candelabralike; twigs stout (1–2cm thick), greenish, aging deep gray-brown to near black, rough. Buds conic-ovoid, pale-brown, to 2.5cm; scale margins white-fringed
9 KB (612 words) - 00:23, 30 July 2020
ground level, stalk 2-4 times length of trophophore; sporangial clusters 20-40 × 1-4 mm, with 10-35 pairs of sporangia, apiculum 1-1.5mm. 2n =ca. 1320. Phenology:
6 KB (564 words) - 00:22, 30 July 2020
ovoid-acuminate, pale redbrown, ca. 1cm, resinous. Leaves 5 per fascicle, upcurved, persisting 10–17 years, (2–) 3–4cm × 0.8–1mm, mostly connivent, deep blue-green
7 KB (508 words) - 00:31, 30 July 2020
apex short-acuminate; sheath to 2.4cm, base persistent. Pollen cones ellipsoid, 10–15mm, yellow. Seed-cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds soon thereafter
8 KB (555 words) - 00:27, 30 July 2020
purplish green. Seed-cones cylindric, 6–12 × 2–4cm, dark purple, sessile, apex rounded; scales ca. 1.5 × 1.7cm, densely pubescent; bracts included (specimens
10 KB (849 words) - 00:34, 30 July 2020
ringed at base by a nectary, distally 2-branched with stigmatic papillae borne on adaxial face of each branch in 2 separate or contiguous lines or in 1
275 KB (5,940 words) - 15:30, 15 December 2020
follicetums cylindric to nearly ovoid, 2.5–6.5 × 1.5–4cm; leaf blade 17–56cm; stamens 170–350; pistils 20–50. Magnolia ashei 4 Leaf blade rhombic-obovate to obovate-spatulate
9 KB (426 words) - 08:23, 30 July 2020
all alike within a floret, sometimes 1 or 2 evidently longer than the others; ovaries 1-loculed, with (1) 2-3 (4) styles or style-branches, stigmatic region
35 KB (1,876 words) - 02:36, 30 July 2020
acute to acuminate; sheath 2–2.5 (–3) cm, base persistent. Pollen cones cylindric, 30–80mm, purplish. Seed-cones maturing in 2 years, quickly shedding seeds
7 KB (523 words) - 00:26, 30 July 2020
subulate; sheath 2–4cm, base persistent. Pollen cones ovoid to cylindric, to 25mm, light purple-brown, aging orangebrown. Seed-cones maturing in 2 years, gradually
7 KB (478 words) - 00:32, 30 July 2020
persisting 2 years, (20–) 25–45cm × 2mm, dull green, all surfaces with fine stomatal lines, margins coarsely serrulate, apex conic-subulate; sheath 3–4cm, base
7 KB (508 words) - 00:34, 30 July 2020
distinct; anthers basifixed; pistils 1, 2–3 (–4) -carpellate, fused, locule 1; style undivided or branches 2–3 (–4); stigma sometimes papillate. Fruits achenes
24 KB (775 words) - 01:21, 30 July 2020
glabrous, resinous, margins entire, apex sharp-pointed. Leaves 1.2–2.5cm × 1.5–2mm, 2-ranked, particularly in lower parts of tree, to spiraled, flexible;
8 KB (559 words) - 00:31, 30 July 2020
crenate, apex sharp-pointed. Leaves 2–3.7cm × 2mm, mostly 1-ranked, flexible, the proximal portion often appressed to twig for 2–3mm (best seen on abaxial surface
9 KB (788 words) - 00:26, 30 July 2020
ellipsoid, redbrown, 0.5–1cm, resinous. Leaves (1–) 2 (–3) per fascicle, upcurved, persisting 4–6 years, 2–4cm × (0.9–) 1–1.5mm, connivent, 2-sided (1-leaved fascicles
8 KB (550 words) - 00:27, 30 July 2020
purple, 4.2–6.5 × ca. 1.5 mm; petals white or lilac (with darker purple veins), 8–11 × 2.5–4 mm, claw undifferentiated from blade; filaments 1.5–2.5 mm;
6 KB (662 words) - 11:59, 30 July 2020
Mastrogiuseppe & J.Mastrogiuseppe Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Trees to 22m; trunk to 2.6m diam., erect or leaning; crown broadly conic to irregular.
9 KB (685 words) - 00:35, 30 July 2020
Columbia, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington (key 2, p. 228); Nevada and Utah (key 3, p. 231); Arizona and New Mexico (key 4, p. 237); Alberta, Colorado, Montana,
80 KB (1,352 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
rarely 5-veined, if with 7-13 veins, the veins often in 3 groups; lodicules 2, or absent, x = 7, 8, 9, 10, 12. Most members of the Cynodonteae in the Flora
34 KB (1,217 words) - 04:33, 30 July 2020
deciduous or variously persistent, linear, 2–3 (–4) -fid. Achenes biconvex, planoconvex, or trigonous, rarely 4-angled. x = 10. Worldwide Species ca. 2000
80 KB (3,349 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
or pyramidal) protuberances to coalescent as vertical ribs; ribs 2–30 [–40+], if ribs 2, stems winged, if ribs 3 or more, stems ± angled; short-shoots (areoles)
40 KB (1,967 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
yellow, sometimes white, ochroleucous, or cyanic, actinomorphic, not 2-lipped, lobes (4–) 5; anther bases obtuse or rounded, not tailed, apical appendages
79 KB (1,886 words) - 20:55, 29 July 2020
usually with 2-22 florets, sometimes with 1, sterile florets usually distal to the reproductively functional florets, sometimes with 1 or 2 staminate or
45 KB (1,179 words) - 03:07, 30 July 2020
Annuals, biennials, or perennials [subshrubs, shrubs, trees], (0.5–) 2–90 (–100) cm (taprooted, fibrous-rooted, or rhizomatous and fibrous-rooted, sometimes
97 KB (2,063 words) - 21:58, 29 July 2020
appendaged, margins entire or emarginate to 2-fid, rarely pinnatifid [fimbriate or filiform]; stamens (2 or 4) 6 [8–24], in 2 whorls, usually tetradynamous (lateral
107 KB (3,718 words) - 12:07, 30 July 2020
superior to inferior, (2–) 3 (–4) -locular, often with septal nectaries, ovules usually several or many per locule; styles 1 or 3 (–4); stigmas several and
29 KB (1,493 words) - 05:37, 30 July 2020
from 2/3 as long as to subequal to the lemmas, distinctly 2-keeled, margins and intercostal regions milky white to slightly greenish; lodicules 2, broadly
87 KB (2,178 words) - 03:17, 30 July 2020
rarely between ovary and perianth or ovary and pedicel; perianth of 6 tepals in 2 whorls, all petaloid or sepals sometimes greener and more foliaceous in texture;
41 KB (2,210 words) - 05:19, 30 July 2020
or broader, or rotate. Phyllaries persistent or falling, usually 8–40+ in 2–4+ series, usually distinct, usually lanceolate, linear, orbiculate, or ovate
21 KB (800 words) - 22:59, 29 July 2020
broadly ovate to suborbiculate, 1–8 (–12) cm, length 1.6–2 times width, coriaceous to thin, lobes 0 or 1–4 or 5 (–9), sinuses usually shallow, sometimes
28 KB (995 words) - 14:38, 30 July 2020
usually dorsally compressed, varying to terete or laterally compressed, with 2 (3) florets, lower florets staminate, sterile, or reduced, upper florets usually
21 KB (1,188 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
1977[1978]. The Biology and Chemistry of the Compositae. 2 vols. London, New York, and San Francisco. Vol. 2, pp. 621–671. Turner, B. L. and M. C. Johnston. 1957
30 KB (1,803 words) - 22:30, 29 July 2020
singly. Calyculi 0 or of 1–15+ bractlets in 1 (–2+) series. Phyllaries persistent or falling, usually in 1–2 series, usually distinct, equal to subequal,
23 KB (1,021 words) - 21:10, 29 July 2020
Sida spinosa, Sida tragiifolia, Sida ulmifolia, Sida urens Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 683. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 306. 1754. Paul A. Fryxell†, Steven R. Hill Common
13 KB (672 words) - 11:32, 30 July 2020
or absent, blade apex entire, notched, or 2 (-4) -fid, sometimes dentate or laciniate; stamens 1-10, in 1 or 2 whorls, arising from base of ovary, nectariferous
29 KB (1,113 words) - 10:14, 30 July 2020
with internal protrusion dividing carpel into 2 cells, dehiscence loculicidal, rarely indehiscent. Seeds 2–30, often reniform, glabrous or hairy. Nearly
20 KB (532 words) - 11:23, 30 July 2020
rotate, cupulate, campanulate, salverform, or funnelform; stamens (2–) 3–5, with 4 mostly connate in pairs, appearing as only (1–) 3 stamens; anthers connate
19 KB (877 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
unbranched or branched. Leaves in a basal rosette and cauline, cauline 1–2 (–) 4 cm; blade margins subentire or remotely dentate. Inflorescences solitary
6 KB (783 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
usually persistent (readily falling), usually in 2–8+ series, distinct, and unequal, sometimes in 1–2 series, distinct, and subequal to equal, usually
17 KB (728 words) - 22:41, 29 July 2020
directed forward; stamens 4, didynamous, filaments glabrous or spreading-hairy (C. exserta), pollen-sacs 2, unequal; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation
79 KB (2,746 words) - 18:50, 29 July 2020
often glandular; blade ± ovate to narrowly elliptic or obovate, (1.2–) 2–8 (–12) cm, wider leaves shallowly to deeply incised (rarely pinnately compound)
26 KB (2,400 words) - 15:31, 15 December 2020
Mentioned on page 3, 9, 12, 18, 458, 459, 461, 462, 466. Annuals or perennials, 2–200 cm (colonial or cespitose, usually ± strongly heterophyllous, usually eglandular
62 KB (1,546 words) - 15:28, 15 December 2020
subshrubs 100–200 cm that are initially arachnose to tomentose, soon glabrescent, and have oblanceolate to linear or filiform leaves (2–7 cm), notably small
30 KB (1,295 words) - 21:10, 29 July 2020
absent or round and smooth, tomentose to floccose or glabrous; bracts usually 2–10 sometimes more, scalelike, semileaflike, or leaflike. Peduncles absent (or
24 KB (947 words) - 10:41, 30 July 2020
Vaccinioideae); hypanthium absent; sepals absent or (2–) 4–5 (–7), distinct or connate basally; petals (2–) 4–5 (–8), rarely absent or highly reduced, connate
33 KB (1,383 words) - 13:10, 30 July 2020
medially), usually (12–30+) in 3–10+ series, distinct, and unequal, sometimes in 1–2 series, distinct and subequal to equal, medially herbaceous to membranous or
25 KB (1,822 words) - 20:30, 29 July 2020
absent, auricles 2, coronal appendages 2, variously shaped or dissected; limb usually exserted and conspicuous, oblanceolate to obovate, apex 2-lobed, sometimes
36 KB (1,364 words) - 10:24, 30 July 2020
or curled, sometimes borne between 2 minute teeth; paleas shorter than or equal to the lemmas, 2-veined; anthers (1-2) 3, purple, orange, yellow, or olivaceous
42 KB (1,621 words) - 04:38, 30 July 2020
June to fall, usually partially or totally cleistogamous. Spikelets 0.8-5.2 mm, not subtended by bristles, dorsally compressed, surfaces unequally convex
26 KB (1,343 words) - 04:00, 30 July 2020
to Jepson (Fl. Calif. 436, 1914).” Atriplex sibirica Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 2: 1493. 1763 This was supposedly collected in northeastern United States,
45 KB (1,022 words) - 09:34, 30 July 2020
deltate to linear; anther thecae pale; stigmatic papillae in 2 lines. Cypselae mostly obpyramidal and 4–5-angled, sometimes clavate, columnar, cylindric, or fusiform
17 KB (818 words) - 23:57, 29 July 2020
longitudinally bowed-out by the caryopses, 2-keeled, keels usually ciliate, intercostal region membranous or hyaline; anthers 2-3; ovaries glabrous; styles free
33 KB (1,388 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
falling, of 2 (–3) usually lanceolate, aristate, or erose scales (at the 2 principal angles, 1–5 mm) plus 0–8 usually shorter scales (0.2–2 mm). x = 17
32 KB (1,118 words) - 23:14, 29 July 2020
orange-red, usually obcordate or broadly obovate, emarginate; stamens 8, in 2 unequal series with episepalous longer or rarely subequal, erect, anthers versatile
32 KB (1,609 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
Die nordamerikanischen Arten der Gattung Cirsium. Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35(2): 223–567. Cirsium altissimum, Cirsium andersonii, Cirsium andrewsii, Cirsium
60 KB (2,205 words) - 13:43, 10 February 2021
elongate in usually 2–4 rows, costa in medial transverse-section usually with a differentiated epidermis adaxially or on both sides, 1 or 2 stereid bands, the
28 KB (882 words) - 07:00, 30 July 2020
entire, crenate, or toothed. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, 2-50-flowered cymes to 25 cm or solitary flowers; bracts present or absent, small or large
15 KB (560 words) - 08:33, 30 July 2020
closed for at least 3/4 their length; those such as F. saximontana, in which they are closed from 1/3 to slightly more than 1/2 their length; and those
52 KB (3,291 words) - 03:08, 30 July 2020
triplets usually with 1 sessile and 2 pedicellate spikelets, terminal spikelet units on the branches often with 2 pedicellate spikelets even if the others
31 KB (2,561 words) - 04:21, 30 July 2020
Treatment on page 450. Plants annual or perennial; their habit variable. Culms 2-300 cm, herbaceous, sometimes hard and almost woody, or woody, simple or branched
26 KB (1,480 words) - 04:05, 30 July 2020
conspicuous, adnate to upward extension of stem surrounding ovary, 0.2–15 [–30] cm; triangular leaflike bracts or small scales sometimes present on ovary
12 KB (831 words) - 09:19, 30 July 2020
bulbiferous, with flowers borne singly, in pairs, or in umbellike clusters of 2–40+ on peduncles or the lateral branches borne by the peduncle. Flowers protandrous
24 KB (1,110 words) - 06:12, 30 July 2020
styles 2–3 (–4), distinct or connate (Saxifragopsis); stigmas 2–3 (–4), capitate. Fruits capsular, sometimes folliclelike (Cascadia, Micranthes), 2–3 (–4)
27 KB (1,591 words) - 13:14, 30 July 2020
cylindric, 5–12 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, usually 8, 13, or 21 (–30+) in 1–2 series, erect (reflexed in fruit), distinct, (light to dark green, yellowish
40 KB (1,171 words) - 21:16, 29 July 2020
usually 1–2 times diams.), glabrous or hairy (faces and/or angles); pappi 0, or (often readily falling or fragile, sometimes persistent) usually of (1–) 2 (–8+)
10 KB (633 words) - 23:14, 29 July 2020
glabrous or pubescent, rarely hirsute or hispid, trichomes simple or branched, 2–14-rayed, sometimes dendritic, not stellate. Stems erect, ascending, or decumbent
73 KB (2,294 words) - 12:15, 30 July 2020
epicalyx bractlets (4 or) 5 (–10); hypanthium patelliform to cupulate, rarely turbinate, 0.5–2.5 (–5) × (1.5–) 2–7 (–10) mm; sepals (4 or) 5 (–10), spreading
31 KB (1,939 words) - 13:53, 30 July 2020
Perennials or subshrubs (dioecious, gynoecious, or polygamodioecious), (0.2–) 4–25 (–70) cm (sometimes cespitose, sometimes stoloniferous, sometimes rhizomatous)
38 KB (2,648 words) - 20:30, 29 July 2020
(usually hairy at base); anthers (dark red), with 2 (recurved), dorsal awns, dehiscent by terminal pores; ovary 2–10-locular; stigma capitate. Drupes red, reddish-brown
41 KB (2,034 words) - 13:11, 30 July 2020
vols. Leningrad. Vol. 4, pp. 29–53. Rumex subg. Acetosa, Rumex subg. Acetosella, Rumex subg. Platypodium, Rumex subg. Rumex "/2" is not declared as a valid
41 KB (1,085 words) - 10:05, 30 July 2020
1–12+ aristate, erose, laciniate, or truncate scales or awns in 1–2 series (often 2 sorts of scales in combination on 1 cypsela). w North America, Mexico
11 KB (627 words) - 23:52, 29 July 2020
racemose, with 2–20+ spikes, 1–1.5 times as long as wide in fruit; proximal bracts scalelike or bristlelike, rarely leaflike, not more than 5 cm, not more than
57 KB (937 words) - 01:54, 30 July 2020
spikes, usually exserted, with 1-3 (5) spikelets per node, internodes (1.5) 2-26 mm; rachises with scabridulous, scabrous, or ciliate edges. Spikelets usually
45 KB (3,070 words) - 03:00, 30 July 2020
dry and hardened, sometimes indehiscent (in I. giganticaerulea). Seeds 4–20, in 1–2 rows per locule, often flattened in contact with others, rounded on outer
20 KB (1,129 words) - 06:06, 30 July 2020
radially symmetric, sometimes slightly irregular (in Montia); sepals 2–9; petals (1–) 2–19 or sometimes absent, distinct or connate basally; stamens 1–many
13 KB (722 words) - 09:43, 30 July 2020
stamens 6, alternating in 2 whorls of 3, erect, incurved, or divergent; filaments mostly short, basally expanded; anthers 2-locular, ± equaling or longer
30 KB (822 words) - 06:13, 30 July 2020
(glabrous); anthers ovate or oblong, (not apiculate); nectar glands (1, 2, or 4), distinct or confluent, subtending bases of stamens, median glands present
85 KB (2,094 words) - 12:08, 30 July 2020
1 (3) -veined, unawned; paleas glabrous, 2-veined, often splitting between the veins at maturity; anthers (2) 3. Fruits utricles or achenes, ellipsoid
22 KB (1,094 words) - 04:32, 30 July 2020
distally. Seeds tan, brown, gray, or black, angled to slightly rounded, 0.4–2 (–3.5) mm. North America Species 62 (62 in the flora). Elaborate subsectional
36 KB (1,140 words) - 19:13, 29 July 2020
species, membranous. Flowers erect (pendent in A. triquetrum); tepals 6, in 2 similar whorls, ± distinct, petallike, usually becoming becoming dry and persisting;
43 KB (1,553 words) - 05:48, 30 July 2020
spurred, 8-24 mm; lateral sepals 2, ± ovate to elliptic, 8-18 mm; lower sepals 2, similar to lateral sepals; upper petals 2, spurred, enclosed in upper sepal
9 KB (574 words) - 08:34, 30 July 2020
papillate); pappi 0, or persistent, of (1–) 2–4 (–8), usually ± barbellate awns or scales, rarely coroniform or of 1–2, smooth to ciliate or barbed awns or scales
12 KB (744 words) - 23:22, 29 July 2020
epaleate. Ray-florets (0–) 2–15 (–24), pistillate, fertile; corollas yellow, rarely white (usually glabrous). Disc-florets 2–35 (–60), bisexual, fertile;
18 KB (1,000 words) - 21:32, 29 July 2020
sometimes 1–2 (–4) scales aristate, or of 1–2 (–6) or 8–35 bristles. sw United States, Mexico, South America (1 species) Genera 5, species 67 (2 genera, 36
7 KB (521 words) - 23:47, 29 July 2020
corneous, apex mostly sharp-pointed. Scape, when present, usually less than 2.5 cm diam. Inflorescences erect or rarely pendent, paniculate or racemose, sometimes
17 KB (687 words) - 06:11, 30 July 2020
Lagophylla, Layia, Madia, Osmadenia, Raillardella Bentham & Hooker f. Gen. Pl. 2: 198. 1873. Theodore M. Barkley†, Luc Brouillet, John L. Strother Treatment
15 KB (799 words) - 23:36, 29 July 2020
(less than 1 cm), medium (1–3 cm), long (more than 3 cm); leaves: small (less than 1.5 mm), medium (1.5–3 mm), large (3–4 mm), robust (more than 4 mm). None
20 KB (757 words) - 07:35, 30 July 2020
Herbs, annual, biennial, or perennial, rarely subshrubs, not viviparous, 0.2–10 dm, glabrous or hairy. Stems erect, ascending, procumbent, or creeping,
21 KB (778 words) - 13:02, 30 July 2020
nectaries as scales at base of carpels; stamens as many as sepals or 2 times as many and in 2 series, antipetalous if in 1 series, free or adnate to corolla
18 KB (1,028 words) - 12:59, 30 July 2020
curved, shorter than to 2 times longer than achene, retrorsely (to antrorsely) spinulose or sometimes smooth stamens 1–3; styles linear, 2–3-fid, base (tubercle)
13 KB (1,127 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
leaves, 1–64 (–90) [–100] -flowered, racemes, corymbs, umbellate fascicles, 2-flowered fascicles, or solitary; bracts sometimes present; bracteoles present
43 KB (1,828 words) - 14:17, 30 July 2020
1 to many spikelets. Spikelets 2-12 mm, subterete to strongly laterally compressed, sometimes bulbiferous; florets (1) 2-8 (13); rachilla internodes smooth
9 KB (1,015 words) - 03:17, 30 July 2020
absent. Pistillate flowers: sepals [3–] (4–) 5 (–9) [–10] or 0, imbricate or valvate, distinct (connate for 1/2+ length in C. argyranthemus); petals 5 (sometimes
24 KB (874 words) - 18:18, 29 July 2020
inflorescence, radially symmetric; perianth 1–2-seriate; sepals [2–] 3 [–4], distinct or connate; petals [2–] 3 [–4], distinct or variously connate; androecium:
20 KB (1,128 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
3.1–12 × 0.6–2.6 cm, apex usually acute; petals 3, ridged abaxially, with 2 adaxial longitudinal median rounded ridges, 3–11.2 × 0.6–3.4 cm, apex usually
37 KB (2,628 words) - 05:42, 30 July 2020
in capitate glomerules). Involucre ± actinomorphic, not spurred; glands (2–) 4, slightly concave, flat, or slightly convex; appendages petaloid or absent
36 KB (819 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
margins entire; stamens as many as sepals in 1 series, or 2 times as many as sepals in 2 subequal or unequal series; anthers versatile, on smallest flowers
30 KB (1,654 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
usually glabrous (rarely tomentose) adaxially; tepals connate proximally 1/5–1/2 their length, monomorphic or dimorphic; stamens included or exserted; filaments
30 KB (1,075 words) - 10:46, 30 July 2020
(1 spikelet of the pair reduced in some species), in 2 rows along 1 side of the branches, with 2 florets, first rachilla segment not swollen, upper glumes
22 KB (1,167 words) - 04:18, 30 July 2020
circular, elliptic, ovate, lanceolate, or obovate to oblanceolate, 2–60 (–120) × 1.2–40 cm, nearly smooth to tuberculate, glabrous or pubescent; areoles usually
34 KB (1,067 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
abaxial lobes 3, adaxial 2; stamens 4, adnate proximal to middle of corolla, didynamous, filaments glabrous or hairy, staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation
49 KB (1,607 words) - 18:59, 29 July 2020
ca. midlength; bracts 3–several, semileaflike at proximal node, 0.3–2.5 × 0.2–1.8 cm, usually scalelike distally, 1–5 × 0.5–3 mm. Involucres 1 per node
27 KB (1,609 words) - 10:41, 30 July 2020
clusters of 2–5, axillary in Juniperus communis; usually in terminal panicles in Taxodium), simple, spheric to oblong; sporophylls overlapping, bearing 2–10 abaxial
17 KB (1,137 words) - 00:30, 30 July 2020
spirally arranged; foliage leaves (needles) (1–) 2–5 (–6) per fascicle, persisting 2–12 or more years, terete or ± 2–3-angled and rounded on abaxial surface, sessile
29 KB (1,428 words) - 00:26, 30 July 2020
sparse > 45 45 Inflorescences 4-6 cm; leaf blades 1.5-2.5 cm. Ribes lobbii 45 Inflorescences 2-3 cm; leaf blades 2.5-3.5 cm. Ribes marshallii 46 Stamen lengths
23 KB (1,464 words) - 13:16, 30 July 2020
lacking; ligules of hairs or very shortly membranous and long-ciliate, the 2 types generally indistinguishable. Inflorescences terminal, usually panicles
23 KB (1,150 words) - 04:51, 30 July 2020
mostly laminar, sometimes subterete, turgid ± throughout. Cymes: branches 2-3 (-6), simple or bifurcate; cincinni circinate or not. Pedicels erect to pendent
10 KB (581 words) - 12:54, 30 July 2020
less drooping, some branches longer than 1 cm. Spikelets pedicellate, weakly laterally compressed, with 1 (2) florets; rachillas prolonged beyond the base
24 KB (1,813 words) - 02:43, 30 July 2020
per spikelet. Flowers: anthers 0.2–2.5 mm; styles 2-fid or 3-fid. Achenes variously colored, biconvex to trigonous, 0.4–2 mm, smooth to markedly sculptured
4 KB (429 words) - 02:16, 30 July 2020
sutures denticulate, teeth to 0.1–0.2 mm, sometimes papillate or smooth; staminode included to exserted, flattened distally, 0.2–1.3 mm diam., tip straight to
29 KB (982 words) - 19:10, 29 July 2020
reduced; pistil 1, 2 (–3) -carpellate; ovary inferior, usually 2-locular proximally, 1-locular distally; placentation axile; ovules 1–2 per locule, pendulous;
14 KB (815 words) - 08:47, 30 July 2020
margins ciliate or eciliate, auriculate, auricles prominent or not; upper 2 and lateral 2 petals showy, 5+ mm, lowest petal showy, not narrowed at middle of limb;
39 KB (2,374 words) - 11:16, 30 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Plants terrestrial. Roots occasionally branching laterally, yellowish to black, 0.5–2 mm diam., smooth or with corky
19 KB (579 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
veins not or only weakly developed; lodicules 2, free; anthers (1) 3, 0.1-2 mm, not penicillate; styles 2, free to the base, white; ovaries glabrous. Caryopses
31 KB (1,893 words) - 03:29, 30 July 2020
, eds. 1977[1978]. The Biology and Chemistry of the Compositae. 2 vols. London. Vol. 2, pp. 999–1015. Garcia-Jacas, N., A. Susanna, T. Garnatje, and R
15 KB (836 words) - 20:05, 29 July 2020
tortilis 46 Tubercles at least as high or wide as achene, 0.9–1.7(–2.4) × 0.7–1.2(–2.2) mm; culms terete to elliptic in cross section, to 1.1(–1.5) mm wide
37 KB (456 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
pistil 1; petals 2, connate. Consolida 4 Fruits achenes or utricles; ovule 1 per pistil. > 5 4 Fruits follicles, capsules, or berries; ovules 2 or more per
13 KB (392 words) - 08:32, 30 July 2020
hemispheric or broader (2–3+ mm diam.), phyllaries in 2–4 series, pistillate florets in 2–8 series, bisexual florets 10(–30), corollas yellow, 4-lobed, and cypselae
23 KB (1,089 words) - 20:43, 29 July 2020
then typically furcate or bifurcate, often imperfectly so (2 + 1 branches, rather than 2 + 2). Trichome rays are usually appressed or parallel to surfaces
40 KB (1,647 words) - 11:54, 30 July 2020
Brickellia venosa, Brickellia veronicifolia Elliott Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 2: 290. 1823. Randall W. Scott Etymology: For John Brickell, 1748–1809, Irish-born
17 KB (617 words) - 22:47, 29 July 2020
more superior in fruit, 2 (–3) -locular; placentation axile (when connate); styles 2 (–3); stigmas 2–3. Capsules folliclelike or 2 (–3) -beaked. Seeds brown
27 KB (988 words) - 13:15, 30 July 2020
without 2 marginal veins more prominent than midvein, blade 2+ cm, longer than its sheath, 2–4.5 mm wide, glabrous. Inflorescences racemose, with 2–6 spikes;
16 KB (801 words) - 01:21, 30 July 2020
Artemisia vulgaris complex in North America. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 4, 25: 421–468. Artemisia abrotanum, Artemisia alaskana, Artemisia annua, Artemisia
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×biscayneanum, Asplenium ×curtissii, Asplenium ×heteroresiliens Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 1078. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 485, 1754. Warren H. Wagner Jr., Robbin C. Moran
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pale; stigmatic papillae in 2 lines. Cypselae usually obpyramidal, sometimes clavate, columnar, or obconic (lengths usually 1–2.5, rarely to 3.5 diams.),
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or cylindric; sporophylls overlapping, bearing 2 abaxial microsporangia (pollen-sacs); pollen spheric, 2-winged, less commonly with wings reduced to frill
13 KB (769 words) - 00:23, 30 July 2020
lodicules 2 or 3; anthers 1 or 3, sometimes differing in length within a floret; ovaries glabrous throughout or pubescent distally; styles 2 (3-4) -branched
18 KB (1,356 words) - 02:45, 30 July 2020
easily dislodged, straight to curved, cylindric to slightly clavate, 2–40 (–50) × 0.3–5.5 cm, usually glabrous, tuberculate; areoles elliptic, circular, ovate
17 KB (804 words) - 09:14, 30 July 2020
exserted, flattened distally, (0.2–) 0.4–3 mm diam., tip recurved, rarely coiled or straight, distal 10–50 (–70) % hairy, hairs to 2.5 mm, rarely glabrous; style
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or brownish, clawed or not, blade apex entire, erose, emarginate, or rarely 2-fid; nectaries usually 5, prominent at (or adjacent to in E. eastwoodiae) base
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(dioecious in R. setigera or monoecious), 10–90 (–100) mm diam.; hypanthium 2–5 (–10) mm, glabrous, puberulent, tomentose, or setose, eglandular or glandular;
23 KB (1,822 words) - 13:48, 30 July 2020
campanulate, cylindric, hemispheric, obconic, or turbinate, (4–19+ ×) 2–18 mm. Phyllaries 8–60 in 2–7 series (often in vertical ranks), 1-nerved (midnerves
23 KB (1,156 words) - 22:11, 29 July 2020
Mentioned on page 333, 334. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, 2–45 (–75) cm (glabrous or hairy, often glanddotted). Stems erect to pendent. Leaves
8 KB (548 words) - 23:47, 29 July 2020
20–40 (–65), styles free exsert (0.5–) 1–2.5 (–4) mm, pilose, stylar orifice 1–3 mm diam., hypanthial disc flat, 2–5 (–10) mm diam. Hips scarlet or red to
24 KB (1,103 words) - 13:51, 30 July 2020
Four-o’clock maravilla Etymology: Latin mirabilis, wonderful Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 40. Mentioned on page 14, 15, 16, 25, 46, 47, 50, 52. Herbs
15 KB (526 words) - 09:38, 30 July 2020
bearded or glabrous; ovary 3-locular, ovules (1–) 2 per locule, 1-seriate. Capsules 3-valved, 3-locular. Seeds 2 per locule (1 in T. spathacea); hilum oblong
17 KB (671 words) - 00:52, 30 July 2020
occasionally nearly 2-ranked. Staminate flowers: perianth of 4 (–6) sepals, well defined, minute, membranaceous. Pistillate flowers 2–3 per scale, scales
5 KB (331 words) - 08:39, 30 July 2020
in rays, 4 (–5) -angled in discs, hairy or glabrous; pappi 0, or persistent, of 6–12+ (distinct) erose to laciniate or aristate scales (in 1–2 similar or
13 KB (1,037 words) - 23:55, 29 July 2020
hemispheric or turbinate-cylindric, (2.5–) 3–22 (–25) mm diam. Phyllaries persistent or tardily falling, 18–40 in (2–) 3–7 series, not notably nerved, ovate
24 KB (826 words) - 22:52, 29 July 2020
axillary, (1-) 2-200-flowered panicles, racemes, corymbs, umbels, or flowers solitary, to 41 cm; involucres absent or present, involucral-bracts 2-3 (these compound
17 KB (836 words) - 08:34, 30 July 2020
blunt calluses; lower glumes 2-keeled, flat or concave, usually not veined between the keels, sometimes 2-9-veined; anthers 1, 3 (2). Pedicels usually longer
14 KB (1,071 words) - 04:25, 30 July 2020
longer than the lemmas; lodicules 2, without venation, usually ciliate; anthers 3; ovaries with hairy apices; styles 2, bases free. Caryopses ovoid to fusiform
19 KB (1,548 words) - 02:55, 30 July 2020
± corymbiform arrays. Involucres obconic to hemispheric, 4–15+ mm diam. Phyllaries 5–13+ in 2–3+ series, subequal, usually membranous or scarious-margined
9 KB (558 words) - 23:45, 29 July 2020
or variously toothed. Inflorescences terminal, 2-9-flowered cymes or umbels, or flowers solitary, to 60 cm; involucres present, often with primary involucres
19 KB (1,214 words) - 15:30, 15 December 2020
Semple and J. L. A. Hood (2005) showed that the assumed 2-seriate pappus was usually 3- and sometimes 4-seriate, the longest inner series usually weakly clavate
25 KB (1,511 words) - 21:54, 29 July 2020
clawed; stamens (8–) 10–20 (–23) in 1 or 2 series, shorter than petals; carpels 1–5, distinct, adnate to proximal 1/2 of hypanthium, glabrous or strigose to
31 KB (1,652 words) - 14:31, 30 July 2020
long cylindric, sometimes tapering distally, (1–) 2–70 (–130) [–200] × (0.6–) 1–15 cm, less than 40 cm at flowering, skin hard and brittle (less often soft)
24 KB (1,147 words) - 09:19, 30 July 2020
20–50 bristles in 1–2+ series, or of 5–20 (sometimes aristate) scales in 1–2 series, or combinations of bristles and scales in 1–2+ series, rarely coroniform
11 KB (674 words) - 23:30, 29 July 2020
circular in C. crocea, C. quaesita; stamens 20, anthers white to cream; styles (2 or) 3–5. Pomes yellow to orange and copper to red (1 face often colored most
22 KB (1,233 words) - 13:46, 30 July 2020
glabrous or hairy; pappi 0, or coroniform, or of 2–8+ scales or teeth. North America, Mexico Genera 2, species 30 (2 genera, 27 species in the flora). The genera
9 KB (600 words) - 23:53, 29 July 2020
3, adaxial 2; stamens 4, didynamous; filaments glabrate to lanate; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile; stigma linear, rarely 2-lobed (A. neoscotica)
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cylindric to campanulate (sometimes becoming turbinate in fruit), 4–15 mm diam. Phyllaries 5–18 in 1–2 series, lanceolate, equal or subequal, (bases becoming thickened
18 KB (964 words) - 20:06, 29 July 2020
trullate, rhomboid, ovate, or deltate, apex obtuse to apiculate; cauline leaves 2 and opposite, rarely 3 and whorled, distinct or partially or completely connate
16 KB (646 words) - 09:44, 30 July 2020
membranous, not saccate, less than 1/2 as long as the spikelets, 1-7-veined; upper glumes membranous to herbaceous at maturity, 1/2 as long as to nearly equaling
17 KB (1,129 words) - 04:14, 30 July 2020
terete initially, sometimes becoming laterally compressed at anthesis, with (3) 4-14 (16) florets. Lower glumes 1-3-veined; upper glumes 3-5-veined; lemmas elliptic
11 KB (779 words) - 02:52, 30 July 2020
grooved, convex, or flat adaxially, often not glandular, sometimes with 1 or 2 pairs of spherical glands distally; largest medial blade amphistomatous, hemiamphistomatous
22 KB (876 words) - 12:17, 30 July 2020
longer than achene, seldom smooth; stamens 2–3; styles undivided or shallowly 2-fid, or deeply cleft into 2 (–3) linear stigmatic branches; style base
38 KB (1,253 words) - 01:40, 30 July 2020
annular or semiannular, subtending bases of stamens, median glands present (2, rarely 4) or absent. Fruits siliques, sessile, usually linear, rarely narrowly
23 KB (1,239 words) - 12:23, 30 July 2020
then projecting inflorescence above surface of water. Flowers: pistils 1 or 4. Fruits abaxially rounded or keeled, flattened to turgid, beaked; embryo coiled
23 KB (1,207 words) - 00:56, 30 July 2020
lanceoloid or ovoid, terete to weakly 4-angled dehiscent nearly throughout their length; sessile. Seeds numerous, in (1 or) 2 rows per locule, prismatic and angled
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ovules (10–) 12–120 per ovary; style distinct or obsolete; stigma entire or 2-lobed. Seeds uniseriate, usually flattened, rarely plump, usually winged, rarely
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long-conic, sometimes short-rostrate; peristome double [rarely absent], 4: 2:4–6 (–8); exostome white, pale-yellow to brown, or sometimes dark reddish-brown
17 KB (677 words) - 07:39, 30 July 2020
long-rectangular, usually longer than more distal cells, 2–4: 1; medial and distal cells rhomboidal to hexagonal, usually 2–4: 1, walls thin to very incrassate, porose
12 KB (810 words) - 07:37, 30 July 2020
distally. Flowers 6-merous, bisexual or functionally unisexual; perianth of 2 similar petallike whorls, semisucculent; tepals distinct or connate into tube
13 KB (701 words) - 06:10, 30 July 2020
pistillate florets in heads of A. bigelovii sometimes ± 2-lobed, weakly raylike). Disc-florets 2–20 (–30+), bisexual and fertile, or functionally staminate;
14 KB (1,396 words) - 20:45, 29 July 2020
cross-section when young, glabrous. Inflorescences racemose or, rarely, 1–2 branched proximally, with 3–15 spikes; proximal bracts filiform or leaflike
15 KB (529 words) - 01:49, 30 July 2020
shrubs evergreen. > 2 2 Leaf blades pinnately veined, adaxial surfaces green, shiny, abaxial surfaces pale green. Ceanothus spinosus 2 Leaf blades 3-veined
15 KB (437 words) - 18:13, 29 July 2020
megasporophylls and microsporophylls same size, in 4 alternating ranks, appressed, base usually with 2 diverging flaps or auricles, auricles protecting sporangia
17 KB (719 words) - 00:22, 30 July 2020
G. A. Engler et al., eds. 1924+. Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien..., ed. 2. 26+ vols. Leipzig and Berlin. Vol. 16c, pp. 86–134. Levin, R. A. 2000. Phylogenetic
20 KB (1,275 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
Inflorescences axillary, 4–12-flowered, 0.75–2.5 × 1–3 cm. Flowers 5–8 mm diam.; hypanthia campanulate, 2–4 mm; sepals triangular, 1.5–2 mm; petals white, obovate
20 KB (1,036 words) - 14:24, 30 July 2020
apices usually rounded; lodicules 2 or 3, membranous, not lobed; anthers 3, 1.5-6 mm, sometimes penicillate; ovaries with 2 style-branches, branches fused
28 KB (2,014 words) - 02:45, 30 July 2020
introrsely; torus conic; carpels 2–200 (–220), glabrous, styles subterminal; ovule 1. Fruits aggregated achenes, (1–) 2–200 (–220), obliquely ovoid to reniform
16 KB (987 words) - 14:06, 30 July 2020
herbaceous bractlets. Involucres ± globose to cylindric, 4–25+ mm diam. Phyllaries usually ± 8 in ± 2 series (usually distinct, rarely connate ± 1/10 their
12 KB (827 words) - 23:22, 29 July 2020
obconic, densely pubescent, sometimes glabrous; sepals narrowly triangular, 1/2–2/3 petal length, margins entire or slightly glandular-serrate, apex usually
20 KB (1,294 words) - 13:44, 30 July 2020
extra-Austroamericanae: 2. Oxalis L. sectio Corniculatae DC. Phytologia 42: 57–198. Lourteig, A. 1982. Oxalidaceae extra-Austroamericanae: 4. Oxalis L. sectio
23 KB (1,013 words) - 18:29, 29 July 2020
exserted, flattened distally, 0.2–1.1 mm diam., tip straight to recurved or coiled, distal (40–) 50–100% hairy, hairs to 4 mm; style glabrous, sometimes
21 KB (880 words) - 19:09, 29 July 2020
florets entire, bilobed, trilobed, or 4-lobed, 3-veined, veins usually extended into 3 short awns; paleas of lowest florets 2-veined, veins sometimes excurrent;
16 KB (1,065 words) - 04:46, 30 July 2020
to adhere to and cover the stem. Branch fascicles typically with 2 spreading and 1–2 pendent branches, but there may up to 12 (–14) per fascicle. Branch
16 KB (943 words) - 06:58, 30 July 2020
arising near base, erect, 10–50 cm. Leaves in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 1–2 (–4) × 0.2–0.6 cm, petiole 0.2–1 (–1.5) cm, blade ovate to obovate or narrowly
7 KB (739 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
lodicules thick, sometimes connate, not winged; anthers (1) 2-3; ovaries glabrous; styles 2-branched, branches divergent to recurved, plumose distally.
20 KB (1,626 words) - 03:20, 30 July 2020
tunicate, often extending into neck of clasping, distichous leaf-bases. Leaves 2–16, deciduous or evergreen, sessile, rarely petiolate; blade narrowly to widely
14 KB (860 words) - 05:56, 30 July 2020
rhomboidal, distal laminal cells ca. 15–19 µm wide, 1: 1–2, papillae mostly hollow, simple or 2-fid, 4–6 per lumen, occasionally on conic salients, cell-walls
26 KB (1,447 words) - 07:08, 30 July 2020
by nodal diaphragms (continuous through nodes in V. rotundifolia); tendrils 2–3-branched (unbranched in V. rotundifolia), rarely absent, without adhesive
14 KB (773 words) - 18:13, 29 July 2020
frequently staminodial or absent; stamens of 3d whorl with 2 glands near base; anthers 2-locular or 4-locular, locules opening by valves; pistil 1, 1-carpellate;
10 KB (319 words) - 08:27, 30 July 2020
scabrous, glabrous or with hairs at midlength; anthers 3, vestigial (0.1-0.2 mm) or 1.3-4.5 (5) mm. Poa sect. Madropoa is confined to North America. Its 20 species
10 KB (1,045 words) - 03:20, 30 July 2020
prominent and 2-lobed; stamens 10 (8–10 in M. godfreyi), arising from hypanthium; filaments distinct; staminodes absent; styles 3 (to 4 in M. cumberlandensis
25 KB (1,236 words) - 10:19, 30 July 2020
with (2) 3-35 spikelets associated with each rachis node; rachises with scabrous or ciliate edges; internodes 3.5-12 (15) mm. Spikelets 1/2 - 33/4 times
20 KB (1,611 words) - 03:05, 30 July 2020
rarely intersecting rachis; pedicel spreading to ascending, usually less than 2 cm, rachis to midpedicel angle more than 30°; bracts markedly smaller, fewer
8 KB (562 words) - 08:23, 30 July 2020
clasping). Heads usually radiate or disciform, rarely discoid, borne singly or 2–5 (–15) in racemiform, spiciform, or loose, corymbiform arrays (subtended by
15 KB (811 words) - 22:27, 29 July 2020
not hooded; petals (4–) 5 or sometimes absent, white (purple-tinged in C. pumilum and C. regelii), clawed, blade apex 2-fid 1/5–1/2 of length, notched,
21 KB (1,044 words) - 10:15, 30 July 2020
Sidalcea stipularis, Sidalcea virgata A. Gray Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n. s. 4: 18. 1849. Steven R. Hill Common names: Checkerbloom checker mallow Etymology:
21 KB (668 words) - 11:33, 30 July 2020
filaments distinct; staminodes absent; styles [2–] 3 (–5), capitate to clavate, 0.2–7 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas [2–] 3 (–5), terminal or subterminal, papillate
21 KB (985 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
ellipsoid, 1–3 (–5+) mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 7–15+ in 2–3 (–4+) series, (usually green) 2–3-nerved, or not notably nerved, or pinnately nerved, elliptic
17 KB (791 words) - 22:42, 29 July 2020
bearing spikelets abaxially, in 2 rows, usually in unequally pedicellate groups of 2-5, occasionally borne singly. Spikelets 1.2-8.2 mm, lanceoloid to ellipsoid
23 KB (1,318 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
styles 1–2 (–3), distinct or often connate proximally 1/10–9/10 of length, subcapitate to filiform, 0.07–3.2 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 2 (–3), subterminal
21 KB (1,113 words) - 10:32, 30 July 2020
entirely in D. australasiae, D. revolutus and D. umbrosus, guide cells 2–6 in 1 (–2) layers, hydroid strand occasionally present, abaxial stereid band weak
28 KB (1,343 words) - 07:04, 30 July 2020
single, collarlike structure extending 1/2 - 2/3 around the base of the ovaries; anthers (2) 3. Caryopses usually 2-3 mm, smooth, glabrous, longitudinally
16 KB (1,258 words) - 02:39, 30 July 2020
spathulata, Arnica unalaschcensis, Arnica venosa, Arnica viscosa Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 884. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 376. 1754. Steven J. Wolf Etymology: Ancient
16 KB (834 words) - 23:57, 29 July 2020
or absent; stigmas 2–3 (–5), slender. Staminate flowers: tepals 3–5, equal or subequal; stamens 3–5, filaments distinct, anthers 4-locular, pseudostaminodes
32 KB (1,366 words) - 09:41, 30 July 2020
urceolate, (2.5–) 6–32 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent (or inner falling), usually (6–) 16–30 (–40) in 2 series and unequal, sometimes 28–50 in 2–3 series
15 KB (1,046 words) - 22:37, 29 July 2020
or yellow); ovary 1/2 inferior, carpels completely connate, 1-locular; placentation parietal; styles 2; stigmas 2 (–3). Capsules 2-beaked. Seeds dark-brown
26 KB (1,593 words) - 12:56, 30 July 2020
staminate 3–4.5 mm; pistillate 5–6 mm. Cypselae 2–2.5 mm, pubescent and papillate; pappi: staminate 6–7 mm (capillary); pistillate 6–7 mm. 2n = 28. North
12 KB (714 words) - 20:21, 29 July 2020
(pubescent in P. alba), margins entire, sometimes ciliolate; keel crested, crest 2-lobed, often fimbriate (lobes subdivided into fingerlike lobes), glabrous (pubescent
19 KB (903 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
the lemmas, scarious or membranous distally, 2-veined, veins terminating at or beyond midlength; lodicules 2, free, glabrous; anthers 3; ovaries glabrous
22 KB (1,516 words) - 03:14, 30 July 2020
spurred or gibbous, lobes 4, abaxial 3, adaxial 1; stamens 2, basally adnate to corolla, filaments glabrous; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile;
20 KB (967 words) - 19:23, 29 July 2020
branches with spikelets in 2 rows on 1 side of the branch axes. Spikelets solitary, sessile to pedicellate, laterally compressed, with 2-3 (5) florets, usually
21 KB (1,159 words) - 04:42, 30 July 2020
refers to surfaces with scattered to crowded gland-tipped hairs mostly 0.2–0.8(–1.2+) mm. Surfaces of stems, leaves, peduncles, and phyllaries may be glabrous
26 KB (1,108 words) - 20:14, 29 July 2020
basal rosette and cauline (sometimes not present at flowering), (0.5–) 2–8 (–13) cm; blade margins sinuate-dentate to denticulate, serrate, lobed, or entire
12 KB (1,080 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
more sparingly than those without extensive vegetative reproduction. Leaves 2 (1 in nonflowering plants), basal, ± petiolate; blade green or mottled with
18 KB (1,049 words) - 05:39, 30 July 2020
more superior in fruit, 2-locular, carpels usually (1/4–) 1/2 connate proximally or ± distinct; placentation axile (when connate 1/2+ their length) or appearing
21 KB (1,151 words) - 12:59, 30 July 2020
cryptocaulis), taproot slender to stout, sometimes fusiform and fleshy. Stems (1–) 2–20+, prostrate or pendent to erect, green, grayish, or reddish. Leaves winter-marcescent
19 KB (1,253 words) - 14:03, 30 July 2020
mostly on short-shoots, nearly 2-ranked. Leaf-blade ovate to deltate, elliptic, or nearly orbiculate, 0.5–10 (–14) × 0.5–8 cm, thin, margins doubly serrate
18 KB (893 words) - 08:41, 30 July 2020
overlapping bases), coarsely barbellate, apically attenuate bristles in 2–4 series. x = (2, 3, 4) 5. w North America, Mexico Species 17 (9 in the flora). As here
13 KB (844 words) - 22:21, 29 July 2020
campanulate to hemispheric, 10–30 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 11–45 in 2–4 series (outer broader, foliaceous, inner smaller, thinner, each subtending
10 KB (661 words) - 23:01, 29 July 2020
(5–) 20–150 cm. Leaves mostly basal or basal and cauline; alternate; petiolate or sessile; blades deltate to lanceolate overall, usually 1–2-pinnately or
7 KB (510 words) - 23:45, 29 July 2020
adaxial 2, adaxial lip galeate, rounded at apex, opening downward; stamens (2 or) 4, didynamous, filaments hairy or glabrous; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular
10 KB (460 words) - 18:57, 29 July 2020
Involucres campanulate, 3–6 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 8–30 in 2 (–3) series, 0-nerved or 2-nerved, lanceolate to linear, ± equal (herbaceous). Florets 10–60;
11 KB (480 words) - 22:58, 29 July 2020
diam. Phyllaries usually persistent, sometimes falling with cypselae, 4–18 in 1 (–2) series (usually ± erect in fruit, distinct or ± connate, narrowly oblong
11 KB (916 words) - 23:52, 29 July 2020
within 1 cm of stem attachment, 2-7 (-16) cm, cormlike to fascicled or fibrous, ± fleshy, ± succulent, usually brittle; buds minute. Stems 1 (-2) per root
13 KB (670 words) - 08:25, 30 July 2020
1-many-flowered cymes or panicles or flowers solitary or in fascicles, to 15 cm; bracts present and leaflike or ± scalelike or absent, not forming involucre
9 KB (493 words) - 08:33, 30 July 2020
terminal clusters. Involucres mostly campanulate to cylindric, (3–) 4–7 mm. Phyllaries in (2–) 3–7 (–10) series, whitish, rosy, tawny, or brownish (opaque or
17 KB (673 words) - 20:34, 29 July 2020
glands few or absent; cortex and pith highly mucilaginous. Spines 2–17 (–29); radial spines 2–11 (–18) per areole, usually white or gray, sometimes straw colored
19 KB (1,100 words) - 09:23, 30 July 2020
constricted at orifice, 2-ridged abaxially; stamens included or longer pair exserted, filaments glabrous, pollen-sacs opposite; staminode 0.1–0.4 mm diam., tip straight
10 KB (581 words) - 19:05, 29 July 2020
disposed in 1s, 2s or 3s on long scapes or peduncles; bracts present; buds nodding [erect]. Flowers: sepals 2 (-3), distinct; petals 4 (-6); stamens many;
11 KB (522 words) - 08:35, 30 July 2020
oblong-ovate, obovate, quadrangular, suborbiculate, or orbiculate, 0.2–10 × 0.2–6 cm, membranous to coriaceous, base tapering or truncate to rounded or cordate
22 KB (1,558 words) - 13:48, 30 July 2020
sparsely short-hairy; pappi 0 or of 1–2 (–6) equal or subequal, smooth, antrorsely barbellulate, or subplumose bristles 0.5–4.6 mm plus callous crowns or hyaline
11 KB (583 words) - 23:49, 29 July 2020
pistillate flowers); ovary superior, 2–4-locular; styles 2–4, connate proximally. Fruits drupes; stones 2–4, longitudinally dehiscent. Seeds obovoid or oblong-obovoid
12 KB (452 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
produced in mid summer, green, oblanciform or falcate. Scapes 1 (sometimes 2 in S. alabamensis, S. jonesii, S. rubra), longer or shorter than pitcher; bracts
17 KB (1,184 words) - 13:09, 30 July 2020
page 11, 13, 17, 194, 351. Annuals, biennials, or perennials, 1–2 (–3) or (1–) 5–15 (–75+) cm (usually taprooted or developing ± woody caudices, sometimes
18 KB (845 words) - 15:31, 15 December 2020
appears in FNA Volume 2. Stems long-creeping to ascending to erect, 1.5–12 mm or more diam. Blades 1-pinnate to pinnate-pinnatifid, rarely 2-pinnate, proximal
14 KB (584 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
Leaves monomorphic to somewhat dimorphic, clustered to widely scattered, 2–100 cm. Petiole brown, black, straw-colored, or gray, rounded, flattened or with
15 KB (692 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
Crataegus (sect. Douglasia) ser. Purpureofructus Loudon Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 2: 823. 1838. James B. Phipps Endemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment
8 KB (677 words) - 14:35, 30 July 2020
excurrent, smooth or toothed on abaxial surface, sometimes with 2–4 serrated ridges abaxially, 1–2 rows of guide cells, two well-developed stereid bands above
26 KB (1,278 words) - 06:56, 30 July 2020
into an areolar groove on adaxial side of tubercle (groove extends only 1/2–3/4 distance from spine cluster to tubercle axil in C. macromeris); areolar glands
25 KB (1,748 words) - 09:25, 30 July 2020
Crocanthemum scoparium, Crocanthemum suffrutescens Spach Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 6: 370. 1836. Bruce A. Sorrie Common names: Frostweed rushrose rockrose Etymology:
9 KB (561 words) - 11:40, 30 July 2020
1.8–12 (–20) cm, firm or flaccid; tubercles distinct, not confluent into ribs, pyramidal, conic, or cylindric, 3–25 × 2–9 mm; areoles of 2 kinds: vegetative
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persistent, of 2–5 (–10) dissimilar, distinct or connate scales in ± 1 series: 0–5+ oblong to lanceolate, erose-truncate or laciniate plus 0–2 (–5) longer
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and channeled, not septate. Inflorescences terminal panicles or racemes of 2–many heads or single terminal head, sympodial; bracteoles absent below perianth
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present. Simple leaves: blade narrowly elliptic, oblanceolate, or obovate, 1.2-7.5 cm. Compound leaves: rachis, when present, with or without swollen articulations;
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366, 395, 401, 402. Annuals, biennials, perennials, or subshrubs, (2–) 5–70 (–200) cm (taprooted). Stems erect to prostrate, usually branched. Leaves basal
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absent. Staminate flowers: sepals 4, not petaloid, 1–2 [–3] mm, valvate, distinct [connate]; petals 0; nectary absent; stamens 4–8, distinct; anthers elongated
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Spikelets (4) 4.5-10 mm, lengths 3-5 times widths, terete to weakly laterally compressed or distinctly compressed, sometimes bulbiferous; florets (2) 3-5 (10)
9 KB (1,082 words) - 03:24, 30 July 2020
capitate, rarely linear. Capsules dehiscing into 10, 1-seeded segments or 5, 2-seeded segments; false septa incomplete to complete. Pollen tricolpate or multiporate
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than more distal cells, 1–2 (–4):1; medial and distal cells rhomboidal to elongate-hexagonal, 8–16 (–20) µm wide, usually (3–) 4–8: 1, walls thin to moderately
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tuberculate, glabrous or hairy, each sometimes with 2 grooves; pappi 0, or persistent, of (1–) 2–4 (–8) usually retrorsely, sometimes antrorsely, barbellate
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stemless to long caulescent. Leaves mostly many-ranked, rosulate, or occasionally 2-ranked and/or laxly arranged; blade linear to triangular or ligulate, margins
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Sagittaria secundifolia, Sagittaria subulata, Sagittaria teres Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 993. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5; 429, 1754. Robert R. Haynes, C. Barre Hellquist
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Perennials, 5–10 cm. Leaves: basal 2-pinnate, 3–20 cm, lobes 2–50 × 0.5–2 (–3) mm; cauline 0–12. Heads 1–60 per stem. Peduncles 1–16 cm. Phyllaries whitish
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membranous; blades M-shaped in cross-section when young, adaxial side of blade with 2 lateral-veins more prominent than midvein, widest blades not more than 6 mm
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lateral branches; cincinni 1–2 (–3+), 1–6 (–20) -flowered, circinate, 1–5 (–17) cm; floral shoots 4–30 (–50) × 0.1–0.8 cm; leaves 5–25 (–50), spreading
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styles 3–5+ mm, branches 1–1.8 mm, proximal 1/2–4/5 stigmatic, apices acute to rounded. Cypselae 1.5–3.5 (–4) mm; pappi usually coroniform (sometimes cypselae
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discoid, borne singly or (2–300+) in paniculiform to corymbiform arrays. Involucres ± globose, hemispheric, obconic, or ovoid, 4–34 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent
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inflorescences terminal, panicles of 2-150 non-disarticulating, spikelike branches, usually exceeding the leaves; branches 1-22 cm, digitate, subdigitate, or racemose
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Polycodium); pistil 4–5-carpellate; ovary inferior, 4–5-locular or pseudo 10-locular; stigma capitate. Fruits baccate, ovoid to globose, fleshy. Seeds 2–40, ellipsoid;
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connate basally into tube, 2–16 cm; tepals subequal; stamens 6, of 2 different lengths, appearing equal or subequal (anthers in 2 overlapping sets of 3) to
12 KB (861 words) - 05:58, 30 July 2020
or mostly erect, slender, 0.3–1.5 cm, tomentose to floccose. Involucres 1 per node, turbinate, (1.5–) 2–3.5 (–4) × 1.3–2.5 (–3) mm, tomentose, floccose,
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base; peristome single, usually of 16 lanceolate teeth, deeply divided into 2 or rarely 3 divisions, usually vertically striolate or pitted-striolate proximally
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Peduncles absent. Involucres 1 per node or 2–10 per cluster, turbinate to turbinate-campanulate, (2.5–) 3–5 (–7) × (1.5–) 2–4 mm, glabrous, tomentose, or sparsely
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terminal, or scapose, 1-flowered or cymose, subtended by spathe; spathe a 2-fid bract or pair of opposite bracts. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate
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Brodiaea stellaris, Brodiaea terrestris Smith Trans. Linn. Soc. London 10: 2. 1811. J. Chris Pires Common names: Cluster-lily Etymology: for James Brodie
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almost isodiametric, 6–24 µm, papillose only over lumina, papillae 1–4 per cell, conic or 2-fid; marginal cells gradually shorter than basal. Sexual condition
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dehiscence loculicidal. Seeds 6–36, lustrous black, obpyriform to ovoid-ellipsoid, 2–4 mm. x = 15. North America Species 6 (6 in the flora). Cmassia has been associated
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sepals persistent, 2 (–9), equal or subequal when paired, margins entire, toothed, or glandular-toothed, herbaceous or scarious; petals (4–) 5–10 (–19), twisting
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depressed-spheric, 2–15 × 1–15 cm; tubercles distinct, not confluent into ribs, pyramidal, conic, truncate-conic, cylindroid, or mammillate, 2–10 mm; areoles
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Involucres ± cylindric to turbinate, 2–3 (–5+) mm diam. Phyllaries usually 5–12 in 1 series, equal (20–25 in 2–3 series, unequal in S. cichoriacea, usually
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arrangement: terminal pleiochasia with (1–) 2–17 primary branches; individual pleiochasial branches unbranched or 2–4 branched at 1 or more successive nodes;
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flower, referring to the marginal sporangia Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants
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stem leaves 1.2–1.5 mm and stems usually 1–2 cm and slender (related to the leaf size); ‘medium’ refers to stem leaves 1.5–3 mm and stems 2–4 cm; ‘large’ or
18 KB (782 words) - 07:52, 30 July 2020
yellowish or pinkish, tubular to ± filiform (styles: stigmatic papillae in 2 lines, appendages essentially none). Disc (functionally staminate) florets
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(sometimes reduced to racemes), 5-40 cm, exceeding the upper leaves, exserted. Spikelets 4-10 (13) mm, laterally compressed, with 4-11 (16) florets, more than 1
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in cross-section when young, glabrous. Inflorescences racemose, with (1–) 2–10 (–15) spikes; rachis of spikes glabrous; proximal bracts scalelike, bristlelike
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branches 1–2.2 mm, proximal 2/3–4/5 stigmatic, apices acute to rounded. Cypselae (3–) 3.5–7.5 mm; pappi usually coroniform or of 2–6, unequal scales, 0.1–2.5 mm
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basal rosettes, (0.5–) 2–7 (–10) dm, lengths (1.5–) 2–4 times basal leaves. Leaves: basal sometimes 2-ranked; cauline (0–) 1–4 (–5); primary leaves palmate
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anthers 1-2-locular. Pistillate flowers: sepals or calyx lobes 4, ± connate; pistils 1, 1-2-carpellate; ovary 1, superior or inferior, 1 (-2) -locular;
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shastense, Polygonum spergulariiforme, Polygonum tenue, Polygonum utahense "/2" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.window.p
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Verbesina rothrockii, Verbesina virginica, Verbesina walteri Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 901. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 384. 1754. John L. Strother Etymology: No etymology
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numerous rows (2 rows in Distichium); costa single, well developed, subpercurrent to excurrent, in section with 1 row of guide cells and 2 stereid bands
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2007. Warren L. Wagner Basionym: Anogra Spach Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 4: 164. 1835 Synonyms: Oenothera [unranked] Anogra (Spach) Endlicher Oenothera
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rectangular, longer than medial cells; distal cells short-rhomboidal, lax, 2–4: 1. Capsule with shape variable, ovate, obovate, pyriform, clavate, or turbinate;
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pumila, Ambrosia salsola, Ambrosia tomentosa, Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 987. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 425. 1754. John L. Strother Common names: Ragweed
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glabrous or rarely hairy (P. veris), hairs simple. Inflorescences umbels, 2–25+-flowered, involucrate, [racemes or spikes] or solitary flowers; bracts
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turbinate to turbinate-campanulate, (2–) 3.5–5 (–8) × 2–4 mm, tomentose to floccose; teeth 5, erect, 0.1–1 mm. Flowers (2.5–) 3–6 (–7) mm; perianth yellow
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olympica, Arabis oregana, Arabis patens, Arabis pycnocarpa Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 664. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 298. 1754. Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz Common names:
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faintly to prominently rugose or with transverse wavy ridges, 2.5–3.5 mm including 0.1–2 mm beak. Worldwide Species ca. 77 (17 in the flora). The species
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cross-section, 2.5–8 × 1.2–3.5 mm, 2–2.5 times as long as wide, dull, base rounded, apex tapering to beak, glabrous or pubescent; beak straight, 0.2–2 mm, emarginate
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arrays (to 12 cm wide). Peduncles 1–20 mm (bracts usually 0, sometimes 1–5, reduced, scalelike). Involucres obconic to subcylindric, 6–16 × 2–4 mm. Phyllaries
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unisexual; perianth absent; stamens 1–3; anthers 2–4 mm, apex usually mucronate or awned; styles linear, 2–3-fid, base deciduous or persistent, hypogynium
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persistent basal rosettes, 0.2–2.5 (–4.5) dm, lengths 1.5–5 times basal leaves. Leaves: basal rarely 2-ranked; cauline 0–2 (–3); primary leaves usually
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sometimes ± 3–4-angled (apices smooth, coroniform, or knobby), faces smooth, striate, ribbed, furrowed, or rugose, glabrous; pappi falling, of (1–) 2–8 [–15]
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opposite or whorled bracts. Involucre ± actinomorphic, not spurred; glands [0–] (2–) 5, slightly concave, flat, or slightly convex; appendages usually petaloid
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distally yellow, orange, or brown, 3–5 × 2–3 mm. Seeds pyriform to ellipsoid, 3.3–5.5 × 2.3–4 mm, endosperm bright green. 2n = 28. Generated Map Legacy Map B
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to stiff, barbellate or barbellulate, often apically ± clavate bristles in 2–4 series. x = 9. North America, n Eurasia Species 23 (23, including 1 hybrid
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bisexual or unisexual floret, sometimes with 2 sterile florets below the sexual floret, these no more than 1/2 (9/10) the length of the fertile floret; unisexual
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flat, singly or doubly toothed, venation ± pinnate. Inflorescences terminal, 2–50 (–60) -flowered, narrowly to widely cymose, open or congested; bracts present
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schizopetalus, Hibiscus striatus, Hibiscus syriacus, Hibiscus trionum Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 693. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 310. 1754. Orland J. Blanchard Jr. Common names:
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dimorphic, distal blades 3-18 × 0.2-1.6 cm, proximal blades 2-5 × 0.6-1.8 cm, margins ciliolate proximally; capsules 2-5 mm. Lysimachia lanceolata 11 Stems
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emarginate, adaxial 2, adaxial lip cucullate; stamens 4, didynamous, filaments glabrous, anther mucros unequal; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation
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revolute, distal 1/4–3/4+ evenly to unevenly incised 1/4–1/2 to midvein, sometimes 3–5-lobed 1/2–3/4 to midvein as well, primary teeth (1–) 2–5 (–7) per side
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winged, linear, oblong, or globular, dehiscence septicidal. Seeds many, in 2 rows per locule, irregular or flat, coat usually hexagonally reticulate. w
21 KB (685 words) - 05:34, 30 July 2020
reniform to orbiculate, 2–30 cm, herbaceous to ± coriaceous, leaflets 0 or 3, 5, 7, or 9, terminal ovate to elliptic to obovate, 1.7–15 cm, base cuneate to rounded
35 KB (2,155 words) - 15:31, 15 December 2020
funnelform throats, lobes (4–) 5, deltate to lanceovate (lobes ± equal and corollas actinomorphic, not 2-lipped, or lobes unequal with 3 or 4 forming an adaxial
14 KB (1,174 words) - 23:30, 29 July 2020
smaller. Fruits erect. Seeds rectangular to crescent-shaped, 1.5-3.5 × 1.2-2.5 mm, not ringed at proximal end, wing-margined or not; seed-coats ± with
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ramulosa, Lessingia tenuis, Lessingia virgata Chamisso Linnaea 4: 203, plate 2, fig. 2. 1829. Staci Markos Etymology: For C. F. Lessing, 1809–1862, German-born
12 KB (729 words) - 20:57, 29 July 2020
hypanthium, usually apically woolly, styles 2–5, terminal, distinct or connate 1/2 of length; ovules 2 or 3 [or 4] (all but 1 usually aborting). Fruits pomes
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Culms 5-110 cm, clumped or solitary, erect or decumbent, occasionally cormlike at the base; nodes glabrous. Leaves inserted mostly on the lower 1/2 of the culms;
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lining hypanthium; stamens (rarely 4–) 5; ovary superior, (2–) 3-locular; style 1. Fruits drupes; stones 2–3 (–4), indehiscent but open at base. Seeds
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page 6, 7, 135, 182. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, (2–) 10–150 [–300+] cm. Leaves mostly basal or mostly cauline; usually opposite (distal
10 KB (606 words) - 23:21, 29 July 2020
Wagner Common names: Adder's tongue Family Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Treatment on page 85. Plants perennials, terrestrial or epiphytic. Roots lacking
8 KB (289 words) - 00:26, 30 July 2020
filiform to flat with filiform tip, to 25 cm × 2.5–4 mm. Inflorescences terminal, spikelets solitary, erect or (1–) 2–10 (–30) in subcapitate or subumbellate
10 KB (422 words) - 01:32, 30 July 2020
tomentose, 1–2-years old gray to purple, purple-brown, reddish black or brown to very dark gray; thorns on twigs usually frequent, straight to recurved, 2-years
16 KB (1,084 words) - 14:44, 30 July 2020
bark on younger 2–5 cm thick branches mainly dark gray-brown, conspicuous horizontal lenticels absent; thorns on twigs straight to recurved, 2 years old dark-brown
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referring to evergreen habit of some species Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Rootstock 2 (–3) -lobed, nearly globose to horizontally spindle-shaped and proliferous
15 KB (1,109 words) - 00:22, 30 July 2020
shallowly 4-lobed. Capsules woody and hard to thin and ± papery, straight, cylindrical to obtusely 4-angled, often tapering at each end, dehiscent 1/2 to throughout
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moniliform hairs (rarely reduced, beardless); stamens 3, epipetalous; anthers 2–4-locular; ovaries y thin-walled, placentation marginal to parietal [basal,
16 KB (658 words) - 00:56, 30 July 2020
swollen or not; perianth campanulate; tepals 4–5, connate 1/4–2/3 their length; stamens 5–8; styles deciduous, 2–3, included or exserted (exserted syles and
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compressed, in 1-2 (4) rows, with 2 florets, lower or upper glumes adjacent to the branch axes. Glumes not saccate basally; lower glumes usually 1/5 – 2/3 as long
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Inflorescences axillary or terminal racemes, 2–8-flowered, sometimes flowers solitary. Flowers: sepals (4–) 5, sometimes vestigial, connate basally, deltate
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Campylopus surinamensis, Campylopus tallulensis Bridel Muscol. Recent., suppl. 4: 71. 1818 ,. Jan-Peter Frahm Etymology: Greek campylos, curved, and pous, foot
16 KB (1,050 words) - 06:54, 30 July 2020
page 229. Mentioned on page 10, 216, 231, 239, 647, 659. Plants (1–) 2–5 (–10) cm, dense or open mats. Stems green or yellow-green, usually brownish with
15 KB (750 words) - 07:41, 30 July 2020
chartaceous to coriaceous, 2 lowest lemmas usually awned, awns 3-23 cm, scabrous, distal lemmas unawned or awned, awns to 2 cm; paleas hyaline-membranous
16 KB (1,599 words) - 02:57, 30 July 2020
adnate to and sometimes ± filling hypanthium; stamens 5; ovary 1/2-inferior to inferior, 3 (–4) -locular; styles 3, connate proximally. Fruits capsules, sometimes
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cylindric; carpels (2–) 20–250 (–450), styles entire or geniculate-jointed, distal portions then deciduous; ovule 1. Fruits aggregated achenes, (2–) 20–250 (–450)
22 KB (1,259 words) - 14:34, 30 July 2020
thick-lenticular or asymmetrically thick-lenticular to compressed-globose, 1.2-2 times as wide as thick, not prolonged beyond seed; wall thick, smooth; margin
12 KB (526 words) - 08:22, 30 July 2020
often shiny, 2-years old deep gray, sometimes grayish red or gray-brown; thorns on twigs few to numerous, straight to slightly recurved, 2-years old very
15 KB (1,064 words) - 14:43, 30 July 2020
1.3–2.4 cm; anthers pale-yellow, 5–12 mm; ovary 1.2–2.9 cm, neck constricted, 3.5–8.5 (–10) mm. Capsules pedicellate, oblong to ovoid, 1–2.5 cm, apex
7 KB (560 words) - 06:13, 30 July 2020
Aristolochia tomentosa, Aristolochia watsonii, Aristolochia wrightii Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 960. 175. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 410. 1754. Kerry Barringer, Alan T. Whittemore
10 KB (491 words) - 08:21, 30 July 2020
urceolate, 2–13+ mm diam. Phyllaries falling, 3–35 in 1 series (± lanceolate to lance-attenuate or oblanceolate, herbaceous, each usually 1/2 enveloping
14 KB (819 words) - 23:40, 29 July 2020
Baccharis thesioides, Baccharis vanessae, Baccharis wrightii Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 860. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 370. 1754. Scott D. Sundberg†, David J. Bogler
19 KB (1,032 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
ovary 2–4-carpellate; ovules (1 or) 2–25 per ovary; styles distinct; stigmas 2–4, cylindrical to platelike, often rolled or convoluted, entire or 2-lobed
32 KB (2,739 words) - 12:04, 30 July 2020
patch-forming from rhizomes in C. socialis). Leaves simple. Leaf-blade 1-pinnate or 2-pinnate, ternate, or finely dissected; ultimate divisions lobed or unlobed
13 KB (470 words) - 08:24, 30 July 2020
unequal, or (with calyculi) 12–25+ in 2–3 series and oblong or lanceolate to linear, subequal; margins ± hyaline, 0.05–2.5 mm, apices obtuse to acute or acuminate
16 KB (748 words) - 20:19, 29 July 2020
Vernonia noveboracensis, Vernonia pulchella, Vernonia texana Schreber Gen. Pl. 2: 541. 1791. John L. Strother Common names: Ironweed Etymology: For William
13 KB (807 words) - 20:05, 29 July 2020
remotely triangular in cross-section. Leaves 2-ranked. Staminate flowers: perianth absent. Pistillate flowers 2 per bract; perianth adnate to ovary, often
4 KB (313 words) - 08:29, 30 July 2020
present. Fruits achenes, 1-locular; achene body globose-lenticular to globose, 1-2 times as wide as thick, not prolonged beyond seed; achene wall thick, smooth
9 KB (584 words) - 08:33, 30 July 2020
obconic to hemispheric, 8–26 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 14–35 (–60+) in 2–4 series (reflexed in fruit, mostly lanceovate to lanceolate or linear, herbaceous)
9 KB (598 words) - 00:03, 30 July 2020
in many species of sect. Rhexia. In R. cubensis (2x, 4x, 6x), R. nashii (4x, 6x), and R. virginica (2x, 4x), conspecific plants of different ploidy apparently
15 KB (925 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
in a monochasium with 2), styles basal, stigmas capitate, ± exserted from hypanthia; ovules 1 (–2). Fruits achenes, 1, ovoid, 2–2.5 mm, smooth; hypanthium
18 KB (1,235 words) - 14:11, 30 July 2020
apex not 2-lobed, although sometimes slightly notched; anthers depressed-ovate or transversely oblong; pistil 4-carpellate, ovary inferior to 1/2 inferior
21 KB (1,536 words) - 18:15, 29 July 2020
basal rarely ± 2-ranked; cauline (0–) 1–3 (–4); primary leaves pinnate (with distal leaflets distinct or confluent), (1.5–) 2–20 (–32) cm; petiole: long
18 KB (1,094 words) - 13:58, 30 July 2020
sometimes 2–10-ridged (ridges yellow to redbrown, clavate, translucent), faces sparsely to moderately strigose; pappi persistent, in (2–) 3 (–4) series,
16 KB (980 words) - 21:51, 29 July 2020
radiate, usually borne singly, rarely (2–3+) in ± corymbiform to racemiform arrays (peduncles ± scapiform, usually bearing 2+ leaves or bracts proximally or at
13 KB (768 words) - 23:05, 29 July 2020
0.2–2 (–3) dm, lengths 1–3 (–5) times basal leaves. Leaves: basal not in ranks; cauline 0–2; primary leaves ternate or palmate, (1–) 2–10 (–18) cm; petiole:
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compressed, 4–5-nerved, faces glabrous, canescent, or densely silky; pappi persistent, of 20–30 reddish-brown, fine, smooth bristles in 1–2 series. x = 5 (4, 6)
11 KB (801 words) - 20:56, 29 July 2020
nearly spheric or cuboid; pistils 2-8 (-12), sessile to stipitate, distinct, glabrate; ovules several (sometimes few) in 2 staggered rows. Fruits simple berries
11 KB (450 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
occasionally papillose, mostly glabrous adaxially; tepals connate proximally 1/4–1/2 their length, monomorphic or dimorphic; stamens included or exserted; filaments
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converging sides in outline, terete to moderately laterally compressed, with 4-30 florets. Lower glumes 3-5-veined; upper glumes 5-9-veined; lemmas elliptic
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shorter than the lemmas, ciliate on the keels, adnate to the caryopses; anthers (2) 3. x = 7. Conn., Mass., N.H., N.J., N.Y., Calif., Del., N.C., Va., W.Va.,
16 KB (1,697 words) - 02:52, 30 July 2020
glomerules in depauperate individuals). Involucres narrowly to broadly campanulate, 2.5–5 mm. Phyllaries in 3–7 series, unequal, mostly brownish to stramineous,
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Charles T. Bryson, Robert F. C. Naczi Basionym: Laxiflorae Kunth Enum. Pl. 2: 452. 1837 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Plants usually densely cespitose
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Alan R. Smith Common names: Polypody Family Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Treatment on page 312. Plants perennial, terrestrial, on rock, or often epiphytic
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persistent, of (6–) 8–18 (–20) broadly ovate to lanceolate bractlets in (1–) 2–3 series, distinct (appressed before flowering, recurved to spreading or reflexed
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obscure; paleas thin, papery, 2-veined, obscurely keeled; anthers 3; lodicules sometimes present, truncate, vascularized; styles 2, plumose. Caryopses rarely
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or oblong, 1–4 cm; scales persistent, 3–6 pairs, valvate, peltate, thick and woody. Seeds 5–20 per scale, lenticular or faceted, narrowly 2-winged; cotyledons
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to longlanceolate, laminal cells usually rhomboid in proximal 1/2–3/4. Seta 0.5–2.5 cm. Capsule stegocarpous, theca ovate to long-cylindric, annulus weakly
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subtending leaf-sheath; branches 2-12 (17) cm, ascending to spreading, often arcuate, terminating in a spikelet; branch axes 0.2-1.2 mm wide, glabrous, sometimes
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oblong-lanceolate or tapering from base, 1–6 (–11) × 0.2–1.2 (–2) cm, 2–4 mm thick, base 0.5–1.5 (–2) cm wide, apex acute to subacuminate, often apiculate,
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Culms 200-700 cm tall; inflorescences plumose, 30-130 cm long Cortaderia 1 Culms 2-100 cm tall; inflorescences not plumose, 0.5-12 cm long. > 2 2 Lemmas with
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Volume 28. Treatment on page 156. Mentioned on page 155, 166. Stems 0.5–4 (–12) cm, usually comose to evenly foliate; sparsely to densely radiculose. Leaves
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persistent basal rosettes, 0.2–1.5 (–2.7) dm, lengths 1/2–3 (–4) times basal leaves. Leaves: basal not in ranks; cauline 0–2; primary leaves palmate to subpalmate
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purple-brown, sometimes tan or reddish-brown, 2-years old grayish; thorns on twigs usually numerous, straight to recurved, 2-years old usually black or blackish
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nodding, 3-merous; perianth hypogynous, campanulate or cupulate; tepals 6, in 2 similar whorls, distinct, nectaries present on all tepals, but better developed
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tube base not spurred or gibbous, lobes 0 or 3 or 4 (or 5), abaxial 2 or 3 (or 4), adaxial 1; stamens 2, epipetalous or inserted on receptacle, filaments
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node; petiole 0.2–2 (–4) cm, tomentose to floccose; blade linear, oblanceolate, or spatulate to elliptic, (0.2–) 1–10 (–12) × 0.1–0.9 (–1.2) cm, densely tomentose
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usually with 2-11 flowers per 5 cm, dense to open, cylindric, spurs rarely intersecting rachis; pedicel ascending, usually less than 2 cm, rachis to midpedicel
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Treatment on page 447. Mentioned on page 415, 416, 437. Annuals or perennials, 2–50+ cm (perennials with ± branched, woody caudices). Stems 1–60, erect or ± decumbent
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faces, with 2 strong marginal veins, sometimes stipitate, narrowly lanceovoid to fusiform to oblong-ovoid, trigonous or rounded-trigonous, 2–10 mm, more
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maturity; rachises usually terete, with (1) 5-many fascicles; fascicle axes 0.2-7.5 (28) mm, with (1) 3-130+ bristles and 1-12 spikelets. Bristles free or
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transversely elliptical along margins, 6–12 (–18) µm wide, papillae usually 2-fid, crowded, 2–6 per lumen, occasionally single and multiplex and covering the lumens
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translucent); ovules (5–) 14–44 per ovary; stigma capitate, entire or slightly 2-lobed. Seeds plump, not winged, oblong or ovoid; seed-coat (minutely reticulate)
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Involucres obconic to turbinate or campanulate, (3–9.5 ×) 2–8 mm. Phyllaries 15–30 in (3–) 4–6 series, 1-nerved (midnerves usually barely evident; flat
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successively in 1–2 pouches or in cavity at base of mother frond; turions present in some species. Inflorescences usually solitary (mostly 2 per frond for
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yellow, 6–20 (× 2–7) mm. Disc-florets 20–300; corollas 2.5–5 mm (tubes usually glandular or glandular-hairy, glabrous in var. hallii). Cypselae 2–5 mm; pappi
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mariana, Picea pungens, Picea rubens, Picea sitchensis A. Dietrich Fl. Berlin 2: 794. 1824. Ronald J. Taylor Common names: Spruce épinette Etymology: Latin
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green distally, yellowbrown to brown proximally. Stems short or reaching 2 cm or more, simple or sometimes with a few branches; rhizoids at base, smoth
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glaucous to strongly gray-glaucous, shiny or dull, elliptic to ovate, 2–4.5 × 1–2.5 cm, base cuneate to rounded, sometimes ± lobed or truncate, margins entire
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same plant. Staminate flowers sessile or pedicellate; calyx of 2-6 sepals; stamens 1-2, straight. Pistillate flowers sessile; ovary 1-locular; style unbranched
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not more than 2 mm wide. Inflorescences simple or compound anthelae, rarely capitate; spikelets 1–80+, rarely single; involucral-bracts 2–5, spreading or
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truncate, or emarginate; filaments 2–7 mm; anthers (yellow) 0.4–1.5 mm; style 1.5–4 mm. Nutlets dark-brown or gray, 3–4.5 mm, tuberculate, tubercles straw-colored
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perennial; perennials usually cespitose, sometimes shortly rhizomatous. Culms 2-300 cm, erect or decumbent, not succulent, sometimes almost woody at the base
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present. Pistillate flowers: petals 2 (–3), deltate, connate basally; ovary 1-locular; style very short to absent; stigma 2-lobed, secreting pollination droplet
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membranous; blades M-shaped in cross-section when young, adaxial side of blades with 2 lateral-veins more prominent than midvein, leaves often over 10 mm wide, cauline
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lodicules 2, broadly lanceolate, margins ciliate; anthers 3, usually yellowish. Caryopses usually tightly enclosed in the lemma and palea at maturity. 2n = 14
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[yellow, yellowbrown, orange, or 2-colored]; nectary extrastaminal, annular and 5-lobed or of 5 glands; stamens [6–] 8 or 10 in 1–2 whorls, distinct or connate
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crateriform to hemispheric, 12–40 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 15–50 in 2–4 series (spreading, recurved, or reflexed, linear or lanceolate to ovate, subequal
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Involucres oblong, urceolate, cylindric, or turbinate, 0.5–2 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 2–6 (–9) in ± 1 series (linear, concave, or boatshaped, subequal)
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to arcuate-spreading, subulate or needlelike to filiform, (0.8–) 2–11 (–14) cm × 0.4–2 mm, flexuous or rigid, herbaceous to ± fleshy, apex obtuse to sharply
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numerous clusters 2–4 mm wide, in spikes or panicles 2–30 cm. Pistillate flowers in spikes or panicles to 30 cm. Fruiting bracteoles 2–9 × 2–9 mm, bearing
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panicles of subdigitate to racemosely arranged branches, each branch with (1) 2-many rames, branches not subtended by modified leaves; rames with spikelets
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stout, unequal, often flattened, barbellate, apically attenuate bristles in 2–3 series. x = 6. sw United States, nw Mexico Species 10 (9 in the flora). Xylorhiza
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ovoid or oblong to obovoid, 2.5–5 cm, apex beaked. Seeds 7–8 mm. Generated Map Legacy Map sw United States, n Mexico Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). None. Agave
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erect when moist, longer, apex more acuminate, costa percurrent. Seta 0.8–1.2 cm. Capsule inclined, cylindric, asymmetric or symmetric; annulus absent; operculum
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foliaceous bracts; sepals 2 or 3, unarmed or prickly, each with erect, subterminal, hollow horn tipped with prickle; petals 6, in 2 whorls of 3; stamens 20-250
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or without subapical or apical free tips; floral-tube 2–6.5 mm, villous inside proximally; sepals 2–8 mm; petals pale to bright-yellow or white, sometimes
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decumbent, or ascending to erect, leafy or leafless, (1.2–) 2–30 cm (often as short as 2 cm in C. wrightii), glabrous or sparsely to densely villous.
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Mentioned on page 10, 186, 216, 222, 224, 225, 243, 658, 659. Plants (0.5–) 2–4 (–8) cm, in open to compact tufts or mats. Stems red, reddish-brown, or brown
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to 90 cm × 2 mm. Leaves: distal leaf-sheaths usually persistent, thinly membranous to papery. Spikelets terete, to 13 × 4 mm. Flowers: styles 2-fid or
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apiculate; costa ending well below apex (to about 7/8 leaf length and often 2-fid distally), subpercurrent, or percurrent, distal abaxial surface smooth;
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alternate; petiolate or sessile; blades obovate to cuneate or linear, usually 1–2-pinnately or palmately lobed (ultimate lobes oblanceolate to linear) or apically
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Volume 3. Woody vines (erect, herbaceous perennials in C. recta). Leaf-blade 1-2-pinnate; leaflets lobed or unlobed, margins entire or toothed. Inflorescences
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spikelets confined to the distal 1/5 – 1/3 (1/2). Spikelets 2.5-8.2 mm, laterally compressed; florets (1) 2-5 (6), normal, bisexual; rachilla internodes
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appendages lanceolate. Cypselae ± obconic, flattened, laterally 1–2-ribbed, sometimes with 1–2 additional nerves on each face, glabrous, pilose, or strigose
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glabrous or glandular-pubescent or puberulent. Inflorescences usually umbels, 2–25 (–125) -flowered, sometimes solitary flowers; bracts usually ternate. Pedicels
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(sometimes cupulate). Phyllaries persistent and/or falling, 8–25+ in 2 series (outer 2–6 distinct or connate, herbaceous, contrasting with distinct, more
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Culms 1–40 cm × 0.2–1.2 mm, spongy, transverse septa incomplete. Spikelets ovoid to subcylindric, terete, much wider than their culms, 2–9 mm; rachilla
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(0.1–) 0.4–3.2 (–4.5) dm. Basal leaves: petiole 0.4–7.3 cm; blade linear, oblong, oblanceolate, ovate, obovate, or spatulate, 0.4–3 cm × 2–20 mm, base
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muticous; paleas about as long as the lemmas, 2-keeled; anthers 3; style-branches 2, plumose; lodicules 2. x = 9. Conn., N.J., N.Y., Wash., Va., Del., D
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subtending sheaths (2.0) 2.9-4.4 (6.5) cm long, (1.5) 2.3-3.4 (4.4) mm wide; peduncles (1) 6-14 (60) mm, with 2 (4) rames; rames (1) 1.7-2.5 (3.5) cm, exserted or
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sparsely hairy, hairs 0.2-0.8 mm, apices prow-shaped, sometimes narrowly prow-shaped, flag leaf-blades 1.5-10 cm. Panicles 2-18 (20) cm, loosely contracted
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leaf segment margins that form false indusia Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Plants usually on rock. Stems short-creeping to compact, ascending to horizontal
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pedicellate (sometimes subsessile or sessile in P. parviflorus), each opening for 2–4 hours from afternoon to early evening of a single day, sometimes facultatively
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5–30(–80+) cm (often cespitose and/or mounded) > 2 1 Plants (10–)50–180 cm (not cespitose) > 5 2 Perennials; leaves 2–3-palmately or -pinnately lobed > 3 2 Perennials
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western North America. Ten of the species are diploid (2n = 18); the four tetraploid species (2n = 36) are of alloploid origin. The nine North American
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biennials, or perennials (subshrubs in D. canescens var. ziegleri), 10–100 cm; taprooted. Stems erect to ascending, much branched (when well developed)
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slightly recurved, 2-years old gray to dark gray, rarely ± shiny dark-brown or black, older gray, usually slender, sometimes stout, 2–6 cm. Leaves: petiole
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scabrous, glabrous or ciliate; anthers 3, vestigial (0.1-0.2 mm), aborted late in development, or 1.3-4.5 mm. The five species of Poa subsect. Epiles are cespitose
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retuse-apiculate, isthmus 0.2–0.4 cm wide with serrate margins; callus with 2 sets of tuberculate processes, 3 proximal, broader, 2 distal, smaller; column
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proximally, green or rarely distally purple, lanceolate to broadly ovate, 2–5 mm, margins foliaceous or white and scarious, apex obtuse to rounded or acute
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bulbiferous; florets 2-7 (13). Glumes lanceolate to broadly lanceolate; calluses glabrous, webbed, or with a crown of hairs; lemmas 2.5-11 mm, lanceolate
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(except G. funalis and G. torquata); laminal cells usually 1-stratose distally (2–4 stratose in G. elatior and G. funalis) except at margin. Gemmae present or
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Mentioned on page 226, 227. Bulbs 1–4+, without rhizome, with or without basal bulbels, often clustered, ovoid, 1–2.5 × 0.6–3 cm; outer coats enclosing 1 or more
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recurved, 1-year old shiny, dark-brown to black, stout to slender, 2.5–6 cm. Leaves: petiole 1–3 cm, length 30–60% blade, glabrous, sessile-glandular or eglandular;
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one section of the sympodial axis (R. V. Moran 1992b, fig. 4). H. Merxmüller et al. (1971, fig. 2) suggested that Tillaea (in the broad sense of H. ’t Hart
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glabrous; ligules and pseudoligules 1-5 mm, of hairs; blades 2-12 cm long (rarely longer), 2-12 mm wide (rarely wider), firm or lax, spreading to reflexed
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Passiflora sexflora, Passiflora tarminiana, Passiflora tenuiloba Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 955. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 410. 1754. Douglas H. Goldman, John M. MacDougal
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Inflorescences (2) 3.5-25 (30) cm, usually open or loosely contracted panicles, occasionally racemes, with 1-3 branches per node, lower branches with 2+ spikelets;
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Involucres subcylindric, 9–18 × 4–8 mm. Phyllaries 10–20 in 3–6 series, tan, ovate to lanceolate or elliptic, 5–11+ × 0.7–2 mm, subequal, mostly chartaceous
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6–31; corollas 4–4.9 mm, lobes 0.6–1.3 (–2) mm. Cypselae narrowly obconic, 1.9–3.2 mm, sometimes with dark ridges, strigillose; pappi 1.9–5.2 mm (bristles
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7–18 mm, apex usually emarginate, sometimes truncate or obcordate; filaments 2–7 mm; anthers usually cream or yellow, sometimes dark-pink, orange-red, or
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light-brown). Ray cypselae usually obcompressed (± 3-angled, abaxial sides ± 2-faced, angles between those faces 90+°, adaxial sides ± flat, overall smooth
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Inflorescences 2–15 (–22) -flowered; bracts lanceolate, 2–15 mm, glabrous or glandular-pubescent or puberulent. Pedicels (0.7–) 1–5 (–7) cm, glabrous or
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into 2–3 filiform processes or obtuse; petiole 0.3–19.7 cm, glabrous or puberulent; blade ovate, oblong, elliptic, deltate, or lanceolate, 0.9–5.2 × 0.2–2
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glabrous, veins shortly hairy; lodicules absent or 2 and reduced; anthers 3; ovaries glabrous; styles 2, plumose. Caryopses shorter than the lemmas, concealed
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Pedicels ± straight in fruit, 0.2–2 (–5) cm, proximal often much longer than distal. Flowers 5-merous; hypanthium 2.5–6 mm diam.; petals pale-yellow or
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or pubescent, trichomes usually simple, rarely mixed with fewer, stalked, 2-rayed ones. Stems usually erect or ascending, rarely subdecumbent, unbranched
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Involucres 1 per node, turbinate, (1–) 1.5–3.5 × 1–2 (–2.5) mm; teeth 5, erect, 0.3–1 mm. Flowers (1.5–) 2–3.5 mm; perianth white to cream, pink, or pale-yellow
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open (widely branched) arrays. Involucres campanulate or turbinate, (1–) 2–4 (–5) × 2–5 (–8) mm. Phyllaries (gray-green), lanceolate to ovate or obovate (margins
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distinctly clawed; sepals not ridged abaxially, 3.5–10.4 × 0.9–2.2 cm; petals 3.4–10.2 × 0.9–2.5 cm; stamens moderately to strongly exserted; filaments moderately
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adaxial 2; stamens 4, didynamous, included, filaments glabrous or pubescent proximally; staminode 0; ovary 1-locular (sometimes irregularly 2-locular or
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turbinate to cylindric or hemispheric, 3–10+ mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 4–6 in 1–2 series, erect, distinct, mostly oblong to ovate or lanceolate, equal or
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larger. Seta 0.1–1.3 cm. Capsule stegocarpic or cleistocarpic; theca elliptical to short-ovate or cylindric, 1–2.2 mm, annulus in ca. 2 rows of persistent
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basal nectary; sepals 4, reflexed separately or in pairs; petals 4, yellow, fading red, often with red dots basally; stamens 8, in 2 unequal series, anthers
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exostome, basal membrane high, 1/2–2/3 exostome length, segments same height as exostome, widely perforated, cilia 2 or 3, appendiculate. Spores shed singly
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lanceolate-ovate, 2–4 cm, apex acute; petals lemon to golden yellow, with transverse line distal to gland, broadly cuneate to obovate, 3–5 cm; glands round
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argillicola), narrowly lanceoloid or ovoid, bluntly 4-angled, (3–) 4–8 [–12] mm diam. Seeds in 2 rows per locule, dark-brown to almost black, prismatic
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distal portions obovate, 2.5–4 × 1.2–2.8 cm, margins erose; style disc green, 2.5–4 cm diam. Capsules 0.6–1.2 cm diam. Seeds 1.2–1.5 mm. Generated Map Legacy
10 KB (1,044 words) - 13:09, 30 July 2020
petiole 0.1–1.5 cm, floccose or glabrous; blade linear, oblanceolate or spatulate or elliptic, or oblong, (0.4–) 1–2 (–4) × 0.1–0.8 cm, tomentose to floccose
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to brown, 2-years old pale gray-brown, older gray; thorns on twigs absent (particularly mature) or few to numerous, ± straight to ± recurved, 2-years old
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3-ribbed, 1.8–2.7 (–3.4) × (1–) 1.5–1.8 (–2.4) mm, apex acute or subacute. Flowers: anthers (1–) 1.2–1.5 (–2.1) mm; styles (0.7–) 1–1.2 (–2.2) mm; stigmas
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Involucres campanulate to obconic, 2–7 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 8–13 (–22) in ± 2 series (strongly connate 2/3–7/8+ their lengths, seldom with outer
11 KB (587 words) - 23:33, 29 July 2020
Staatssamml. München 2: 85–114. Holzhammer, E. 1956. Die amerikanischen Arten der Gattung Gomphrena Linné. II. Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 2: 178–257. Gomphrena
7 KB (309 words) - 09:42, 30 July 2020
rarely racemose, 3–18 dm; bracts caducous or occasionally persistent. Flowers 2–5 per node, functionally unisexual, pistillate flowers with staminodes, staminate
10 KB (569 words) - 06:10, 30 July 2020
Aerial shoots 10-70 cm, from caudices, caudices ascending to vertical. Basal leaves 3-6 (-10), 1-2-ternate; petiole (2-) 4-10 (-14) cm; terminal leaflet
12 KB (777 words) - 08:39, 30 July 2020
without ring of sterile stamens. Fruiting heads 1.2–2.1 cm diam.; achenes oblanceoloid, not abaxially keeled, 2–4.3 × 0.7–1.5 mm, beaked; faces not tuberculate
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lingulata, Tayloria serrata, Tayloria splachnoides Hooker J. Sci. Arts (London) 2(3): 144. 1816. Paul C. Marino Etymology: For Thomas Taylor, 1775 – 1848, British
8 KB (455 words) - 07:44, 30 July 2020
occupying and greatly distorting most of groove, campanulate or funnelform, 2–7.4 × 2–7.4 cm; outer tepal margins entire or undulate; inner tepals white or colorful;
11 KB (859 words) - 09:22, 30 July 2020
lanceolate-elliptic or orbiculate, 3–6.5 × 1.3–2.5 cm; filaments 0.7–2.8 cm; anthers 3.2–6 mm; pistil 1.5–3.5 cm; style white to pale green, 3–10 (–13) mm;
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Leaves: petiole 1.6-12.5 cm; leaflets mostly 5, petiolules 0.2-2.2 cm, blades oblong to ovate-elliptic, 0.7-8.2 × 0.4-4.2 cm, base rounded, margins entire
6 KB (437 words) - 08:26, 30 July 2020
appears in FNA Volume 2. Plants epiphytic or on rock. Stems long-creeping or short and erect, clothed in masses of dark-brown hairs of 2 or more types, including
8 KB (436 words) - 00:26, 30 July 2020
petiolatum, Ophioglossum pusillum, Ophioglossum vulgatum Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 1062. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 484, 1754. Warren H. Wagner Jr., Florence S. Wagner
9 KB (450 words) - 00:29, 30 July 2020
racemes, 3-30 cm long, 2-12 cm wide, with 2 or more spikelets per node; nodes glabrous or with straight, about 0.5 mm hairs; primary branches 3-6 cm, appressed
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styles 3, 1–2.5 mm, deeply 2-fid, terminal segments 6. Capsules 3.5–6 × 4–5 mm, smooth; columella 3-angled. Seeds 3–4 × 2–2.5 mm, shiny. 2n = 16. Generated
10 KB (534 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
greenish or red tinged, actinomorphic, 0.5–2 cm diam.; tepals 6, often connate basally, each bearing 1 or 2, sometimes obscure to absent, yellow to green
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annual. Culms 14-80 cm, usually glabrous, erect or geniculate at the base, with (1) 2-4 (5) nodes. Sheaths open; auricles ciliate; ligules 0.2-0.8 mm, membranous
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alternate; short-petiolate or sessile; blades with usually evident midnerves plus 0–2 pairs of fainter collateral nerves (secondary nerves raised and reticulate
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glabrous or puberulent. Disc-florets (3–) 4–5 (–14); corollas 3.5–6.5 mm, lobes 0.7–1.7 mm; style-branches 2.2–3.2 mm (exserted beyond spreading corolla lobes)
9 KB (684 words) - 21:47, 29 July 2020
Calyptra mitrate or cucullate, not erose, small to medium, usually covering 1/2 or less of capsule, sometimes just covering operculum, smooth. North America
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ciliate, faces glabrous or strigose); pappi 0, or persistent, of 2 ± subulate scales plus 0–4+ shorter, lacerate scales (sometimes all ± connate). x = 15.
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rhombic, cordate, or obdeltate, coriaceous, glabrate to viscid puberulent; wings 2–5, opaque, subtly veined, not or only slightly extending beyond apex or base
12 KB (544 words) - 09:13, 30 July 2020
Calyculi of 2–12, triangular to linear-lanceolate or subulate, unequal bractlets. Involucres narrowly cylindric to campanulate (bases often attenuate), 2–14 mm
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nonaromatic; petiole 0.2–9 cm; blade narrowly to broadly lanceolate, rhombic, ovate, or triangular, 1.2–12 (–15) × 0.5–7.5 (–9) cm, base cuneate to truncate
8 KB (720 words) - 09:31, 30 July 2020
green, brown-purple distally, 3–4.2 mm; style-branches ca. 1.3 mm, apices rounded. Cypselae 2.2–4 mm; pappi coroniform, to 0.2 mm. Generated Map Legacy Map
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to ovatelanceolate or oblong, undivided, 2-fid, or divided, 2–8 (–12) mm, not involucrelike, distal entire to 2-fid, stipulelike, proximalmost not involucrelike
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bracts usually persistent, 1–2, immediately proximal to calyx. Pedicels terete, 0.2–0.7 [–4] cm. Flowers [2–] (5–) 6–10 (–12) cm diam.; sepals persistent,
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straight or wavy. Seeds black or dark-brown, spheric to subreniform, 1–2.9 [–3.2] mm; testa cells flat, weakly convex, concave, or flat with central depressions
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(–12); laminae (0.9–) 1–1.6 (–2.3) × 0.4–0.7 mm. Disc-florets (2–) 4–6 (–8); corollas 2–3.5 (–4.5) mm, lobes (0.5–) 0.7–1 (–1.3) mm. Cypselae (narrowly obconic)
12 KB (875 words) - 21:39, 29 July 2020
minutely apiculate. Inflorescences congested to lax, 0.2–1.5 cm wide; peduncle 0.5 cm; pedicel 1–4 mm. Flowers: sepals pinkish to purplish, becoming greenish
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nectary 5 glands; pistil 3 (–4) -carpellate; styles 3, distinct or connate proximally, 2-fid, branches 6 per flower, [2 times 2-fid]. Fruits capsules, not
14 KB (666 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
Rehder Man. Cult. Trees ed. 2, 364. 1940. James B. Phipps Basionym: Crataegus sect. Crus-galli Loudon Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 2: 820. 1838 Treatment appears
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proximally inflated, distally constricted, abaxial lobes 1, lateral 2, adaxial 2; stamens 4, adnate to corolla near base, subdidynamous, filaments glandular-puberulent
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or glomerules. Involucres cylindric to campanulate, (2–11.5 ×) 0.8–7.5 mm. Phyllaries 4–40 in 2–4 series (stramineous), 1-nerved or 3-nerved, (sometimes
13 KB (837 words) - 21:29, 29 July 2020
(Spach) Walpers Repert. Bot. Syst. 2: 83. 1843. (as Pachylophis) Warren L. Wagner Basionym: Pachylophus Spach Hist. Nat. Vég. 4: 365. 1835 Synonyms: Oenothera [unranked]
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hirsute to hispid. Receptacles conic, pitted, epaleate. Ray-florets 10–75 (in 1–2 series), pistillate, fertile; corollas abaxially with broad, purplish midstripe
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1.5–4.5 cm, 1+ mm diam., glabrous, sparsely short-hairy, or sparsely glandular-hairy, not viscid; bracts not fully appressed, scalelike, deltate, 2–4 mm
8 KB (671 words) - 13:14, 30 July 2020
or convex to rounded) compound, corymbiform arrays. Involucres cylindric, 2.5–7 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 10–22 in 5–6 series, (pale-pink to purple
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mm; style often curved. Berries 2.5–5 mm diam. Seeds lenticular, 2–3 mm, enclosed in thin, densely pubescent membranes. 2n = 108. Phenology: Flowering year-round
5 KB (434 words) - 09:13, 30 July 2020
distal (2–) 3 staminodial; filaments glabrous; antherodes commonly 4–6-lobed; ovary 2–3-locular, ovules 1–2 per locule, 1-seriate. Capsules 2–3-valved
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cross-section, 2–12 mm, base rounded or truncate, apex tapering or abruptly contracted to beak, somewhat glossy, not papillose, glabrous; beak 0.2–6 mm, emarginate
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theophrasti, Abutilon trisulcatum, Abutilon wrightii Miller Gard. Dict. Abr. ed. 4, vol. 1. 1754. Paul A. Fryxell†, Steven R. Hill Common names: Indian-mallow
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glabrous, not swollen, distal sheath lengths 1.2-5 (6.2) times blade lengths; collars smooth, glabrous; ligules 0.9-2 (3.1) mm, smooth or scabrous, truncate to
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actinomorphic, ± equal. Cypselae ± terete; pappi of (8–) 10–20 scales in 2–4 equal or gradually unequal series. x = 6. w North America, nw Mexico Species
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anthers with 2–4 awns or without awns, dehiscent by pores with ventral slits, (white disintegration tissue present dorsally along connective); pistil 4–5-carpellate;
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leaf-axils, or in umbels or panicles of umbels and axillary or terminal. Flowers 4-merous or 5-merous, sessile or pedicellate; hypanthium hemispheric, cylindrical
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above midlength; paleas from 1/3 as long as to equaling the lemmas; lodicules 2, oblong-lanceolate to lanceolate; anthers 3; ovaries glabrous; styles separate
10 KB (870 words) - 03:30, 30 July 2020
glumes, 1-veined, acute, unawned; paleas longitudinally grooved; anthers 3, 2.4-5.5 mm; ovaries glabrous. Fruit an achene, pericarp free from the seed, x
7 KB (719 words) - 04:37, 30 July 2020
florets sterile; lower paleas to 2/3 as long as the lower lemmas; upper florets 1.4-2 mm long, 0.6-0.8 mm wide, 2/5 – 3/4 as long as the spikelets, occasionally
10 KB (1,187 words) - 04:08, 30 July 2020
florets 2–40+; corollas creamy white, whitish, yellowish, pinkish, lavender, purplish, or rosy, lobes (4–) 5. Cypselae oblong-cylindric, ribs 4–8, faces
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the lemmas, 2-keeled, keels often scabrous; lodicules 2, lanceolate to ovatelanceolate, usually entire; anthers 3; ovaries glabrous; styles 2. Caryopses
13 KB (1,214 words) - 03:28, 30 July 2020
entire, apically spinose; inner tepals yellow or pink to magenta, 2.4–3.2 × 0.3–1.5 cm, margins entire, serrate, toothed, or erose; ovary scaly, spineless
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antrorsely scabrous. Spikelets 2.5-12 mm, usually subsessile to pedicellate, rarely sessile, laterally compressed, with 2-5 florets, reduced florets sometimes
13 KB (1,134 words) - 02:39, 30 July 2020
anthocyanic). Flowers actinomorphic; sepals persistent, connate basally (ca. 1/4 of length) [distinct], equal (each often subtending a nectary); petals equal;
8 KB (453 words) - 12:06, 30 July 2020