceae (1 sp.)
26 KB (2,106 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
and androecium hypogynous; sepals (3 or) 4 or 5, proximally connate, calyx radially or bilaterally symmetric; petals 3–5, proximally connate, corolla bilaterally
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hemispheric or broader (2–3+ mm diam.), phyllaries in 2–4 series, pistillate florets in 2–8 series, bisexual florets 10(–30), corollas yellow, 4-lobed, and cypselae
23 KB (1,089 words) - 20:43, 29 July 2020
flowers with 3–5-parted calyx, ebracteate; stamens 3–5. Pistillate flowers lacking perianth, pistil naked, or in few species with (1–) 3–5-lobed perianth
45 KB (1,022 words) - 09:34, 30 July 2020
the wet habitats in which some species grow Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Herbs, annual or perennial, from tuberous roots, caudices, rhizomes, stolons
15 KB (560 words) - 08:33, 30 July 2020
usually as many as and opposite perianth lobes; pistils absent or (1–) 2 (–3); styles 1–3, sometimes with stylopodium; ovary usually superior, half-inferior
21 KB (878 words) - 09:28, 30 July 2020
glabrous or pubescent, rarely hirsute or hispid, trichomes simple or branched, 2–14-rayed, sometimes dendritic, not stellate. Stems erect, ascending, or decumbent
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directed forward; stamens 4, didynamous, filaments glabrous or spreading-hairy (C. exserta), pollen-sacs 2, unequal; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation
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epicalyx bractlets (4 or) 5 (–10); hypanthium patelliform to cupulate, rarely turbinate, 0.5–2.5 (–5) × (1.5–) 2–7 (–10) mm; sepals (4 or) 5 (–10), spreading
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Involucres cylindric or campanulate to hemispheric, 4–22 mm diam. Phyllaries 20–84 in (3–) 4–6 (–9) series, 1 (–3) -nerved (not keeled), oblong-lanceolate or oblanceolate
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sometimes 2-locular proximally (Vaccaria), or 3–5-locular (some Silene); styles 2–3 (–5) (absent in staminate flowers), distinct; stigmas 2–3 (–5) (absent
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broadly ovate to suborbiculate, 1–8 (–12) cm, length 1.6–2 times width, coriaceous to thin, lobes 0 or 1–4 or 5 (–9), sinuses usually shallow, sometimes deep
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elongate in usually 2–4 rows, costa in medial transverse-section usually with a differentiated epidermis adaxially or on both sides, 1 or 2 stereid bands, the
28 KB (882 words) - 07:00, 30 July 2020
or absent; stamens many or 4-15 (only in Meconella and Canbya); anthers 2-locular; pistil 1, 2-18 [-22] -carpellate; ovary 1-2-locular or incompletely to
12 KB (425 words) - 08:26, 30 July 2020
or cylindric to funnelform or urceolate; sepals (0–) 4 or 5 (–10), distinct, free; petals (0–) 4 or 5 (–12, rarely more in double ornamentals), distinct
23 KB (1,553 words) - 13:58, 30 July 2020
racemes or panicles; bracteoles 2 or absent. Flowers: tepals (4–) 6 in 2 whorls; stamens (2–) 3–6. Capsules 1-locular or 3-locular, septicidal. Seeds many
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longer than the lemmas; lodicules 2, without venation, usually ciliate; anthers 3; ovaries with hairy apices; styles 2, bases free. Caryopses ovoid to fusiform
19 KB (1,548 words) - 02:55, 30 July 2020
usually actinomorphic, rarely slightly zygomorphic (in Oenothera), (3 or) 4-merous; stamens 2 times as many, or rarely as many, as sepals; pollen usually shed
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cupules bearing 1-3 (-15 or more) pistillate flowers. Staminate flowers bracteate, bracts often caducous; sepals (3-) 4-6 (-8); stamens (3-) 6-12 (-18 or
13 KB (591 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
in capitate glomerules). Involucre ± actinomorphic, not spurred; glands (2–) 4, slightly concave, flat, or slightly convex; appendages petaloid or absent
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proximally and/or medially), usually (12–30+) in 3–10+ series, distinct, and unequal, sometimes in 1–2 series, distinct and subequal to equal, medially
25 KB (1,822 words) - 20:30, 29 July 2020
Glumes usually 2, equal or unequal, shorter or longer than the adjacent florets, sometimes exceeding the distal florets; florets 2 (-4), usually dorsally
17 KB (1,292 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
1-locular or 3–5-locular; styles 3 or 5, occasionally 4 (absent in staminate flowers), filiform, 1.5–20 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 3 or 5, occasionally
36 KB (1,364 words) - 10:24, 30 July 2020
by 2, opposed bracts. Flowers usually pedicellate [± sessile]; perianth actinomorphic or zygomorphic, petaloid, with 2 equal or unequal whorls of 3 tepals
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oblong, orbiculate, or ovate (bodies unequally 3–4-angled, margins often winged), or (all or inner) ± equally 4-angled and linear-fusiform, sometimes ± beaked
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not treated as a distinct structure here). Involucres 1 per node, rarely 2–3 per cluster, not appressed to inflorescence branches, turbinate to campanulate;
24 KB (947 words) - 10:41, 30 July 2020
(epicalyx) sometimes deciduous (Malvoideae, Sterculioideae), (4–) 5 (–8), distinct or connate; petals 4 or 5 (absent in Bombacoideae and Sterculioideae, rarely
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lodicules 2 or 3; anthers 1 or 3, sometimes differing in length within a floret; ovaries glabrous throughout or pubescent distally; styles 2 (3-4) -branched
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glumes, occasionally below the pedicels. Spikelets with 1 (2-3) florets. Glumes usually (0) 1 (2-3) -veined, apices entire, erose, or toothed, truncate to
42 KB (1,621 words) - 04:38, 30 July 2020
branches rebranching 1-4 times, terminating in small secondary panicles that usually partly included in the sheaths. Cauline leaves 3-14, usually distinctly
26 KB (1,343 words) - 04:00, 30 July 2020
puberulent, occasionally glandular, rarely scabrellous; bracts 2–13 or more at proximal nodes, usually 3 distally, connate proximally, leaflike, semileaflike, or
22 KB (1,627 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
are closed for at least 3/4 their length; those such as F. saximontana, in which they are closed from 1/3 to slightly more than 1/2 their length; and those
52 KB (3,291 words) - 03:08, 30 July 2020
(sometimes 1–3 bractlets in Schkuhria). Involucres campanulate to narrowly cylindric or obconic, or hemispheric to rotate. Phyllaries usually persistent, 4–60+
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filiform leaves (2–7 cm), notably small heads in corymbiform arrays, ± 13 phyllaries 3–4 mm, and 7–8 ray florets with corolla laminae 2–3 mm. G. L. Nesom
30 KB (1,295 words) - 21:10, 29 July 2020
bract. Spikelets: scales 4–500 or more, spirally or rarely distichously arranged, each subtending flower or proximal 1–2 (–3) empty, stramineous (straw-brown)
13 KB (1,127 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
ovary superior, 3-lobed, sometimes crested with processes, 3-locular, usually 2 ovules per locule (6–8 in A. nigrum), crest processes 3 or 6, smooth except
43 KB (1,553 words) - 05:48, 30 July 2020
tubular-salverform, tube base not spurred or gibbous, lobes 5, abaxial 3, adaxial 2; stamens 4, proximally adnate to corolla, didynamous, filaments glabrous or
20 KB (1,850 words) - 19:05, 29 July 2020
stigmas slenderly or broadly cylindrical, or 2 plump lobes. 2n = 38 (29), 57 (1), 76 (16), 95 (1), 114 (4), unknown (21). North America, Eurasia Species
52 KB (888 words) - 11:54, 30 July 2020
spreading upon drying), 3–12 × 1.7–10 mm. Phyllaries 10–35 in 3–5 series, midnerves usually ± swollen and translucent, sometimes plus 2–5 secondary nerves (striate
18 KB (1,000 words) - 21:32, 29 July 2020
campanulate, salverform, or funnelform; stamens (2–) 3–5, with 4 mostly connate in pairs, appearing as only (1–) 3 stamens; anthers connate or distinct, pepos
19 KB (877 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
radially symmetric, sometimes slightly irregular (in Montia); sepals 2–9; petals (1–) 2–19 or sometimes absent, distinct or connate basally; stamens 1–many
13 KB (722 words) - 09:43, 30 July 2020
falling, of 2 (–3) usually lanceolate, aristate, or erose scales (at the 2 principal angles, 1–5 mm) plus 0–8 usually shorter scales (0.2–2 mm). x = 17
32 KB (1,118 words) - 23:14, 29 July 2020
stigmatic papillae in 2 lines. Cypselae usually obpyramidal, sometimes clavate, columnar, or obconic (lengths usually 1–2.5, rarely to 3.5 diams.), mostly
13 KB (688 words) - 22:34, 29 July 2020
scales usually persistent at base, in cross-section with 2–many roundish bundles, or bundles 2 and lunate. Blade simple to commonly 1–5-pinnate or more
15 KB (567 words) - 00:33, 30 July 2020
Sida spinosa, Sida tragiifolia, Sida ulmifolia, Sida urens Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 683. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 306. 1754. Paul A. Fryxell†, Steven R. Hill Common
13 KB (672 words) - 11:32, 30 July 2020
crests; upper paleas striate, rarely transversely rugose; lodicules 2; anthers usually 3. Caryopses smooth; pericarp thin; endosperm hard, without lipid,
26 KB (1,480 words) - 04:05, 30 July 2020
distally. Seeds tan, brown, gray, or black, angled to slightly rounded, 0.4–2 (–3.5) mm. North America Species 62 (62 in the flora). Elaborate subsectional
36 KB (1,140 words) - 19:13, 29 July 2020
connate proximally, sepaloid, dimorphic, outer 3 remaining small, inner 3 usually enlarging, sometimes 1–3 with central vein transformed into tuberculate
41 KB (1,085 words) - 10:05, 30 July 2020
longer than achene, seldom smooth; stamens 2–3; styles undivided or shallowly 2-fid, or deeply cleft into 2 (–3) linear stigmatic branches; style base persistent
38 KB (1,253 words) - 01:40, 30 July 2020
Hypericum (Guttiferae) 4(3). Section 9. Hypericum sensu lato (part 3): subsection 1. Hypericum series 2. Senanensia, subsection 2. Erecta and section 9b
13 KB (922 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
Cirsium vulgare, Cirsium wheeleri, Cirsium wrightii Miller Gard. Dict. abr. ed. 4, vol. 1. 1754. David J. Keil Common names: Thistle chardon Etymology: Greek
60 KB (2,205 words) - 13:43, 10 February 2021
second-order heads of 1–2-flowered heads in Lagascea). Calyculi 0. Involucres cylindric to hemispheric or rotate. Phyllaries persistent, 4–45 (–100+) in 1–6+
10 KB (633 words) - 23:14, 29 July 2020
mm, filaments of 2 anterior stamens often with nectaries protruding into spur, anther dehiscence by longitudinal slits; pistil 1, [2–] 3 [–5] -carpellate;
13 KB (963 words) - 11:16, 30 July 2020
oblong-oval, or ovate-oblong, 0.2-2 mm > 33 28 Hypanthia 4-7 mm, sepals 7-10 mm > 29 28 Hypanthia 2-3.5 mm (1/4-1/3 as long as sepals); sepals 6-11 mm
23 KB (1,464 words) - 13:16, 30 July 2020
reflexed, recurved, or revolute leaf margin (false indusium). Sporangia stalk of 2–3 rows of cells; annulus vertical, interrupted by stalk; spores 64 or 32 (rarely
15 KB (634 words) - 00:29, 30 July 2020
obconic to campanulate or hemispheric. Phyllaries persistent, mostly 3–18 in 1–2 series, (erect or reflexed in fruit) distinct or connate, mostly elliptic
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longitudinally bowed-out by the caryopses, 2-keeled, keels usually ciliate, intercostal region membranous or hyaline; anthers 2-3; ovaries glabrous; styles free to
33 KB (1,388 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
sepals 4, often pink to purplish red, usually connate to tip in bud, reflexed singly, in pairs, or all together to 1 side at anthesis; petals 4, usually
19 KB (745 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
hyaline wings; perianth absent; stamens 1–3; styles linear, 2–3-fid, base deciduous or persistent; stigmas 2–3. Achenes biconvex, flattened, or trigonous
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1 cm), medium (1–3 cm), long (more than 3 cm); leaves: small (less than 1.5 mm), medium (1.5–3 mm), large (3–4 mm), robust (more than 4 mm). None. Anomobryum
20 KB (757 words) - 07:35, 30 July 2020
not, anthers 2-locular with 1 line of dehiscence or 4-locular with 2 lines of dehiscence; ovary superior, 1-locular; ovules 1 or, rarely, 2–many; style
12 KB (586 words) - 09:40, 30 July 2020
sepals (3–) 4–5 [–7], distinct or connate proximally; petals 0 or (3–) 4–5 [–7], distinct; nectary present, rudimentary, or absent; stamens 3–5 [–10],
13 KB (513 words) - 18:16, 29 July 2020
versatile, dehiscence longitudinal; ovary superior or inferior, 3-locular or occasionally 1-locular, 3-angled, ovoid, or cylindrical, with axillary or rarely parietal
13 KB (701 words) - 06:10, 30 July 2020
much shorter than sepals; bracteoles 2 or absent (Arctostaphylos, Arctous). Flowers pendulous; sepals (4-) 5; petals (4-) 5, connate, corolla deciduous, usually
6 KB (358 words) - 12:54, 30 July 2020
tips. Rhizomes present or absent, without bulb; tubers rarely present (in 8a3. Eleocharis sect. Parvulae), terminating rhizomes or among culm bases. Culms
37 KB (456 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
superior, 4–5-locular, placentation axile or apical-axile; ovules 2 per locule, anatropous; styles 2–5, distinct or partly connate; stigmas 2–5. Fruits
10 KB (483 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
6, connate 2/3 their length, monomorphic or dimorphic, entire, emarginate, or lobed to laciniate apically; stamens 3, 6, or 9, or variously 3–9; filaments
23 KB (1,142 words) - 10:54, 30 July 2020
spurred, 8-24 mm; lateral sepals 2, ± ovate to elliptic, 8-18 mm; lower sepals 2, similar to lateral sepals; upper petals 2, spurred, enclosed in upper sepal
9 KB (574 words) - 08:34, 30 July 2020
winged; pollen (3 or) 4–11-colpate. Fruits silicles or siliques, dehiscent, unsegmented, terete, latiseptate, or angustiseptate; ovules 2–100 per ovary;
6 KB (496 words) - 12:35, 30 July 2020
at anthesis, usually distinct or slightly connate basally, [connate for 1/3–2/3 their lengths], yellow, white, pink, purple, or reddish, sometimes red-lineolate
21 KB (778 words) - 13:02, 30 July 2020
and smooth, knobby, notched, or antrorsely or retrorsely barbed, (2) dendritic, and/or (3) stinging. Leaves alternate [opposite], simple; stipules absent;
12 KB (698 words) - 18:33, 29 July 2020
veins. Inflorescences spikes, usually exserted, with 1-3 (5) spikelets per node, internodes (1.5) 2-26 mm; rachises with scabridulous, scabrous, or ciliate
45 KB (3,070 words) - 03:00, 30 July 2020
sometimes zygomorphic and raylike or ± 2-lipped). Peripheral (pistillate) florets 0 or (in disciform heads) in 1–3+ series; corollas (usually present) usually
15 KB (836 words) - 20:05, 29 July 2020
in 1st year following pollination (termed annual by many authors); cupule 2-4-valved, valves connate marginally until maturity, ±completely enclosing nut
8 KB (435 words) - 08:38, 30 July 2020
unappendaged, not winged; pollen 3-colpate. Fruits usually siliques, rarely silicles, usually dehiscent, unsegmented, usually terete, 4-angled, or latiseptate;
6 KB (525 words) - 11:59, 30 July 2020
of tube; sepals 4, spreading individually, usually green or flushed with red or cream, rarely same color as petals, lanceolate; petals 4, usually rose-purple
32 KB (1,609 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
Flowers bisexual; sepals persistent, 5 (4 in A. nummularia, A. sensitiva), distinct, ovate to deltate; petals 5 (4 in A. nummularia, A. sensitiva), connate
41 KB (2,034 words) - 13:11, 30 July 2020
1/5–1/3 indehiscent, rarely completely, connective splitting or not, sides glabrous, papillate, or hairy, sutures denticulate, teeth to 0.1–0.2 mm, sometimes
29 KB (982 words) - 19:10, 29 July 2020
rarely cymose-paniculate, paniculate or racemose, open or diffuse; bracts 3 (–8), semileaflike or more often scalelike. Peduncles absent or erect, ascending
30 KB (1,075 words) - 10:46, 30 July 2020
extrastaminal, usually 5 glands; stamens 3–35 [–50], inflexed in bud, distinct; pistillode absent. Pistillate flowers: sepals [3–] (4–) 5 (–9) [–10] or 0, imbricate
24 KB (874 words) - 18:18, 29 July 2020
abaxial lobes 3, adaxial 2; stamens 4, adnate proximal to middle of corolla, didynamous, filaments glabrous or hairy, staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation
49 KB (1,607 words) - 18:59, 29 July 2020
usually 5 (R. speciosum 4), connate proximally; petals usually 5 (R. speciosum 4), distinct; nectary disc present; stamens (4–) 5, antisepalous, inserted
7 KB (319 words) - 13:12, 30 July 2020
campanulate, cylindric, hemispheric, obconic, or turbinate, (4–19+ ×) 2–18 mm. Phyllaries 8–60 in 2–7 series (often in vertical ranks), 1-nerved (midnerves
23 KB (1,156 words) - 22:11, 29 July 2020
hemispheric or turbinate-cylindric, (2.5–) 3–22 (–25) mm diam. Phyllaries persistent or tardily falling, 18–40 in (2–) 3–7 series, not notably nerved, ovate
24 KB (826 words) - 22:52, 29 July 2020
staminodes present or absent; pistil 3-carpellate (5–7-carpellate in M. decapetala), placentae parietal; stigma lingulate, 3-lobed (5–7-lobed in M. decapetala)
16 KB (1,025 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
reduced; pistil 1, 2 (–3) -carpellate; ovary inferior, usually 2-locular proximally, 1-locular distally; placentation axile; ovules 1–2 per locule, pendulous;
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flowers; pistil 1, 2 [–3] -carpellate, ovary superior, 2 [–3] -locular, placentation axile, sometimes appearing parietal; ovules 2 per locule, apotropous
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symmetric; perianth 1–2-seriate; sepals [2–] 3 [–4], distinct or connate; petals [2–] 3 [–4], distinct or variously connate; androecium: stamens [3–] 6–34 [–1000];
20 KB (1,128 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
(1 spikelet of the pair reduced in some species), in 2 rows along 1 side of the branches, with 2 florets, first rachilla segment not swollen, upper glumes
22 KB (1,167 words) - 04:18, 30 July 2020
present, often glandular; blade ± ovate to narrowly elliptic or obovate, (1.2–) 2–8 (–12) cm, wider leaves shallowly to deeply incised (rarely pinnately compound)
26 KB (2,400 words) - 15:31, 15 December 2020
ovary inferior, greenish at anthesis, 3-locular, succulent, thickwalled, ovules numerous; style subulate; stigma 3-lobed, glandular, capitate, papillate
24 KB (1,110 words) - 06:12, 30 July 2020
dehiscence; ovary superior, 2–3-locular; ovules 1-seriate [2-seriate]; style 1, simple, usually slender; stigma 1, simple [rarely slightly 3-lobed], enlarged or
10 KB (456 words) - 00:54, 30 July 2020
Petals (6.1–)7.3–15.8(–18) mm; styles 3.7–13 mm; 5 outermost stamens 4–13.2 mm. > 33 33 Petals 11.7–15.8(–18) mm; 5 outermost stamens 10.2–13.2 mm. Mentzelia
20 KB (775 words) - 18:32, 29 July 2020
campanulate to hemispheric, 2–6+ mm diam.; pistillate turbinate or campanulate to cylindric, 3–7 (–9+) mm diam. Phyllaries in 3–6+ series, usually relatively
38 KB (2,648 words) - 20:30, 29 July 2020
slightly angustiseptate; ovules [2–] 4–250 per ovary; style usually distinct, rarely obsolete; stigma usually entire, rarely 2-lobed. Seeds biseriate, sub-biseriate
6 KB (495 words) - 12:15, 30 July 2020
styles 1 or 3, occasionally 2 or 5, distinct or sometimes connate proximally; stigmas 3, occasionally 2 or 5. Fruits capsules, opening by 3 or 5, occasionally
9 KB (538 words) - 10:03, 30 July 2020
[heterostylous]; sepals persistent or deciduous, (3–) 4–5, glanduliferous like leaves; petals persistent or deciduous, 3–5 [–6], distinct, imbricate or contorted
10 KB (558 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
campanulate, cylindric, funnelform, or hemispheric, 3–15 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 5–28 in (1–) 2 (–3) series (distinct, linear to ovate, equal or subequal
8 KB (548 words) - 23:47, 29 July 2020
sometimes 1–2 (–4) scales aristate, or of 1–2 (–6) or 8–35 bristles. sw United States, Mexico, South America (1 species) Genera 5, species 67 (2 genera, 36
7 KB (521 words) - 23:47, 29 July 2020
then typically furcate or bifurcate, often imperfectly so (2 + 1 branches, rather than 2 + 2). Trichome rays are usually appressed or parallel to surfaces
40 KB (1,647 words) - 11:54, 30 July 2020
basal 3–10, in fan; blade monofacial (except at base), smooth or ridged, sometimes centrally thickened, veins obscure to prominent; cauline 0–4 on branched
20 KB (1,129 words) - 06:06, 30 July 2020
differentiated from blade, (apex obtuse, rounded, or emarginate); stamens 2 or 4 and equal in length, lateral or median, or 6 and tetradynamous; filaments
29 KB (1,412 words) - 12:33, 30 July 2020
margins ciliate or eciliate, auriculate, auricles prominent or not; upper 2 and lateral 2 petals showy, 5+ mm, lowest petal showy, not narrowed at middle of limb;
39 KB (2,374 words) - 11:16, 30 July 2020
petals 0; nectary absent; pistil 3-carpellate; styles 3, distinct or connate basally to most of length, unbranched or 2-fid. Fruits capsules, tardily dehiscent
18 KB (1,360 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
orange or red-orange (apices usually ± deeply divided, lobes usually 3, sometimes 2). Disc-florets 1–200+, bisexual and fertile, or functionally staminate;
15 KB (799 words) - 23:36, 29 July 2020
triplets usually with 1 sessile and 2 pedicellate spikelets, terminal spikelet units on the branches often with 2 pedicellate spikelets even if the others
31 KB (2,561 words) - 04:21, 30 July 2020
stamens 6, alternating in 2 whorls of 3, erect, incurved, or divergent; filaments mostly short, basally expanded; anthers 2-locular, ± equaling or longer
30 KB (822 words) - 06:13, 30 July 2020
glands present or absent; stamens [4–] 6–27 [–35]; filaments free or basally adnate to gynophore (or along proximal 1/3–1/2 in Gynandropsis) or androgynophore
16 KB (756 words) - 12:06, 30 July 2020
exostome (except in Homalotheciella), basal membrane 1/2–1/3 endostome length, segments broad, cilia 2 or 3), sometimes modified (for example, exostome teeth
28 KB (900 words) - 07:47, 30 July 2020
transverse-section semiterete, occasionally terete, elliptical or reniform, with 2 or occasionally with 3–6 adaxial cells near base, usually not markedly larger than abaxial
11 KB (588 words) - 06:48, 30 July 2020
spines. Leaves alternate, opposite, or fascicled, simple, 2-3-foliolate, or 1-3-pinnately or 2-3 (-4) -ternately compound; stipules present or absent; venation
10 KB (398 words) - 08:43, 30 July 2020
membranous or chartaceous, 1 (3) -veined, unawned; paleas glabrous, 2-veined, often splitting between the veins at maturity; anthers (2) 3. Fruits utricles or achenes
22 KB (1,094 words) - 04:32, 30 July 2020
floral-tube absent; sepals persistent after anthesis or tardily caducous, (3 or) 4 or 5 (–7), green, sometimes yellow or cream, often becoming flushed with
30 KB (1,654 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
leaves, 1–64 (–90) [–100] -flowered, racemes, corymbs, umbellate fascicles, 2-flowered fascicles, or solitary; bracts sometimes present; bracteoles present
43 KB (1,828 words) - 14:17, 30 July 2020
red, white, or yellow; stamens (3–) 5–150+; filaments distinct or basally connate; ovaries superior, 2-carpellate, 3-carpellate, 5-carpellate, or 6–12-carpellate;
9 KB (407 words) - 11:39, 30 July 2020
auricle margins), flowers usually 4 or 5, rarely solitary (versus 1–3), slightly or not fragrant (versus fragrant), 3–5 cm diam. (versus 5–10 cm diam.)
23 KB (1,822 words) - 13:48, 30 July 2020
rarely subpercurrent, typically with one stereid band, distal lamina 1–2 (–4) -stratose; basal-cells quadrate to elongate, rarely oblate, straight, sinuose
13 KB (824 words) - 06:47, 30 July 2020
shallow cup); stamens 1, 2, or 3–10; filaments distinct or connate; ovary (stipitate or sessile), 2-carpellate; ovules (2–) 4–24 (–42) per ovary; styles
35 KB (4,327 words) - 12:03, 30 July 2020
longitudinal slits; pistil 1, [2–] 3–10 [–15] -carpellate, ovary superior, [2–] 3–10 [–15] -locular, placentation axile; ovules 2 per locule, anatropous or
13 KB (776 words) - 18:34, 29 July 2020
Flowers 4–15 mm diam.; epicalyx bractlets (0–) 5; hypanthium patelliform to campanulate or cupulate to turbinate, 0.5–3 (–4) mm; sepals 5 (usually 4 in I
19 KB (1,253 words) - 14:03, 30 July 2020
per spikelet. Flowers: anthers 0.2–2.5 mm; styles 2-fid or 3-fid. Achenes variously colored, biconvex to trigonous, 0.4–2 mm, smooth to markedly sculptured
4 KB (429 words) - 02:16, 30 July 2020
annular or semiannular, subtending bases of stamens, median glands present (2, rarely 4) or absent. Fruits siliques, sessile, usually linear, rarely narrowly
23 KB (1,239 words) - 12:23, 30 July 2020
usually 1-3-veined, acute to acuminate; florets terete or weakly laterally compressed; calluses well-developed, hirsute; lemmas fusiform, 3-veined, convolute
23 KB (1,150 words) - 04:51, 30 July 2020
more superior in fruit, 2 (–3) -locular; placentation axile (when connate); styles 2 (–3); stigmas 2–3. Capsules folliclelike or 2 (–3) -beaked. Seeds brown
27 KB (988 words) - 13:15, 30 July 2020
sphagnos, an unknown plant Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Mentioned on page 3, 4, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 16, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 32, 33
16 KB (943 words) - 06:58, 30 July 2020
basally, free from petal for at least 1/2 its length, forming flap covering nectary (or sometimes attached on 3 sides, forming pocket in R. recurvatus)
12 KB (516 words) - 08:37, 30 July 2020
campanulate, 5–12 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, (10–) 14–45 (–60) in 3–7 (–9) series, usually (4–) 5–6 (–16) -striate or nerved, linear or lanceolate to oblanceolate
17 KB (617 words) - 22:47, 29 July 2020
branches, (0.1–) 0.5–3 (–4) dm, without a whorl of bracts at midlength. Leaves in loose to compact basal rosettes; petiole 0.1–3 (–4) cm, mostly tomentose
27 KB (1,609 words) - 10:41, 30 July 2020
5–13, pistillate, fertile; corollas pale-yellow to orange-red (tubes 1–4 mm, laminae 4–16 mm). Disc-florets 20–80+, bisexual, fertile; corollas pale-yellow
40 KB (1,171 words) - 21:16, 29 July 2020
virginianum, Linum westii (Reichenbach) Engelmann Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5): 25. 1852. Nancy R. Morin Basionym: Linopsis Reichenbach Handb. Nat. Pfl
12 KB (469 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
involucral-bracts 2-7 (-9), leaflike or sepaloid, distant from or close to flowers. Flowers bisexual, radially symmetric; sepals not persistent in fruit, 4-20 (-27)
19 KB (1,214 words) - 15:30, 15 December 2020
foot, in reference to the shape of the leaf Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Mentioned on page 261, 265, 267, 268. Herbs, annual or perennial [rarely suffruticose
19 KB (716 words) - 09:29, 30 July 2020
absent. Flowers in multiflowered heads (rarely only 2– or 3 flowers per head). Capsules 1-locular or 3-locular, beaked. Seeds tailed or not tailed. x = 20
13 KB (391 words) - 01:01, 30 July 2020
Quercus virginiana Linneaus Kevin C. Nixon Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Trees or shrubs, evergreen or deciduous. Bark nearly white, gray, brown, or
27 KB (606 words) - 08:45, 30 July 2020
peristome single, usually of 16 lanceolate teeth, deeply divided into 2 or rarely 3 divisions, usually vertically striolate or pitted-striolate proximally
14 KB (515 words) - 06:54, 30 July 2020
crimson; carpels (3–) 20–40 (–65), styles free exsert (0.5–) 1–2.5 (–4) mm, pilose, stylar orifice 1–3 mm diam., hypanthial disc flat, 2–5 (–10) mm diam
24 KB (1,103 words) - 13:51, 30 July 2020
truncate, not ciliate, not or scarcely veined; anthers 1, 2, or 3; ovaries glabrous; styles 2-branched, bases persistent, branches plumose distally. Caryopses
12 KB (1,001 words) - 03:20, 30 July 2020
spurred or gibbous, lobes 4, abaxial 3, adaxial 1; stamens 2, basally adnate to corolla, filaments glabrous; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile;
20 KB (967 words) - 19:23, 29 July 2020
imbricate in bud, unequal with 3 outer sepals, 1 upper and 2 lower (these 2 sometimes connate and appearing as 1 or 2-lobed), 2 lateral inner sepals (wings)
16 KB (1,157 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
pale or ± darkened; stigmatic papillae in 2 lines. Cypselae mostly clavate to obpyramidal (lengths usually 2–3+ times diams.), glabrous or hairy; pappi
11 KB (674 words) - 23:30, 29 July 2020
mostly 4 or 5 (–8 in Myoporum), adnate to corolla, didynamous or equal, staminode 0 or 1; pistil 1, 2-carpellate, ovary superior, 2-locular or 4-locular
15 KB (926 words) - 19:11, 29 July 2020
differentiated from blade or distinct, (apex rounded); stamens usually in 3 unequal pairs, rarely tetradynamous; filaments not dilated basally, (adaxial
23 KB (1,011 words) - 12:00, 30 July 2020
fleshy, free from hypanthium; stamens 6 (–8); ovary 1/2-inferior, 3-locular; styles 3 (sometimes 4 in C. jepsonii), connate basally. Fruits capsules, leathery
10 KB (807 words) - 18:19, 29 July 2020
actinomorphic, not spurred; glands 4–5 (2–3 in E. oblongata), flat or slightly convex; appendages absent or hornlike, 2, slender with attenuate or rounded
19 KB (827 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
of stems and branches, smooth or papillose; axillary hair basal-cells 1–2 (–4), short, brown, distal cells 1–several, elongate, hyaline. Stem and branch
15 KB (450 words) - 07:51, 30 July 2020
Leaves 3-ranked, occasionally nearly 2-ranked. Staminate flowers: perianth of 4 (–6) sepals, well defined, minute, membranaceous. Pistillate flowers 2–3 per
5 KB (331 words) - 08:39, 30 July 2020
or absent; stigmas 2–3 (–5), slender. Staminate flowers: tepals 3–5, equal or subequal; stamens 3–5, filaments distinct, anthers 4-locular, pseudostaminodes
32 KB (1,366 words) - 09:41, 30 July 2020
warped, 2–7 × 2–7 mm, glabrous, commonly bearing 1–4 large, shallow depressions due to pressures from adjacent developing seeds; girdle protruding 0.3–3.5 mm
34 KB (1,067 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
distinct; staminodes absent; styles [2–] 3 (–5), capitate to clavate, 0.2–7 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas [2–] 3 (–5), terminal or subterminal, papillate
21 KB (985 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
racemes; bracts present. Pedicels present; bracteoles absent. Flowers: sepals 2 or [4] 5, calyx bilaterally symmetric, campanulate or tubular, lobes triangular
19 KB (1,040 words) - 19:27, 29 July 2020
or persistent, (2–) 4–5; petals deciduous, (3–) 4–5; stamens usually persistent, sometimes deciduous, 30–650, in continuous ring or in 4–5 barely discernable
13 KB (445 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
lanceolate, or ovate, [0.3–] 0.4–15 (–21) cm, leathery to membranous, margins flat or revolute, entire, venation pinnate, 2–14 pairs, surfaces often hairy
31 KB (1,652 words) - 14:31, 30 July 2020
prominent and 2-lobed; stamens 10 (8–10 in M. godfreyi), arising from hypanthium; filaments distinct; staminodes absent; styles 3 (to 4 in M. cumberlandensis
25 KB (1,236 words) - 10:19, 30 July 2020
adaxial 2; stamens 4, didynamous; filaments glabrate to lanate; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile; stigma linear, rarely 2-lobed (A. neoscotica)
23 KB (952 words) - 19:30, 29 July 2020
Sidalcea stipularis, Sidalcea virgata A. Gray Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n. s. 4: 18. 1849. Steven R. Hill Common names: Checkerbloom checker mallow Etymology:
21 KB (668 words) - 11:33, 30 July 2020
lobes 3, middle lobe tightly revolute, tip distinctly folded inside-out, adaxial 2, adaxial lip galeate, rounded at apex, opening downward; stamens (2 or)
10 KB (460 words) - 18:57, 29 July 2020
styles 1–2 (–3), distinct or often connate proximally 1/10–9/10 of length, subcapitate to filiform, 0.07–3.2 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 2 (–3), subterminal
21 KB (1,113 words) - 10:32, 30 July 2020
tapering, often abruptly beaked, glabrous; beak 0.3–3 mm, with abaxial suture, bidentate. Stigmas 2. Achenes biconvex, smaller than bodies of perigynia;
15 KB (529 words) - 01:49, 30 July 2020
of perianth; sepals 3, occasionally ridged abaxially, 3.1–12 × 0.6–2.6 cm, apex usually acute; petals 3, ridged abaxially, with 2 adaxial longitudinal
37 KB (2,628 words) - 05:42, 30 July 2020
ovules. Seeds 1–20 per scale, not winged or with 2–3 symmetric or asymmetric wings; aril lacking; cotyledons 2–9. Widespread in temperate regions Pollination
17 KB (1,137 words) - 00:30, 30 July 2020
glabrous or hairy; pappi 0, or coroniform, or of 2–8+ scales or teeth. North America, Mexico Genera 2, species 30 (2 genera, 27 species in the flora). The genera
9 KB (600 words) - 23:53, 29 July 2020
hypogynous; sepals [2–] 4–8 [–11], distinct; petals 4–8 [–9], connate proximally, lobes not divided or divided into 1 median and 2 lateral [abaxial] segments
9 KB (373 words) - 13:04, 30 July 2020
inflated, often bracteate. Calyculi 0 or of 3–13 (–16+), deltate to lanceolate or linear bractlets (in 1–2+ series; sometimes intergrading with phyllaries)
26 KB (1,108 words) - 20:14, 29 July 2020
Receptacles glabrous (paleate in A. palmeri). Florets: usually peripheral 3–20 pistillate and fertile (0 pistillate in A. nesiotica, A. palmeri); central
11 KB (598 words) - 20:49, 29 July 2020
grooved, convex, or flat adaxially, often not glandular, sometimes with 1 or 2 pairs of spherical glands distally; largest medial blade amphistomatous, hemiamphistomatous
22 KB (876 words) - 12:17, 30 July 2020
axis after maturity by threadlike extension of dorsal vein. Seeds 1 or 2 (or 3) per mericarp, glabrous or slightly pubescent. x = 5. w, c North America
14 KB (589 words) - 11:36, 30 July 2020
arranged; foliage leaves (needles) (1–) 2–5 (–6) per fascicle, persisting 2–12 or more years, terete or ± 2–3-angled and rounded on abaxial surface, sessile
29 KB (1,428 words) - 00:26, 30 July 2020
dehiscing incompletely, distal 1/5–2/3 indehiscent, connective splitting, sides glabrous or hairy, sutures denticulate, teeth to 0.3 mm; staminode included to exserted
19 KB (771 words) - 19:16, 29 July 2020
prolonged 1-3 mm, apices usually rounded; lodicules 2 or 3, membranous, not lobed; anthers 3, 1.5-6 mm, sometimes penicillate; ovaries with 2 style-branches
28 KB (2,014 words) - 02:45, 30 July 2020
carpels 2–200 (–220), glabrous, styles subterminal; ovule 1. Fruits aggregated achenes, (1–) 2–200 (–220), obliquely ovoid to reniform, 0.8–3 mm, glabrous;
16 KB (987 words) - 14:06, 30 July 2020
flowers); stamens (2–) 3–4 (–6), opposite petals, distinct, adnate to petals; anthers dehiscing by transverse-slits or pores; pistil 1, 2 [–3] -carpellate,
12 KB (866 words) - 18:24, 29 July 2020
ovary or floral-tube, or absent; stamens (1–) 4–42 [+], usually equal to or 2 times number of petals, usually in 2 whorls of unequal length, sometimes 1 whorl;
18 KB (801 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
occasionally androgynous, or the distal 1–3 staminate, pedunculate or subsessile, prophyllate, at least 2 times as long as wide; terminal spikes staminate
16 KB (761 words) - 02:00, 30 July 2020
winged; pollen 3-colpate. Fruits silicles or siliques, usually dehiscent, very rarely indehiscent, unsegmented, latiseptate or terete; ovules 2–70 (–88) [–110+]
6 KB (479 words) - 12:07, 30 July 2020
usually shorter than the lemmas; lodicules 2, glabrous, not veined; anthers 3; ovaries with hairy apices; styles 2, bases free. Caryopses narrowly ellipsoid
9 KB (822 words) - 02:52, 30 July 2020
without 2 marginal veins more prominent than midvein, blade 2+ cm, longer than its sheath, 2–4.5 mm wide, glabrous. Inflorescences racemose, with 2–6 spikes;
16 KB (801 words) - 01:21, 30 July 2020
stamens 5, adnate to petal bases; ovary globose, ovules 3 or 6; style 1; stigmas 3. Capsules 3-valved, longitudinally dehiscent from apex, valves not deciduous
16 KB (646 words) - 09:44, 30 July 2020
exserted, flattened distally, (0.2–) 0.4–3 mm diam., tip recurved, rarely coiled or straight, distal 10–50 (–70) % hairy, hairs to 2.5 mm, rarely glabrous; style
17 KB (733 words) - 19:07, 29 July 2020
then projecting inflorescence above surface of water. Flowers: pistils 1 or 4. Fruits abaxially rounded or keeled, flattened to turgid, beaked; embryo coiled
23 KB (1,207 words) - 00:56, 30 July 2020
when young, stomata on abaxial surface not in crypts; pinnately veined or 3-veined from base. Inflorescences usually racemelike or paniclelike, sometimes
15 KB (437 words) - 18:13, 29 July 2020
Powell Sida 3: 277. 1968. Sharon C. Yarborough, A. Michael Powell Basionym: Undefined sect. Laphamia A. Gray Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5): 99, plate
11 KB (583 words) - 23:49, 29 July 2020
hypanthium; filaments distinct; staminodes absent; styles 3, filiform, 2.5–3 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 3, subcapitate, smooth to papillate (50×). Capsules
19 KB (1,194 words) - 10:09, 30 July 2020
or thickened; carpels 3–5 (or 6) [–8], distinct, free or adnate to hypanthium base, styles moreorless terminal, distinct; ovules 2–5, apical, collateral
7 KB (338 words) - 14:24, 30 July 2020
attenuate; lower glumes 1 (3) -veined; upper glumes 3-veined; calluses hairy, hairs 0.2-6.5 mm, sparse to abundant; lemmas 3 (5) -veined, smooth or scabrous
24 KB (1,813 words) - 02:43, 30 July 2020
bearing spikelets abaxially, in 2 rows, usually in unequally pedicellate groups of 2-5, occasionally borne singly. Spikelets 1.2-8.2 mm, lanceoloid to ellipsoid
23 KB (1,318 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
hemispheric or campanulate to cylindric, (1–) 4–12 (–25+) mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, mostly (4–) 8–21 (–30+) in ± 2 series, usually distinct, sometimes connate
22 KB (1,036 words) - 23:27, 29 July 2020
surface smooth or toothed, adaxial surface rarely toothed, teeth of 1 (–3) cells, 1 or 2 stereid bands present, rarely absent, (abaxial stereid band U-shaped
16 KB (638 words) - 07:40, 30 July 2020
multiple, the bases not fused into a single column; anthers 1-3; ovaries glabrous; styles 2, separate throughout, bases close. Caryopses often with a free
17 KB (1,499 words) - 04:33, 30 July 2020
not, of ray-florets often 3-angled, 4–12-ribbed, faces glabrous or densely strigillose; pappi 0 or in 3–4 series, outer of 3–40 (sometimes obscure) linear
25 KB (1,511 words) - 21:54, 29 July 2020
or 8, occasionally 4; filaments distinct, inserted at base of ovary; staminodes absent or 1–4 (via anther abortion), linear; styles (3–) 5 (–6), clavate
21 KB (1,044 words) - 10:15, 30 July 2020
cells usually eguttulate, rarely guttulate, 1-stratose, or 2-stratose in patches, rarely 3- or more stratose, smooth, plane, bulging, mammillose, 1-papillose
33 KB (1,761 words) - 06:53, 30 July 2020
hairy (P. coronopus, P. maritima), lobes 4; stamens 2 or 4, free, equal, filaments glabrous; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation free-central, sometimes
17 KB (732 words) - 19:20, 29 July 2020
alternate (proximal sometimes opposite); petiolate or sessile; blades usually 1–2 (–3) -pinnately lobed, ultimate margins toothed, serrate, or entire, faces usually
13 KB (1,037 words) - 23:55, 29 July 2020
superior, usually green, 3-locular or 6-locular with false septa, 6-lobed; style white to dark green, often thick; stigmas usually 3, sometimes 1 and subcapitate
17 KB (687 words) - 06:11, 30 July 2020
Involucres obconic to ellipsoid, 1–3 (–5+) mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 7–15+ in 2–3 (–4+) series, (usually green) 2–3-nerved, or not notably nerved, or
17 KB (791 words) - 22:42, 29 July 2020
not articulate. Blades 1–4-pinnate, of diverse size and shape. Indusia present. x = 36. Worldwide Species ca. 700 (28 species, 3 nothospecies in the flora)
11 KB (330 words) - 00:25, 30 July 2020
± corymbiform arrays. Involucres obconic to hemispheric, 4–15+ mm diam. Phyllaries 5–13+ in 2–3+ series, subequal, usually membranous or scarious-margined
9 KB (558 words) - 23:45, 29 July 2020
occasionally papillose, mostly glabrous adaxially; tepals connate proximally 1/4–1/2 their length, monomorphic or dimorphic; stamens included or exserted; filaments
19 KB (884 words) - 10:50, 30 July 2020
axillary, (1-) 2-200-flowered panicles, racemes, corymbs, umbels, or flowers solitary, to 41 cm; involucres absent or present, involucral-bracts 2-3 (these compound
17 KB (836 words) - 08:34, 30 July 2020
1-locular; styles 1–3, distinct or sometimes connate proximally; stigmas 2 or 3. Fruits utricles, indehiscent or sometimes opening by 3 or 8–10 valves; carpophore
9 KB (597 words) - 10:32, 30 July 2020
becoming laterally compressed at anthesis, with (3) 4-14 (16) florets. Lower glumes 1-3-veined; upper glumes 3-5-veined; lemmas elliptic to lanceolate, rounded
11 KB (779 words) - 02:52, 30 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Plants terrestrial. Roots occasionally branching laterally, yellowish to black, 0.5–2 mm diam., smooth or with corky
19 KB (579 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
corollas filiform; corollas of 1–3 pistillate florets in heads of A. bigelovii sometimes ± 2-lobed, weakly raylike). Disc-florets 2–20 (–30+), bisexual and fertile
14 KB (1,396 words) - 20:45, 29 July 2020
sometimes initially at the panicle base. Glumes (1) 1.3-2 (4) times longer than the lemmas, 1 (3) -veined, glabrous, usually mostly smooth, vein (s) often
31 KB (1,893 words) - 03:29, 30 July 2020
eschscholtzii); hypanthium free from or 1/4–3/4 adnate to ovary, free from ovary to 0.5 mm, green or pink to purple, (0.1–4 mm); sepals 5, green, sometimes reddish
21 KB (1,151 words) - 12:59, 30 July 2020
symmetric about 1 plane or each of 2 perpendicular planes; pedicel present; sepals caducous or persistent, 2, thin; petals 4, distinct or coherent basally to
10 KB (421 words) - 08:24, 30 July 2020
absent; stigmas 3. Fruits capsular, 3-locular, 3-angled or winged, linear, oblong, or globular, dehiscence septicidal. Seeds many, in 2 rows per locule
21 KB (685 words) - 05:34, 30 July 2020
thick-lenticular or asymmetrically thick-lenticular to compressed-globose, 1.2-2 times as wide as thick, not prolonged beyond seed; wall thick, smooth; margin
12 KB (526 words) - 08:22, 30 July 2020
or cylindric; sporophylls overlapping, bearing 2 abaxial microsporangia (pollen-sacs); pollen spheric, 2-winged, less commonly with wings reduced to frill
13 KB (769 words) - 00:23, 30 July 2020
sometimes glandular-punctate, accrescent or nonaccrescent; tepals 4–5, connate 1/4–2/3 their lengths (less than 1/5 their lengths in P. wallichii), petaloid
10 KB (671 words) - 10:11, 30 July 2020
perigynous; tepals 6 (-9), in 2 (-3) whorls of 3, sepaloid, equal or rarely unequal, if unequal then usually outer 3 smaller than inner 3 (occasionally absent in
10 KB (319 words) - 08:27, 30 July 2020
coarse to fine, ± equal (or outer shorter), barbellulate bristles in 1–2 series. x = 3, 4, 5, 6, 11. North America, Eurasia, Africa, nearly worldwide Species
18 KB (964 words) - 20:06, 29 July 2020
1 series and laminae (3–) 5–18 (–21) × 0.8–2.8 mm, sometimes 14–110+ in 2–5+ series (sect. Conyzopsis) and laminae 4.5–5 × 0.1–0.2 mm or reduced to tubes
7 KB (663 words) - 21:03, 29 July 2020
lanceoloid, ellipsoid, obovoid, or pyramidal, (3-angled or) 4-angled, sometimes weakly so, or (3-winged or) 4-winged, apex acute to attenuate or, sometimes
12 KB (1,080 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
tubular, [1-,] 3-, [6-, rarely 5-] merous, lobes valvate; corolla usually reduced to scales or absent; stamens 5, 6, or 12 [multiples of 3 or 5], free or
6 KB (176 words) - 08:42, 30 July 2020
extra-Austroamericanae: 2. Oxalis L. sectio Corniculatae DC. Phytologia 42: 57–198. Lourteig, A. 1982. Oxalidaceae extra-Austroamericanae: 4. Oxalis L. sectio
23 KB (1,013 words) - 18:29, 29 July 2020
brown, dull. Stems erect-ascending and often 2-fid, or creeping, branches many, erect or ascending, simple or 2-fid; outer cell-walls thick, central strand
14 KB (382 words) - 07:42, 30 July 2020
sessile; basal blades 1-nerved, oblanceolate to elliptic or nearly linear (3–250 (–450) × 3–30 mm, bases usually attenuate), margins entire or spinulose-dentate
15 KB (811 words) - 22:27, 29 July 2020
thickened, fleshy roots. Stems scapelike or branched, compressed, and 2-winged. Leaves 2–6, basal or basal and cauline, alternate, basally equitant; blade
23 KB (1,162 words) - 06:04, 30 July 2020
Nyctaginaceae. In: C. L. Lundell. 1942–1969. Flora of Texas. 3 vols. in parts. Dallas and Renner, Tex. Vol. 2, pp. 151–220. Standley, P. C. 1909. The Allioniaceae
20 KB (1,275 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
mostly 0.3–2 cm, twisted clockwise proximally, occasionally counterclockwise distally. Capsule stegocarpous, theca elliptic to cylindric, ca. 1–3 mm, annulus
28 KB (1,343 words) - 07:04, 30 July 2020
mostly laminar, sometimes subterete, turgid ± throughout. Cymes: branches 2-3 (-6), simple or bifurcate; cincinni circinate or not. Pedicels erect to pendent
10 KB (581 words) - 12:54, 30 July 2020
expanded, limb 5-lobed; stamens 3–6, exserted; styles exserted beyond stamens; stigmas capitate. Fruits radially symmetric, with (4–) 5 round or angular ribs
15 KB (526 words) - 09:38, 30 July 2020
petals 3, equal [unequal], distinct [connate]; stamens 3; staminodes (0–) 3, 2-brachiate, free [adnate to perianth or absent]; anthers 4-sporangiate, 2-locular
9 KB (610 words) - 00:51, 30 July 2020
filaments bearded or glabrous; ovary 3-locular, ovules (1–) 2 per locule, 1-seriate. Capsules 3-valved, 3-locular. Seeds 2 per locule (1 in T. spathacea); hilum
17 KB (671 words) - 00:52, 30 July 2020
abaxial lobes 3, adaxial 2; stamens 4, didynamous, filaments glabrous or hairy; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation parietal; stigma 2-lobed. Fruits
28 KB (1,133 words) - 19:01, 29 July 2020
smooth or papillose, glabrous; beak entire or shortly bidentate. Stigmas 2–3. Achenes trigonous, smaller than to almost filling bodies of perigynia; style
15 KB (557 words) - 02:02, 30 July 2020
or yellow); ovary 1/2 inferior, carpels completely connate, 1-locular; placentation parietal; styles 2; stigmas 2 (–3). Capsules 2-beaked. Seeds dark-brown
26 KB (1,593 words) - 12:56, 30 July 2020
perianth hypogynous. Staminate flowers usually pedicellate; tepals 4-5, white or green; stamens 4-5, equaling tepals in number; filaments inflexed in bud, reflexing
10 KB (466 words) - 08:34, 30 July 2020
not winged; pollen 3-colpate. Fruits silicles, usually dehiscent, unsegmented, usually angustiseptate, rarely terete; ovules 2 (–4) per ovary; style distinct
5 KB (456 words) - 12:33, 30 July 2020
hairs, shorter than to somewhat exceeding achene; stamens 3; anthers 3 mm; styles linear, 2–3-fid, base not or scarcely enlarged, deciduous in fruit. Achenes
18 KB (736 words) - 01:57, 30 July 2020
Amer. Acad. Arts 3: 302. 1856 Synonyms: Opuntia sect. Cylindropuntia (Engelmann) Moran ex H. E. Moore Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page
17 KB (804 words) - 09:14, 30 July 2020
Polycodium); pistil 4–5-carpellate; ovary inferior, 4–5-locular or pseudo 10-locular; stigma capitate. Fruits baccate, ovoid to globose, fleshy. Seeds 2–40, ellipsoid;
13 KB (607 words) - 12:52, 30 July 2020
present; buds nodding [erect]. Flowers: sepals 2 (-3), distinct; petals 4 (-6); stamens many; pistil 3-18 [-22] -carpellate; ovary 1-locular, sometimes
11 KB (522 words) - 08:35, 30 July 2020
foliaceous bracts; sepals 2 or 3, unarmed or prickly, each with erect, subterminal, hollow horn tipped with prickle; petals 6, in 2 whorls of 3; stamens 20-250 or
14 KB (554 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
(pubescent in P. alba), margins entire, sometimes ciliolate; keel crested, crest 2-lobed, often fimbriate (lobes subdivided into fingerlike lobes), glabrous (pubescent
19 KB (903 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
bracteoles usually present. Flowers usually bisexual, rarely unisexual, (0–) 4 or 5 (–7) -merous, actinomorphic; usually epigynous, rarely semiepigynous;
15 KB (668 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
usually scabrous, infrequently smooth, glabrous or with hairs; anthers (1-2) 3, 0.1-4.5 (5) mm. Poa subg. Poa is the largest subgenus of Poa. Its distribution
9 KB (1,015 words) - 03:17, 30 July 2020
nodding, 1–4-flowered clusters or 4–17-flowered racemes (panicles); bracts absent; bracteoles sometimes present. Pedicels present, proximal 1–3 subtended
22 KB (1,558 words) - 13:48, 30 July 2020
shed in single grains, binucleate, 2–4-aperturate, colpate or colporate; disc absent; gynophore absent; pistil 1; ovary 2–5-carpellate, syncarpous basally
9 KB (382 words) - 12:04, 30 July 2020
-carpellate; styles 3 (–4), distinct or connate to 1/2 length, 2-fid [rarely unbranched]. Fruits capsules or drupes. Seeds 2 per locule, rounded-trigonous; seed-coat
16 KB (864 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
funnelform-turbinate, or cylindric; torus absent or hemispheric; carpels 1 (or 2) or 4–150, distinct, free, styles terminal, distinct; ovule 1, basal (without
5 KB (317 words) - 14:15, 30 July 2020
covering surface; paraphyses present or absent; sporangia with stalk of 2 or 3 rows of cells; indusia absent. Spores usually transparent or yellowish (rarely
9 KB (348 words) - 00:33, 30 July 2020
Involucres hemispheric to obconic or broadly cylindric, (3–) 5–15 [–25] mm diam. Phyllaries 5–21+ in 1–2 (–3) series (subequal to unequal). Receptacles convex
11 KB (947 words) - 22:31, 29 July 2020
of 2–many heads or single terminal head, sympodial; bracteoles absent below perianth. Flowers solitary or in heads. Capsules 1-locular or usually 3-locular
9 KB (398 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
Involucres obconic to hemispheric, 3–5+ mm diam. Phyllaries usually persistent, sometimes falling with cypselae, 4–18 in 1 (–2) series (usually ± erect in fruit
11 KB (916 words) - 23:52, 29 July 2020
bearded with moniliform hairs (rarely reduced, beardless); stamens 3, epipetalous; anthers 2–4-locular; ovaries y thin-walled, placentation marginal to parietal
16 KB (658 words) - 00:56, 30 July 2020
5-toothed; petals (3–) 5 (–9), connate distally, forming calyptra; nectary free, (3–) 5 (–9) glands alternating with stamens; stamens usually (3–) 5 (–9), sometimes
14 KB (773 words) - 18:13, 29 July 2020
1976. A Handbook of Succulent Plants…. 3 vols. Poole. Vol. 3. Jacobsen, H. 1977. Lexicon of Succulent Plants…, ed. 2. Poole. Pp. 395–583. Pax, F. A. and K
17 KB (1,102 words) - 09:13, 30 July 2020
Calyculi of (3–) 8+, distinct, ± herbaceous bractlets. Involucres ± globose to cylindric, 4–25+ mm diam. Phyllaries usually ± 8 in ± 2 series (usually
12 KB (827 words) - 23:22, 29 July 2020
almost isodiametric, 6–24 µm, papillose only over lumina, papillae 1–4 per cell, conic or 2-fid; marginal cells gradually shorter than basal. Sexual condition
24 KB (641 words) - 07:46, 30 July 2020
abaxial lobes 3, emarginate, adaxial 2, adaxial lip cucullate; stamens 4, didynamous, filaments glabrous, anther mucros unequal; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular
17 KB (854 words) - 19:26, 29 July 2020
petiolate, blade margins entire, dentate, sinuate, lyrate, pectinate, or 1–3-pinnatisect; cauline petiolate or sessile, blade (base cuneate, attenuate,
22 KB (1,325 words) - 12:26, 30 July 2020
campanulate to hemispheric or broader, 4–25 (–35+) mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, (16–) 20–60 (–80+) in [2–] 3–7+ series, 1-nerved (± flat, not notably
18 KB (845 words) - 15:31, 15 December 2020
glumes 2-keeled, flat or concave, usually not veined between the keels, sometimes 2-9-veined; anthers 1, 3 (2). Pedicels usually longer than 3 mm, similar
14 KB (1,071 words) - 04:25, 30 July 2020
Loudon Hort. Brit., 385. 1830. Kevin C. Nixon Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Trees or shrubs, evergreen or deciduous. Bark gray to dark-brown or black
23 KB (617 words) - 08:21, 30 July 2020
Primula); perianth and androecium hypogynous; sepals 4–5, connate proximally into tube; petals 4–5, connate proximally, corolla campanulate to salverform
12 KB (662 words) - 13:05, 30 July 2020
lodicules thick, sometimes connate, not winged; anthers (1) 2-3; ovaries glabrous; styles 2-branched, branches divergent to recurved, plumose distally.
20 KB (1,626 words) - 03:20, 30 July 2020
staminate 3–4.5 mm; pistillate 5–6 mm. Cypselae 2–2.5 mm, pubescent and papillate; pappi: staminate 6–7 mm (capillary); pistillate 6–7 mm. 2n = 28. North
12 KB (714 words) - 20:21, 29 July 2020
pinnate or leaflets 3-6-veined from base. Inflorescences terminal, usually racemes, rarely umbels or flowers solitary. Flowers 3-merous, 3-8 mm; bracteoles
16 KB (698 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
perianth and androecium hypogynous; sepals 4–6 (–9 in Trientalis and some Lysimachia), connate proximally; petals 4–6 (–9 in Trientalis and some Lysimachia
11 KB (679 words) - 13:07, 30 July 2020
or suborbiculate, (0.6–) 1–4 (–5) cm, thin to coriaceous, firm to floppy, base narrowly cuneate to rounded, lobes 0 or 1–3 per side, sinuses usually shallow
22 KB (1,233 words) - 13:46, 30 July 2020
florets entire, bilobed, trilobed, or 4-lobed, 3-veined, veins usually extended into 3 short awns; paleas of lowest florets 2-veined, veins sometimes excurrent;
16 KB (1,065 words) - 04:46, 30 July 2020
winged; pollen 3-colpate. Fruits silicles or siliques, dehiscent or indehiscent, usually segmented, usually latiseptate or terete (subterete or 4-angled in
6 KB (533 words) - 12:20, 30 July 2020
Inflorescences axillary, 4–12-flowered, 0.75–2.5 × 1–3 cm. Flowers 5–8 mm diam.; hypanthia campanulate, 2–4 mm; sepals triangular, 1.5–2 mm; petals white, obovate
20 KB (1,036 words) - 14:24, 30 July 2020
with (2) 3-35 spikelets associated with each rachis node; rachises with scabrous or ciliate edges; internodes 3.5-12 (15) mm. Spikelets 1/2 - 33/4 times
20 KB (1,611 words) - 03:05, 30 July 2020
with 3–7 pairs or trios of sporophylls, each sporophyll with 2–8 pollen-sacs. Seed-cones maturing in 1 or 2 years, globose to ovoid and berrylike, 3–20 mm
12 KB (667 words) - 00:26, 30 July 2020
subglobose; sepals persistent, (3 or) 4, sometimes rudimentary (Myriophyllum), petals often caducous, sometimes persistent, (3 or) 4, or 0 or rudimentary (Proserpinaca)
11 KB (512 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
overlapping bases), coarsely barbellate, apically attenuate bristles in 2–4 series. x = (2, 3, 4) 5. w North America, Mexico Species 17 (9 in the flora). As here
13 KB (844 words) - 22:21, 29 July 2020
occasionally inclined, 0.5–3 (–7) mm, exothecial cells rectangular, 25–30 µm, ca. 2–3: 1, walls thin or evenly thickened; annulus of 1–2 rows of vesiculose cells
26 KB (1,447 words) - 07:08, 30 July 2020
(rarely 4–) 5, yellowish, hooded, broadly obovate to obcordate, clawed; nectary thin, lining hypanthium; stamens (rarely 4–) 5; ovary superior, (2–) 3-locular;
10 KB (499 words) - 18:33, 29 July 2020
page 3, 6. Annuals, biennials, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs (usually taprooted, perennating bases sometimes woody, sometimes rhizomes), mostly 3–150
16 KB (907 words) - 23:04, 29 July 2020
appears in FNA Volume 2. Stems long-creeping to ascending to erect, 1.5–12 mm or more diam. Blades 1-pinnate to pinnate-pinnatifid, rarely 2-pinnate, proximal
14 KB (584 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
straight. Flowers 3–25 mm diam. (smallest ones with erect petals); epicalyx bractlets 5; hypanthium shallowly cupulate, 0.5–3 × 2.5–7 mm; sepals 5, spreading
22 KB (1,357 words) - 14:09, 30 July 2020
Flowers unisexual; perianth absent; stamens 1–3; anthers 2–4 mm, apex usually mucronate or awned; styles linear, 2–3-fid, base deciduous or persistent, hypogynium
13 KB (648 words) - 01:45, 30 July 2020
membranous, not saccate, less than 1/2 as long as the spikelets, 1-7-veined; upper glumes membranous to herbaceous at maturity, 1/2 as long as to nearly equaling
17 KB (1,129 words) - 04:14, 30 July 2020
long-pedicellate; sepals persistent, 3; petals deciduous, 3, delicate; stamens 0, 6, 9, or to 30, distinct; anthers 2-loculed, dehiscing longitudinally;
9 KB (384 words) - 00:56, 30 July 2020
prostrate, straight or zigzagged, 4-gonous, ribs obscure or absent, smooth or papillose-scabridulous. Leaves: ocrea 4–8-veined, proximal part not pruinose;
11 KB (812 words) - 10:09, 30 July 2020
mucilaginous. Spines (0–) 4–55 per areole, white, yellow, reddish, brown, or black, subulate or acicular to bristlelike, (0–) 3–150 × 0.1–2.5 mm, hard, smooth
24 KB (1,147 words) - 09:19, 30 July 2020
indurate in fruit; petals 3, maroon or green, usually shorter than sepals; stamens (3–) 5–15 (–25); carpels 3; style 0–0.5 mm; stigmas 3, dark red, fimbriate-plumose
11 KB (511 words) - 11:39, 30 July 2020
short-rostrate; peristome diplolepidous-alternate, rarely reduced or absent, 4: 2:4–6 (–8); exostome white, pale-yellow to brown, or rarely red, teeth triangular
15 KB (690 words) - 07:39, 30 July 2020
at nodes. > 4 4 Shrubs matlike, 0.1–0.3 m; stems prostrate or spreading. > 5 5 Leaf blade margins sharply dentate to spinose-dentate, teeth 3–9. > 6 6 Leaves
14 KB (504 words) - 18:27, 29 July 2020
more than 4 mm, smooth or papillose. Inflorescences racemose, with 2–10 spikes; proximal bracts leaflike, sheathless or short-sheathed, less than 4 mm, shorter
14 KB (621 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
lobes 3, adaxial 2; stamens 4, didynamous, included, filaments glabrous or pubescent proximally; staminode 0; ovary 1-locular (sometimes irregularly 2-locular
22 KB (1,669 words) - 19:24, 29 July 2020
than leaves. Fruits erect. Seeds rectangular to crescent-shaped, 1.3-3.3 × 1.1-2.3 mm, not ringed on proximal end, ± wing-margined; seed-coats usually
8 KB (562 words) - 08:23, 30 July 2020
unequal, or (with calyculi) 12–25+ in 2–3 series and oblong or lanceolate to linear, subequal; margins ± hyaline, 0.05–2.5 mm, apices obtuse to acute or acuminate
16 KB (748 words) - 20:19, 29 July 2020
short-linear, rarely rectangular or hexagonal, 1-stratose or sometimes partially 2- or multistratose, smooth or rarely prorate or papillose. Perichaetia with
21 KB (586 words) - 07:42, 30 July 2020
campanulate or funnelform, outer 3 lobes narrower than inner 3; stamens 3, epitepalous, opposite inner perianth lobes, alternating with 3 staminodia (staminodia
12 KB (690 words) - 06:01, 30 July 2020
straight or arcuate; peristome single, 16 teeth, split 1/3–1/2 their length into 2, rarely 3, divisions, vertically pitted-striolate proximally, papillose
26 KB (1,278 words) - 06:56, 30 July 2020
column; stamens 2–4 (–6), often unequal; filaments arising from floral axis, rarely epipetalous; anthers mostly black, 1–2-locular, 2–4-sporangiate, versatile
13 KB (443 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
glabrous or pubescent; beak 0.5–3 mm, ca. 1/2 length of body, orifice entire to bidentate, teeth to 1 mm. Stigmas 3. Achenes trigonous, smaller than to
18 KB (940 words) - 02:10, 30 July 2020
scarious or membranous distally, 2-veined, veins terminating at or beyond midlength; lodicules 2, free, glabrous; anthers 3; ovaries glabrous. Caryopses shorter
22 KB (1,516 words) - 03:14, 30 July 2020
obconic, densely pubescent, sometimes glabrous; sepals narrowly triangular, 1/2–2/3 petal length, margins entire or slightly glandular-serrate, apex usually
20 KB (1,294 words) - 13:44, 30 July 2020
sepals persistent, 2 (–9), equal or subequal when paired, margins entire, toothed, or glandular-toothed, herbaceous or scarious; petals (4–) 5–10 (–19), twisting
13 KB (537 words) - 09:45, 30 July 2020
clema, plant shoot, ancient name of a vine Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Vines, ± woody, sometimes only at base, climbing by means of tendril-like
9 KB (493 words) - 08:33, 30 July 2020
tube base not spurred or gibbous, lobes 0 or 3 or 4 (or 5), abaxial 2 or 3 (or 4), adaxial 1; stamens 2, epipetalous or inserted on receptacle, filaments
15 KB (823 words) - 19:22, 29 July 2020
stem leaves 1.2–1.5 mm and stems usually 1–2 cm and slender (related to the leaf size); ‘medium’ refers to stem leaves 1.5–3 mm and stems 2–4 cm; ‘large’
18 KB (782 words) - 07:52, 30 July 2020
discoid, borne singly or (2–300+) in paniculiform to corymbiform arrays. Involucres ± globose, hemispheric, obconic, or ovoid, 4–34 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent
13 KB (702 words) - 15:32, 15 December 2020
sometimes glanddotted; styles 3–5+ mm, branches 1–1.8 mm, proximal 1/2–4/5 stigmatic, apices acute to rounded. Cypselae 1.5–3.5 (–4) mm; pappi usually coroniform
10 KB (649 words) - 22:36, 29 July 2020
keels scabrous, glabrous or with hairs at midlength; anthers 3, vestigial (0.1-0.2 mm) or 1.3-4.5 (5) mm. Poa sect. Madropoa is confined to North America
10 KB (1,045 words) - 03:20, 30 July 2020
paleas less than 1/2 as long as the lemmas; lodicules usually present, 2, free, membranous, glabrous, heavily vascularized; anthers 1-3; ovaries glabrous;
11 KB (771 words) - 04:51, 30 July 2020
orange-pink, elliptic to oblong; styles (2–) 3, mostly spreading, distinct or connate proximally; stigmas 2–3, capitate. Achenes included or exserted,
11 KB (904 words) - 10:08, 30 July 2020
long-conic, sometimes short-rostrate; peristome double [rarely absent], 4: 2:4–6 (–8); exostome white, pale-yellow to brown, or sometimes dark reddish-brown
17 KB (677 words) - 07:39, 30 July 2020
exserted, flattened distally, 0.2–1.1 mm diam., tip straight to recurved or coiled, distal (40–) 50–100% hairy, hairs to 4 mm; style glabrous, sometimes
21 KB (880 words) - 19:09, 29 July 2020
singly. Involucres cylindric to campanulate or hemispheric, 3–9 mm diam. Phyllaries 20–40 in 2–5 series (mid usually green, sometimes red or purple), 1-nerved
19 KB (1,032 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
single, collarlike structure extending 1/2 - 2/3 around the base of the ovaries; anthers (2) 3. Caryopses usually 2-3 mm, smooth, glabrous, longitudinally
16 KB (1,258 words) - 02:39, 30 July 2020
absent. Staminate flowers: sepals 4, not petaloid, 1–2 [–3] mm, valvate, distinct [connate]; petals 0; nectary absent; stamens 4–8, distinct; anthers elongated
17 KB (923 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
turbinate or broadly campanulate, 1–12+ mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 3–21+ in 1–2 series (connate to 7/8+ their lengths, usually streaked and/or dotted
11 KB (696 words) - 15:28, 15 December 2020
adaxially, lobes 5, abaxial 3, 2 as wings, middle lobe of abaxial lip (keel) folded lengthwise, enclosing stamens and styles, adaxial 2, distal portion spreading
16 KB (737 words) - 19:04, 29 July 2020
anthers 1-2-locular. Pistillate flowers: sepals or calyx lobes 4, ± connate; pistils 1, 1-2-carpellate; ovary 1, superior or inferior, 1 (-2) -locular;
9 KB (490 words) - 08:32, 30 July 2020
widely liguliform or oblanceolate, rarely ovate to elliptic. Scape: bracts 2–3, triangular, ovate, or lanceolate. Inflorescences umbellate, bracteate; each
14 KB (860 words) - 05:56, 30 July 2020
Franç. ed. 3, 4: 637. 1805, name conserved. Kingsley R. Stern Etymology: Greek korydallis, crested lark Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Herbs, annual
10 KB (525 words) - 08:22, 30 July 2020
sometimes with 3 distinct awns or unawned; paleas usually shorter than the lemmas, ciliate on the keels, adnate to the caryopses; anthers (2) 3. x = 7. Conn
16 KB (1,697 words) - 02:52, 30 July 2020
bracts) 2, mostly leaflike; bracts subtending inflorescence branches 1–2, reduced; bracteoles subtending flowers 2–3. Flowers: tepals 6, in 2 whorls; stamens
7 KB (466 words) - 00:53, 30 July 2020
torus usually enlarged; carpels (2 or) 3–250 (–450), styles terminal (subterminal in Waldsteinia), distinct; ovules 1 or 2, basal, superposed. Fruits aggregated
6 KB (393 words) - 14:33, 30 July 2020
trichomes sessile, medifixed, appressed, 2-rayed (malpighiaceous) or 3–5 (–8) -rayed (stellate), rays (when 2) parallel to long axis of stems, leaves,
17 KB (1,002 words) - 12:29, 30 July 2020
ramulosa, Lessingia tenuis, Lessingia virgata Chamisso Linnaea 4: 203, plate 2, fig. 2. 1829. Staci Markos Etymology: For C. F. Lessing, 1809–1862, German-born
12 KB (729 words) - 20:57, 29 July 2020
urceolate, (2.5–) 6–32 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent (or inner falling), usually (6–) 16–30 (–40) in 2 series and unequal, sometimes 28–50 in 2–3 series and
15 KB (1,046 words) - 22:37, 29 July 2020
opposite or whorled bracts. Involucre ± actinomorphic, not spurred; glands [0–] (2–) 5, slightly concave, flat, or slightly convex; appendages usually petaloid
16 KB (581 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
to fringed or emarginate; lip lobed, 3-partite, spurred at base, margins entire to fringed; pollinaria 2; pollinia 2; viscidia free; stigma entire. Fruits
17 KB (518 words) - 05:23, 30 July 2020
longer and thicker than pendent branches. Branch fascicles with 2 (–3) spreading and 1–2 pendent branches. Branch stems green, surrounded by 1 layer of
19 KB (686 words) - 07:06, 30 July 2020
than more distal cells, 1–2 (–4):1; medial and distal cells rhomboidal to elongate-hexagonal, 8–16 (–20) µm wide, usually (3–) 4–8: 1, walls thin to moderately
12 KB (668 words) - 07:35, 30 July 2020
bracteoles 2, at base of perianth. Flowers borne singly, not in heads. Capsules 1-locular (placentae 1/2–3/4 distance to central axis) or 3-locular, rarely
9 KB (421 words) - 00:51, 30 July 2020
tepals rounded; anthers whitish yellow. Achenes ovate to ovatelanceolate, 2–3-gonous, shiny or dull, smooth to roughened or tubercled. Nearly worldwide
13 KB (1,076 words) - 10:08, 30 July 2020
sometimes borne singly. Involucres campanulate, 3–6 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 8–30 in 2 (–3) series, 0-nerved or 2-nerved, lanceolate to linear, ± equal (herbaceous)
11 KB (480 words) - 22:58, 29 July 2020
hypanthium; filaments distinct; styles 3, distinct or nearly so, filiform, 0.2–3 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 3, linear along adaxial surface of styles
13 KB (764 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
lanceoloid or ovoid, terete to weakly 4-angled dehiscent nearly throughout their length; sessile. Seeds numerous, in (1 or) 2 rows per locule, prismatic and angled
10 KB (907 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
pedicellate; sepals deciduous soon after anthesis, 3-5; petals yellow; nectary scale attached on 3 sides, forming pocket enclosing nectary, or sometimes
9 KB (584 words) - 08:33, 30 July 2020
unbranched or 3-branched. Fruits capsular, 3-locular, 6-angled or winged, thin-walled, ± rounded, dehiscence loculicidal. Seeds many, in 2 rows per locule
13 KB (449 words) - 05:41, 30 July 2020
Spikelets (4) 4.5-10 mm, lengths 3-5 times widths, terete to weakly laterally compressed or distinctly compressed, sometimes bulbiferous; florets (2) 3-5 (10)
9 KB (1,082 words) - 03:24, 30 July 2020
Boerhavia triquetra, Boerhavia wrightii Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 3. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 4. 1754. Richard W. Spellenberg Common names: Spiderling Etymology:
15 KB (627 words) - 09:17, 30 July 2020
slits]; pistil 1, (2–) 3-carpellate, carpels nearly distinct to completely connate in ovary [connate throughout], ovary superior, (2–) 3-locular, placentation
14 KB (623 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
ring, sometimes in 5 barely discernable fascicles, each of 1–2 stamens; ovary (2–) 3 (–4) -merous; placentation parietal; styles ± spreading, bases distinct;
10 KB (391 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
symmetric to slightly bilaterally symmetric; perianth in 2 distinct sets of 3; stamens in 2 series of 3; ovary inferior or superior; placentation axile. Fruits
7 KB (354 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
pubescent or glabrous; flowers gaping only from 2/3–3/4 their lengths from base, tubular portion more than 3 mm; lip white, creamy, yellow, or green in center
18 KB (547 words) - 05:22, 30 July 2020
branches with spikelets in 2 rows on 1 side of the branch axes. Spikelets solitary, sessile to pedicellate, laterally compressed, with 2-3 (5) florets, usually
21 KB (1,159 words) - 04:42, 30 July 2020
side of blades with 2 lateral-veins more prominent than midvein, widest leaf-blades 5+ mm, glabrous. Inflorescences racemose, with 3–6 spikes; proximal
12 KB (663 words) - 02:07, 30 July 2020
albiflorum), 3–35-flowered (1–2-flowered in R. albiflorum); perulae brownish, scalelike, dry. (Pedicels horizontal to erect (recurved); bracteoles 2, brownish
21 KB (889 words) - 13:16, 30 July 2020
megasporophylls and microsporophylls same size, in 4 alternating ranks, appressed, base usually with 2 diverging flaps or auricles, auricles protecting sporangia
17 KB (719 words) - 00:22, 30 July 2020
toothed 1/4–3/4 or lobed to base, rarely entire, sparsely to densely hairy; terminal leaflets distinct or indistinct. Cauline leaves (0–) 1–2 (–4), not paired;
13 KB (1,038 words) - 14:03, 30 July 2020
inconspicuous, 0.1–0.3 mm, with or without abaxial suture, margins entire or sparsely and minutely serrulate, apex entire or bidentate. Stigmas 2. Achenes biconvex
11 KB (598 words) - 01:52, 30 July 2020
to subspheric, 4.2–30 × 3.5–21 (–25) mm, thin walled, fleshy, becoming dry at maturity, naked or with few broad, thin scales; pulp greenish to white, scant;
19 KB (1,100 words) - 09:23, 30 July 2020
terminal awn; paleas similar to the lemmas, 3-10-veined, 1-keeled; lodicules 2; anthers usually 6 (1-16); styles 2, bases fused or free, stigmas linear, plumose
9 KB (719 words) - 02:55, 30 July 2020
same plants; bract 1, bracteoles (0-) 2. Staminate flowers: calyx 2-6-lobed or absent; corolla absent; stamens 3-50; filaments very short or absent; anthers
8 KB (287 words) - 08:26, 30 July 2020
nectary usually present; stamens 2–10; filaments distinct or connate less than 1/2 their lengths, hairy on proximal 1/2 or basally, rarely glabrous; anthers
14 KB (582 words) - 12:06, 30 July 2020
to the costa, flanked by a broad, 1 (rarely 2) -stratose lamina, rarely with abaxial lamellae; margins 1 (–3) -stratose, entire, denticulate, serrate, or
18 KB (1,106 words) - 06:45, 30 July 2020
Pedicels present. Flowers 4–46 mm diam.; epicalyx bractlets, if present, 5 (10 in G. glaciale); hypanthium saucer-shaped to cupshaped, 2–6 mm; sepals 5 (–10
22 KB (1,259 words) - 14:34, 30 July 2020
often papillose at the apex, covering operculum to 1/2 of capsule. Worldwide Genera 4, species ca. 75 (4 genera, 28 species in the flora). Subfamily Racomitrioideae
11 KB (655 words) - 06:51, 30 July 2020
pumila, Ambrosia salsola, Ambrosia tomentosa, Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 987. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 425. 1754. John L. Strother Common names: Ragweed
16 KB (728 words) - 23:11, 29 July 2020
Chamissonis Maguire (Asteraceae). Asia Life Sci. 3: 89–212. Maguire, B. 1943. A monograph of the genus Arnica. Brittonia 4: 386–510. Wolf, S. J and K. E. Denford
16 KB (834 words) - 23:57, 29 July 2020
entire; apex acuminate or sometimes acute to rounded; costa usually double, 1/4–2/3 leaf length, sometimes single or nearly ecostate; alar cells sometimes differentiated;
9 KB (433 words) - 07:44, 30 July 2020
pistillate flowers); ovary superior, 2–4-locular; styles 2–4, connate proximally. Fruits drupes; stones 2–4, longitudinally dehiscent. Seeds obovoid or oblong-obovoid
12 KB (452 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
broadly rounded, acute, or acuminate; ecostate to costa percurrent, sometimes 2-fid, occasionally sinuate distally; alar cells shorter than laminal cells,
16 KB (613 words) - 07:45, 30 July 2020
suborbiculate, 3–8 cm, ± coriaceous to ± thin, lobes 0 or 1–4 per side, obscure to evident and sinuses shallow to deep, veins (3 or) 4–9 (–12) per side
8 KB (677 words) - 14:35, 30 July 2020
possibly referring to bluish gray leaves Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants
15 KB (692 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
numbers vary from 2 x to 6 x. Two species, Asplenium trichomanes and A. heterochroum, occur in different levels of polyploidy—2 x and 4 x, and 4 x and 6 x, respectively
8 KB (637 words) - 00:22, 30 July 2020
rotate, 0.9–4 (–5.2) × 0.6–3.5 (–7.5) cm; outer tepal margins entire or fringed; inner tepals yellow, white, rose-pink, magenta, or maroon, 4–30 × 1.5–8
18 KB (1,104 words) - 09:27, 30 July 2020
689. 1987 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Roots 1-5 (-9) -branched from within 1 cm of stem attachment, 2-7 (-16) cm, cormlike to fascicled or fibrous
13 KB (670 words) - 08:25, 30 July 2020
in 1-2 (4) rows, with 2 florets, lower or upper glumes adjacent to the branch axes. Glumes not saccate basally; lower glumes usually 1/5 – 2/3 as long
18 KB (1,245 words) - 04:10, 30 July 2020
nectary 5 glands; pistil 3 (–4) -carpellate; styles 3, distinct or connate proximally, 2-fid, branches 6 per flower, [2 times 2-fid]. Fruits capsules, not
14 KB (666 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
lodicules 2, broadly lanceolate, margins ciliate; anthers 3, usually yellowish. Caryopses usually tightly enclosed in the lemma and palea at maturity. 2n = 14
14 KB (1,269 words) - 02:55, 30 July 2020
schizopetalus, Hibiscus striatus, Hibiscus syriacus, Hibiscus trionum Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 693. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 310. 1754. Orland J. Blanchard Jr. Common names:
20 KB (1,253 words) - 11:27, 30 July 2020
to evergreen habit of some species Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Rootstock 2 (–3) -lobed, nearly globose to horizontally spindle-shaped and proliferous
15 KB (1,109 words) - 00:22, 30 July 2020
montanus, Penstemon newberryi, Penstemon personatus, Penstemon rupicola "/3-3/4timescorollathroat" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this
10 KB (581 words) - 19:05, 29 July 2020
funnelform throats, lobes (4–) 5, deltate to lanceovate (lobes ± equal and corollas actinomorphic, not 2-lipped, or lobes unequal with 3 or 4 forming an adaxial
14 KB (1,174 words) - 23:30, 29 July 2020
diverse C. claviformis (11 subspp.), C. scapoidea (4 subspp.), C. walkeri (2 subspp.), and C. brevipes (3 subspp.). Chylismia scapoidea is the only species
11 KB (951 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
numerous rows (2 rows in Distichium); costa single, well developed, subpercurrent to excurrent, in section with 1 row of guide cells and 2 stereid bands
12 KB (480 words) - 06:59, 30 July 2020
grooves. Staminate flowers: petals 3–4 (–6), triangular, distinct, radially symmetric or slightly asymmetric; stamens 3–4 (–6); anthers 1-locular, dehiscing
13 KB (906 words) - 17:24, 5 October 2020
names: Pokeweed Family Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 3. Mentioned on page 4, 11, 12. Herbs, subshrubs, shrubs, trees, or vines, annual
10 KB (597 words) - 09:11, 30 July 2020
flower, referring to the marginal sporangia Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants
22 KB (1,068 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
nectary; sepals 4, usually reflexed in pairs, sometimes separately; petals 4, yellow, fading red, with 1+ red dots basally; stamens 8, in 2 unequal series
13 KB (827 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
Calyptra mitrate or cucullate, not erose, small to medium, usually covering 1/2 or less of capsule, sometimes just covering operculum, smooth. North America
25 KB (759 words) - 06:48, 30 July 2020