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Did you mean: staminode
  • functionally staminate. By tradition and for simplicity, both the peripheral, pistillate florets and the inner, bisexual or functionally staminate florets in
    275 KB (5,940 words) - 15:30, 15 December 2020
  • racemes, spikes, or, in 1 genus, a solitary spikelet, in dioecious taxa the staminate and pistillate inflorescences sometimes morphologically distinct; disarticulation
    34 KB (1,217 words) - 04:33, 30 July 2020
  • distal flowers are staminate and the proximal pistillate (androgynous) or the distal flowers are pistillate and the proximal staminate (gynecandrous). Inflorescence
    80 KB (3,349 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
  • by its pale yellow to white glandular scales on the leaves and stems, staminate flowers with 70–100 stamens, unbranched styles, and ovaries and capsules
    24 KB (1,347 words) - 18:25, 29 July 2020
  • (bristly in Hesperevax). Florets pistillate, functionally staminate (usually referred to as staminate), or bisexual; corollas whitish, usually distally yellowish
    25 KB (1,822 words) - 20:30, 29 July 2020
  • Disc (inner) florets usually bisexual and fertile, rarely functionally staminate; corollas usually yellow to orange, sometimes ochroleucous or cyanic to
    30 KB (1,803 words) - 22:30, 29 July 2020
  • or monoecious species with strongly differentiated staminate and pistillate spikelets, the staminate spikelets usually have softer glumes than the pistillate
    31 KB (2,561 words) - 04:21, 30 July 2020
  • sometimes with scales. Inflorescences unisexual or androgynous catkins; staminate and androgynous catkins spicate or capitate, rigid, flexible, or lax, consisting
    13 KB (591 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
  • compressed, sometimes terete or laterally compressed; lower florets sterile or staminate, frequently reduced to a lemma; upper florets usually bisexual; lemmas
    17 KB (1,292 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
  • distal to the reproductively functional florets, sometimes with 1 or 2 staminate or sterile florets below a bisexual floret, sterile florets often reduced
    45 KB (1,179 words) - 03:07, 30 July 2020
  • (some Silene); styles 2–3 (–5) (absent in staminate flowers), distinct; stigmas 2–3 (–5) (absent in staminate flowers). Fruits capsules, opening by 4–6
    11 KB (721 words) - 10:22, 30 July 2020
  • usually with an odd number of veins, sometimes awned. Florets bisexual, staminate, or pistillate, usually composed of a lemma (lower bract) and palea (upper
    35 KB (1,876 words) - 02:36, 30 July 2020
  • crassinucellate; styles 1-5 (-6), distinct or connate proximally, absent in staminate flowers; stigmas 2-5 (-6), linear along adaxial surface of styles (or style-branches)
    29 KB (1,113 words) - 10:14, 30 July 2020
  • axillary clusters or glomerules, or in terminal spikes or spicate panicles. Staminate flowers with 3–5-parted calyx, ebracteate; stamens 3–5. Pistillate flowers
    45 KB (1,022 words) - 09:34, 30 July 2020
  • inflorescences with pistillate cupules/flowers toward base and staminate flowers distally. Staminate flowers: sepals distinct; stamens 12 (-18), typically surrounding
    8 KB (435 words) - 08:38, 30 July 2020
  • axils of leaves or bud-scales, usually clustered at base of new growth; staminate inflorescences lax, spicate; pistillate inflorescences usually stiff, with
    13 KB (1,271 words) - 08:47, 30 July 2020
  • Disc (inner) florets usually bisexual and fertile, rarely functionally staminate; corollas usually yellow to orange, sometimes ochroleucous or reddish to
    23 KB (1,021 words) - 21:10, 29 July 2020
  • appendages, enclosing solitary pistillate flower surrounded by (0–) 1–80 staminate flowers, entire structure termed the cyathium), in monochasia, dichasia
    18 KB (1,360 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
  • proximal, staminate distal), terminal or axillary, spikes, racemes, or thyrses; glands subtending each bract 0. Pedicels present or absent. Staminate flowers:
    24 KB (874 words) - 18:18, 29 July 2020
  • flowering as leaves emerge, usually from lateral buds (sometimes subterminal); staminate on flowering branchlet or sessile; pistillate on flowering branchlet, usually
    22 KB (876 words) - 12:17, 30 July 2020
  • bisexual or bisexual and staminate on same plants, rarely bisexual and pistillate on same plants [bisexual and unisexual (staminate and pistillate), all on
    10 KB (456 words) - 00:54, 30 July 2020
  • pistillate and distal heads are pendulous and functionally staminate. In functionally staminate florets, the staminal filaments are usually connate and the
    16 KB (907 words) - 23:04, 29 July 2020
  • Disc (inner) florets usually bisexual and fertile, rarely functionally staminate; corollas usually yellow, sometimes ochroleucous or reddish to cyanic (sometimes
    23 KB (1,089 words) - 20:43, 29 July 2020
  • distal floret (s) often reduced, infrequently spikelets with 1-2 reduced or staminate basal florets and a single terminal sexual floret. Glumes usually 2, upper
    17 KB (872 words) - 03:12, 30 July 2020
  • Ray-florets 0. Disc-florets mostly 20–100+, (functionally) staminate or pistillate; staminate corollas white, yellow, or red, narrowly funnelform or tubular
    38 KB (2,648 words) - 20:30, 29 July 2020
  • by having petals (minute in the pistillate flowers), pistillodes in the staminate flowers, and styles 2-fid to the base (versus 2-fid only distally). Hoffmann
    13 KB (776 words) - 18:34, 29 July 2020
  • tomentose, abaxially often with resinous glands. Inflorescences unisexual; staminate catkins pendulous, elongate, cylindric, conspicuously bracteate, consisting
    14 KB (815 words) - 08:47, 30 July 2020
  • pistillate or, rarely, gynecandrous or staminate, sometimes some basal, pedunculate, prophyllate; terminal spike staminate. Proximal pistillate scales white-hyaline
    16 KB (801 words) - 01:21, 30 July 2020
  • bisexual or unisexual (staminate or pistillate), staminate and pistillate flowers on same or different plants; perianth hypogynous. Staminate flowers usually
    10 KB (466 words) - 08:34, 30 July 2020
  • Plants usually annual, usually monoecious. Leaves with Kranz anatomy. Staminate flowers with calyx lobes not crested. Pistillate flowers lacking or rarely
    3 KB (477 words) - 09:35, 30 July 2020
  • present or absent. Flowers usually unisexual, sometimes bisexual, usually staminate and pistillate on different plants; sepals present or absent, or perianth
    14 KB (933 words) - 11:54, 30 July 2020
  • subtending and enclosing rachilla, bearing 1 pistillate, sometimes (0–) 3 staminate flowers and empty scales (Carex, Cymophyllus, and Kobresia). Secondary
    24 KB (775 words) - 01:21, 30 July 2020
  • dioecious. Leaves usually with or, uncommonly, without Kranz anatomy. Staminate flowers with calyx lobes crested or not. Pistillate flowers lacking or
    3 KB (489 words) - 09:35, 30 July 2020
  • androgynous, or the distal 1–3 staminate, pedunculate or subsessile, prophyllate, at least 2 times as long as wide; terminal spikes staminate or, rarely, gynecandrous
    16 KB (761 words) - 02:00, 30 July 2020
  • radially symmetric or ± asymmetric; perianth epigynous; hypanthium absent (staminate flowers) or completely adnate to ovary (pistillate flowers); sepals 0;
    12 KB (866 words) - 18:24, 29 July 2020
  • subtending branch) present [absent]; flowers bisexual, unisexual with staminate and pistillate on same plants or on different plants, or both bisexual
    20 KB (1,128 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
  • many-flowered racemes]. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate on same plants; bract 1, bracteoles (0-) 2. Staminate flowers: calyx 2-6-lobed or absent;
    8 KB (287 words) - 08:26, 30 July 2020
  • indistinct). Flowers normally bisexual or, sometimes, bisexual and unisexual (staminate and pistillate on same plant) within same inflorescence; outer tepals normally
    4 KB (557 words) - 10:05, 30 July 2020
  • Catkins flowering as or just before leaves emerge, from lateral buds; staminate on flowering branchlet or sessile, usually stout, or slender to globose;
    52 KB (888 words) - 11:54, 30 July 2020
  • rarely, gynecandrous with few staminate flowers, pedunculate, prophyllate; terminal spike gynecandrous with few perigynia, staminate, or pistillate. Proximal
    15 KB (557 words) - 02:02, 30 July 2020
  • varying to terete or laterally compressed, with 2 (3) florets, lower florets staminate, sterile, or reduced, upper florets usually bisexual; calluses not developed
    21 KB (1,188 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
  • or white. Disc-florets 3–150+, usually bisexual, fertile (functionally staminate in Dicranocarpus); corollas usually yellow to orange, sometimes brown,
    12 KB (744 words) - 23:22, 29 July 2020
  • (forming panicles), bracteolate. Flowers bisexual or unisexual, if unisexual, staminate and pistillate on same or different plants, hypogynous, subsessile to long-pedicellate;
    9 KB (384 words) - 00:56, 30 July 2020
  • solitary. Pedicels present, pistillate sometimes elongating in fruit. Staminate flowers: sepals 4–6, connate basally; petals 0; nectary extrastaminal,
    16 KB (864 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
  • triangular in cross-section. Leaves 3-ranked, occasionally nearly 2-ranked. Staminate flowers: perianth of 4 (–6) sepals, well defined, minute, membranaceous
    5 KB (331 words) - 08:39, 30 July 2020
  • and Zinnia). Disc-florets 4–200+, bisexual and fertile, or functionally staminate; corollas usually yellow to orange, sometimes brown, greenish, maroon,
    21 KB (800 words) - 22:59, 29 July 2020
  • Inflorescences unisexual or bisexual (pistillate flowers proximal, staminate distal [staminate proximal, pistillate distal]), axillary or terminal, spikelike
    17 KB (923 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
  • (pistillate flowers proximal, staminate distal), axillary, racemes; glands subtending each bract 0. Pedicels present. Staminate flowers: sepals [4–] 5, valvate
    14 KB (666 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
  • longitudinal slits; pistil 1, (rudimentary pistil sometimes present in staminate flowers of monoecious or dioecious taxa), (2–) 3 (–4) -carpellate, homostylous
    23 KB (1,508 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
  • bracts usually present. Flowers bisexual or unisexual, some species with staminate or pistillate flowers, plants usually hermaphroditic, some dioecious, some
    20 KB (532 words) - 11:23, 30 July 2020
  • Flowers bisexual or unisexual, bisexual only, or staminate and pistillate on different plants, or staminate and bisexual on some plants, pistillate and bisexual
    10 KB (319 words) - 08:27, 30 July 2020
  • Disc-florets 5–250+, usually bisexual and fertile, rarely functionally staminate; corollas yellow, orange, or wholly or partly purple, redbrown, or reddish
    13 KB (688 words) - 22:34, 29 July 2020
  • subtending each bract 0. Pedicels present, staminate with persistent base, pistillate elongated in fruit. Staminate flowers: sepals 3–5, usually green, sometimes
    14 KB (615 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
  • or intermixed with staminates, staminates usually in racemiform to spiciform arrays; rarely, single plants all or mostly staminate or pistillate). Pistillate
    16 KB (728 words) - 23:11, 29 July 2020
  • epidermal-cells. Inflorescences racemes, cymes, or capitula. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate on same or different plants, small, occasionally on flattened
    9 KB (490 words) - 08:32, 30 July 2020
  • Flowers unisexual, the proximal rarely with ring of sterile stamens; staminate flowers pedicellate, distal to pistillate flowers; pistillate flowers mostly
    14 KB (539 words) - 00:58, 30 July 2020
  • arrays. Involucres: staminate 6–8 mm; pistillate 6–8 mm. Phyllaries distally red to pink, light-brown, or white. Corollas: staminate 3–4.5 mm; pistillate
    12 KB (714 words) - 20:21, 29 July 2020
  • or night in Cylindropuntia fulgida), bisexual (sometimes functionally staminate or pistillate), solitary in areoles [terminal], radially or bilaterally
    9 KB (803 words) - 09:14, 30 July 2020
  • Inflorescences umbellate [or racemose or spicate]. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate on different plants; tepals 6, distinct, rarely united into
    4 KB (170 words) - 06:14, 30 July 2020
  • and flowers crowded, developing and maturing at same time as staminate catkins. Staminate flowers in catkins, 3 per scale; stamens (3–) 4 (–6); anthers
    14 KB (902 words) - 08:46, 30 July 2020
  • tend to be congested, ± erect, with more numerous spikes with shorter staminate bases, and with the proximalmost bracts longer and more leaflike. Those
    57 KB (937 words) - 01:54, 30 July 2020
  • or in cymes in axils of subtending scales, not in cavities or grooves. Staminate flowers: petals 3–4 (–6), triangular, distinct, radially symmetric or slightly
    13 KB (906 words) - 17:24, 5 October 2020
  • gynecandrous, pedunculate, peduncle 1+ cm, prophyllate; terminal spike erect, staminate, gynecandrous, or rarely androgynous. Proximal pistillate scales green
    18 KB (940 words) - 02:10, 30 July 2020
  • dealbata). Disc-florets 4–200+, usually bisexual, fertile (functionally staminate in Arnica dealbata); corollas yellow, orange, purplish, or whitish, usually
    17 KB (818 words) - 23:57, 29 July 2020
  • floret (s) sterile or staminate; florets laterally compressed or terete, cylindrical to obovoid, awned or unawned, sterile and staminate florets progressively
    21 KB (1,159 words) - 04:42, 30 July 2020
  • raylike). Disc-florets 2–20 (–30+), bisexual and fertile, or functionally staminate; corollas (glabrous or ± hirtellous) usually pale-yellow, rarely red, tubes
    14 KB (1,396 words) - 20:45, 29 July 2020
  • sometimes 2). Disc-florets 1–200+, bisexual and fertile, or functionally staminate; corollas usually yellow, sometimes brown, orange, reddish, or whitish
    15 KB (799 words) - 23:36, 29 July 2020
  • frequently basal, sometimes with 1–2 staminate flowers proximally, pedunculate, prophyllate; terminal spike staminate. Proximal pistillate scales with apex
    9 KB (460 words) - 02:08, 30 July 2020
  • pubescent; staminodes absent from staminate flowers, usually present in pistillate flowers; pistils rudimentary or absent in staminate flowers. Achenes flattened
    8 KB (418 words) - 08:38, 30 July 2020
  • ochroleucous or cyanic. Disc-florets bisexual and fertile (rarely functionally staminate); corollas yellow, cyanic, or white, usually actinomorphic, lobes 5, usually
    15 KB (836 words) - 20:05, 29 July 2020
  • 1-2 (3) florets, lowest floret in each spikelet bisexual, distal florets staminate or sterile; disarticulation at the base of the branches or above the glumes
    16 KB (1,065 words) - 04:46, 30 July 2020
  • leaves emerge (sometimes before in S. babylonica), from lateral buds; staminate on flowering branchlet or sessile, usually slender or stout, sometimes
    14 KB (582 words) - 12:06, 30 July 2020
  • purple. Disc-florets 1–120+, usually bisexual and fertile [functionally staminate]; corollas yellow to orange or brown, or pinkish to purplish or reddish
    11 KB (674 words) - 23:30, 29 July 2020
  • androgynous, pedunculate, prophyllate; distal 1–6; lateral spikes staminate; terminal spike staminate. Proximal pistillate scales 1–3-veined, margins entire, apex
    13 KB (709 words) - 02:14, 30 July 2020
  • to tomentose, sometimes abaxially resinous-glandular. Inflorescences: staminate catkins mostly terminal on branchlets, solitary or in small racemose clusters
    18 KB (893 words) - 08:41, 30 July 2020
  • gynecandrous, pistillate, or staminate, sessile, without prophylls; terminal spike gynecandrous, pistillate, or staminate. Proximal pistillate scales with
    9 KB (540 words) - 01:53, 30 July 2020
  • recurved-nodding) in fruit > 7 7 Inflorescences: staminate flowers solitary > 8 7 Inflorescences: staminate flowers (1–)2–200 in racemes, racemoid panicles
    19 KB (877 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
  • Inflorescences: staminate flowers solitary [in axillary fascicles]; pistillate flowers solitary, from different axils than staminate; floral bracts absent
    15 KB (1,114 words) - 11:41, 30 July 2020
  • 0. Staminate flowers solitary; stamen 1, anthers [3 or] 4-locular, filaments glabrous; staminode 0. Pistillate flowers usually abaxial to staminate, ovary
    13 KB (810 words) - 19:03, 29 July 2020
  • (–23) × 1–3.5 (–5) mm, dominant shoot 1–6 mm diam. at base. Staminate pedicels absent. Staminate flowers slightly asymmetric (distal lateral petals keeled
    14 KB (1,109 words) - 18:24, 29 July 2020
  • pistillate, distal fertile scales staminate or sometimes empty; occasionally some spikelets entirely pistillate or staminate. Flowers unisexual; perianth absent;
    13 KB (648 words) - 01:45, 30 July 2020
  • involucres mostly present in staminate flowers, rare in pistillate, clear, bronze, brown, light green, purple, or red-purple. Staminate flowers subtended by membranous
    10 KB (561 words) - 01:00, 30 July 2020
  • Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate usually on different plants, when on same plants (in some populations and cultivars), then staminate flowers produced
    9 KB (306 words) - 08:37, 30 July 2020
  • cymes, racemes, or panicles, flowers pedicillate. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate on different plants, never showy; sepaloid bracteoles absent;
    10 KB (235 words) - 08:40, 30 July 2020
  • fertilization not elongating, not spiraling. Flowers bisexual or unisexual, staminate and pistillate on same plant; subtending bracts absent; perianth present
    7 KB (311 words) - 00:51, 30 July 2020
  • occasionally bisexual, staminate and pistillate flowers usually on different plants, occasionally on same plants; perianth absent. Staminate flowers subtended
    8 KB (323 words) - 08:20, 30 July 2020
  • variously shaped, margin entire, hastately lobed, or variously dentate. Staminate flowers in axillary glomerules or more typically in naked terminal spikes
    6 KB (701 words) - 09:37, 30 July 2020
  • spatulate, margins serrate or entire, surfaces eglandular. Inflorescences: staminate flowers solitary or 2–10 (–18) in axillary racemes, fascicles, or panicles;
    17 KB (1,139 words) - 11:28, 30 July 2020
  • stem; lateral spikes pistillate, pedunculate, prophyllate; terminal spike staminate. Proximal pistillate scales green to dark-brown, margins entire, apex retuse
    14 KB (621 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
  • Flowers bisexual or unisexual, staminate and pistillate usually on same plants or functionally on different plants, staminate flowers distal to pistillate
    14 KB (1,075 words) - 00:56, 30 July 2020
  • 5-11-veined, not saccate, apices rounded to attenuate. Lower florets sterile or staminate; lower lemmas similar to the upper glumes; lower paleas sometimes present
    26 KB (1,343 words) - 04:00, 30 July 2020
  • (Myriophyllum); bracts and bracteoles present. Flowers bisexual or unisexual, staminate and pistillate usually on same plant, sessile or pedicellate (sometimes
    11 KB (512 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
  • Inflorescences: staminate inflorescences cymes or fascicles; pistillate solitary or few-flowered clusters. Flowers usually unisexual, staminate and pistillate
    9 KB (475 words) - 08:41, 30 July 2020
  • the rachis of a pistillate catkin continues to elongate but rachises of staminate catkins do not. A floral bract (scale) subtends each flower. Pistillate
    35 KB (4,327 words) - 12:03, 30 July 2020
  • 2-cleft, papillate). Inner (functionally staminate or bisexual) florets 1–78, usually functionally staminate, rarely bisexual and fertile; corollas whitish
    13 KB (1,178 words) - 21:26, 29 July 2020
  • in Filagininae), staminate paleae enlarged, thickened, apices erect or spreading, blunt, adaxially green and lanuginose, and staminate corollas zygomorphic
    9 KB (621 words) - 20:41, 29 July 2020
  • on page 410, 411. Plants annual, usually monoecious (in some species, staminate flowers rare). Stems usually erect, not fleshy. Inflorescences terminal
    3 KB (373 words) - 09:41, 30 July 2020
  • androgynous, or, rarely, staminate, pedunculate, prophyllate, pistillate scales ovoid, with not more than 25 perigynia; terminal spike staminate, androgynous, or
    9 KB (463 words) - 02:12, 30 July 2020
  • below the sessile spikelets. ALL TAXA: Staminate spikelets in sessile-pedicellate pairs, each with 2 staminate florets; glumes membranous to chartaceous
    18 KB (1,501 words) - 04:30, 30 July 2020
  • more than 40 perigynia, dense, pedunculate, prophyllate; terminal spike staminate or, occasionally, androgynous. Proximal pistillate scales with apex obtuse
    10 KB (625 words) - 02:18, 30 July 2020
  • abaxially. Inflorescences 2–15-flowered cymes (staminate) or solitary flowers (pistillate, rarely staminate). Pedicels accrescent in fruit [or not], slender
    9 KB (562 words) - 13:05, 30 July 2020
  • distinct or connate basally; bracteoles 0. Pedicels: staminate present, pistillate absent. Staminate flowers: sepals 4, valvate in bud, apically connivent
    11 KB (672 words) - 18:18, 29 July 2020
  • proximally pistillate, distally staminate, often with intermediate transitional zone of bisexual flowers. Flowers 4-merous, staminate petals persistent or caducous
    19 KB (1,182 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
  • paniculate, 5–125-flowered, glabrous. Flowers usually bisexual, but often staminate on branches in panicles, protandrous, pedicellate; perianth hypogynous
    13 KB (735 words) - 06:04, 30 July 2020
  • slightly sulcate, apices rounded to attenuate; lower florets sterile or staminate; lower lemmas similar to the upper glumes; lower paleas absent, or shorter
    26 KB (1,480 words) - 04:05, 30 July 2020
  • amphistomatous), 1.2–7 times as long as wide, adaxial surface not glaucous. Staminate flowers: filaments glabrous or hairy. Pistillate flowers: adaxial nectary
    4 KB (588 words) - 11:55, 30 July 2020
  • pith circular to remotely triangular in cross-section. Leaves 2-ranked. Staminate flowers: perianth absent. Pistillate flowers 2 per bract; perianth adnate
    4 KB (313 words) - 08:29, 30 July 2020
  • opposite or alternate, sessile; blade ovate to linear, small, entire. Staminate flowers in axillary glomerules. Fruiting bracteoles monomorphic, sessile
    3 KB (480 words) - 09:36, 30 July 2020
  • proximal cyme several-flowered, distal cyme vestigial or with 1–several staminate flowers; spathes often filled with mucilaginous liquid, margins distinct
    9 KB (390 words) - 01:00, 30 July 2020
  • narrower, thinner than involucral-bracts, often scarious. Flowers mostly with staminate and pistillate on same plants, 2–3-merous; sepals 2 (–3), adnate to stipelike
    13 KB (541 words) - 01:03, 30 July 2020
  • spathe; spathe a 2-fid bract or pair of opposite bracts. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate on same plants or on different plants, often with rudiments
    11 KB (422 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
  • Ulmus) or of current season (e.g., Celtis). Flowers bisexual or unisexual, staminate and pistillate on same [different] plants; sepals persistent, (1-) 5 (-9)
    9 KB (457 words) - 08:44, 30 July 2020
  • occasionally longer, sterile or staminate, with 1 floret, often disarticulating as the rame matures; lemmas present in staminate spikelets, hyaline, unawned
    13 KB (1,172 words) - 04:27, 30 July 2020
  • unisexual, rarely bisexual, staminate and pistillate flowers usually on different plants, infrequently on same plants. Staminate flowers: stamens (2-) 3-12
    9 KB (420 words) - 08:24, 30 July 2020
  • axillary, lax, of cymes arranged in racemes or panicles. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate flowers in loose to tight clusters in separate inflorescences
    7 KB (273 words) - 08:29, 30 July 2020
  • congested to remote along an often zigzag simple or branched rachis; staminate heads deciduous but rachis often persistent, distal to pistillate heads
    14 KB (789 words) - 00:57, 30 July 2020
  • oblong, flat to concave most of lengths (not enclosing florets); wings 0. Staminate or bisexual paleae readily falling (coherent with pistillate), (1–) 3–5
    10 KB (742 words) - 20:40, 29 July 2020
  • Mentioned on page 410, 411, 426, 429. Plants monoecious (in some species staminate flowers rare). Stems ascending, prostrate, or erect, not fleshy (fleshy
    4 KB (520 words) - 09:41, 30 July 2020
  • branches usually unisexual, lower branches staminate, upper branches pistillate, middle branches sometimes with staminate and pistillate spikelets intermixed;
    12 KB (1,007 words) - 03:03, 30 July 2020
  • enclosing a floret, outermost open in 2 spp.); wings ± erect (apical). Staminate paleae readily falling, mostly 2–4, erect in fruit (not enlarged), shorter
    11 KB (678 words) - 20:39, 29 July 2020
  • fruitlike and fleshy receptacle (syconium). Flowers: staminate and pistillate on same plant. Staminate flowers sessile or pedicellate; calyx of 2-6 sepals;
    8 KB (474 words) - 08:43, 30 July 2020
  • pistil 1; ovule 1; style 0.1–1 mm, or absent; stigmas 2–3 (–5), slender. Staminate flowers: tepals 3–5, equal or subequal; stamens 3–5, filaments distinct
    32 KB (1,366 words) - 09:41, 30 July 2020
  • hypanthium. Flowers bisexual or unisexual, staminate and pistillate on same or different plants, or bisexual and staminate on different plants, or all bisexual
    18 KB (937 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
  • fertile; corollas yellow, orange, or white. Disc-florets 3–150+, functionally staminate; corollas yellow, orange, or whitish, tubes shorter than funnelform or
    8 KB (555 words) - 23:33, 29 July 2020
  • spathe as involucre, sessile or short-pedunculate. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate on same or separate plants; subtending bracts absent; perianth
    6 KB (246 words) - 00:51, 30 July 2020
  • Pedicellate spikelets usually vestigial or absent, sometimes well-developed and staminate. x = 10. Minn., Conn., N.J., N.Y., Wis., Del., D.C, Man., Ont., Que., Sask
    14 KB (1,071 words) - 04:25, 30 July 2020
  • pair of minute bracts. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate flowers on different plants or rarely staminate and pistillate flowers on same plant; tepals
    11 KB (804 words) - 05:18, 30 July 2020
  • Shrubs, 10–20(–35) dm; leaves simple; flowers all pistillate, all staminate, or staminate with terminal one bisexual. Fallugia 1 Herbs or subshrubs, 0.2–12
    6 KB (393 words) - 14:33, 30 July 2020
  • times as long as wide; staminate scales obtuse to acute. > 8 7 Staminate portion of terminal spike (4.2–)5.8–14.5 mm; staminate scales 1.1–1.8(–2.1) mm
    10 KB (539 words) - 01:25, 30 July 2020
  • arrays. Involucres: staminate 6–8 mm; pistillate 6–8 mm. Phyllaries distally red to pink, light-brown, or white. Corollas: staminate 3–4.5 mm; pistillate
    6 KB (538 words) - 23:54, 29 July 2020
  • scalelike; staminate inflorescences catkinlike spikes, short-to-elongate; pistillate inflorescences heads, globular to ovoid. Flowers unisexual, staminate and
    8 KB (483 words) - 08:47, 30 July 2020
  • from buds containing them at anthesis, expanding at same time as staminate. Staminate flowers in catkins 3 per scale, congested; stamens 4, divided nearly
    11 KB (845 words) - 08:29, 30 July 2020
  • smooth (glabrous, tomentose, or glandular), usually epaleate. Functionally staminate florets 10–50; corollas white to pale-yellow, tubes about equal to narrowly
    19 KB (1,032 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
  • style and stigma formis the beak. The staminate rachises often persist, and the location and numbers of staminate heads can be determined from the scars
    9 KB (851 words) - 00:57, 30 July 2020
  • viridula subsp. brachyrrhyncha). Inflorescences: peduncles of terminal staminate spikes 0–28 mm; bracts to 18 cm × 0.6–3.4 mm; inner band of sheaths concave
    8 KB (697 words) - 02:18, 30 July 2020
  • central, staminate lateral), axillary or terminal, cymes or fascicles, or flowers solitary; glands subtending each bract 0. Pedicels present. Staminate flowers:
    14 KB (637 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
  • unlobed; surfaces abaxially resin-dotted and×or gland-dotted. Inflorescences: staminate inflorescences axillary and terminal, cymose-panicles, erect to pendent
    5 KB (301 words) - 08:23, 30 July 2020
  • absent; receptacle glabrous or variously hairy. Flowers (florets) unisexual, staminate and pistillate on same [rarely different] plants, radially or bilaterally
    13 KB (443 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
  • awnlike, usually exceeding the floret. Lateral spikelets usually sterile or staminate, often bisexual in cultivated forms; florets pedicellate, usually reduced;
    14 KB (1,269 words) - 02:55, 30 July 2020
  • florets, (0) 1-11-veined; upper glumes 5-13-veined; lower florets sterile or staminate; lower lemmas similar to the upper glumes, 5-9-veined; lower paleas if
    18 KB (1,245 words) - 04:10, 30 July 2020
  • flowers proximal, staminate distal), terminal, spikes or spikelike thyrses; glands subtending each bract 2. Pedicels absent. Staminate flowers: sepals 2
    11 KB (559 words) - 18:22, 29 July 2020
  • floret); wings inflexed (± lateral). Staminate paleae 0. Pistillate florets (8–) 20–100+. Functionally staminate florets 2–10; corolla lobes 4–5, ± equal
    10 KB (639 words) - 20:39, 29 July 2020
  • unisexual, staminate and pistillate on same plant or different plants; subtending bracts (retinacula) often present; perianth absent. Staminate flowers:
    7 KB (339 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
  • bisexual, racemes, 1–3 cm, staminate flowers 10–20, pistillate flowers 1–4. Pedicels: staminate 0.8–2 mm, pistillate 0–5 mm. Staminate flowers: sepals 5, 0.8–1
    10 KB (534 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
  • pedicellate. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate on same plants in same or different inflorescences [staminate and pistillate on different plants
    6 KB (239 words) - 08:42, 30 July 2020
  • glabrous. Staminate heads 2–53 (ray-florets: 0 or 1–70, styliferous and sterile, corolla laminae 1.1–12 mm; disc-florets 11–78, functionally staminate; style-branches
    9 KB (642 words) - 21:26, 29 July 2020
  • compressed, stramineous to brown at maturity, with 3 florets, lowest 2 florets staminate or reduced to dorsally awned lemmas subequal to or exceeding distal floret
    14 KB (1,372 words) - 02:40, 30 July 2020
  • Disc (inner) florets usually bisexual and fertile, rarely functionally staminate (e.g., Benitoa); corollas usually yellow, sometimes white, ochroleucous
    79 KB (1,886 words) - 20:55, 29 July 2020
  • growing season by syllepsis from lateral buds (branched or unbranched); staminate on flowering branchlet, slender to stout; pistillate on flowering branchlet
    20 KB (1,565 words) - 12:13, 30 July 2020
  • 3-5-veined (rarely 7-11-veined); lower florets usually sterile, occasionally staminate; lower paleas absent, small, or large, not thickened; upper florets variable
    6 KB (905 words) - 04:08, 30 July 2020
  • ochroleucous, rarely yellowish. Disc (inner) florets bisexual or functionally staminate; corollas usually pink to purplish, sometimes whitish or ochroleucous,
    9 KB (534 words) - 20:42, 29 July 2020
  • medial blade 1.5–9 times as long as wide, adaxial surface not glaucous. Staminate flowers: filaments glabrous or hairy. Pistillate flowers: adaxial nectary
    4 KB (476 words) - 12:02, 30 July 2020
  • thyrses with intercalary meristems; flowers borne in cavities or grooves. Staminate flowers: petals (2–) 3 (–4), triangular, distinct; stamens (2–) 3 (–4);
    11 KB (739 words) - 18:27, 29 July 2020
  • monoecious, staminate and pistillate spikelets evidently distinct, located in the same inflorescences, pistillate spikelets below the staminate spikelets
    8 KB (948 words) - 04:30, 30 July 2020
  • Flowers unisexual; tepals 6, greenish, yellow, or bronze, ovate to elliptic; staminate flowers sometimes with pistillode, stamens 6, anthers basifixed, dehiscence
    14 KB (755 words) - 06:14, 30 July 2020
  • punctate. Inflorescences: staminate 5–9-flowered, pistillate 3–7-flowered; peduncle 1.3–4.3 × 1.2–2.2 mm. Pedicels: 0.4–1.1 mm in staminate inflorescences, 1–1
    7 KB (528 words) - 13:08, 30 July 2020
  • Florets: peripheral 1–25 pistillate and fertile; central 3–32 functionally staminate (not setting fruits); corollas subglobose. North America, Eurasia Species
    6 KB (438 words) - 20:45, 29 July 2020
  • As a consequence of clonal growth, whole patches of trees may be solely staminate or pistillate and have uniform leaf morphology and phenology, sometimes
    32 KB (2,739 words) - 12:04, 30 July 2020
  • to scabrous adaxially. Inflorescences with both staminate and pistillate spikes; peduncles of staminate spikes 0.4–9.9 mm; proximal nonbasal bracts leaflike
    8 KB (680 words) - 01:22, 30 July 2020
  • Inflorescences axillary. Flowers bisexual, staminate, or pistillate, proximal flowers usually bisexual and staminate, distal flowers pistillate; involucral-bracts
    7 KB (312 words) - 08:27, 30 July 2020
  • compact to lax cymes. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate flowers in same cyme; bracts deltate to linear. Staminate flowers: tepals 4; stamens 4; pistillode
    7 KB (277 words) - 08:22, 30 July 2020
  • cuneate, margin entire (rarely dentate), apex retuse to obtuse or rounded. Staminate flowers yellow or brown, in numerous clusters 2–4 mm wide, in spikes or
    9 KB (797 words) - 09:37, 30 July 2020
  • (pinnate in lobes). Inflorescences bisexual (pistillate flowers proximal, staminate distal), terminal or axillary, racemes or panicles; glands subtending each
    11 KB (580 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
  • terminal panicles. Flowers unisexual; perianth epigynous; hypanthium absent (staminate flowers), completely adnate to ovary (pistillate flowers); sepals 2, 4
    7 KB (274 words) - 18:19, 29 July 2020
  • blade typically broadest near base, entire or dentate, often hastate. Staminate flowers in axillary, sometimes paniculate or spicate glomerules. Fruiting
    3 KB (486 words) - 09:35, 30 July 2020
  • adaxial faces often different colors). Disc-florets usually functionally staminate, sometimes bisexual and fertile; corollas yellow, orange, or cyanic (sometimes
    8 KB (479 words) - 20:30, 29 July 2020
  • enclosing a floret); wings ± erect (and lateral) or inflexed (and subapical). Staminate paleae 0 or 1–3, falling, erect in fruit (not enlarged), shorter than pistillate
    9 KB (613 words) - 20:39, 29 July 2020
  • which has a single staminate spike or, in arctic or alpine taxa, a gynecandrous terminal spike. Proximal spikes are not staminate at the apex, unlike
    8 KB (690 words) - 02:01, 30 July 2020
  • reduced to 1 flower. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate flowers on different plants, rarely staminate and pistillate flowers on same plant or
    9 KB (490 words) - 05:18, 30 July 2020
  • fertile; corollas yellow or white. Disc-florets 20–200+, functionally staminate; corollas yellow or white, tubes much shorter than narrow, cylindric throats
    10 KB (661 words) - 23:01, 29 July 2020
  • blade typically widest at or beyond middle, margin entire or dentate. Staminate flowers in axillary glomerules or glomerules arranged in paniculate spikes
    4 KB (537 words) - 09:37, 30 July 2020
  • Involucres: staminate 6–6.5 mm; pistillate 6–11 mm. Phyllaries (bases sometimes rose) distally white, cream, or light-brown. Corollas: staminate 3–4 mm; pistillate
    8 KB (690 words) - 20:32, 29 July 2020
  • erose-obtuse). Corollas: staminate unknown; pistillate 2.5–6 mm. Cypselae 0.7–1.8 mm, glabrous or papillate; pappi: staminate unknown; pistillate 3.5–6
    8 KB (738 words) - 20:33, 29 July 2020
  • inflorescences with pistillate cupules/flowers toward base and staminate flowers distally. Staminate flowers: sepals distinct; stamens (6-) 12 (-18), typically
    7 KB (419 words) - 08:38, 30 July 2020
  • Inflorescences: staminate flowers 5–100 in axillary panicles or racemoid panicles; pistillate flowers solitary, in same axils as staminate; peduncles erect
    13 KB (723 words) - 11:19, 30 July 2020
  • throughout season, axillary, sessile in S. bonplandiana), from lateral buds; staminate from flowering branchlet, slender to stout; pistillate from flowering branchlet
    15 KB (947 words) - 12:03, 30 July 2020
  • pistillate florets, distal florets in the bisexual spikelets often sterile or staminate; rachilla extension present. Glumes 2, usually equal, (1) 3-7-veined, usually
    13 KB (931 words) - 04:50, 30 July 2020
  • with erect to spreading teeth. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate on different plants. Staminate spikes 0.4-4 cm, 11-13 whorls per cm; anthers 0
    6 KB (400 words) - 08:41, 30 July 2020
  • with erect to spreading teeth. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate on same plant. Staminate spikes 0.7-4 cm, 7-11.5 whorls per cm; anthers 0.6-0
    6 KB (458 words) - 08:34, 30 July 2020
  • 4 per culm, scattered; peduncles of pistillate spikes 0.5–10.2 cm; of staminate spike 0.4–8.7 cm. Bracts 2.2–11.4 cm × 1–3 mm. Pistillate spikes: proximal
    8 KB (636 words) - 02:08, 30 July 2020
  • per node, functionally unisexual, pistillate flowers with staminodes, staminate flowers with reduced pistils; tepals white to cream or tan, 1.3–5 mm, apex
    10 KB (569 words) - 06:10, 30 July 2020
  • orange. Disc-florets 10–120, usually bisexual and fertile (functionally staminate in A. dealbata); corollas usually yellow, rarely cream, tubes shorter than
    16 KB (834 words) - 23:57, 29 July 2020
  • lacking limbs (reduced to tubes), inner florets bisexual or functionally staminate, corollas zygomorphic (2-lipped) or actinomorphic (Chaptalia, Leibnitzia);
    12 KB (739 words) - 20:02, 29 July 2020
  • pistillate or the distal 1 (–5) staminate or androgynous, globose, ovoid, or cylindric, pedunculate, prophyllate; terminal spike staminate. Proximal pistillate scales
    8 KB (437 words) - 02:16, 30 July 2020
  • cylindric, pedunculate, prophyllate; distal 1–5 lateral spikes staminate; terminal spikes staminate. Proximal pistillate scales with apex obtuse to acuminate
    9 KB (468 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
  • hence the spikelets 4 or more ranked, rarely terminating in an unbranched staminate inflorescence. Caryopses concealed in fruitcases (wild taxa) or exposed
    8 KB (1,025 words) - 04:30, 30 July 2020
  • pistillate catkins distal to staminate on short, leafy new growth, solitary, ± erect, elongate; bracts and flowers uncrowded. Staminate flowers in catkins 3 per
    10 KB (706 words) - 08:38, 30 July 2020
  • to species in sect. Divisae integrates both pistillate and staminate features, but staminate specimens of the section can be more difficult to determine
    10 KB (674 words) - 01:51, 30 July 2020
  • bracteoles often present, subtending flowers. Flowers unisexual [bisexual], staminate and pistillate on same plant, sessile or pedicellate; perianth and androecium
    8 KB (239 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
  • spiraling. Flowers uniasexual, staminate and pistillate on separate plants; subtending bracts absent; perianth absent. Staminate flowers: stamens 2, in 1 series;
    7 KB (292 words) - 00:57, 30 July 2020
  • shoots with long-recurved teeth. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate on different plants. Staminate spikes 1.2-4 cm, 7-10 whorls per cm; anthers ca
    5 KB (417 words) - 08:23, 30 July 2020
  • Spikes: erect; proximal 2–6 spikes pistillate; terminal (1–) 2–4 spikes staminate. Pistillate scales redbrown to purple-brown, apex obtuse or acute, awnless
    6 KB (602 words) - 02:02, 30 July 2020
  • when mature; staminate flowers and pistillate flowers on different spadices on different plants; pistillate spadix with rudimentary staminate flowers. Staminate
    5 KB (373 words) - 01:00, 30 July 2020
  • 2 2 Staminate flowers with petaloid staminodes between stamens and sepals; perianth widely bell-shaped or tardily rotate. Subg. Atragene 2 Staminate flowers
    9 KB (493 words) - 08:33, 30 July 2020
  • disarticulating). Spikelets planoconvex, with 2 (3) florets; lower florets sterile or staminate; upper florets bisexual, dorsally compressed. Glumes membranous; lower
    20 KB (1,801 words) - 03:59, 30 July 2020
  • foliaceous. Pedicels erect. Flowers functionally unisexual or, occasionally, staminate plants also with some bisexual; perianth and androecium subperigynous;
    10 KB (561 words) - 10:21, 30 July 2020
  • Racemes pendent; staminate-flowered racemes 7–15 cm, puberulent; pistillate-flowered racemes 7–10 cm, pubescent. Pedicels: staminate 1.5–2 mm; pistillate
    8 KB (514 words) - 14:06, 30 July 2020
  • inflorescence; receptacular-bracts as long as involucral-bracts. Flowers: staminate and pistillate on same plants, 3-merous (2-merous in Lachnocaulon digynum);
    10 KB (483 words) - 00:57, 30 July 2020
  • cm; of staminate spikes exserted 0–9.5 cm; bracts 2–11.8 cm × 1.3–4.8 mm. Pistillate spikes: the proximal basal, scattered, drooping. Staminate spike 1
    8 KB (614 words) - 02:08, 30 July 2020
  • to scabrous adaxially. Inflorescences with both staminate and pistillate spikes; peduncles of staminate spikes (0.8–) 2.5–20 mm; proximal cauline bracts
    8 KB (672 words) - 01:23, 30 July 2020
  • oblanceolate or obovate, rarely ovate, base cuneate to rounded. Pedicels: staminate present or absent, bisexual and pistillate absent [present]. Flowers: sepals
    7 KB (488 words) - 18:15, 29 July 2020
  • diam. at base; pistillate stems usually longer than staminate. Staminate pedicels absent. Staminate flowers radially symmetric, 1 terminating stem or 3
    7 KB (628 words) - 18:33, 29 July 2020
  • androgynous, rarely distal 1–3 spikes staminate, sometimes some basal, pedunculate, prophyllate; terminal spike staminate. Proximal pistillate scales with apex
    8 KB (535 words) - 02:08, 30 July 2020
  • dimorphic, functionally unisexual, staminate and pistillate on different plants; sepals distinct, symmetric; staminate petals distinct or appearing briefly
    6 KB (241 words) - 00:58, 30 July 2020
  • pedunculate, elongate. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate on same or different plants, staminate ascending, the pistillate lax or recurved. Pistillate
    6 KB (381 words) - 08:40, 30 July 2020
  • leaves poorly developed. Inflorescences with both staminate and pistillate spikes; peduncles of staminate spikes 0.7–13 mm; proximal nonbasal bracts leaflike
    8 KB (659 words) - 01:23, 30 July 2020
  • sometimes. Corollas: staminate 2.5–3 mm; pistillate 3–4.5 mm. Cypselae 1.2–2 mm, glabrous or slightly papillate; pappi: staminate 3–4 mm; pistillate 3
    7 KB (694 words) - 20:34, 29 July 2020
  • adaxially. Inflorescences usually with both staminate and pistillate spikes, rarely only pistillate; peduncle of staminate spike 0.7–9.7 mm; proximal nonbasal
    8 KB (669 words) - 01:22, 30 July 2020
  • slightly convex; appendages usually petaloid, occasionally rudimentary. Staminate flowers (5–) 20–25 (–70). Pistillate flowers: ovary glabrous or hairy;
    16 KB (581 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
  • lateral shoots; staminate spicate thyrses, pistillate flowers solitary [terminal spikes]; glands subtending bracts 0. Pedicels: staminate present, pistillate
    8 KB (363 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
  • clustered on axillary short-shoots; blade glabrescent. Inflorescences: staminate paniclelike or racemelike thyrses, or fascicles on short-shoots; pistillate
    6 KB (335 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
  • (pistillate flowers central, staminate lateral), terminal, dichasial cymes; glands subtending each bract 0. Pedicels present. Staminate flowers: sepals 5, white
    9 KB (435 words) - 18:29, 29 July 2020
  • with brown centers, staminate flowers 3–8, pistillate flowers 1–3. Pedicels: staminate 2–3 mm, pistillate 1–5 (–15) mm. Staminate flowers: sepals (4–)
    8 KB (428 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
  • Inflorescences solitary, sessile; spathes not winged. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate on different plants, or rarely bisexual, usually projected
    8 KB (497 words) - 01:01, 30 July 2020
  • functionally staminate plants reduced; pedicel 1–3 mm. Utricles with style bases persistent, not [rarely] produced in functionally staminate plants, obovoid
    8 KB (612 words) - 09:12, 30 July 2020
  • catkins proximal to staminate on short, lateral, leafy new growth, solitary, ± erect, elongate, bracts and flowers uncrowded. Staminate flowers in catkins
    11 KB (676 words) - 08:28, 30 July 2020
  • attenuate, apex rounded, surfaces glabrous; venation parallel, veins 3–7. Staminate inflorescences simple dichasia, consisting of 3 flowers subtended by 2
    7 KB (584 words) - 18:29, 29 July 2020
  • thin, margins entire to remotely dentate, glabrous. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate on same plant; peduncle slender, 2.5-5 cm; outer tepals
    6 KB (402 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
  • 1-flowered, staminate; proximal spikelets 1-flowered and pistillate, or 2–4-flowered and bisexual with 1 pistillate flower proximally and 1–3 staminate flowers
    7 KB (479 words) - 01:46, 30 July 2020
  • flowers proximal to staminate flowers in each raceme. Flowers dimorphic: pistillate flowers larger and longer pediceled than staminate flowers; sepals mostly
    4 KB (234 words) - 08:48, 30 July 2020
  • herbaceous, glabrous abaxially, scabrous adaxially. Inflorescences with both staminate and pistillate spikes; peduncles of basal spikes slender, elongate, erect;
    8 KB (680 words) - 01:21, 30 July 2020
  • margins usually serrate to denticulate, surfaces eglandular. Inflorescences: staminate flowers 3–22 (–34) in axillary racemes or panicles; pistillate flowers
    10 KB (474 words) - 11:22, 30 July 2020
  • Etymology: Greek ankistros, fishhook, and karphos, chaff, alluding to staminate paleae of type species Synonyms: Stylocline sect. Ancistrocarphus (A. Gray)
    9 KB (626 words) - 20:40, 29 July 2020
  • species with spikelets in clusters, lower spikelets in the clusters usually staminate, rarely sterile, terminal spikelets bisexual or pistillate. Spikelets pedicellate
    15 KB (1,207 words) - 02:41, 30 July 2020
  • hemiamphistomatous, abaxial surface glaucous. Catkins from lateral buds. Staminate flowers: filaments glabrous. Pistillate flowers: abaxial nectary sometimes
    4 KB (452 words) - 12:24, 30 July 2020
  • cymules, proximal staminate with 2 flowers, distal bisexual with 1 pistillate flower and 1–3 staminate flowers. Pedicels: staminate 0.7–1.5 mm, pistillate
    8 KB (446 words) - 18:24, 29 July 2020
  • surface glabrous, adaxial surface scabrous with hair-bases. Inflorescences: staminate flowers in axillary racemes or narrow panicles with or without well-differentiated
    11 KB (615 words) - 11:16, 30 July 2020
  • proximal, pedunculate, prophyllate, not much longer than wide; terminal spike staminate or gynecandrous. Proximal pistillate scales with apex obtuse to acuminate
    8 KB (554 words) - 02:06, 30 July 2020
  • subtending and several within staminate spike; ,staminate spike flowers deciduous but axis generally persistent; staminate axis with numerous simple or
    16 KB (1,217 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
  • rarely bisexual, staminate and pistillate usually on different plants, 5-merous; calyces rotate, campanulate, or tubular, 5-toothed. Staminate flowers: corolla
    8 KB (298 words) - 12:04, 30 July 2020
  • Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate on same plant; perianth simple; tepals 4–5, imbricate, distinct, herbaceous. Staminate flowers: stamens [10–]
    7 KB (397 words) - 09:15, 30 July 2020
  • catkins, erect or pendent, cylindric. Flowers: staminate and pistillate on same or different plants. Staminate flowers: sepals 4 (4-5 in M. alba); stamens
    6 KB (312 words) - 08:43, 30 July 2020
  • apex acute to acuminate, surfaces puberulent when young. Inflorescences: staminate terminal on axillary branches, erect, 3–8 cm, 15+-flowered; pistillate
    6 KB (403 words) - 18:35, 29 July 2020
  • umbellate, each subtended by 2 pairs of decussate bracts. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate on different plants, a few bisexual flowers on some plants;
    6 KB (274 words) - 08:46, 30 July 2020
  • pistillate flowers; pistil 1, carpel number unknown; ovary 1/2 inferior (staminate flowers) or almost superior (pistillate flowers), becoming inferior during
    7 KB (351 words) - 18:20, 29 July 2020
  • than spathe; axis naked at base of staminate part and sometimes extending beyond staminate flowers. Flowers: staminate flowers (2–) 6–8, in single whorl
    7 KB (489 words) - 00:51, 30 July 2020
  • corymbiform arrays. Involucres: staminate 6–9 mm; pistillate (7–) 8–13 mm. Phyllaries distally white. Corollas: staminate 3.5–5 mm; pistillate 4–7 mm. Cypselae
    7 KB (654 words) - 20:31, 29 July 2020
  • cylindric. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate on same plant,, pistillate flowers covering basal portion of spadix,, staminate flowers apical, consisting
    7 KB (491 words) - 00:51, 30 July 2020
  • coiling). Disc-florets 1–150, bisexual, fertile, sometimes functionally staminate; corollas yellow or white, tubes shorter than funnelform throats, lobes
    13 KB (837 words) - 21:29, 29 July 2020
  • enclosed, staminate and pistillate spikelets usually in separate inflorescences, pistillate inflorescences at the lower or middle nodes, staminate inflorescences
    10 KB (738 words) - 03:09, 30 July 2020
  • 5–2.5 cm, staminate and pistillate flowers each (12–) 20–25. Pedicels: staminate 1.5–6 mm, pistillate 1–3.5 mm, ± recurved in fruit. Staminate flowers:
    8 KB (453 words) - 18:33, 29 July 2020
  • bisexual, spikes, 0.3–3 cm, staminate flowers 1–12, pistillate flowers 1–6. Pedicels: pistillate absent, staminate 0–1 mm. Staminate flowers: sepals 5, 1 mm
    8 KB (439 words) - 18:19, 29 July 2020
  • 2–4.5 cm, staminate flowers 0–15, pistillate flowers 0–10. Pedicels: staminate 2.2–4 mm, pistillate 2.2–7.5 mm (7–11 mm in fruit). Staminate flowers: sepals
    8 KB (459 words) - 18:33, 29 July 2020
  • unisexual; staminate racemes or irregularly branched panicles, 2–8 cm, flowers 10–30; pistillate racemes, 1–2 cm, flowers 1–6. Pedicels: staminate 2–3 mm,
    8 KB (517 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
  • 50–150 (more numerous than staminate; sometimes a few pistillate florets peripheral in predominantly staminate heads or 1–9 staminate florets central in predominantly
    6 KB (487 words) - 20:35, 29 July 2020
  • with both staminate and pistillate scales; peduncles of basal pistillate spikes erect, short-to-elongate, stout to slender; peduncles of staminate spikes
    8 KB (690 words) - 01:22, 30 July 2020
  • long-silky abaxially. Catkins: staminate 5.3–24 × 4–10 mm, flowering branchlet 0.3–24 (–43) mm; pistillate (and staminate) densely flowered, globose, subglobose
    11 KB (704 words) - 12:33, 30 July 2020
  • inflorescences with pistillate cupules/flowers toward base and staminate flowers distally. Staminate flowers: sepals distinct; stamens 12 (-18 or more) typically
    6 KB (388 words) - 08:24, 30 July 2020
  • acute. Inflorescences: staminate sparingly branched racemelike thyrses, to 20 mm; pistillate flowers solitary. Pedicels: staminate present; pistillate 6–15
    6 KB (337 words) - 18:26, 29 July 2020
  • Inflorescences: staminate 20–40-flowered, pistillate 3–10-flowered. Pedicels: staminate 3–6 mm, pistillate 1.5–5 (–12) mm. Staminate flowers: sepals ovate
    5 KB (446 words) - 18:26, 29 July 2020
  • Inflorescences unisexual, staminate glomes, pistillate flowers solitary. Pedicels: staminate rudimentary, pistillate present. Staminate flowers: sepals 5, distinct;
    7 KB (338 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
  • unisexual, proximal panicles staminate and distal pistillate, or staminate and pistillate flowers in same panicle; bracts absent. Staminate flowers: tepals 4-5
    6 KB (268 words) - 08:47, 30 July 2020
  • 0-5-veined; upper glumes longer, 0-11-veined; lower florets sterile or staminate; lower lemmas usually as long as the spikelets, membranous, 3-15-veined
    18 KB (1,301 words) - 04:12, 30 July 2020
  • nearly equaling the upper lemmas in length, 3-9-veined; lower florets staminate or sterile; lower lemmas membranous, equaling or rarely exceeding the upper
    17 KB (1,129 words) - 04:14, 30 July 2020
  • terminal-paniculate, bracteate, pubescent. Flowers bisexual or some proximal ones staminate; perianth perigynous, rotate to ± campanulate, with hypanthium fused to
    11 KB (649 words) - 05:55, 30 July 2020
  • pistillate, fertile; corollas yellow. Disc-florets 6–200+, usually functionally staminate, rarely bisexual and fertile; corollas yellow, tubes shorter than funnelform
    9 KB (671 words) - 23:40, 29 July 2020
  • surface glaucous (sometimes obscured by hairs). Catkins from lateral buds. Staminate flowers: filaments glabrous or hairy. Pistillate flowers: abaxial nectary
    4 KB (516 words) - 12:33, 30 July 2020
  • bractless or bract filiform, sheathless, prophyllate; spikes unisexual, mostly staminate and pistillate spikes on different plants. Proximal pistillate scales with
    7 KB (428 words) - 01:24, 30 July 2020
  • unisexual, staminate and pistillate on same plants or on different plants, submersed, sessile, nearly sessile (pistillate), or pedicellate (staminate); petals
    9 KB (551 words) - 00:51, 30 July 2020
  • Involucres: staminate 5–8 mm; pistillate 7–12 mm. Phyllaries distally black, dark-brown, light-brown, castaneous, or olivaceous. Corollas: staminate 3–5 mm;
    7 KB (540 words) - 20:31, 29 July 2020
  • or rounded tips (thick with rounded and dilated tips in E. myrsinites). Staminate flowers 5–40. Pistillate flowers: ovary glabrous or hairy; styles distinct
    19 KB (827 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
  • sparsely or densely villous, tomentose, or long-silky abaxially. Catkins: staminate 14–53 × 5–17 mm, flowering branchlet 1–25 mm; pistillate densely to sometimes
    16 KB (1,072 words) - 12:35, 30 July 2020
  • usually 25–150 (–400+), usually bisexual and fertile (6–15, functionally staminate in H. ambigens); corollas yellow to yellowbrown proximally, yellow distally
    15 KB (1,046 words) - 22:37, 29 July 2020
  • acuminate. Flowers all bisexual or bisexual and pistillate intermixed, staminate flowers sometimes present; perianth actinomorphic, zygomorphic, or irregular;
    12 KB (865 words) - 09:39, 30 July 2020
  • to emarginate. Inflorescences: peduncle 2 mm; bracts connate. Flowers: staminate unknown; pistillate: sepals in unequal pairs, spatulate to obovate, usually
    5 KB (365 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
  • and 2 pedicellate spikelets, basal pair (s) homomorphic and homogamous, staminate or sterile, unawned, persistent, distal spikelet pairs homomorphic but
    8 KB (802 words) - 04:24, 30 July 2020
  • (–50) perigynia, pedunculate, prophyllate; terminal spike gynecandrous or staminate. Proximal pistillate scales with apex obtuse to acuminate or awned, glabrous
    8 KB (447 words) - 02:13, 30 July 2020
  • with scattered hairs. Inflorescences: staminate flowers (6–) 10–25 per glome. Pedicels: pistillate 1–6 mm. Staminate flowers: sepals ovate or oblong, 1.5–2
    6 KB (409 words) - 18:26, 29 July 2020
  • sparsely hairy or glabrous; staminate (1–) 2–5 (–7) -flowered, pistillate and bisexual (2–) 3–5 (–8) -flowered. Staminate pedicels present. Flowers: ovary
    6 KB (470 words) - 18:22, 29 July 2020
  • thin to leathery, margins entire to remotely dentate. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate on same [different] plants, axillary, solitary, pedunculate;
    8 KB (394 words) - 08:32, 30 July 2020
  • glabrescent. Inflorescences axillary, solitary, appearing with leaves; staminate inflorescences with heads soon falling, 1-5, green, sessile, globose; pistillate
    7 KB (365 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
  • unisexual, sessile, in triads of 1 pistillate flower flanked by 2 staminate flowers. Staminate flowers: sepals 3, imbricate, free; petals 3, valvate, free;
    9 KB (514 words) - 00:52, 30 July 2020
  • sessile, borne in triads of 1 pistillate flower flanked by 2 staminate flowers. Staminate flowers: sepals 3, imbricate, free; petals 3, connate basally
    8 KB (488 words) - 00:51, 30 July 2020
  • apex acute or obtuse. Inflorescences commonly with some moniliform hairs; staminate flowers borne in spikes in apical axils or ± paniculate, glomerules 2–5-flowered;
    7 KB (543 words) - 09:32, 30 July 2020
  • at base near petiolule. Thyrses 6–20 cm. Pedicels: staminate 0.5–0.7 mm; pistillate 1–2 mm. Staminate flowers: sepals lanceolate, 1–1.2 mm, puberulent;
    7 KB (410 words) - 13:49, 30 July 2020
  • Flowers in remote or crowded clusters of 1-few staminate and several pistillate flowers or rarely staminate and pistillate flowers on different plants. Achenes
    6 KB (515 words) - 08:27, 30 July 2020
  • abaxial surface not glaucous. Catkins from subterminal or lateral buds. Staminate flowers: filaments glabrous or hairy. Pistillate flowers: abaxial nectary
    3 KB (439 words) - 12:20, 30 July 2020
  • bisexual or unisexual; perianth and androecium epigynous; hypanthium absent (staminate flowers), completely adnate to ovary (bisexual and pistillate flowers);
    7 KB (295 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
  • forked. Inflorescences axillary, solitary flowers. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate on same plant, submersed, sessile or nearly so, subtended
    6 KB (287 words) - 08:22, 30 July 2020
  • present) (3–) 5, distinct, antipetalous, anthers longitudinally dehiscent; staminate flowers: (filaments unappendaged) intrastaminal discs or, rarely, column
    7 KB (250 words) - 13:43, 30 July 2020
  • 2–8; lateral spikes pistillate often with a few staminate flowers proximally, 3.1–13.1 mm, sessile, staminate portion 10-flowered, to 6.5 mm, pistillate portion
    8 KB (661 words) - 01:54, 30 July 2020
  • basal leaves often less distinctly lobed or entire and ovate-cordate. Staminate inflorescences axillary, in fascicle of (1–) 3–5 spikes, each spike shorter
    9 KB (687 words) - 05:18, 30 July 2020
  • at pedicel base. Pedicels present. Flowers all pistillate, all staminate, or staminate with terminal one bisexual, 20–35 (–42) mm diam.; epicalyx bractlets
    10 KB (520 words) - 13:47, 30 July 2020
  • Pedicels present on staminate flowers, absent or nearly so on pistillate flowers. Flowers unisexual, all plants having both staminate and pistillate flowers
    9 KB (630 words) - 10:05, 30 July 2020
  • 3–8; lateral spikes pistillate often with few staminate flowers proximally, 3–15.5 mm, sessile, staminate portion 7-flowered, to 8.2 mm, pistillate portion
    9 KB (661 words) - 01:54, 30 July 2020
  • somewhat conspicuous [inconspicuous], bisexual or bisexual and staminate on same plant, with staminate flowers distal [proximal] on spikes (or mixed with bisexual
    12 KB (830 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
  • Catkins flowering before leaves emerge; staminate 6.5–34 × 5–19 mm, flowering branchlet 0–1 mm; pistillate (and staminate) moderately to very densely flowered
    12 KB (837 words) - 12:02, 30 July 2020
  • Corollas: staminate 2.5–4 mm; pistillate 2–4 mm. Cypselae 1–2 mm, sparingly papillate or papillate-strigose (hairs clavate); pappi: staminate 3–4.5 mm;
    6 KB (552 words) - 20:31, 29 July 2020
  • pedunculate, peduncle usually not longer than spike, prophyllate; terminal spike staminate. Proximal pistillate scales with apex acute or cuspidate. Perigynia ascending
    7 KB (441 words) - 02:18, 30 July 2020
  • Inflorescences with staminate and pistillate flowers in separate panicles, proximal panicles staminate, distal panicles pistillate. Staminate flowers ca. 1-1
    6 KB (434 words) - 08:28, 30 July 2020
  • finely reticulate. Staminate inflorescences: flowers 8–25 per fascicle. Pistillate inflorescences: flowers 1–5 per fascicle. Staminate flowers: sepals 4
    6 KB (380 words) - 18:32, 29 July 2020
  • spatulate, 1–3 mm. Staminate paleae surpassing pistillate, 1.6–3.2 mm, lengths 0.6–0.8 times head heights; apices spreading. Functionally staminate florets 2–5
    7 KB (612 words) - 20:41, 29 July 2020
  • unlobed, margins entire or toothed, teeth if present usually bristle-tipped. Staminate flowers: calyx 2-6-lobed; anthers usually retuse, rarely apiculate. Pistillate
    23 KB (617 words) - 08:21, 30 July 2020
  • stem; lateral spikes pistillate, pedunculate, prophyllate; terminal spike staminate, solitary. Proximal pistillate scales with apex obtuse to short-awned.
    9 KB (480 words) - 02:06, 30 July 2020
  • usually 5-veined (rarely 7-veined or 9-veined); lower florets sterile or staminate; lower paleas present or absent; upper florets sometimes stipitate, indurate
    5 KB (871 words) - 04:10, 30 July 2020
  • leaflike, sheathless; lateral spikes gynecandrous or pistillate, rarely staminate or androgynous, sessile, without prophylls; terminal spike usually gynecandrous
    9 KB (556 words) - 01:53, 30 July 2020
  • spikes pistillate, rarely basal, pedunculate, prophyllate; terminal spike staminate. Proximal pistillate scales with apex obtuse, acute, or awned. Perigynia
    12 KB (663 words) - 02:07, 30 July 2020
  • ± winged proximally. Inflorescences: pedicels rather long; bracts of staminate flowers lanceolate to ovate, apex acute to broadly acute, abaxial surface
    4 KB (500 words) - 00:58, 30 July 2020
  • sometimes also pistillate, staminate or with pistillate and staminate flowers scattered throughout; proximal spikes with 0–2 staminate and 9–19 pistillate flowers
    8 KB (693 words) - 01:53, 30 July 2020
  • in fruit. Flowers bisexual or rarely unisexual, some plants also having staminate unisexual flowers, others also having pistillate unisexual flowers, not
    21 KB (1,113 words) - 10:32, 30 July 2020
  • rounded to cordate, margin entire, gray to white, densely scurfy (or hairy). Staminate flowers mostly in distal axils pistillate in proximal axils, or mostly
    7 KB (732 words) - 09:36, 30 July 2020
  • Inflorescences: staminate flowers solitary, [corymbose, racemose, or umbellate], axillary; pistillate flowers solitary, from different axils than staminate; peduncles
    8 KB (385 words) - 11:16, 30 July 2020
  • amphistomatous), 2–8 times as long as wide, adaxial surface not glaucous. Staminate flowers: filaments glabrous or hairy basally. Pistillate flowers: adaxial
    4 KB (540 words) - 12:00, 30 July 2020
  • androgynous in C. microchaeta, pedunculate, prophyllate; terminal spike staminate. Proximal pistillate scales black or dark-brown, not leaflike, less than
    6 KB (409 words) - 02:04, 30 July 2020
  • in M. sativa). Disc-florets 1–80+, bisexual and fertile or functionally staminate; corollas usually yellow, sometimes purplish, tubes shorter than or about
    11 KB (700 words) - 23:44, 29 July 2020
  • with more than 50 perigynia, pedunculate, prophyllate; terminal spike staminate or gyncecandrous. Proximal pistillate scales sometimes with narrow, indistinct
    7 KB (433 words) - 02:17, 30 July 2020
  • (mostly bisexual in Datisca glomerata); calyx unequally 4–9-lobed; petals 0; staminate flowers: stamens [6–] 8–12 [–25]; filaments distinct, very short; pistillate
    5 KB (146 words) - 11:42, 30 July 2020
  • or yellowish green), pilose, villous, or long-silky abaxially. Catkins: staminate 4.8–46 × 5–11 mm, flowering branchlet 1.5–24 mm; pistillate moderately
    13 KB (835 words) - 12:25, 30 July 2020
  • 2–3). Involucres: staminate 5–7 mm; pistillate 5–8 mm. Phyllaries distally brown, dark-brown, black, or olivaceous. Corollas: staminate 2.5–3.5 mm; pistillate
    7 KB (669 words) - 20:33, 29 July 2020
  • bisexual, racemes, 2–5 cm, staminate flowers 15–35, pistillate flowers 2–8. Pedicels: staminate 1–5 mm, pistillate 0–2 mm. Staminate flowers: sepals 5, 5 mm
    8 KB (467 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
  • variable shape. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate on same or different spadix; pistillate flowers congested; staminate flowers usually scattered, distal
    7 KB (472 words) - 01:00, 30 July 2020
  • Inflorescences: spathes 1-flowered. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate on different plants; staminate flowers unknown; pistillate flowers sessile to nearly
    5 KB (453 words) - 01:03, 30 July 2020
  • adaxially scabrous. Staminate inflorescences 6-8 cm; peduncle 2-4 cm. Pistillate inflorescences ca. 2 cm diam., villous. Staminate flowers: sepals pubescent
    6 KB (397 words) - 08:29, 30 July 2020
  • narrow bract; peduncle 1-2 cm. Flowers light green, staminate and pistillate in same cyme. Staminate flowers: calyx campanulate; stamens exserted. Pistillate
    6 KB (403 words) - 08:31, 30 July 2020
  • acute or acuminate to obtuse or rounded. Pedicels: staminate 4–15 mm, pistillate 1–2 mm. Staminate flowers: sepals oblong to oblong-obovate, 2.5–3.5 mm
    5 KB (427 words) - 18:13, 29 July 2020
  • cymes, compact to lax, 12-20-flowered. Flowers mostly unisexual, usually staminate and pistillate on same plants, appearing after leaves on new stems, in
    7 KB (407 words) - 08:42, 30 July 2020
  • cm, base obtuse to rounded, apex rounded. Pedicels: staminate 6–9 mm, pistillate 3–9 mm. Staminate flowers: calyx top-shaped, truncate, 1.5–3 mm. Pistillate
    5 KB (395 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
  • spikes; spikes racemes with pistillate flowers near base, bisexual medially, staminate proximally; sessile inflorescences 2 or more, with solitary flowers pistillate
    5 KB (268 words) - 01:00, 30 July 2020
  • (pistillate flowers proximal, staminate distal), terminal, racemes [thyrses]; glands subtending each bract 0. Pedicels present. Staminate flowers: sepals 5, imbricate
    7 KB (353 words) - 18:30, 29 July 2020
  • Inflorescences axillary, spikelike or paniculate. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate flowers on same plant, rarely on different plants, in remote
    6 KB (256 words) - 08:33, 30 July 2020
  • entire or toothed, teeth if present acute or spinose, never bristle-tipped. Staminate flowers: calyx 2-6-lobed; anthers usually somewhat apiculate, occasionally
    27 KB (606 words) - 08:45, 30 July 2020
  • corollas deep or pale-yellow. Disc-florets 3–70, usually functionally staminate, seldom bisexual and fertile; corollas yellow, tubes shorter than or about
    14 KB (819 words) - 23:40, 29 July 2020
  • usually unisexual, rarely bisexual (pistillate flowers proximal, staminate distal); staminate terminal, spikelike thyrses, cymules densely crowded in conelike
    7 KB (301 words) - 18:29, 29 July 2020
  • laminae). Disc-florets usually bisexual and fertile, sometimes functionally staminate; corollas yellow or dark-brown to purple, actinomorphic, lobes [4–] 5,
    10 KB (639 words) - 20:03, 29 July 2020
  • subsessile, laterally compressed, with 1-many florets, bisexual, pistillate or staminate, lowest and distal florets often sterile; rachillas terminating in a rudimentary
    8 KB (695 words) - 03:55, 30 July 2020
  • bracts filiform, sheathless; spikes androgynous, rarely also with some staminate flowers proximally or pistillate, sessile, prophylls absent. Proximal pistillate
    8 KB (517 words) - 01:48, 30 July 2020
  • heteromorphic, usually in staminate-pistillate pairs on branchlets, with 1 floret; rachillas not prolonged beyond the florets. Staminate spikelets pedicellate
    8 KB (682 words) - 02:53, 30 July 2020
  • ovate-cordate to deltate, glabrous, margins entire or repand, apex acuminate. Staminate inflorescences (1–) 2–5 in leaf-axils, terminal, spicate to highly branched;
    9 KB (597 words) - 05:18, 30 July 2020
  • pistillate flower flanked by 2 staminate flowers, staminate flowers borne singly along distal portions of rachillae. Staminate flowers: sepals 3, free; petals
    11 KB (681 words) - 01:01, 30 July 2020
  • pistillate flower flanked by 2 staminate flowers, staminate flowers borne singly along distal portions of rachillae. Staminate flowers: sepals 3, imbricate
    10 KB (611 words) - 00:58, 30 July 2020
  • Inflorescences terminal panicles, ovate, open; rachises terminating in a staminate spikelet or naked; branches with uncinate hairs, spikelets appressed. Spikelets
    9 KB (830 words) - 02:58, 30 July 2020
  • peduncle pubescent; staminate catkins 3-5 cm; pistillate catkins 8-12 × 5-7 mm. Flowers: staminate and pistillate on different plants. Staminate flowers: sepals
    10 KB (584 words) - 08:24, 30 July 2020
  • linear-lanceolate or lanceolate, 2–10 mm. Pedicels: staminate 0–2 mm, pistillate usually absent. Staminate flowers greenish yellow; sepals 2–4 mm, densely
    9 KB (655 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
  • coarsely dentate, surfaces eglandular or gland-dotted. Inflorescences: staminate flowers (5–) 15–20 in axillary racemes, opening one at time in sequence
    10 KB (506 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
  • serrate, apex acuminate to long-acuminate, surfaces glabrous. Flowers: staminate: calyx 2 mm, lobes slender, 0.2–1 mm; stamens borne on rim of calyx, nearly
    6 KB (377 words) - 11:42, 30 July 2020
  • (laminae slightly longer than involucres). Disc-florets 3–7, functionally staminate; corollas yellow, tubes longer than narrowly funnelform throats (nerves
    7 KB (527 words) - 21:46, 29 July 2020
  • dentate, often undulate-crisped, surfaces eglandular. Inflorescences: staminate flowers (1–) 2–5 in racemes [corymbs] from proximal axils; pistillate flowers
    8 KB (383 words) - 11:25, 30 July 2020
  • abaxial surface glaucous or not. Catkins from subterminal or lateral buds. Staminate flowers: filaments glabrous or hairy. Pistillate flowers: abaxial nectary
    4 KB (459 words) - 12:22, 30 July 2020
  • medial blade 2–5 times as long as wide, adaxial surface not glaucous. Staminate flowers: filaments glabrous. Pistillate flowers: adaxial nectary longer
    3 KB (458 words) - 12:03, 30 July 2020
  • medial blade 0.7–4.2 times as long as wide, adaxial surface not glaucous. Staminate flowers: filaments glabrous or hairy basally. Pistillate flowers: adaxial
    3 KB (468 words) - 12:03, 30 July 2020
  • along midrib and secondary-veins to essentially glabrous in the fall. Staminate catkins in fascicles of 3 (except sect. Rhamphocarya of se Asia) from 1st-year
    16 KB (713 words) - 08:48, 30 July 2020
  • spathe sheath; staminate and pistillate flowers alternating on same spadix; pistillate spadix without rudimentary staminate flowers. Staminate flowers often
    6 KB (499 words) - 01:01, 30 July 2020
  • sessile or absent, staminate flowers 8–40 per raceme, distally clustered [evenly distributed]; staminate bracts 1.3–1.6 mm. Pedicels: staminate 1.4–1.7 mm, persistent
    6 KB (498 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
  • unisexual, with 1 floret, mostly in staminate-pistillate pairs on short branchlets, some pistillate spikelets solitary. Staminate spikelets smaller than the pistillate
    10 KB (599 words) - 02:48, 30 July 2020
  • culm, conspicuously ciliate or glabrous. Spikelets bisexual and staminate, 4–8 mm; staminate scales lanceolate, membranous; pistillate scales ovate-acuminate
    8 KB (518 words) - 01:45, 30 July 2020
  • ascending, much shorter than leaves, with 1 order of branching, alike in staminate and pistillate plants; prophyll often caducous, conspicuous, becoming boatshaped
    10 KB (689 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
  • chasmogamous; perianth radially symmetric, limb 5-dentate; perianth of staminate flower broadly or narrowly campanulate or urceolate, narrow tube abruptly
    7 KB (486 words) - 09:13, 30 July 2020
  • pendent, purple or purple and brown, 12–32 × 5–10 mm;. Terminal spike staminate, ± erect, 11–66 × 3–8 mm. Pistillate scales redbrown to dark purple with
    7 KB (593 words) - 02:12, 30 July 2020
  • usually green and glabrate adaxially. Staminate flowers with 3–5-parted perianth. Pistillate flowers intermixed with staminate in small axillary clusters. Fruiting
    6 KB (616 words) - 09:37, 30 July 2020
  • without prickles abaxially. Flowers 1–3 per axil, staminate and pistillate on same plants. Staminate flowers in distal axils, 1.5–3 mm; involucral beaks
    7 KB (576 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
  • The presence of both abaxial and adaxial nectaries in staminate flowers of S. wolfii (staminate plants cannot be identified to variety) is an unusual character
    12 KB (939 words) - 11:57, 30 July 2020
  • appearing leaf-opposed), glands absent, staminate flowers 3–45 per raceme; staminate bracts 1–1.5 mm. Pedicels: staminate 1.3–2 mm, persistent base 0.3–0.6 mm;
    7 KB (485 words) - 18:33, 29 July 2020
  • pistillate, subsessile to short-pedunculate, prophyllate; terminal spike staminate. Proximal pistillate scales white-hyaline or redbrown, apex obtuse to acuminate
    7 KB (491 words) - 01:24, 30 July 2020
  • margin entire or repand-dentate, apex rounded to acute, sparingly scurfy. Staminate flowers brown to tan or yellow, in clusters 2–4 mm wide, on panicles 2–10
    6 KB (562 words) - 09:38, 30 July 2020
  • florets, lowest florets bisexual or pistillate (staminate in staminate plants), distal florets staminate or sterile. Glumes 2, very unequal, shorter than
    8 KB (819 words) - 04:48, 30 July 2020
  • Treatment on page 703. Plants annual or perennial; monoecious, pistillate and staminate spikelets on separate rames in the same inflorescence. Culms to 3 m, erect
    7 KB (798 words) - 04:31, 30 July 2020
  • Inflorescences pendent, 4.5-12 cm; pedicel with basal bracts. Flowers fragrant. Staminate flowers 4-15 per inflorescence, 1.2-1.6 cm diam.; sepals oblong to ovate
    6 KB (437 words) - 08:26, 30 July 2020
  • corollas pale yellowish to whitish. Disc-florets 12–30+, functionally staminate; corollas pale-yellow, tubes shorter than abruptly dilated throats, lobes
    6 KB (490 words) - 23:44, 29 July 2020
  • 2–4-locular, placentation axile; style 1; stigmas 2–4; ovules 1–2 per locule. Staminate flowers: stamens 5, free from and inserted under nectary; staminodes 0;
    9 KB (350 words) - 18:18, 29 July 2020
  • white and ferruginous. Pistillate floral bracts deciduous after flowering. Staminate flowers: stamens 3–10; anthers (dry), 0.5–1 mm. Pistillate flowers: adaxial
    5 KB (502 words) - 12:07, 30 July 2020
  • Inflorescences: staminate 1–3 [–5] dichasia, pistillate flowers solitary, subtended by 2 pairs of decussate, deciduous bracts. Pedicels: staminate present, pistillate
    6 KB (411 words) - 18:32, 29 July 2020
  • proximal, staminate distal), terminal, spikelike thyrses; glands subtending each bract 2. Pedicels: staminate present, pistillate rudimentary. Staminate flowers:
    6 KB (279 words) - 18:24, 29 July 2020
  • Inflorescences: staminate flowers in fascicles of 2–20 on short-shoots; pistillate flowers solitary or in fascicles of 2–6 on short-shoots. Pedicels: staminate present;
    5 KB (344 words) - 18:13, 29 July 2020
  • pubescent. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate usually on different plants, occasionally on same plants. Staminate flowers: stamens 3-8, shorter
    5 KB (289 words) - 08:42, 30 July 2020
  • pinnate. Inflorescences bisexual (pistillate flowers proximal, staminate distal) or staminate, terminal and subterminal (in axils of branch-tip leaves), racemelike
    7 KB (341 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
  • (pistillate flowers proximal, staminate distal) or staminate, terminal, racemes; glands subtending each bract 2. Pedicels present. Staminate flowers: sepals 3, imbricate
    6 KB (278 words) - 18:29, 29 July 2020
  • thyrses]; glands subtending each bract 0. Pedicels: staminate rudimentary or absent, pistillate present. Staminate flowers: sepals 3, valvate, distinct; petals
    7 KB (279 words) - 18:27, 29 July 2020
  • Flowers bisexual and staminate (central flower, or rarely 2 flowers, of dichasium usually bisexual, sometimes staminate, laterals staminate), campanulate to
    5 KB (324 words) - 18:33, 29 July 2020
  • extraterritorial species. Staminate inflorescences axillary, multiflowered cymes from normal leaves, reduced leaves, or bracts. Staminate flowers 2-ranked; sepals
    5 KB (333 words) - 08:46, 30 July 2020
  • proximal, staminate distal) or staminate, terminal, racemelike thyrses; glands subtending each bract 10–14. Pedicels present or absent. Staminate flowers:
    7 KB (309 words) - 18:18, 29 July 2020
  • base. Staminate inflorescences pedunculate, cylindric spikes; pistillate inflorescences short-pedunculate, globose capitula. Flowers: staminate and pistillate
    5 KB (221 words) - 08:30, 30 July 2020
  • borne outside receptacle; staminate inflorescences loose short racemes; pistillate inflorescences dense heads. Flowers: staminate and pistillate on different
    5 KB (250 words) - 08:34, 30 July 2020
  • in compact paniculiform or corymbiform arrays. Involucres campanulate; staminate 4–6 mm, pistillate 6–8.5 mm. Phyllaries lanceolate, 2–6 mm, margins scarious
    6 KB (563 words) - 21:32, 29 July 2020
  • linear spikes to panicles. Bracts: of pistillate flowers 1–1.5 mm; of staminate flowers with moderately heavy midrib, 1–1.5 mm. Pistillate flowers: tepals
    6 KB (486 words) - 09:41, 30 July 2020
  • Inflorescences: pistillate flowers and staminate spikes on shortened branches with 1–3 barely discernible internodes; staminate spikes usually to 10 mm. Fruits
    5 KB (612 words) - 09:39, 30 July 2020
  • unisexual, sessile, in triads of 1 pistillate flower flanked by 2 staminate flowers. Staminate flowers: sepals 3, imbricate, free; petals 3, briefly connate
    8 KB (492 words) - 00:51, 30 July 2020
  • orange in fruit. Flowers unisexual, sessile, staminate and pistillate flowers on different plants. Staminate flowers borne singly, partially sunken into
    8 KB (495 words) - 00:52, 30 July 2020
  • Pedicels present. Flowers functionally unisexual, some plants having only staminate flowers, others with only pistillate flowers, base stipelike; perianth
    8 KB (585 words) - 10:04, 30 July 2020
  • triangular, acute teeth, glabrate or sparsely scurfy abaxially when young. Staminate flowers subglobose or obovate; perianth slightly compressed, segments distinct
    6 KB (543 words) - 09:32, 30 July 2020
  • 2–10 × 2–7 cm, base cuneate, apex subacute, glabrate. Inflorescences: staminate inflorescences subglobose, dense, 1–3 cm diam.; pistillate inflorescences
    6 KB (531 words) - 09:13, 30 July 2020
  • excurrent midrib, 1.5–2.5 mm, shorter than tepals, apex acute or acuminate; of staminate flowers shorter than tepals, apex acute. Pistillate flowers: tepals with
    6 KB (492 words) - 09:41, 30 July 2020
  • quill-shaped, 6–25 cm, 0.3–0.7 mm wide near base. Spike 7–30 × 3–7 mm, staminate portion 4–14 mm. Proximal pistillate scales pale redbrown with white or
    6 KB (512 words) - 01:25, 30 July 2020
  • unisexual, staminate and pistillate on different plants [same plant in different inflorescences], actinomorphic; bracts present. Staminate flowers each
    8 KB (420 words) - 12:05, 30 July 2020
  • Inflorescences: staminate flowers usually solitary, sometimes 2–3 per fascicle; pistillate flowers usually solitary, rarely 2 per fascicle. Staminate flowers:
    7 KB (435 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
  • Inflorescences axillary, panicles, to 30 cm. Pedicels: staminate 4–10 mm; pistillate 10–40 mm in fruit, straight. Staminate flowers: calyx campanulate, 10–15 mm, lobes
    7 KB (490 words) - 18:35, 29 July 2020
  • imbricate, longest 1.9–2.7 mm. Staminate paleae mostly 3–5, apices somewhat spreading, ± plane. Functionally staminate florets 3–5; ovaries vestigial,
    7 KB (583 words) - 20:40, 29 July 2020
  • terminal spikes usually staminate. Proximal pistillate scales with apex acute to acuminate or awned, awn to 3.5 mm; staminate scales awned. Perigynia divergent
    7 KB (422 words) - 02:06, 30 July 2020
  • proximal, staminate distal) [unisexual], axillary, spikes or racemes; glands subtending each bract 0. Pedicels present or absent. Staminate flowers: sepals
    8 KB (320 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
  • Illustrator: Barbara Alongi Copyright: Flora of North America Association Staminate plants 5–20-leaved, 1.5–3.5 dm. Pistillate plants 15–50-leaved, 3–6 dm
    6 KB (555 words) - 05:51, 30 July 2020
  • green, ovaries 1-locular; ovules 1; staminate portion of spadix yellow; sterile flowers between pistillate and staminate flowers and also frequently a few
    6 KB (492 words) - 01:01, 30 July 2020
  • internode 6–23 × 1–2 mm, dominant shoot 1–3 mm diam. at base. Staminate pedicels present. Staminate flowers radially symmetric, subglobose in bud, 2.2 mm diam
    5 KB (532 words) - 18:18, 29 July 2020
  • fasciculate), glandular-hairs, sessile glands, and/or scales, sometimes glabrous. Staminate catkins solitary from 2d-year twigs, sessile; stamens 7-50 per flower,
    10 KB (556 words) - 08:22, 30 July 2020
  • abaxially (tubes often wanting). Disc-florets [3–] 45–70 [–100+], functionally staminate; corollas ochroleucous, yellow, or orange, tubes shorter than funnelform
    9 KB (570 words) - 23:36, 29 July 2020
  • yellow (often purple-veined abaxially). Disc-florets 5–60+, functionally staminate; corollas white or yellow, tubes shorter than funnelform throats, lobes
    8 KB (747 words) - 23:42, 29 July 2020
  • 1–8+, rarely 0; corollas whitish (inconspicuous), ± tubular. Functionally staminate florets 3–20+; corollas whitish to pinkish, funnelform, lobes 5, soon reflexed
    9 KB (666 words) - 23:19, 29 July 2020
  • capitate cymes, short-pedunculate, bracteate. Flowers: staminate and pistillate on same plants. Staminate flowers: calyx 4-lobed; stamens 4, inflexed. Pistillate
    4 KB (193 words) - 08:39, 30 July 2020
  • Inflorescences globose heads. Flowers: staminate and pistillate on same plants; perianth vestigial. Staminate flowers numerous, surrounding 1-2 central
    4 KB (199 words) - 08:25, 30 July 2020
  • obovate, mainly 10–40 × 3–8 mm, margin entire, apex retuse to obtuse. Staminate flowers yellow (rarely brown), in clusters 2–3 mm wide, borne in panicles
    8 KB (966 words) - 09:39, 30 July 2020
  • long, 1.5-2 mm wide, narrowly ovoid, glabrous, acuminate; lower florets staminate. Glumes and lower lemmas relatively thick; lower glumes 2.8-4 mm, 1/2 -
    9 KB (1,236 words) - 04:07, 30 July 2020
  • woolly-tomentose abaxially, hairs white. Catkins flowering before leaves emerge; staminate stout, 23–55 × 13–27 mm, flowering branchlet 0–6 mm; pistillate densely
    10 KB (751 words) - 12:03, 30 July 2020
  • 2–4, ascending, widely separated from staminate spike, pedunculate, ovoid to short-cylindric; terminal staminate spike (15–) 20–32 (–40) × 2–2.5 mm. Pistillate
    6 KB (608 words) - 02:18, 30 July 2020
  • [absent]; venation pinnate. Inflorescences appearing unisexual (pistillate and staminate portions usually shortly separated on stem), terminal, leaf-opposed, or
    7 KB (365 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
  • Inflorescences: pistillate flowers solitary or paired in axils of foliage leaves; staminate inflorescences distal to pistillate, terminal, pedunculate, cylindric spike
    12 KB (975 words) - 09:39, 30 July 2020
  • leaf-opposed), glands few, sessile, staminate flowers 2–20 per raceme; staminate bracts 1.5–2 mm. Pedicels: staminate 0.7–2 mm, persistent base 0.4–1.5 mm;
    7 KB (522 words) - 18:33, 29 July 2020
  • bisexual cymules with 0–5 staminate flowers), bracts of basal flowers usually not subtended by ellipsoid glands. Pedicels: staminate 1.5–3 mm; pistillate 1–2
    9 KB (623 words) - 18:32, 29 July 2020
  • Inflorescences with both staminate and pistillate spikes; peduncles of basal spikes erect, short, stout; peduncles of terminal staminate spikes 2–2.5 mm; proximal
    7 KB (616 words) - 01:21, 30 July 2020
  • to scabrous adaxially. Inflorescences with both staminate and pistillate spikes; peduncles of staminate spikes 0.3–1.2 mm; proximal cauline bracts leakflike
    8 KB (702 words) - 01:23, 30 July 2020
  • Inflorescences with both staminate and pistillate spikes; peduncles of basal spikes stout, usually short, erect; peduncles of staminate spikes 1.1–8.8 mm; proximal
    8 KB (704 words) - 01:21, 30 July 2020
  • usually with both staminate and pistillate spikes; peduncles of basal spikes arching, elongate, slender; peduncles of terminal staminate spikes 2–5 mm; proximal
    8 KB (655 words) - 01:21, 30 July 2020
  • Inflorescences with both staminate or pistillate spikes; peduncles of basal spikes erect, elongate, slender; peduncles of staminate spikes 1.7–8.5 (–21) mm;
    8 KB (634 words) - 01:21, 30 July 2020
  • yellowish, pinkish, lavender, purplish, or rosy. Inner (functionally staminate) florets 2–40+; corollas creamy white, whitish, yellowish, pinkish, lavender
    14 KB (712 words) - 20:43, 29 July 2020
  • internodes. Pedicellate spikelets reduced or well-developed, sterile or staminate, unawned. Caryopses lanceolate to oblong, somewhat flattened; hila punctate
    11 KB (927 words) - 04:24, 30 July 2020
  • bisexual, racemes, 3–12 cm, staminate flowers 10–20, pistillate flowers 2–5. Pedicels: staminate 2.5–4 mm, pistillate 0–0.5 mm. Staminate flowers: sepals 5, 0
    7 KB (452 words) - 18:26, 29 July 2020
  • pustulate-scabrous abaxially, glabrous adaxially. Inflorescences: staminate 2–19-flowered, 3.5–10 cm. Flowers: staminate: hypanthium 5–9 mm, petals 4–4.5 mm; pistillate:
    4 KB (500 words) - 11:27, 30 July 2020
  • lanuginose. Staminate paleae 0. Staminate corollas 1–2 mm, lobes usually 5. Cypselae 1.4–2.6 mm, corolla scars ± median; pappi: staminate 0 or of 1, ±
    6 KB (566 words) - 20:39, 29 July 2020
  • secondary-veins prominent. Staminate inflorescences: peduncle (2–) 5–10 (–15) cm, fertile portion 2–5 cm, 60–80-flowered; staminate bracts membranaceous, enclosing
    6 KB (470 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
  • appendage. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate on same plant; pistillate flowers covering base of spadix, staminate flowers apical, sterile flowers
    8 KB (666 words) - 00:57, 30 July 2020
  • pistillate flower flanked by 2 staminate, staminate flowers borne singly along distal portions of rachillae. Staminate flowers: sepals 3, connate; petals
    9 KB (466 words) - 00:58, 30 July 2020
  • Inflorescences 6–8 cm; staminate cymules subsessile, clearly separated, 10–30-flowered; pistillate flowers 2–3; bracts flabelliform, 1–2 mm. Staminate pedicels 1 mm
    7 KB (477 words) - 18:22, 29 July 2020
  • venation palmate. Inflorescences bisexual (cymules staminate or bisexual, pistillate flower central, staminate lateral) [unisexual], terminal, paniclelike thyrses;
    9 KB (552 words) - 18:33, 29 July 2020
  • peduncles in artic and high mountain plants), prophyllate; terminal spike staminate, gynecandrous, or androgynous. Proximal pistillate scales with apex obtuse
    7 KB (431 words) - 02:11, 30 July 2020
  • pistillate flowers and 1–2 staminate flowers. Pedicels: staminate 0.5–1 mm, pistillate sharply reflexed in fruit, 0.5–1 (–1.5) mm. Staminate flowers: sepals (5–)
    8 KB (543 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
  • × 15–42 mm. Staminate flowers with perianth cleft to middle or below, 1.5–1.8 mm. Pistillate flowers few, intermixed in otherwise staminate spikes; bracteoles
    8 KB (1,092 words) - 09:32, 30 July 2020
  • 5–) 2–2.5 mm, equaling tepals or nearly so, apex acute or acuminate; of staminate flowers with prominent midribs, 2–3.5 mm, shorter than tepals, apex acute
    8 KB (589 words) - 09:41, 30 July 2020
  • serrate; venation pinnate. Inflorescences unisexual, axillary, fascicles, (staminate) or flowers solitary (pistillate. Flowers unisexual; hypanthium absent;
    5 KB (268 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
  • canals. Inflorescences axillary catkins, erect or lax. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate on different (rarely on same) plants, inconspicuous, sessile;
    5 KB (203 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
  • in 1–2 outer, pistillate-zones plus 1 inner, bisexual or functionally staminate zone): outer pistillate-zone florets 9–38 (–90+) in 1–2 (–3) series, fertile
    9 KB (597 words) - 20:01, 29 July 2020
  • characters from the pseudostem, petiole, peduncle, bracts of staminate flowers, and staminate and pistillate flowers (N. W. Simmonds and K. Shepherd 1955)
    7 KB (595 words) - 00:54, 30 July 2020
  • Mature pistillate plants are more robust than staminate plants, and there are proportionally more staminate than pistillate plants in a given population
    9 KB (547 words) - 05:51, 30 July 2020
  • spikes with 1–2 staminate and (5–) 7–12 pistillate flowers, 5.2–11 (–13) × (2.1–) 3.7–6.9 mm; terminal spikes usually with 1–3 (–5) staminate and (7–) 9–13
    8 KB (702 words) - 01:53, 30 July 2020
  • distal lateral spike androgynous, pedunculate, prophyllate; terminal spike staminate. Proximal pistillate scales with 5–7-veined center, apex acute to awned
    7 KB (407 words) - 02:17, 30 July 2020
  • Flowers: ca. 6 mm diam., from exposed overwintering buds; tepals yellow. Staminate flowers: stamens 9; pistillode absent. Pistillate flowers: staminodes 9;
    5 KB (344 words) - 08:23, 30 July 2020
  • abaxially, hairs white. Pistillate floral bracts deciduous after flowering. Staminate flowers: stamens 2; anthers 0.4–0.7 (–0.8) mm. Pistillate flowers: adaxial
    4 KB (473 words) - 12:06, 30 July 2020
  • inserted on rachis in 2 ranks; bract persistent, peduncular, to 1 m, woody. Staminate flowers creamy yellow, 11–13 mm. Fruits green, yellow, or bronzy red when
    4 KB (558 words) - 01:01, 30 July 2020
  • acute median tooth; veins ending in teeth or not. Inflorescences solitary. Staminate flowers: peduncles 10–25 mm; distal anthers ca. 0.5 mm higher than the
    5 KB (450 words) - 01:01, 30 July 2020
  • Leaves usually short petiolate; blade mostly cordate or ovate, entire. Staminate flowers in spicate or paniculate glomerules, the inflorescence soon deciduous
    4 KB (560 words) - 09:35, 30 July 2020
  • pinnate. Inflorescences unisexual, axillary or terminal, glomerate cymes (staminate) or flowers usually solitary, rarely in 2–3-flowered clusters (pistillate)
    6 KB (230 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
  • rachis puberulent, glandular. Flowers: sepals 1.6-4.6 × 0.6-2 mm, glabrous. Staminate flowers: stamens to 3 mm. Pistillate flowers: ovary to 2 mm. Drupes green
    4 KB (374 words) - 08:37, 30 July 2020
  • internode 7–11 (–22) × 1.5–2 (–2.5) mm, dominant shoot 1.5–5 mm diam. at base. Staminate flowers 3 mm diam.; petals 3 (–4). Berries 5 × 3 mm. Phenology: Flowering
    5 KB (550 words) - 18:18, 29 July 2020
  • flowers, column expanded at apex, sometimes into knob or disc; pistils in staminate flowers with only stylar column present, in pistillate flowers ovary partially
    5 KB (396 words) - 11:41, 30 July 2020
  • cincinni. Flowers unisexual (proximal flowers pistillate, distal flowers staminate), bilaterally symmetric; sepals and petals differentiated, sepals 3, petals
    7 KB (216 words) - 00:51, 30 July 2020
  • or amphistomatous, abaxial surface glaucous. Catkins from lateral buds. Staminate flowers: filaments glabrous. Pistillate flowers: abaxial nectary absent;
    3 KB (434 words) - 12:28, 30 July 2020
  • adaxially without or rarely with a few stinging hairs. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate mostly on same plants. 2n = 26. Phenology: Flowering late
    4 KB (416 words) - 08:42, 30 July 2020
  • 2–4 cm, aestivation involute. Inflorescences terminal, panicles, 3–8 cm. Staminate flowers: pollen yellow. Capsules orange, subglobose, 4–8 × 5–9 mm, glabrous
    3 KB (361 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
  • rounded or retuse, tertiary reticulation dense. Inflorescences 3+-flowered (staminate) or 1-flowered (pistillate or bisexual). Pedicels 5–15 mm. Flowers: sepals
    5 KB (362 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
  • ovary 1-locular or 3–5-locular; styles 3 or 5, occasionally 4 (absent in staminate flowers), filiform, 1.5–20 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 3 or 5, occasionally
    36 KB (1,364 words) - 10:24, 30 July 2020
  • (hence reports of apetalous flowers), oblanceoloid; stamens (2–) 4 (–6) (staminate flowers usually with 3 stamens), exserted; anthers without awns, dehiscent
    10 KB (889 words) - 13:18, 30 July 2020
  • parallel). Disc-florets 9–90, some bisexual and fertile, the rest functionally staminate; corollas yellow, tubes shorter than or about equaling funnelform throats
    8 KB (640 words) - 23:41, 29 July 2020
  • connate at least proximally; petals [3–] 4–5 [–8], connate proximally; staminate flowers: stamens [1–] 3–4 [–5] times as many as [rarely fewer than] petals;
    9 KB (621 words) - 13:05, 30 July 2020
  • androgynous, or gynecandrous, pedunculate, prophyllate; terminal spikes staminate, gynecandrous. Proximal pistillate scales with apex obtuse to acuminate
    8 KB (476 words) - 02:04, 30 July 2020
  • (glabrous). Flowers in axillary glomerules and terminal, interrupted spikes. Staminate flowers borne in distal axils, or in short dense spikes or panicles, or
    9 KB (770 words) - 09:35, 30 July 2020
  • spikes pistillate, 1–2.5 cm × 3–5 mm, base cuneate; terminal 1–2 spikes staminate. Pistillate scales purple-brown, equaling perigynia, apex obtuse or acute
    7 KB (629 words) - 02:02, 30 July 2020
  • articulation near middle or in proximal part. Flowers normally unisexual, staminate and pistillate on different plants; outer tepals normally reflexed towards
    4 KB (576 words) - 10:05, 30 July 2020
  • whitish (tubes often longer than laminae). Disc-florets 3–20+, functionally staminate; corollas whitish, tubes longer than abruptly dilated, campanulate to funnelform
    6 KB (461 words) - 23:50, 29 July 2020
  • amphistomatous), 1.5–11 times as long as wide, adaxial surface not glaucous. Staminate flowers: filaments glabrous or hairy basally. Pistillate flowers: adaxial
    4 KB (525 words) - 12:02, 30 July 2020
  • elongate, narrow, unawned; style-branches 2, free; rachilla extension absent. Staminate spikelets with 2-4 florets; disarticulation below the terminal florets
    6 KB (645 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
  • basally connate, foliaceous; pedicel less than 1 mm or essentially absent. Staminate flowers: anther 2-locular, connective projecting as apical appendage. Pistillate
    6 KB (368 words) - 08:24, 30 July 2020
  • scale empty or subtending 1–2 stamens, often abortive. Flowers bisexual or staminate; perianth absent; stamens 1–3; styles linear, 2-fid, base persistent. Achenes
    6 KB (352 words) - 01:39, 30 July 2020
  • bract longer than inflorescence, 3–6 mm wide. Spikes usually pendent; staminate 1–3, base cuneate or attenuate. Pistillate scales pale to copper-brown
    6 KB (597 words) - 02:00, 30 July 2020
  • abaxially, laminae ovate to linear). Disc-florets 20–60 (–100+), functionally staminate; corollas yellow, tubes shorter to longer than campanulate throats; lobes
    7 KB (438 words) - 21:26, 29 July 2020
  • lanceolate to ovate lobes. Inflorescences 15–60 cm; bracts ± rhombic. Staminate flowers sessile; calyx green, short-tubular, ca. 1.5 mm, teeth triangular
    7 KB (504 words) - 12:04, 30 July 2020
  • at maturity). Disc-florets 5–25, bisexual and fertile or functionally staminate; corollas yellow, tubes much shorter than tubular-funnelform throats, lobes
    12 KB (754 words) - 21:50, 29 July 2020
  • plane. Staminate paleae 5, broadly lanceolate, 2.7–4.1 mm, surpassing pistillate; apices uncinate, terete, acuminate, cartilaginous, spinose. Staminate corollas
    8 KB (674 words) - 20:40, 29 July 2020
  • those of the pistillate inflorescences much shorter than those of the staminate inflorescences; nodes mostly glabrous. Leaves basally tufted, not clustered
    8 KB (852 words) - 04:48, 30 July 2020
  • pistillate, rarely some entirely staminate, the proximal inclined or pendent, 5–30 × 3–7 mm; terminal spike staminate or androgynous, 10–28 × 1.8–4 mm
    7 KB (605 words) - 02:12, 30 July 2020
  • compressed, with 2 well-developed sterile or staminate florets below the single bisexual floret, reduced sterile or staminate florets also present beyond the bisexual
    7 KB (748 words) - 04:45, 30 July 2020
  • unisexual, staminate proximal, few-flowered fascicles or flowers solitary, pistillate distal, flowers solitary. Pedicels present. Staminate flowers: sepals
    7 KB (394 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
  • proximal, staminate distal) [unisexual], terminal or axillary, racemelike thyrses; glands subtending each bract 0 [or 2]. Pedicels present. Staminate flowers:
    6 KB (292 words) - 18:32, 29 July 2020
  • bract. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate on different plants; tepals deciduous, yellowish, equal, pubescent. Staminate flowers: stamens 9, anthers
    5 KB (253 words) - 08:22, 30 July 2020
  • axils of previous years leaves; basal and apical bracts often sterile; staminate catkins compound, bracts 40-50, bracteoles absent; pistillate catkins simple
    6 KB (264 words) - 08:39, 30 July 2020
  • embedded in long-pedunculate, flat receptacle. Flowers: staminate and pistillate on same plant. Staminate flowers: calyx minute, 2-3-lobed; stamens 1-3, inflexed
    5 KB (229 words) - 08:33, 30 July 2020
  • Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate on different plants; tepals deciduous, yellow, green, or white, equal, glabrous. Staminate flowers: stamens 9
    4 KB (277 words) - 08:22, 30 July 2020
  • Inflorescences: staminate spathes subglobose to ovoid, 2.2–4 mm; peduncles abscissing in bud; pistillate spathes linear, 8.5–15 mm. Flowers unisexual; staminate flowers:
    5 KB (443 words) - 01:00, 30 July 2020
  • Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Scapes: staminate scapes 30–50 mm, submersed; pistillate scapes elongate, projecting flowers
    5 KB (556 words) - 01:01, 30 July 2020
  • Inflorescences: staminate inflorescences compound cymes or panicles, erect; pistillate pseudospikes, congested, erect to spreading. Flowers: staminate and pistillate
    6 KB (548 words) - 08:31, 30 July 2020
  • loosely lanuginose, longest usually 3–4 mm. Staminate corollas 1.3–2 mm. Cypselae 1.8–2.6 mm; pappi: staminate 1.3–1.5 mm. Phenology: Flowering and fruiting
    4 KB (515 words) - 20:39, 29 July 2020
  • (scurfy when dry). Inflorescences staminate and pistillate flowers in mixed clusters in axils of nearly all leaves. Staminate flowers: perianth segments usually
    5 KB (419 words) - 09:32, 30 July 2020
  • near base, usually basally distinct, distally obscure. Inflorescences: staminate terminal, often pseudoaxillary (terminal but overtopped by lateral branch
    4 KB (263 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
  • unisexual, staminate and pistillate on different plants, projected to surface by slender, elongate floral-tube base, pedicellate; petals white. Staminate flowers:
    6 KB (320 words) - 00:57, 30 July 2020
  • pilose to sparsely pilose abaxially, inner sepals glabrous; petals 6, free. Staminate flowers: petals to 2 mm, auriculate lobes at base inflexed over 6 stamens;
    7 KB (291 words) - 08:31, 30 July 2020
  • serrate, laminar glands present; venation palmate. Inflorescences bisexual (staminate flowers proximal, pistillate distal) or pistillate, terminal or leaf-opposed
    6 KB (271 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
  • surface glaucous, adaxial surface bright green. Staminate inflorescences 3–11-flowered. Flowers fragrant, staminate 2–3 mm, pistillate 6–10 mm, petals white to
    5 KB (391 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
  • prominent abaxially, ± level with surface. Inflorescences: staminate thyrses 5–10 mm. Staminate flowers: stamens 3–4 (–6), nectary glands claviform. Pistillate
    5 KB (401 words) - 18:30, 29 July 2020
  • sessile. Flowers uniasexual, staminate and pistillate flowers on same plant; subtending bracts absent; perianth absent. Staminate flowers: stamens 1; anther
    6 KB (244 words) - 01:00, 30 July 2020
  • Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate on different plants [on same plants], emersed, pedicellate; petals white to pinkish. Staminate flowers: filaments
    6 KB (357 words) - 01:01, 30 July 2020
  • Inflorescences: staminate fascicles; pistillate solitary flowers or 2-3 together. Flowers normally unisexual, pedicellate, staminate and pistillate on
    5 KB (272 words) - 08:20, 30 July 2020
  • pistillate, the distal staminate; bracts subtending pistillate flowers developing 3 corky wings covered with fine, hooked hairs in fruit. Staminate flowers: tepals
    5 KB (241 words) - 08:34, 30 July 2020
  • abaxially lighter because of densely hirsute to hirsutulous vestiture. Staminate flowers 1 or 2–8 in racemes 5–35 cm. Pistillate flowers: peduncles erect
    4 KB (414 words) - 11:42, 30 July 2020
  • Association Stems 1–3 mm diam. Leaves whorled, recurved, 10–40 × 1.5–4.5 mm. Staminate spathes 2–4-flowered, 7.5–12 mm; pedicel to 80 mm. 2n = 46. Phenology:
    4 KB (438 words) - 00:58, 30 July 2020
  • 10-50 cm wide; branches unisexual. Staminate branches ascending to reflexed; pedicel apices 0.2-0.6 mm wide. Staminate spikelets 5-12.5 mm, lanceolate, acuminate
    8 KB (837 words) - 03:04, 30 July 2020
  • indistinctly emarginate, mucronulate. Inflorescences simple or compound terminal staminate spikes and axillary subglobose mostly pistillate clusters, erect or with
    9 KB (730 words) - 09:41, 30 July 2020
  • cm; bracts (6–) 8–16 mm, margins serrate, glabrous. Pedicels 2.5–4 mm. Staminate flowers: sepals distinct or connate to 1/2 length, lanceolate, 5–7 × 1–2
    9 KB (633 words) - 18:29, 29 July 2020
  • replaced by orbicular glands, apex acute to acuminate. Inflorescences: staminate portion on peduncle 1–2 mm, fertile part 0.5–1.5 cm, to 15 bracts and cymules
    7 KB (532 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
  • glanddotted as well. Heads discoid, either pistillate (proximal) or functionally staminate (distal), in racemiform to spiciform arrays or borne singly (in axils)
    7 KB (591 words) - 23:08, 29 July 2020
  • Inflorescences: pistillate flowers and staminate spikes mostly on long lateral branches with 3–9 readily visible internodes; staminate spikes typically 11–40 mm. Fruits
    7 KB (927 words) - 09:39, 30 July 2020
  • (40) cm wide; branches unisexual. Staminate branches ascending or divergent; pedicel apices 0.2-0.4 mm wide. Staminate spikelets 6-17 mm, lanceolate, acuminate
    7 KB (827 words) - 03:06, 30 July 2020
  • in (leafy) paniculiform arrays. Involucres hemispheric to campanulate; staminate 3.2–5 mm, pistillate 3–6 mm. Phyllaries ovate to lanceolate, 1–3 mm, margins
    8 KB (835 words) - 21:30, 29 July 2020
  • paleae imbricate, longest 2.5–4 mm. Staminate paleae ± 3, apices erect to somewhat spreading, ± plane. Functionally staminate florets 2–4; ovaries partly developed
    7 KB (630 words) - 20:40, 29 July 2020
  • apex acute. Inflorescences: peduncle 0.2–0.6 cm; fertile portion 3–6 cm; staminate cymules numerous, condensed, each with 3–10 flowers per bract; pistillate
    8 KB (577 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
  • midrib, 4–6 mm, longer than tepals, apex acuminate or mucronulate; of staminate flowers, 4 mm, equaling or longer than outer tepals, apex long-acuminate
    8 KB (602 words) - 09:41, 30 July 2020

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