spreading-ascending; twigs stout (to 2cm thick), orangebrown, aging darker orangebrown, rough. Buds ovoid, to 2cm, fully 1cm broad, redbrown, very resinous;
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candelabralike; twigs stout (1–2cm thick), greenish, aging deep gray-brown to near black, rough. Buds conic-ovoid, pale-brown, to 2.5cm; scale margins white-fringed
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short-shoots 1–2cm × 0.5–0.8mm, 0.3–0.5mm thick, keeled abaxially, rounded adaxially, pale blue-green; resin canals 10–20µm from margins. Seed-cones 1–2 × 0.5–1cm
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ovoid, dark redbrown, to 1.2cm, slightly resinous. Leaves 2 per fascicle, spreading or ascending, persisting 3–8 years, 2–8cm × 0.7–2 (–3) mm, twisted, yellow-green
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to 2cm, becoming enlarged. Flowers: sepals reniform-cordate, 5-6 mm, glabrous; outer petals cream-white, ovate-cordate, adaxially concave, 2.5-3 cm, apex
7 KB (612 words) - 08:35, 30 July 2020
5–40 cm × 1.5–3.5 (–6.5) mm, coriaceous. Inflorescences 2.2–8.59 (–12) cm, 0.6–1.8 length of proximal bract; proximal bract 0.8–11 mm, sheath 0–1.2cm, blade
7 KB (701 words) - 02:06, 30 July 2020
Mexico: A Systematic Account of the Family Asteraceae. 2+ vols. Huntsville, Tex. [Phytologia Mem. 10, 11.] Bayer, R. J. and J. R. Starr. 1998. Tribal phylogeny
275 KB (5,940 words) - 15:30, 15 December 2020
redbrown, 1.5–2cm, not resinous; scale margins fringed. Leaves (2–) 3 per fascicle, spreading-ascending, persisting (2–) 4–6 (–7) years, 10–15cm × ca. 1.5mm
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apex short-acuminate; sheath to 2.4cm, base persistent. Pollen cones ellipsoid, 10–15mm, yellow. Seed-cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds soon thereafter
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conic-subulate; sheath (1–) 1.5–2cm, base persistent. Pollen cones ellipsoid-cylindric, 10–15mm, orangebrown. Seed-cones maturing in 2 years, serotinous, long-persistent
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covered by the coleorhiza (root sheath); hila punctate to linear. x = 5,6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12. The Poaceae or grass family includes approximately 700 genera and
35 KB (1,876 words) - 02:36, 30 July 2020
Seed-cones cylindric, 8–10 (–13) × 3.5–5cm, purple, sessile, apex round to nipple-shaped; scales ca. 2 × 2cm, pubescent; bracts included. Seeds 10–12 × 4mm, body
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ellipsoid-cylindric when open, 10–25cm, creamy brown to yellowish, without purple or gray tints, resinous, stalks to 2cm; umbo terminal, depressed. Seeds
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if with 7-13 veins, the veins often in 3 groups; lodicules 2, or absent, x = 7, 8, 9, 10, 12. Most members of the Cynodonteae in the Flora region can
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1–8 or more per cluster, narrowly turbinate to campanulate; teeth (3–) 5–6 (–10), erect or occasionally spreading, apex acute to obtuse or rounded. Flowers
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or variously persistent, linear, 2–3 (–4) -fid. Achenes biconvex, planoconvex, or trigonous, rarely 4-angled. x = 10. Worldwide Species ca. 2000 (480 in
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chartaceous or scarious or margins and/or apices notably scarious, sometimes in 1–2 series, distinct, subequal, and herbaceous with margins and/or apices barely
79 KB (1,886 words) - 20:55, 29 July 2020
1–1.5cm, resinous; scale margins fringed, apex cuspidate. Leaves 3 (–5) per fascicle, spreading to ascending, persisting 2–3 years, 5–10 (–15) cm × 1–1
8 KB (547 words) - 00:23, 30 July 2020
usually distinct; anthers basifixed; pistils 1, 2–3 (–4) -carpellate, fused, locule 1; style undivided or branches 2–3 (–4); stigma sometimes papillate. Fruits
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Annuals, biennials, or perennials [subshrubs, shrubs, trees], (0.5–) 2–90 (–100) cm (taprooted, fibrous-rooted, or rhizomatous and fibrous-rooted, sometimes
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short-subulate; sheath 1.5–2cm, shed early. Pollen cones cylindric, ca. 6–10mm, pale yellowbrown. Seed-cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds and falling
8 KB (530 words) - 00:23, 30 July 2020
conic-subulate; sheath (1–) 1.5–2cm, base persistent. Pollen cones ellipsoid-cylindric, 10–15mm, orangebrown. Seed-cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds soon
8 KB (616 words) - 00:35, 30 July 2020
spreading-ascending; twigs stout (to 2cm thick), purple-brown, often glaucous, aging rough. Buds ovoid, tan to pale redbrown, 2–3cm, not resinous; scale margins
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serrulate distally, apex conic-acute; sheath 0.8–1.2cm, shed early. Pollen cones cylindro-ovoid, ca. 10–15mm, scarlet. Seed-cones remaining on tree (unless
8 KB (576 words) - 00:30, 30 July 2020
in Pereskia and several genera outside the flora), terete or flat, 0–3 cm (to 10 cm in Pereskia); stipules absent. Spines flexible and hairlike or bristlelike
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1–8 (–12) cm, length 1.6–2 times width, coriaceous to thin, lobes 0 or 1–4 or 5 (–9), sinuses usually shallow, sometimes deep, veins 1–8 (–10) per side
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usually with 2-22 florets, sometimes with 1, sterile florets usually distal to the reproductively functional florets, sometimes with 1 or 2 staminate or
45 KB (1,179 words) - 03:07, 30 July 2020
solitary (sometimes paired or clustered) often plicate in bud, usually 1/2 divided, often 10-ribbed at base (unribbed in S. hermaphrodita) or angulate, lobes acute
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Caryopses usually dorsally compressed or terete; embryos 1/2 or more the length of the caryopses. x = 9, 10. The tribe Paniceae, which includes about 100 genera
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from 2/3 as long as to subequal to the lemmas, distinctly 2-keeled, margins and intercostal regions milky white to slightly greenish; lodicules 2, broadly
87 KB (2,178 words) - 03:17, 30 July 2020
appendaged, margins entire or emarginate to 2-fid, rarely pinnatifid [fimbriate or filiform]; stamens (2 or 4) 6 [8–24], in 2 whorls, usually tetradynamous (lateral
107 KB (3,718 words) - 12:07, 30 July 2020
or absent, blade apex entire, notched, or 2 (-4) -fid, sometimes dentate or laciniate; stamens 1-10, in 1 or 2 whorls, arising from base of ovary, nectariferous
29 KB (1,113 words) - 10:14, 30 July 2020
(Platystele Garay), to 15–20 cm diameter (some Paphiopedilum Pfitzer, Phragmipedium Rolfe, and Cattleya Lindley spp.), and ultimately to 76 cm [Phragmipedium caudatum
41 KB (2,210 words) - 05:19, 30 July 2020
forming tube that may also bear a corona, usually petaloid and ± equal in 2 whorls of 3, or those of outer whorl narrower, greener, more sepaloid; tepal
29 KB (1,493 words) - 05:37, 30 July 2020
in sexuality and shape, sometimes missing. x = usually 9 or 10, or possibly 5 with 9 and 10 reflecting ancient polyploidy. The tribe Andropogoneae includes
31 KB (2,561 words) - 04:21, 30 July 2020
471. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs (often ± woolly annuals 1–10 cm). Leaves basal and/or cauline; usually alternate, rarely opposite; petiolate
25 KB (1,822 words) - 20:30, 29 July 2020
7, 8, 43, 135. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, (3–) 10–200 (–400+) [2500+] cm. Leaves usually cauline, sometimes mostly basal, or basal and cauline;
21 KB (800 words) - 22:59, 29 July 2020
prismatic or compressed to flattened, rarely, if ever, beaked, bodies often 10-ribbed or (4–) 5-angled, smooth or papillate to rugose between ribs or angles
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et al., eds. 1905+. North American Flora.... 47+ vols. New York. Ser. 2, part 10, pp. 50–139. Barkley, T. M., B. L. Clark, and A. M. Funston. 1996. The
23 KB (1,021 words) - 21:10, 29 July 2020
falling, of 30–80+, white to stramineous, barbellulate to smooth bristles. x = 10. Nearly worldwide, mostly in warm-temperate, subtropical, and tropical regions
30 KB (1,295 words) - 21:10, 29 July 2020
plants); sepals connate proximally into tube, (4–) 10–28 (–40) mm; tube green, whitish, and/or purplish, 10–30-veined, cylindric to campanulate, urceolate
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(salverform in Epigaea); intrastaminal nectary disc present or absent; stamens (2–) 5–8 (–10) [14, 16, 20]; filaments distinct; anthers inverted during development
33 KB (1,383 words) - 13:10, 30 July 2020
usually obovoid or obconic, sometimes fusiform, ± compressed, nerves (2–) 3–5 (–10, sometimes dark-translucent), faces glabrous or strigillose, eglandular
62 KB (1,546 words) - 15:28, 15 December 2020
upon drying), 3–12 × 1.7–10 mm. Phyllaries 10–35 in 3–5 series, midnerves usually ± swollen and translucent, sometimes plus 2–5 secondary nerves (striate
18 KB (1,000 words) - 21:32, 29 July 2020
with internal protrusion dividing carpel into 2 cells, dehiscence loculicidal, rarely indehiscent. Seeds 2–30, often reniform, glabrous or hairy. Nearly
20 KB (532 words) - 11:23, 30 July 2020
spreading-hairy (C. exserta), pollen-sacs 2, unequal; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile; stigma capitate, entire, or 2-lobed. Capsules: dehiscence loculicidal
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or curled, sometimes borne between 2 minute teeth; paleas shorter than or equal to the lemmas, 2-veined; anthers (1-2) 3, purple, orange, yellow, or olivaceous
42 KB (1,621 words) - 04:38, 30 July 2020
absent or round and smooth, tomentose to floccose or glabrous; bracts usually 2–10 sometimes more, scalelike, semileaflike, or leaflike. Peduncles absent (or
24 KB (947 words) - 10:41, 30 July 2020
turf-forming or loosely cespitose, green distally and brown proximally. Stems 0.2–4 (–10) cm, irregularly branching, mostly rounded-pentagonal but occasionally rounded-triangular
28 KB (882 words) - 07:00, 30 July 2020
corolla rotate, cupulate, campanulate, salverform, or funnelform; stamens (2–) 3–5, with 4 mostly connate in pairs, appearing as only (1–) 3 stamens; anthers
19 KB (877 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
present; compound thorns on trunk abundant or absent; twigs ± thorny, thorns 10–60 (–100) mm, growth determinate (indeterminate in sect. Crataegus); glabrous
26 KB (2,400 words) - 15:31, 15 December 2020
bractlets (4 or) 5 (–10); hypanthium patelliform to cupulate, rarely turbinate, 0.5–2.5 (–5) × (1.5–) 2–7 (–10) mm; sepals (4 or) 5 (–10), spreading at anthesis
31 KB (1,939 words) - 13:53, 30 July 2020
alluding to violet flower at apex of fruit Treatment appears in FNA Volume 10. Herbs, annual or perennial, sometimes suffrutescent, caulescent, often with
32 KB (1,609 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
multiple-seeded); pyrenes 1–10, connate or not. Seeds 1–10, distinct or connate along radial faces of stony endocarp into 2s or 3s, sometimes connate into
41 KB (2,034 words) - 13:11, 30 July 2020
deltate; style-branches stigmatic in 2 lines, apices usually truncate-penicillate. Cypselae cylindric, usually 5–10-ribbed (ribs usually prominent), glabrous
40 KB (1,171 words) - 21:16, 29 July 2020
bulbiferous, with flowers borne singly, in pairs, or in umbellike clusters of 2–40+ on peduncles or the lateral branches borne by the peduncle. Flowers protandrous
24 KB (1,110 words) - 06:12, 30 July 2020
descending dysploid series with chromosome numbers ranging from n = 18 to n = 10. Very few instances of polyploidy are known among New World Cirsium. Cirsium
60 KB (2,205 words) - 13:43, 10 February 2021
falling, of 2 (–3) usually lanceolate, aristate, or erose scales (at the 2 principal angles, 1–5 mm) plus 0–8 usually shorter scales (0.2–2 mm). x = 17
32 KB (1,118 words) - 23:14, 29 July 2020
species, membranous. Flowers erect (pendent in A. triquetrum); tepals 6, in 2 similar whorls, ± distinct, petallike, usually becoming becoming dry and persisting;
43 KB (1,553 words) - 05:48, 30 July 2020
epaleate genera) are native in the New World. O. Hoffmann (1890–1894) listed 10 subtribes for Heliantheae in a restricted sense (only paleate genera). T.
30 KB (1,803 words) - 22:30, 29 July 2020
cells short to very long, hexagonal to rhomboidal, sometimes vermicular, 2–10: 1, sometimes occurring in rows oblique to costa, walls thin to thick, sometimes
20 KB (757 words) - 07:35, 30 July 2020
Madrono 32:1-10 Kerguelen, M. and F. Plonka. 1989. Les Festuca de la flore de France (Corse comprise). Bull. Soc. Bot. Centre-Ouest, Numero Special 10:1-368 Kerguelen
52 KB (3,291 words) - 03:08, 30 July 2020
panicles, sometimes on the terminal panicles. Caryopses variously shaped, x = 10. Conn., N.J., N.Y., Md., Va., Wash., W.Va., Mich., Wis., Del., D.C, Ark.,
33 KB (1,388 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
orbiculate, 1-26 mm; nectary present, usually covered by scale; stamens (5-) 10-many; filaments filiform; staminodes absent between stamens and pistils; pistils
15 KB (560 words) - 08:33, 30 July 2020
to Jepson (Fl. Calif. 436, 1914).” Atriplex sibirica Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 2: 1493. 1763 This was supposedly collected in northeastern United States,
45 KB (1,022 words) - 09:34, 30 July 2020
often sharply distinct from the blades of the cauline leaves. Culms 5-150 cm, herbaceous, hollow, usually erect or ascending, rarely sprawling, in the
26 KB (1,343 words) - 04:00, 30 July 2020
glabrous or pubescent, rarely hirsute or hispid, trichomes simple or branched, 2–14-rayed, sometimes dendritic, not stellate. Stems erect, ascending, or decumbent
73 KB (2,294 words) - 12:15, 30 July 2020
distally at junction of ovary and free portion of hypanthium; stamens (2–) 5 (–9) 10; anthers usually dehiscent longitudinally, rarely by broad terminal openings
27 KB (1,591 words) - 13:14, 30 July 2020
Lagophylla, Layia, Madia, Osmadenia, Raillardella Bentham & Hooker f. Gen. Pl. 2: 198. 1873. Theodore M. Barkley†, Luc Brouillet, John L. Strother Treatment
15 KB (799 words) - 23:36, 29 July 2020
or ± compressed, rarely beaked, bodies usually smooth, sometimes rugose or 10-nerved or 20-nerved (glabrous or puberulent to villous; often with apical
15 KB (836 words) - 20:05, 29 July 2020
wholly brown to purple or redbrown to reddish. Disc-florets 1 (Lagascea) or 10–200 (–1000+), bisexual, fertile; corollas usually yellow to orange, sometimes
10 KB (633 words) - 23:14, 29 July 2020
throughout. Stems usually deciduous and withering at end of season, 0–5 (–10+), erect to ascending, decumbent, or prostrate, simple, [woody], leafy; from
39 KB (2,374 words) - 11:16, 30 July 2020
simple or compound, or both; hila round or oval, x = 9 (usually), sometimes 10, with polyploid and dysploid derivatives. Conn., N.H., R.I., N.C., N.J., N
26 KB (1,480 words) - 04:05, 30 July 2020
acute, often awned, sometimes bidentate, teeth to 0.2 mm, sometimes with bristles, bristles to 10 mm, awns terminal or from the sinus, straight or arcuately
45 KB (3,070 words) - 03:00, 30 July 2020
proximal 1–2 (–3) empty, stramineous (straw-brown) to medium brown or red brown or blackish brown. Flowers bisexual; perianth of (0–)3–6(–10) bristles,
13 KB (1,127 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
connate or coherent, shed together in rings or in groups); staminate usually of 10–20+ (usually ± clavate, sometimes capillary, barbellate to barbellulate) bristles;
38 KB (2,648 words) - 20:30, 29 July 2020
puberulent, pubescent, or retrorsely hairy, rarely glandular-lanate, cymes 1 or 2 per node; peduncles and pedicels spreading to ascending or erect. Flowers:
36 KB (1,140 words) - 19:13, 29 July 2020
viridis, Draba weberi, Draba yukonensis, Draba zionensis Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 642. 1753. Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, Michael D. Windham, Reidar Elven Etymology:
85 KB (2,094 words) - 12:08, 30 July 2020
spirally arranged; foliage leaves (needles) (1–) 2–5 (–6) per fascicle, persisting 2–12 or more years, terete or ± 2–3-angled and rounded on abaxial surface, sessile
29 KB (1,428 words) - 00:26, 30 July 2020
usually cespitose, sometimes rhizomatous, rarely stoloniferous. Culms 10-250 cm, usually erect, rarely prostrate, glabrous. Sheaths open, usually glabrous
22 KB (1,094 words) - 04:32, 30 July 2020
internodes; proximal scale usually empty; floral scales with 1 vein, or rarely to 10 longitudinal parallel veins; basal spikelets rarely present in 8a1d. E. sect
37 KB (456 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
oblanceolate, 2–60 (–120) × 1.2–40 cm, nearly smooth to tuberculate, glabrous or pubescent; areoles usually elliptic, circular, or obovate, 3–8 (–10) × 1–7 (–10)
34 KB (1,067 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
distally). Cypselae narrowly prismatic, 10-ribbed, glabrous or hairy to glabrate, often glanddotted; pappi persistent, of 10–80 usually smooth or barbellulate
17 KB (617 words) - 22:47, 29 July 2020
Annuals, biennials, perennials, subshrubs, shrubs, or treelets, 1–80 (–300) cm (some rhizomatous or with woody caudices). Leaves basal, basal and cauline
17 KB (818 words) - 23:57, 29 July 2020
compressed-3-gonous or nearly pyramidal, glabrous. Seeds: embryo straight. x = 7, 8, 9, 10 (polyploidy widespread in the genus). Almost worldwide, but mostly in temperate
41 KB (1,085 words) - 10:05, 30 July 2020
Herbs, annual, biennial, or perennial, rarely subshrubs, not viviparous, 0.2–10 dm, glabrous or hairy. Stems erect, ascending, procumbent, or creeping, usually
21 KB (778 words) - 13:02, 30 July 2020
abaxial lobes 3, adaxial 2; stamens 4, adnate proximal to middle of corolla, didynamous, filaments glabrous or hairy, staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation
49 KB (1,607 words) - 18:59, 29 July 2020
base. Seeds many, elliptic, 2–4 mm, bearing white or yellowish, large, oily, myrmecochorous elaiosome (aril). x = 5.2n = 10 in all American species recorded
30 KB (822 words) - 06:13, 30 July 2020
from which leaves have fallen. Genera 10, species ca. 200 (6 genera, 66 species in the flora with 64 natives and 2 naturalized). Burns, R.M. and B.H. Honkala
13 KB (769 words) - 00:23, 30 July 2020
Flowers: anthers 0.2–2.5 mm; styles 2-fid or 3-fid. Achenes variously colored, biconvex to trigonous, 0.4–2 mm, smooth to markedly sculptured at 10X. Tubercles
4 KB (429 words) - 02:16, 30 July 2020
oblong, rarely ovate, oblanceolate, or rhombic, base usually clawed; stamens 10–30, usually shorter than or equal to petals, sometimes longer. Drupes 1, greenish
43 KB (1,828 words) - 14:17, 30 July 2020
orbicular to elliptical, planoconvex or flattened, white, yellow, or brown, x = 10, 12. Conn., N.J., N.Y., Wash., Va., Del., D.C, Wis., W.Va., Pacific Islands
22 KB (1,167 words) - 04:18, 30 July 2020
Mentioned on page 6, 41, 184. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, 10–400 cm (sometimes rhizomatous or with cormiform bases, stoloniferous in Coreopsis
12 KB (744 words) - 23:22, 29 July 2020
1709–1773, botanist and physician of Leipzig Treatment appears in FNA Volume 10. Herbs, usually perennial, rarely annual, or shrubs, [rarely trees], caulescent
30 KB (1,654 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
Pistillate flowers: sepals [3–] (4–) 5 (–9) [–10] or 0, imbricate or valvate, distinct (connate for 1/2+ length in C. argyranthemus); petals 5 (sometimes
24 KB (874 words) - 18:18, 29 July 2020
539. Plants annual or perennial; cespitose, rarely rhizomatous. Culms 10-600 cm, erect or decumbent. Ligules membranous and ciliate or of hairs; blades
17 KB (1,129 words) - 04:14, 30 July 2020
mostly laminar, sometimes subterete, turgid ± throughout. Cymes: branches 2-3 (-6), simple or bifurcate; cincinni circinate or not. Pedicels erect to pendent
10 KB (581 words) - 12:54, 30 July 2020
perennial; herbaceous, usually cespitose, occasionally rhizomatous. Culms 10-150 cm, not woody, sometimes branched above the base; internodes usually pith-filled
23 KB (1,150 words) - 04:51, 30 July 2020
stamens 10, (distinct); filaments linear and ± flattened or club-shaped; pistils 2 (–3+), 2 (–3) -carpellate, carpels distinct or connate to ca. 1/2 their
27 KB (988 words) - 13:15, 30 July 2020
its hybrids), solid or hollow, terete or slightly flattened. Leaves: basal 3–10, in fan; blade monofacial (except at base), smooth or ridged, sometimes centrally
20 KB (1,129 words) - 06:06, 30 July 2020
the floret (s), always longer than 1/4 the length of the adjacent floret, 1-10-veined, narrowly lanceolate to ovate, hyaline or membranous, flexible; florets
18 KB (1,356 words) - 02:45, 30 July 2020
fleshy, leathery, or woody base of calyx, sides longitudinally 5-ribbed or 10-ribbed or not ribbed, glandular or not, smooth, wrinkled, or warty, glabrous
20 KB (1,275 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
involucres hemispheric or broader (2–3+ mm diam.), phyllaries in 2–4 series, pistillate florets in 2–8 series, bisexual florets 10(–30), corollas yellow, 4-lobed
23 KB (1,089 words) - 20:43, 29 July 2020
pappi persistent, of 12–40 coarsely barbellate to plumose bristles in 1–2 series. x = 10. North America, Mexico, West Indies (Bahamas) Species 37 (37 in the
24 KB (826 words) - 22:52, 29 July 2020
corneous, apex mostly sharp-pointed. Scape, when present, usually less than 2.5 cm diam. Inflorescences erect or rarely pendent, paniculate or racemose, sometimes
17 KB (687 words) - 06:11, 30 July 2020
30–200(–300) cm, sweetly aromatic; leaves 2–3-pinnatifid; arrays of heads 10–20 cm diam Artemisia annua 5 Annuals or biennials, (10–)30–80(–150) cm, not aromatic;
11 KB (598 words) - 20:49, 29 July 2020
exposed, borne in 2 rows on pinnate (except in very small plants) sporophore branches. Gametophytes broadly ovate, unbranched, 1–3 × 1–10 mm. x =44, 45, 92
19 KB (579 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 9. Mentioned on page 8, 10, 44. Shrubs usually synoecious (R. diacanthum dioecious). Stems usually differentiated
23 KB (1,464 words) - 13:16, 30 July 2020
solitary; filaments filiform. > 11 10 Leaves simple, blade lobed; flowers bisexual; inflorescences corymbs. Trautvetteria 10 Leaves compound; flowers unisexual
13 KB (392 words) - 08:32, 30 July 2020
proximal node, 0.3–2.5 × 0.2–1.8 cm, usually scalelike distally, 1–5 × 0.5–3 mm. Involucres 1 per node, turbinate to campanulate, 1–6 × (1–) 1.5–10 mm, tomentose
27 KB (1,609 words) - 10:41, 30 July 2020
yellow or white (sometimes with reddish veins in E. lanosum). Disc-florets (3–) 10–300, bisexual, fertile; corollas yellow, tubes shorter than or about equaling
13 KB (1,037 words) - 23:55, 29 July 2020
rarely 2-fid; nectaries usually 5, prominent at (or adjacent to in E. eastwoodiae) base of filaments opposite sepals, rarely absent; stamens 10, arising
19 KB (1,194 words) - 10:09, 30 July 2020
0.3–2.6 cm; pollen cream, yellow, peach, tan, orange, rust, or brown, usually becoming lighter; pistil compound, 3-lobed, 3-locular, oblong, 2.1–10.5 cm;
37 KB (2,628 words) - 05:42, 30 July 2020
persistent, of 2–5 (–10) dissimilar, distinct or connate scales in ± 1 series: 0–5+ oblong to lanceolate, erose-truncate or laciniate plus 0–2 (–5) longer
11 KB (696 words) - 15:28, 15 December 2020
(–65), styles free exsert (0.5–) 1–2.5 (–4) mm, pilose, stylar orifice 1–3 mm diam., hypanthial disc flat, 2–5 (–10) mm diam. Hips scarlet or red to orange-red
24 KB (1,103 words) - 13:51, 30 July 2020
68, 72, 85, 188. Shrubs (trees in Ericameria parishii var. parishii), 10–500 cm. Stems usually erect to ascending, rarely prostrate, fastigiately or intricately
23 KB (1,156 words) - 22:11, 29 July 2020
×biscayneanum, Asplenium ×curtissii, Asplenium ×heteroresiliens Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 1078. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 485, 1754. Warren H. Wagner Jr., Robbin C. Moran
11 KB (330 words) - 00:25, 30 July 2020
racemose, with 2–20+ spikes, 1–1.5 times as long as wide in fruit; proximal bracts scalelike or bristlelike, rarely leaflike, not more than 5 cm, not more than
57 KB (937 words) - 01:54, 30 July 2020
page 706. Plants perennial; often cespitose, usually rhizomatous. Culms 10-210 cm, unbranched or branched, more or less smooth, nodes 1-8. Sheaths open,
24 KB (1,813 words) - 02:43, 30 July 2020
without 2 marginal veins more prominent than midvein, blade 2+ cm, longer than its sheath, 2–4.5 mm wide, glabrous. Inflorescences racemose, with 2–6 spikes;
16 KB (801 words) - 01:21, 30 July 2020
aromatic, 0.3–10 (–12) dm, sparsely to densely hairy, inconspicuously to conspicuously glandular; compactly to ± loosely rhizomatous. Stems 1–10+, decumbent
16 KB (987 words) - 14:06, 30 July 2020
bearded or glabrous; ovary 3-locular, ovules (1–) 2 per locule, 1-seriate. Capsules 3-valved, 3-locular. Seeds 2 per locule (1 in T. spathacea); hilum oblong
17 KB (671 words) - 00:52, 30 July 2020
fusiform, terete or subterete, usually curved, apices tapered or beaked, ribs 10–20, sometimes spiculate-roughened, faces glabrous or hispidulous; pappi persistent
18 KB (964 words) - 20:06, 29 July 2020
fusiform, or obovoid-cylindric, nerves 5–10 (–20), faces hairy, glandular, or glabrous; pappi usually persistent, of 10–50 white or stramineous to tawny, fine
16 KB (834 words) - 23:57, 29 July 2020
exserted, flattened distally, (0.2–) 0.4–3 mm diam., tip recurved, rarely coiled or straight, distal 10–50 (–70) % hairy, hairs to 2.5 mm, rarely glabrous; style
17 KB (733 words) - 19:07, 29 July 2020
veins not or only weakly developed; lodicules 2, free; anthers (1) 3, 0.1-2 mm, not penicillate; styles 2, free to the base, white; ovaries glabrous. Caryopses
31 KB (1,893 words) - 03:29, 30 July 2020
widespread > 10 10 Inflorescences dense, subcapitate or spiciform, not 1-sided; calyces usually overlapping others in flower, sometimes in fruit > 11 10 Inflorescences
21 KB (668 words) - 11:33, 30 July 2020
as scattered plants or deep, sometimes extensive, turfs. Stems 0.1–10 cm, not complanate-foliate, often bearing subfloral innovations below the gametangia
17 KB (677 words) - 07:39, 30 July 2020
radially symmetric, sometimes slightly irregular (in Montia); sepals 2–9; petals (1–) 2–19 or sometimes absent, distinct or connate basally; stamens 1–many
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Receptacles convex, pitted, epaleate. Ray-florets 10–80, pistillate, fertile; corollas yellow (usually 10–35 mm, sometimes reduced, not surpassing involucres)
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(present in A. patens), distinct, plane, obovate to elliptic, 1.5-2 mm; nectary present; stamens 10-200; filaments filiform or somewhat broadened at base; staminodes
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of 2–5, axillary in Juniperus communis; usually in terminal panicles in Taxodium), simple, spheric to oblong; sporophylls overlapping, bearing 2–10 abaxial
17 KB (1,137 words) - 00:30, 30 July 2020
sometimes rhizomatous. Basal branching intra and/or extravaginal. Culms (5) 10-125 cm, terete or weakly compressed; nodes terete or slightly compressed. Sheaths
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rarely unisexual (dioecious in R. setigera or monoecious), 10–90 (–100) mm diam.; hypanthium 2–5 (–10) mm, glabrous, puberulent, tomentose, or setose, eglandular
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inflorescence, radially symmetric; perianth 1–2-seriate; sepals [2–] 3 [–4], distinct or connate; petals [2–] 3 [–4], distinct or variously connate; androecium:
20 KB (1,128 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
perennial; tightly to loosely cespitose, sometimes shortly rhizomatous. Culms 10-250 cm, erect, not branching at the upper nodes; basal branching extra or intravaginal;
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pale; stigmatic papillae in 2 lines. Cypselae usually obpyramidal, sometimes clavate, columnar, or obconic (lengths usually 1–2.5, rarely to 3.5 diams.),
13 KB (688 words) - 22:34, 29 July 2020
Treatment on page 230. Mentioned on page 10, 13, 14, 211, 214, 222, 231. Annuals or perennials, (5–) 30–60 (–200) cm (sometimes becoming shrubby through shoot
25 KB (1,511 words) - 21:54, 29 July 2020
biennials, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, 3–350 cm (usually, rarely not, aromatic). Stems 1–10+, usually erect, usually branched, glabrous or hairy
14 KB (1,396 words) - 20:45, 29 July 2020
long cylindric, sometimes tapering distally, (1–) 2–70 (–130) [–200] × (0.6–) 1–15 cm, less than 40 cm at flowering, skin hard and brittle (less often soft)
24 KB (1,147 words) - 09:19, 30 July 2020
sutures denticulate, teeth to 0.1–0.2 mm, sometimes papillate or smooth; staminode included to exserted, flattened distally, 0.2–1.3 mm diam., tip straight to
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bisexual or unisexual floret, sometimes with 2 sterile florets below the sexual floret, these no more than 1/2 (9/10) the length of the fertile floret; unisexual
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clawed, blade apex 2-fid 1/5–1/2 of length, notched, or emarginate; nectaries at base of filaments opposite sepals; stamens usually 10, sometimes 5 or 8
21 KB (1,044 words) - 10:15, 30 July 2020
axillary, (1-) 2-200-flowered panicles, racemes, corymbs, umbels, or flowers solitary, to 41 cm; involucres absent or present, involucral-bracts 2-3 (these compound
17 KB (836 words) - 08:34, 30 July 2020
sometimes ± recurved, 1-year old very dark, usually slender, 1–5 cm. Leaves: petiole length (0–) 10–40 (–60) % blade, pubescent (young), sessile-glandular (young);
22 KB (1,233 words) - 13:46, 30 July 2020
replum rounded; septum complete; ovules (10–) 12–120 per ovary; style distinct or obsolete; stigma entire or 2-lobed. Seeds uniseriate, usually flattened
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barbellulate bristles in 1 series. x = 10. e North America, Europe, e Asia Species 41+ (24 species, including 2 hybrids, in the flora). Eupatorium is treated
17 KB (791 words) - 22:42, 29 July 2020
perennial, not viviparous, 7–10 dm, glabrous. Stems above ground (caudex) or underground (corm), usually erect, simple or 2-branched at apex, rarely with
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toothlike. Sporangia borne on peltate sporophylls aggregated in cones 0.3–10 cm. Spores green (except white in hybrids), all 1 kind. Gametophytes green,
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yellowish, laminae seldom conspicuous. Peripheral (pistillate) florets 0 or 1–10+; corollas (sometimes 0) usually ochroleucous or whitish, sometimes yellowish
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trullate, rhomboid, ovate, or deltate, apex obtuse to apiculate; cauline leaves 2 and opposite, rarely 3 and whorled, distinct or partially or completely connate
16 KB (646 words) - 09:44, 30 July 2020
margins undulate or straight. North America, possibly others in Asia Species 10+ (10 in the flora). None. Delphinium andersonii, Delphinium gypsophilum, Delphinium
8 KB (562 words) - 08:23, 30 July 2020
Mentioned on page 51, 184. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, 10–80 (–200+) cm (often rhizomatous or with cormiform bases, stoloniferous in C. auriculata)
12 KB (827 words) - 23:22, 29 July 2020
mucilaginous or not when wetted; cotyledons accumbent. x = 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15. North America, n Mexico, s South America (Argentina), s South America
40 KB (1,647 words) - 11:54, 30 July 2020
at base of filaments opposite sepals, sometimes prominent and 2-lobed; stamens 10 (8–10 in M. godfreyi), arising from hypanthium; filaments distinct; staminodes
25 KB (1,236 words) - 10:19, 30 July 2020
similar to vegetative leaves or occasionally corrugate near base; inner leaves 1–10, rolled into fusiform structure, unmodified, or shortened and oriented at
23 KB (1,207 words) - 00:56, 30 July 2020
rhombic, elliptic, or linear to lanceolate, ovate, or suborbiculate, 1–10 cm, membranous, chartaceous, or coriaceous, margins flat, serrate to serrulate
20 KB (1,036 words) - 14:24, 30 July 2020
glandular-villous, or retrorsely hairy, rarely puberulent or glabrous, cymes 1 or 2 per node; peduncles and pedicels ascending to erect. Flowers: calyx lobes:
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blunt calluses; lower glumes 2-keeled, flat or concave, usually not veined between the keels, sometimes 2-9-veined; anthers 1, 3 (2). Pedicels usually longer
14 KB (1,071 words) - 04:25, 30 July 2020
page 10, 119, 132, 173, 178, 659. Plants small to very large, in dense or open turfs, red, pink, yellow-green, or brown-green. Stems 0.5–4 (–12) cm, tufted
12 KB (810 words) - 07:37, 30 July 2020
reduced to an awn column with well-developed awns or to a flabellate scale, x = 10. Conn., N.J., N.Y., W.Va., Mich., Alta., B.C., Man., Ont., Sask., D.C, Wis
16 KB (1,065 words) - 04:46, 30 July 2020
opposite sepals usually present, disc sometimes prominent; stamens (1–) 5 or 10 or absent, arising from nectariferous disc (prominent in S. dicranoides and
21 KB (985 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
base clawed; stamens (8–) 10–20 (–23) in 1 or 2 series, shorter than petals; carpels 1–5, distinct, adnate to proximal 1/2 of hypanthium, glabrous or
31 KB (1,652 words) - 14:31, 30 July 2020
Ceanothus foliosus 8 Shrubs 1–3 m; inflorescences racemelike to paniclelike. > 10 10 Shrubs deciduous; leaf blades flat. > 11 11 Leaf blades 6–25 mm, adaxial
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not damage a population. Bulbs of Erythronium species are often more than 10 cm deep. Collectors should press flowers so that the shape of the style, stigmas
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reniform to orbiculate, 2–30 cm, herbaceous to ± coriaceous, leaflets 0 or 3, 5, 7, or 9, terminal ovate to elliptic to obovate, 1.7–15 cm, base cuneate to rounded
35 KB (2,155 words) - 15:31, 15 December 2020
golden, or orange; ovary inferior, globose, ovoid, oblong, or pyriform, ovules 2–10 per locule; style exserted beyond stamens, deflexed laterally, filiform;
14 KB (860 words) - 05:56, 30 July 2020
observations on the Oxalis dillenii group (Oxalidaceae). Phytoneuron 2014-12: 1–10. Ornduff, R. 1972. The breakdown of trimorphic incompatibility in Oxalis section
23 KB (1,013 words) - 18:29, 29 July 2020
Cypselae 2–2.5 mm, pubescent and papillate; pappi: staminate 6–7 mm (capillary); pistillate 6–7 mm. 2n = 28. North America, South America Species 11 (10, including
12 KB (714 words) - 20:21, 29 July 2020
Phyllaries persistent, 8–30 in 2 (–3) series, 0-nerved or 2-nerved, lanceolate to linear, ± equal (herbaceous). Florets 10–60; corollas white or lavender
11 KB (480 words) - 22:58, 29 July 2020
Nuttall ex Bentham in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle Prodr. 10: 597. 1846. Kerry A. Barringer Common names: Bird’s-beak Etymology: Greek
10 KB (460 words) - 18:57, 29 July 2020
on the distal portion, sometimes throughout; lodicules 2, shortly hairy, lobed; anthers 3, 2.5-10 mm. Caryopses with hairy apices, x = 7. Haplomes NsNs
20 KB (1,611 words) - 03:05, 30 July 2020
distally) or nearly fusiform, not distinctly beaked, ribs (or grooves) usually 10, faces glabrous; pappi persistent (fragile), of 20–80+, distinct, white, sordid
26 KB (1,108 words) - 20:14, 29 July 2020
shorter than the lemmas, 2-veined, veins scabrous; anthers 3; lodicules 2. Caryopses ovoid, elliptic, or obovoid. x = (9) 10. Mich., Del., Ariz., N.Mex
21 KB (1,159 words) - 04:42, 30 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Roots usually 10 or fewer, yellow or brown, 0.5–1.5mm diam. 1 cm from base. Plants less than 15 cm. Common stalk lacking idioblasts
5 KB (560 words) - 00:23, 30 July 2020
3, adaxial 2; stamens 4, didynamous; filaments glabrate to lanate; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile; stigma linear, rarely 2-lobed (A. neoscotica)
23 KB (952 words) - 19:30, 29 July 2020
flowers; style conic, short. Berries purple or black. Seeds 1–4 per fruit. x = 10. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, n South America, Eurasia
14 KB (773 words) - 18:13, 29 July 2020
connate, not winged; anthers (1) 2-3; ovaries glabrous; styles 2-branched, branches divergent to recurved, plumose distally. x = 10. N.C., Conn., N.J., N.Y.,
20 KB (1,626 words) - 03:20, 30 July 2020
dehiscent to 1/3 length. Seeds 10–100+, brown, ovoid or oblong, somewhat 4-angled, reticulate or vesiculate. x = [8,] 9, [10,] 11, [12]. North America, Mexico
25 KB (2,084 words) - 13:06, 30 July 2020
stemless to long caulescent. Leaves mostly many-ranked, rosulate, or occasionally 2-ranked and/or laxly arranged; blade linear to triangular or ligulate, margins
9 KB (299 words) - 01:00, 30 July 2020
mostly on short-shoots, nearly 2-ranked. Leaf-blade ovate to deltate, elliptic, or nearly orbiculate, 0.5–10 (–14) × 0.5–8 cm, thin, margins doubly serrate
18 KB (893 words) - 08:41, 30 July 2020
grooved, convex, or flat adaxially, often not glandular, sometimes with 1 or 2 pairs of spherical glands distally; largest medial blade amphistomatous, hemiamphistomatous
22 KB (876 words) - 12:17, 30 July 2020
within 1 cm of stem attachment, 2-7 (-16) cm, cormlike to fascicled or fibrous, ± fleshy, ± succulent, usually brittle; buds minute. Stems 1 (-2) per root
13 KB (670 words) - 08:25, 30 July 2020
abaxially pubescent or glabrous; stamens (5–) 10 or (18–) 20, anthers ivory, sometimes pink; styles 2–4 (or 5). Pomes usually bright to deep red or yellowish
20 KB (1,294 words) - 13:44, 30 July 2020
filiform to narrowly oblanceolate (mostly adaxially sulcate to concave), 10–70 × 0.3–10 mm, midnerves mostly evident, apices acute, faces glabrous or tomentose
16 KB (1,091 words) - 20:55, 29 July 2020
racemiform arrays. Involucres campanulate to hemispheric, 10–30 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 11–45 in 2–4 series (outer broader, foliaceous, inner smaller
10 KB (661 words) - 23:01, 29 July 2020
oblong-ovate, obovate, quadrangular, suborbiculate, or orbiculate, 0.2–10 × 0.2–6 cm, membranous to coriaceous, base tapering or truncate to rounded or cordate
22 KB (1,558 words) - 13:48, 30 July 2020
longer than achene, seldom smooth; stamens 2–3; styles undivided or shallowly 2-fid, or deeply cleft into 2 (–3) linear stigmatic branches; style base
38 KB (1,253 words) - 01:40, 30 July 2020
on page 219, 349, 351, 354, 360, 361, 370. Annuals, 10–200 cm, taprooted, or perennials, 10–100 cm, with deeply seated, woody caudices or stout or slender
15 KB (1,165 words) - 20:25, 29 July 2020
completely intravaginal. Culms 10-120 cm, capillary to stout, terete or weakly compressed; nodes terete. Sheaths closed for 1/10-1/3 their length, terete, smooth
9 KB (1,082 words) - 03:24, 30 July 2020
urceolate, (2.5–) 6–32 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent (or inner falling), usually (6–) 16–30 (–40) in 2 series and unequal, sometimes 28–50 in 2–3 series
15 KB (1,046 words) - 22:37, 29 July 2020
bracteoles absent. Flowers: post-mature petals pale paper brown; stamens 5 or 10–20, anthers white to ivory, pink, or purple, sometimes puce. Pomes bright
8 KB (677 words) - 14:35, 30 July 2020
20–50 bristles in 1–2+ series, or of 5–20 (sometimes aristate) scales in 1–2 series, or combinations of bristles and scales in 1–2+ series, rarely coroniform
11 KB (674 words) - 23:30, 29 July 2020
usually glabrous (rarely tomentose) adaxially; tepals connate proximally 1/5–1/2 their length, monomorphic or dimorphic; stamens included or exserted; filaments
30 KB (1,075 words) - 10:46, 30 July 2020
Pseudolysimachium (W. D. J. Koch) Buchenau (species 1 and 2, type V. spicata), subg. Veronica Linnaeus (species 3–10, type V. officinalis), subg. Beccabunga (Hill)
20 KB (967 words) - 19:23, 29 July 2020
Involucres mostly campanulate to cylindric, (3–) 4–7 mm. Phyllaries in (2–) 3–7 (–10) series, whitish, rosy, tawny, or brownish (opaque or hyaline, dull or
17 KB (673 words) - 20:34, 29 July 2020
usually some hairs (chasmogamous), 1–20 per capsule (cleistogamous). x = 10. North America, Mexico, West Indies (Dominican Republic), Central America
9 KB (561 words) - 11:40, 30 July 2020
styles 1–2 (–3), distinct or often connate proximally 1/10–9/10 of length, subcapitate to filiform, 0.07–3.2 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 2 (–3), subterminal
21 KB (1,113 words) - 10:32, 30 July 2020
alluding to supposed effect on foraging cattle Treatment appears in FNA Volume 10. Herbs, annual, biennial, or perennial, or subshrubs [lianas, shrubs, trees]
19 KB (903 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
Oenothera subsect. Raimannia Warren L. Wagner Treatment appears in FNA Volume 10. Herbs annual, biennial, or perennial, caulescent; from a usually large taproot
10 KB (907 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
species. Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr., Naturvidensk. Math. Afd., ser. 7, 10: 55--282. Holttum, R. E. 1971. Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae III
14 KB (584 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
Perennials, 5–10 cm. Leaves: basal 2-pinnate, 3–20 cm, lobes 2–50 × 0.5–2 (–3) mm; cauline 0–12. Heads 1–60 per stem. Peduncles 1–16 cm. Phyllaries whitish
8 KB (620 words) - 23:45, 29 July 2020
white Mirabilis oxybaphoides 9 Involucres 1(-2)-flowered; perianth white, pink, or purplish pink > 10 10 Lobes of involucres narrowly lance-oblong; involucres
15 KB (526 words) - 09:38, 30 July 2020
midstripes, white, cream, gold, rose, pink, or purple margins, oblanceolate, 10–45 × 3–10 mm, margins entire or fimbriate; inner tepals erect to ascending white
19 KB (1,100 words) - 09:23, 30 July 2020
easily dislodged, straight to curved, cylindric to slightly clavate, 2–40 (–50) × 0.3–5.5 cm, usually glabrous, tuberculate; areoles elliptic, circular, ovate
17 KB (804 words) - 09:14, 30 July 2020
venation brochidodromous. Inflorescences axillary or terminal, racemes, usually 2–10-flowered, sometimes flowers solitary, (leafy); (bracteoles absent, present
13 KB (607 words) - 12:52, 30 July 2020
filiform to flat with filiform tip, to 25 cm × 2.5–4 mm. Inflorescences terminal, spikelets solitary, erect or (1–) 2–10 (–30) in subcapitate or subumbellate
10 KB (422 words) - 01:32, 30 July 2020
glabrous or distal 10–50% hairy, hairs to 1.5 mm; style glabrous. Capsules glabrous. Seeds brown, 0.8–4 mm. w North America Species 10 (10 in the flora). Morphologic
10 KB (581 words) - 19:05, 29 July 2020
persistent, 2 (–9), equal or subequal when paired, margins entire, toothed, or glandular-toothed, herbaceous or scarious; petals (4–) 5–10 (–19), twisting
13 KB (537 words) - 09:45, 30 July 2020
asexual reproduction by gemmae occasional, usually spheric to elliptic, of 1–10 cells, usually borne in leaf-axils, occasionally on adaxial surface of costa
28 KB (1,343 words) - 07:04, 30 July 2020
± tuberculate, glabrous or hairy, each sometimes with 2 grooves; pappi 0, or persistent, of (1–) 2–4 (–8) usually retrorsely, sometimes antrorsely, barbellate
22 KB (1,036 words) - 23:27, 29 July 2020
base; peristome single, usually of 16 lanceolate teeth, deeply divided into 2 or rarely 3 divisions, usually vertically striolate or pitted-striolate proximally
14 KB (515 words) - 06:54, 30 July 2020
on page 426. Mentioned on page 415, 416. Annuals or perennials, 10–160 cm. Stems 1 (–10), erect, simple or branched distally (usually ± winged by decurrent
13 KB (702 words) - 15:32, 15 December 2020
stigmas usually capitate, rarely linear. Capsules dehiscing into 10, 1-seeded segments or 5, 2-seeded segments; false septa incomplete to complete. Pollen tricolpate
12 KB (469 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
cylindric-ovoid or ellipsoid, usually juicy, sometimes dry, at maturity. Seeds 1-10, tan to redbrown or black; aril absent. x = 14. Almost worldwide Species ca
16 KB (698 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
australis; A. mexicana differs in having pistillate bracts that are 10 mm and eglandular (versus 10–15 mm and glandular) and allomorphic flowers that are common
17 KB (923 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
with flowers disposed in 1s, 2s or 3s on long scapes or peduncles; bracts present; buds nodding [erect]. Flowers: sepals 2 (-3), distinct; petals 4 (-6);
11 KB (522 words) - 08:35, 30 July 2020
page 6, 7, 135, 182. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, (2–) 10–150 [–300+] cm. Leaves mostly basal or mostly cauline; usually opposite (distal
10 KB (606 words) - 23:21, 29 July 2020
Treatment on page 51. Plants annual or perennial; cespitose. Culms (3) 10-250 (300) cm, usually ascending to erect, often geniculate at the lower nodes, occasionally
14 KB (1,093 words) - 04:44, 30 July 2020
page 383. Mentioned on page 6, 7, 8, 10, 15, 17, 384, 394, 402. Annuals, biennials, perennials, or subshrubs, 3–100 cm (taprooted, caudices woody, much branched
13 KB (844 words) - 22:21, 29 July 2020
entire or erose, apex rounded; stamens 50–100, barely coherent at base in 10–17 vague fascicles, falling separately; filaments slightly variable in length;
17 KB (1,184 words) - 13:09, 30 July 2020
Brodiaea stellaris, Brodiaea terrestris Smith Trans. Linn. Soc. London 10: 2. 1811. J. Chris Pires Common names: Cluster-lily Etymology: for James Brodie
12 KB (690 words) - 06:01, 30 July 2020
(rudimentary in pistillate flowers); ovary superior, 2–4-locular; styles 2–4, connate proximally. Fruits drupes; stones 2–4, longitudinally dehiscent. Seeds obovoid
12 KB (452 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
in cross-section when young, glabrous. Inflorescences racemose, with (1–) 2–10 (–15) spikes; rachis of spikes glabrous; proximal bracts scalelike, bristlelike
11 KB (598 words) - 01:52, 30 July 2020
Mentioned on page 3, 5, 6, 24, 34. Perennials, subshrubs, shrubs, or trees, 10–600 cm (dioecious [rarely monoecious], usually glabrous, often resinous; bases
19 KB (1,032 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 10. Mentioned on page 3, 9, 25. Annuals, perennials, or shrubs, 10–400+ cm (usually rhizomatous). Stems erect, decumbent
16 KB (728 words) - 23:11, 29 July 2020
cross-section when young, glabrous. Inflorescences racemose or, rarely, 1–2 branched proximally, with 3–15 spikes; proximal bracts filiform or leaflike
15 KB (529 words) - 01:49, 30 July 2020
page 245. Mentioned on page 5, 253. Annuals, perennials, or subshrubs, 10–80 cm (often ± succulent). Leaves cauline; opposite; petiolate or sessile; blades
7 KB (473 words) - 23:35, 29 July 2020
usually 5-10 flowers per 5 cm, ± dense, cylindric (greatly shortened in some), spurs rarely intersecting rachis; pedicel ± spreading, usually less than 2 cm;
9 KB (653 words) - 08:27, 30 July 2020
barbellate bristles in 2 (–3) series (outer usually 1 mm or less, sometimes 0, inner 5–10 mm). x = 9. North America Species 10 (10 in the flora). Eucephalus
12 KB (637 words) - 21:48, 29 July 2020
fistulose, 0.3–4 (–10) dm, glabrous or lanate to tomentose or floccose. Leaves basal or sheathing up stem 0.5–4 dm; petiole 1–10 cm, glabrous or tomentose;
14 KB (1,118 words) - 10:38, 30 July 2020
winged, linear, oblong, or globular, dehiscence septicidal. Seeds many, in 2 rows per locule, irregular or flat, coat usually hexagonally reticulate. w
21 KB (685 words) - 05:34, 30 July 2020
parted, margins crenate. Inflorescences terminal, 1-10-flowered cymes or solitary flowers, to 30 cm; bracts leaflike, not forming involucre. Flowers bisexual
12 KB (514 words) - 08:29, 30 July 2020
Seed-cones compound, 1–10 in whorls at nodes of twigs; each compound cone sessile or on short to long peduncle, composed of 2–10 sets of overlapping, opposite
9 KB (479 words) - 00:34, 30 July 2020
often yellow, orange, or red-spotted; nectary disc present or not; stamens 10, (distinct); filaments linear and ± flattened (club-shaped in S. mertensiana);
21 KB (1,151 words) - 12:59, 30 July 2020
unknown plant Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Mentioned on page 3, 4, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 16, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 32, 33. Plants typically
16 KB (943 words) - 06:58, 30 July 2020
glandular-serrate to glandular-pectinate; stamens (5–) 10 (–20), anthers ivory, cream, or pink to pale-purple; styles 2–5. Pomes dull yellow to orange, ruddy, russet
16 KB (1,084 words) - 14:44, 30 July 2020
longer than 1 cm; pedicels usually longer than 3 mm, thinner than 0.5 mm. Spikelets pedicellate, subterete to weakly laterally compressed, with 2-10 florets;
22 KB (1,516 words) - 03:14, 30 July 2020
usually panicles (sometimes reduced to racemes), 5-40 cm, exceeding the upper leaves, exserted. Spikelets 4-10 (13) mm, laterally compressed, with 4-11 (16) florets
11 KB (976 words) - 04:34, 30 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 397. Mentioned on page 9, 10, 26, 32, 33, 38, 359, 360, 362, 386, 398, 405, 406, 411, 420. Plants in loose
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Cardamine rotundifolia, Cardamine rupicola, Cardamine umbellata Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 654. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 295. 1754. Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, Karol Marhold
23 KB (1,239 words) - 12:23, 30 July 2020
branches 1–2.2 mm, proximal 2/3–4/5 stigmatic, apices acute to rounded. Cypselae (3–) 3.5–7.5 mm; pappi usually coroniform or of 2–6, unequal scales, 0.1–2.5 mm
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epicalyx bractlets, if present, 5 (10 in G. glaciale); hypanthium saucer-shaped to cupshaped, 2–6 mm; sepals 5 (–10 in G. glaciale), erect to erect-spreading
22 KB (1,259 words) - 14:34, 30 July 2020
campanulate or funnelform to nearly salverform with recurved tepals, 1–6.5 × 0.6–10 cm; outer tepals entire or fringed; inner tepals variously colored, never pure
25 KB (1,748 words) - 09:25, 30 July 2020
Hibiscus (species 1), sect. Bombicella de Candolle (species 2–6), sect. Furcaria de Candolle (species 7–10), sect. Lilibiscus Hochreutiner (species 11 and 12)
20 KB (1,253 words) - 11:27, 30 July 2020
21. Treatment on page 93. Mentioned on page 65, 95, 100. Perennials, 10–45 (–100) cm (taproots slender or massive, thick or thin-barked; caudices unbranched
13 KB (768 words) - 23:05, 29 July 2020
usually inconspicuously calloused and sparsely short-hairy; pappi 0 or of 1–2 (–6) equal or subequal, smooth, antrorsely barbellulate, or subplumose bristles
11 KB (583 words) - 23:49, 29 July 2020
foliaceous bracts, (6–) 40–100+ in ± corymbiform to paniculiform arrays (6–) 10–25+ cm diam. Involucres ± campanulate to obconic or hemispheric, 3–8 (–11+) mm
13 KB (807 words) - 20:05, 29 July 2020
papery, 2-veined, obscurely keeled; anthers 3; lodicules sometimes present, truncate, vascularized; styles 2, plumose. Caryopses rarely produced, x = 10. Conn
15 KB (1,152 words) - 04:46, 30 July 2020
to persistent basal rosettes, (0.5–) 2–7 (–10) dm, lengths (1.5–) 2–4 times basal leaves. Leaves: basal sometimes 2-ranked; cauline (0–) 1–4 (–5); primary
18 KB (1,044 words) - 13:56, 30 July 2020
pistil 5–10-carpellate; ovary inferior, 5-locular or 10-locular; stigma capitate. Fruits drupaceous, ovoid to globose, fleshy. Seeds (pyrenes) 10, ellipsoid;
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conic; carpels 10–80, glabrous, styles subbasal, fusiform, medially rough-thickened; ovule 1. Fruits aggregated achenes, individually deciduous, 10–80 or less
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Mont., Nev., Oreg., Utah, Wash., Wyo., Mexico (probably extinct) Varieties 10 (10 in the flora). Eriophyllum lanatum is a polyploid complex of intergrading
11 KB (916 words) - 23:56, 29 July 2020
culm, 10–150 mm, shorter than or exceeding spikelets, glabrous or ciliate. Spikelets: scales 3–10+, each subtending flower, distichous, proximal 2–4 scales
13 KB (648 words) - 01:45, 30 July 2020
and channeled, not septate. Inflorescences terminal panicles or racemes of 2–many heads or single terminal head, sympodial; bracteoles absent below perianth
9 KB (398 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
Leaves: petiole 5–10 mm; blade bright green, slightly glaucous to strongly gray-glaucous, shiny or dull, elliptic to ovate, 2–4.5 × 1–2.5 cm, base cuneate
9 KB (736 words) - 13:15, 30 July 2020
orbiculate to spatulate scales. x = 17. North America, Mexico Species 11 (10 in the flora). My treatment of Hymenopappus is essentially an adaptation of
9 KB (558 words) - 23:45, 29 July 2020
only under pressure. Spikelets 10-25 (40) mm, usually 1-3 times the length of the internodes, appressed to ascending, with 2-9 florets, the distal florets
16 KB (1,599 words) - 02:57, 30 July 2020
66, 67. Annuals or perennials [shrubs, trees], 7–15+ cm (Verbesina nana) or 30–200 (–400) [–2500+] cm. Stems usually erect, usually branched (internodes
12 KB (721 words) - 23:07, 29 July 2020
lanceolate. Flowers actinomorphic or zygomorphic; tepals 6, persistent, ± equal in 2 whorls of 3, distinct, violet, blue, or white, each 3–9-veined, lanceolate
9 KB (519 words) - 05:59, 30 July 2020
(–50) × 4–10 (–15) mm, apex acute to acuminate. Pedicels erect, not bent in fruit, usually 5–15 mm. Flowers: calyx 3–6 × 3–6 mm; petals connate 1–2.5 mm, pale
10 KB (763 words) - 13:01, 30 July 2020
1.8–12 (–20) cm, firm or flaccid; tubercles distinct, not confluent into ribs, pyramidal, conic, or cylindric, 3–25 × 2–9 mm; areoles of 2 kinds: vegetative
18 KB (1,104 words) - 09:27, 30 July 2020
poorly developed, segments with narrow linear to ovate perforations. Spores 10–40 µm, finely papillose (sometimes smooth in P. cyclophyllum), yellow, green
11 KB (764 words) - 07:38, 30 July 2020
page 365. Mentioned on page 19, 182, 361, 362, 372, 382, 466. Perennials, 10–120 cm (rhizomes long and slender to short and thick, sometimes cormoid, often
20 KB (1,017 words) - 22:19, 29 July 2020
patch-forming from rhizomes in C. socialis). Leaves simple. Leaf-blade 1-pinnate or 2-pinnate, ternate, or finely dissected; ultimate divisions lobed or unlobed
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leaves in capitate glomerules). Involucre ± actinomorphic, not spurred; glands (2–) 4, slightly concave, flat, or slightly convex; appendages petaloid or absent
36 KB (819 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
cross-section, 2.5–8 × 1.2–3.5 mm, 2–2.5 times as long as wide, dull, base rounded, apex tapering to beak, glabrous or pubescent; beak straight, 0.2–2 mm, emarginate
13 KB (709 words) - 02:14, 30 July 2020
translucent, veinless); ovules 10–86 [–110] per ovary; style obsolete or distinct; stigma capitate, (sometimes slightly 2-lobed). Seeds uniseriate, flattened
15 KB (974 words) - 12:07, 30 July 2020
nectaries as scales at base of carpels; stamens as many as sepals or 2 times as many and in 2 series, antipetalous if in 1 series, free or adnate to corolla
18 KB (1,028 words) - 12:59, 30 July 2020
from 1/2 as long as to almost equaling the lemmas, keels usually ciliate; lodicules fused into a single, collarlike structure extending 1/2 - 2/3 around
16 KB (1,258 words) - 02:39, 30 July 2020
distal. Fruits capsular, globose to ovoid or obconic, shallowly 5-lobed or 10-lobed, tuberculate, dehiscence loculicidal. Seeds 400–1000, tan, irregularly
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Volume 28. Treatment on page 229. Mentioned on page 10, 216, 231, 239, 647, 659. Plants (1–) 2–5 (–10) cm, dense or open mats. Stems green or yellow-green
15 KB (750 words) - 07:41, 30 July 2020
241, 242. Perennials, (10–) 30–400 (–600+ in fruit) cm (sexual or apomictic); taprooted or with branched caudices. Stems (1–10+) erect or ascending, scapiform
28 KB (2,401 words) - 20:10, 29 July 2020
nodding, 3-merous; perianth hypogynous, campanulate or cupulate; tepals 6, in 2 similar whorls, distinct, nectaries present on all tepals, but better developed
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blackish green distally, yellowbrown to dark-brown proximally. Stems usually to 2 cm, occasionally branching; rounded-pentagonal in transverse-section, hyalodermis
26 KB (1,447 words) - 07:08, 30 July 2020
rarely glabrous; ligules usually pubescent or pilose, sometimes glabrous. > 10 10 Margins of the glumes and lemmas often bronze-tinged; ligules to 1.5 mm long;
11 KB (779 words) - 02:52, 30 July 2020
Sagittaria secundifolia, Sagittaria subulata, Sagittaria teres Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 993. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5; 429, 1754. Robert R. Haynes, C. Barre Hellquist
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page 11, 13, 17, 194, 351. Annuals, biennials, or perennials, 1–2 (–3) or (1–) 5–15 (–75+) cm (usually taprooted or developing ± woody caudices, sometimes
18 KB (845 words) - 15:31, 15 December 2020
Basionym: Gaura Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 347. 1753 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 10. Herbs annual, biennial, or perennial, caulescent; from a taproot, sometimes
12 KB (1,080 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
reduced; pistil 1, 2 (–3) -carpellate; ovary inferior, usually 2-locular proximally, 1-locular distally; placentation axile; ovules 1–2 per locule, pendulous;
14 KB (815 words) - 08:47, 30 July 2020
glandular, sometimes nearly eglandular. Flowers (10–) 12–18 (–22) mm diam.; hypanthium glabrous or pubescent; sepals (2.5–) 4–7 mm, margins denticulate to finely
14 KB (936 words) - 14:35, 30 July 2020
(stramineous) obconic, compressed, usually smooth or shallowly 1–10-ribbed, sometimes 2–10-ridged (ridges yellow to redbrown, clavate, translucent), faces
16 KB (980 words) - 21:51, 29 July 2020
Fern Gaz. 13: 118. 1986. Iván A. Valdespino Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Stems radially symmetric or upperside and underside structurally different
17 KB (719 words) - 00:22, 30 July 2020
not, claw often ± villous; stamens [10–] 14–20 [–44] in 2 or 3 series, usually slightly longer than petals; carpels 2–5, distinct, partially or wholly connate
21 KB (1,208 words) - 14:28, 30 July 2020
[yellow, yellowbrown, orange, or 2-colored]; nectary extrastaminal, annular and 5-lobed or of 5 glands; stamens [6–] 8 or 10 in 1–2 whorls, distinct or connate
14 KB (637 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
singly. Peduncles 1–10+ mm (bracts 0–3, transitional from distal leaves to phyllaries). Involucres subcylindric, 9–18 × 4–8 mm. Phyllaries 10–20 in 3–6 series
11 KB (730 words) - 21:17, 29 July 2020
faintly to prominently rugose or with transverse wavy ridges, 2.5–3.5 mm including 0.1–2 mm beak. Worldwide Species ca. 77 (17 in the flora). The species
18 KB (736 words) - 01:57, 30 July 2020
366. Mentioned on page 25, 359, 367, 376, 394, 395, 440. Plants usually 3–10 cm, occasionally longer. Stems usually simple, not tomentose or with dense reddish
16 KB (1,050 words) - 06:54, 30 July 2020
parts containing toxic alkaloids; roots contractile. Leaves usually fewer than 10, mostly basal, alternate, simple, distal ones reduced and grading into floral
13 KB (735 words) - 06:04, 30 July 2020
connate basally into tube, 2–16 cm; tepals subequal; stamens 6, of 2 different lengths, appearing equal or subequal (anthers in 2 overlapping sets of 3) to
12 KB (861 words) - 05:58, 30 July 2020
hemispheric, obconic, campanulate, or narrowly cylindric, 4–13 mm diam. Phyllaries 10–55 in 4–8 series, erect or recurved (green to purple), 1-nerved (flat), oblong
12 KB (729 words) - 20:57, 29 July 2020
papillate-swollen in proximal 1/5–1/2, 0.8–2.5 mm. Achenes ± smooth. North America, Eurasia, reportedly in s Australia Species ca. 30 (10 in the flora). The circumscription
14 KB (899 words) - 13:59, 30 July 2020
maroon, or purple; secondary branching fanlike, branches 3–10 (–22) cm, third internode 2–15 (–23) × 1–3.5 (–5) mm, dominant shoot 1–6 mm diam. at base
14 KB (1,109 words) - 18:24, 29 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 129. Mentioned on page 10, 119, 122, 130, 131, 658, 659, 662. Plants small to large, in open to dense
12 KB (668 words) - 07:35, 30 July 2020
Passiflora sexflora, Passiflora tarminiana, Passiflora tenuiloba Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 955. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 410. 1754. Douglas H. Goldman, John M. MacDougal
19 KB (1,406 words) - 11:20, 30 July 2020
faces, with 2 strong marginal veins, sometimes stipitate, narrowly lanceovoid to fusiform to oblong-ovoid, trigonous or rounded-trigonous, 2–10 mm, more than
18 KB (940 words) - 02:10, 30 July 2020
revolute. Inflorescences cymose, compact, often flat-topped, 0.5–6 (–12) × 1–10 (–13) cm; branches dichotomous, whitish-lanate to brownish or reddish-tomentose
15 KB (1,118 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
ovary 2–4-carpellate; ovules (1 or) 2–25 per ovary; styles distinct; stigmas 2–4, cylindrical to platelike, often rolled or convoluted, entire or 2-lobed
32 KB (2,739 words) - 12:04, 30 July 2020
ovate to elliptic-oblong, leathery, 10-cm leaves; and paired axillary, globose, warty, rusty-pubescent syconia 1 cm in diameter. Vernacular names include
8 KB (474 words) - 08:43, 30 July 2020
not more than 2 mm wide. Inflorescences simple or compound anthelae, rarely capitate; spikelets 1–80+, rarely single; involucral-bracts 2–5, spreading or
13 KB (547 words) - 01:31, 30 July 2020
sepals; stamens 10 (ca. 8 in A. livermorensis), arising from base of ovary; filaments distinct; staminodes absent; styles 3, filiform, 0.5–2 mm, glabrous
12 KB (698 words) - 10:04, 30 July 2020
20–55, pistillate, fertile; corollas (usually marcescent) yellow. Disc-florets 10–20 or 40–100+, bisexual, fertile; corollas yellow (hairy), tubes shorter than
7 KB (599 words) - 22:38, 29 July 2020
Phyllaries 5–21+ in 1–2 (–3) series (subequal to unequal). Receptacles convex to ± flat, pitted and/or knobby, usually epaleate (paleae 3–10+ in C. carphoclinia)
11 KB (947 words) - 22:31, 29 July 2020
entire or glandular-serrate; stamens (5–) 10–20, anthers rose, pink-purple, cream, white, or yellow; styles 2–5. Pomes red, yellow, orange, scarlet, or
12 KB (864 words) - 14:39, 30 July 2020
Pedicels straight in fruit, 0.4–6 (–10) cm, proximal often longer than distal. Flowers 5-merous; hypanthium (1.8–) 2.5–7 mm diam.; petals pale-yellow to
21 KB (1,382 words) - 14:01, 30 July 2020
falcate bracteoles absent. Flowers: post-mature petals pale paper brown; stamens 10 or 20, anthers red, pink, purple, sometimes white, ivory, or cream. Pomes
6 KB (606 words) - 14:37, 30 July 2020
recurved, 1-year old shiny, dark-brown to black, stout to slender, 2.5–6 cm. Leaves: petiole 1–3 cm, length 30–60% blade, glabrous, sessile-glandular or eglandular;
13 KB (959 words) - 14:41, 30 July 2020
1.3–2.4 cm; anthers pale-yellow, 5–12 mm; ovary 1.2–2.9 cm, neck constricted, 3.5–8.5 (–10) mm. Capsules pedicellate, oblong to ovoid, 1–2.5 cm, apex
7 KB (560 words) - 06:13, 30 July 2020
septicidal, opening in distal 1/2, margins ciliate, sometimes glabrous or short-ciliate (E. salisburgensis). Seeds 10–18, grayish, fusiform, wings absent
17 KB (854 words) - 19:26, 29 July 2020
Pectis prostrata, Pectis rusbyi, Pectis ×floridana Linnaeus Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 1221. 1759. David J. Keil Etymology: Greek pecten, comb, alluding to ciliate
14 KB (1,174 words) - 23:30, 29 July 2020
reflexed, sometimes spreading, or erose, nonaccrescent; pyrenes 2–5. se United States Species 10 (10 in the flora). Series Pulcherrimae has a southern limit along
15 KB (1,064 words) - 14:43, 30 July 2020
opposite or whorled bracts. Involucre ± actinomorphic, not spurred; glands [0–] (2–) 5, slightly concave, flat, or slightly convex; appendages usually petaloid
16 KB (581 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
12, 14, 89, 425, 438. Annuals, biennials, perennials, or subshrubs, 15–250+ cm (taprooted, rhizomatous in G. oölepis). Stems (1–6+) usually erect, sometimes
23 KB (1,525 words) - 22:29, 29 July 2020
wide; petioles ciliate proximally > 10 10 Stems usually branching proximally; leaves monomorphic, blades 2-18 × 0.5-3 cm, margins eciliolate or ciliolate
18 KB (899 words) - 13:07, 30 July 2020
fleshy. Stems (1–) 2–20+, prostrate or pendent to erect, green, grayish, or reddish. Leaves winter-marcescent, primarily basal, cauline 0–10 (–15), well developed
19 KB (1,253 words) - 14:03, 30 July 2020
root, unbranched, elongation delayed 2-10 weeks after leaf initiation; base usually not narrowed, firmly attached to root; proximal internodes much shorter
7 KB (525 words) - 08:42, 30 July 2020
staminate spikelets, hyaline, unawned or with a straight awn of less than 10 mm. x = 10. Minn., Conn., N.J., N.Y., Fla., Pa., Wash., Va., W.Va., Del., D.C, Wis
13 KB (1,172 words) - 04:27, 30 July 2020
bearing spikelets abaxially, in 2 rows, usually in unequally pedicellate groups of 2-5, occasionally borne singly. Spikelets 1.2-8.2 mm, lanceoloid to ellipsoid
23 KB (1,318 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
to exostome, segments with narrowly to broadly ovate perforations. Spores 10–50 µm, finely to strongly papillose, yellow, green, brown, or black. North
12 KB (762 words) - 07:37, 30 July 2020
Aristolochia tomentosa, Aristolochia watsonii, Aristolochia wrightii Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 960. 175. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 410. 1754. Kerry Barringer, Alan T. Whittemore
10 KB (491 words) - 08:21, 30 July 2020
on page 516, 525, 526, 531, 532, 549, 606, 607, 628, 629. Shrubs or trees, 10–100 dm, main trunk dominant (more commonly in taller plants). Stems: trunk
13 KB (1,053 words) - 14:38, 30 July 2020
0.2–2 (–3) dm, lengths 1–3 (–5) times basal leaves. Leaves: basal not in ranks; cauline 0–2; primary leaves ternate or palmate, (1–) 2–10 (–18) cm; petiole:
12 KB (863 words) - 13:59, 30 July 2020
reputed astringent property to cure wounds Treatment appears in FNA Volume 10. Herbs, sometimes suffrutescent; caudices relatively short and woody when
15 KB (925 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
1834 (as Lithofragma); Pleurendotria Rafinesque, name rejected Species 10 (10 in the flora). None. Lithophragma affine, Lithophragma bolanderi, Lithophragma
11 KB (517 words) - 12:55, 30 July 2020
foliaceous bracts; sepals 2 or 3, unarmed or prickly, each with erect, subterminal, hollow horn tipped with prickle; petals 6, in 2 whorls of 3; stamens 20-250
14 KB (554 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
Involucres campanulate to obconic, 2–7 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 8–13 (–22) in ± 2 series (strongly connate 2/3–7/8+ their lengths, seldom with outer
11 KB (587 words) - 23:33, 29 July 2020
erect, sometimes caudiciform, short to branching, elongate. Leaves alternate, 2-ranked, equitant; blade mostly linear to filiform, flattened to nearly terete
16 KB (658 words) - 00:56, 30 July 2020
deciduous calyptra covering stamens in flower bud Treatment appears in FNA Volume 10. Trees or shrubs, usually erect, glabrous or pubescent, hairs simple; bark
12 KB (633 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
compressed, in 1-2 (4) rows, with 2 florets, lower or upper glumes adjacent to the branch axes. Glumes not saccate basally; lower glumes usually 1/5 – 2/3 as long
18 KB (1,245 words) - 04:10, 30 July 2020
distinct; petals 0; nectary absent [present]; stamens 2–6 (–10) [–25], distinct or connate basally (connate 1/2 length in T. nigricans); pistillode present [absent]
14 KB (615 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
or absent. Pollen cones with 4–10 pairs of sporophylls, each sporophyll with 3–10 pollen-sacs. Seed-cones maturing in 1–2 years, generally persisting closed
8 KB (582 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
Volume 3. Woody vines (erect, herbaceous perennials in C. recta). Leaf-blade 1-2-pinnate; leaflets lobed or unlobed, margins entire or toothed. Inflorescences
8 KB (418 words) - 08:38, 30 July 2020
or yellow); ovary 1/2 inferior, carpels completely connate, 1-locular; placentation parietal; styles 2; stigmas 2 (–3). Capsules 2-beaked. Seeds dark-brown
26 KB (1,593 words) - 12:56, 30 July 2020
twisted or curled, 0.1–10 cm, mostly tomentose; blade oblanceolate to elliptic or spatulate to rounded, 0.2–6 × (0.1–) 0.2–1.5 cm, lanate to tomentose or
13 KB (1,117 words) - 10:39, 30 July 2020
1/5 or less, (1.5–) 2–3.5 mm. Achenes smooth to faintly rugose (± rugose in P. basaltica). w North America, c Mexico Species 11 (10 in the flora). Section
18 KB (1,094 words) - 13:58, 30 July 2020
size of mature, dry megaspores are usually required for identification. A 10× hand lens will adequately resolve megaspore textures of some species, but
15 KB (1,109 words) - 00:22, 30 July 2020
obconic, or fusiform (basal callosities knoblike), apices truncate, ribs 10–15, smooth or scabrous (white-villous on marginal cypselae in some species);
15 KB (826 words) - 20:23, 29 July 2020
tufts, glaucous to whitish or yellowish. Stems 0.5–10 (–16) cm, erect to inclined or procumbent, simple, 2-fid, or with subfloral whorl of branches; pentagonal
12 KB (605 words) - 07:34, 30 July 2020
(tips glabrous or hairy). Cypselae columnar or obovoid to obconic, ribs 2–3 or 5–10, faces glabrous or gland-dotted (pericarps with myxogenic cells only in
9 KB (565 words) - 20:44, 29 July 2020
page 390. Plants annual or perennial; with or without rhizomes. Culms 10-460 cm, prostrate, decumbent or erect, distal portions sometimes floating, sometimes
20 KB (1,801 words) - 03:59, 30 July 2020
appendages, spine-tipped or spineless. Receptacles flat, epaleate, bristly. Florets 10–many; outer usually sterile, corollas slender and inconspicuous to much expanded
21 KB (1,712 words) - 15:30, 15 December 2020
Oenothera subg. Anogra (Spach) Reichenbach Treatment appears in FNA Volume 10. Herbs winter-annual or perennial, caulescent; from a taproot, sometimes lateral
11 KB (948 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
cespitose, 10–45 cm. Roots coarse. Stems 10–25 cm; sheaths 2–3, loose, inflated. Leaves: petiole 1–4 cm; blade narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate, 10–20 × 2.5–10
7 KB (564 words) - 05:29, 30 July 2020
flower, referring to the marginal sporangia Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants
22 KB (1,068 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
Treatment on page 223. Mentioned on page 10, 186, 216, 222, 224, 225, 243, 658, 659. Plants (0.5–) 2–4 (–8) cm, in open to compact tufts or mats. Stems
13 KB (645 words) - 07:41, 30 July 2020
flat-topped and flush with soil surface], (0–) 10–150 (–300) × 7.5–80 (–100) cm, glabrous; ribs [8–] 10–32 (–40), very prominent, rib crests straight or
14 KB (948 words) - 09:26, 30 July 2020
turbinate to elliptic or cylindric, sometimes ± flattened to 4–5-angled, often 5–10-ribbed, faces glabrous or densely hairy, sometimes glandular; pappi persistent
12 KB (864 words) - 21:46, 29 July 2020
other "core" groups of traditional Helenieae Genera 5, species 28 (1 genus, 10 species in the flora). H. Robinson (1981) suggested that Hymenopappinae is
7 KB (510 words) - 23:45, 29 July 2020
Leaves borne singly, spreading in all directions from twigs, persisting to 10 years, mostly 4-angled and square in cross-section (to triangular or ± flattened)
9 KB (446 words) - 15:28, 15 December 2020
Mentioned on page 3, 5, 415, 416. Annuals, perennials, or subshrubs, 10–80+ cm (sometimes rhizomatous). Stems usually erect, usually branched (from bases
12 KB (725 words) - 22:34, 29 July 2020
Leaves monomorphic to somewhat dimorphic, clustered to widely scattered, 2–100 cm. Petiole brown, black, straw-colored, or gray, rounded, flattened or with
15 KB (692 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
hairy to glabrate except on veins, adaxial hairy young. Inflorescences (5–) 10–20-flowered, convex panicles, arising subterminally from woody shorts shoots
16 KB (1,227 words) - 14:40, 30 July 2020
longer than the lemmas; lodicules 2, without venation, usually ciliate; anthers 3; ovaries with hairy apices; styles 2, bases free. Caryopses ovoid to fusiform
19 KB (1,548 words) - 02:55, 30 July 2020
wyomingensis Bentham in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle Prodr. 10: 454. 1846. Larry D. Hufford Common names: Kittentail Etymology: Greek syn
15 KB (823 words) - 19:22, 29 July 2020
flattened; hila punctate, basal; embryos about Yi as long as the caryopses. x = 10. Ala., Ark., Ariz., Kans., Miss., N.Mex., Okla., Pacific Islands (Hawaii)
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club-shaped hairs; filaments ca. 10 mm; anthers purplish brown, oblong, 4–10 mm. Capsules erect, lanceoloid-linear, angled, 6–9 cm, apex acuminate. Seeds light
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E. Freire and L. Iharlegui 1997) or about 80 species (Cabrera 1977+, part 10), all native to the Americas. Most are known only from South America; some
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sparsely hairy, hairs 0.2-0.8 mm, apices prow-shaped, sometimes narrowly prow-shaped, flag leaf-blades 1.5-10 cm. Panicles 2-18 (20) cm, loosely contracted
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Volume 3. Roots 2-9-branched at least 1 cm from stem attachment, (5-) 10-30 (-40) cm, diffuse-fibrous, ± braided, dry; buds minute. Stems 1 (-2) per root, usually
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glabrous; sepals triangular, length 1/2 petal, margins usually subentire, sometimes entire, rarely glandular-serrate; stamens (10) 20, anthers white to pink or
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Treatment on page 515. Plants annual or perennial; habit various. Culms 3-800 cm, not woody, sometimes branching above the base; internodes solid or hollow
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oblong-lanceolate, or lanceolate-ovate, 4–10 mm; petals white, obovate, oblong, or obovate-cuneate, 4.5–10 mm, 1.6–1.8 times as long as wide, 0.5–1.1
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depressed-spheric, 2–15 × 1–15 cm; tubercles distinct, not confluent into ribs, pyramidal, conic, truncate-conic, cylindroid, or mammillate, 2–10 mm; areoles
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triangular, 3–10 cm; lateral branches (7–) 10–36, horizontal to slightly ascending, comprising distal 1/2 of inflorescence, longer than 10 cm. Flowers 27–48
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node; petiole 0.2–2 (–4) cm, tomentose to floccose; blade linear, oblanceolate, or spatulate to elliptic, (0.2–) 1–10 (–12) × 0.1–0.9 (–1.2) cm, densely tomentose
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1–3 times bifurcate; cincinni 2–3, 2–10 (–18) -flowered, scarcely circinate, 3–15 cm; floral shoots 2–25 × 0.1–0.4 (–0.6) cm; leaves 5–20, ascending, triangular-lanceolate
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shorter than achene body. Widespread except lowland tropics Species ca. 25 (10 in the flora). The species of Ranunculus sect. Flammula are distinctive and
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or cream, actinomorphic, ± equal. Cypselae ± terete; pappi of (8–) 10–20 scales in 2–4 equal or gradually unequal series. x = 6. w North America, nw Mexico
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perennial; cespitose or soboliferous, sometimes rhizomatous. Culms 10-140 (150) cm, erect, usually glabrous, usually smooth; nodes 1-6; branching intra
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narrowly oblanceolate or linear-oblong (usually 10-nerved, glabrous); pappi usually 0, sometimes persistent, of 2–4 hyaline scales, or coroniform (of connate
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Bulbs seldom clustered, globose, 1–5 cm diam. Leaves usually fewer than 10, 1–6 dm × 4–20 mm. Inflorescences 20–80 cm; sterile bracts absent, bracts subtending
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cross-section when young, adaxial side of blades with 2 lateral-veins more prominent than midvein, leaves often over 10 mm wide, cauline leaves sometimes bladeless
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on page 388. Mentioned on page 364, 365, 392. Annuals or perennials, 10–80 (–150+) cm. Stems erect, branched (mostly distally). Leaves cauline; opposite
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shastense, Polygonum spergulariiforme, Polygonum tenue, Polygonum utahense "/2" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.window.p
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margins glandular-serrate; stamens 10 or 20 (12–15), anthers pink to purple, sometimes ivory or cream; styles (2 or) 3–5. Pomes orange-red to red, sometimes
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isodiametric, 6–24 µm, papillose only over lumina, papillae 1–4 per cell, conic or 2-fid; marginal cells gradually shorter than basal. Sexual condition gonioautoicous
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Aerial shoots 10-70 cm, from caudices, caudices ascending to vertical. Basal leaves 3-6 (-10), 1-2-ternate; petiole (2-) 4-10 (-14) cm; terminal leaflet
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510, 511, 512, 513, 530. Plants 20–80 cm. Leaves: basal 0–10, blade lanceolate, 20–120 x 10–60 mm, 1-pinnatifid or 2-pinnatifid, margins of adjacent lobes
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commonly 10-keeled limb, limb with 10 saccate pockets in which anthers held under tension, absent in K. buxifolia, K. procumbens); stamens 10 (5 in K.
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persistent basal rosettes, 0.2–1.5 (–2.7) dm, lengths 1/2–3 (–4) times basal leaves. Leaves: basal not in ranks; cauline 0–2; primary leaves palmate to subpalmate
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(acropetally septicidal in R. columbianum, R. groenlandicum, R. tomentosum). Seeds (10–) 100+, flattened-ellipsoidal to fusiform, often tailed, ± winged; testa smooth
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fleshy in fruit. Pedicels present. Flowers bisexual; hypanthium hemispheric, 2–3 mm wide; sepals 5, spreading, brown to greenish, ovate-triangular to triangular
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green to yellowish, 10–16 µm, spheric, smooth or finely papillose. Circumboreal, disjunct to the Southern Hemisphere Genera 2, species 4 (2 genera, 4 species
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274, 303, 304, 310. Herbs, perennial, 0.2–4 (–8) dm; rhizomatous, often forming woody stock. Stems 1–6 (–10), decumbent to ascending or erect, usually
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Oenothera [unranked] Calylophus (Spach) Torrey & A. Gray Treatment appears in FNA Volume 10. Herbs perennial, rarely annual, sometimes suffrutescent, caulescent; from
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Saussurea weberi de Candolle Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 16: 156, 196, plates 10–13. 1810. David J. Keil Common names: Saw-wort Etymology: For Nicolas Théodore
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glabrous (or glandular in var. prolifera); petals white, oblong, 5–8 (–10) mm, 1.5–2 times as long as sepals, apex entire to slightly emarginate; nectaries
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with evident midnerves plus sometimes 1–2 pairs of smaller, collateral nerves, linear to lanceolate, 10–75 × 0.5–10 mm, flat or sulcate, often twisted, margins
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9 9 Leaf blades 10–20 cm; inflorescences paniculate; petals 5–8 mm; styles 8–10-branched. Abutilon mollicomum 9 Leaf blades 2.5–6.5 cm; inflorescences
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in 3–10+ series, fertile; corollas creamy white, whitish, yellowish, pinkish, lavender, purplish, or rosy. Inner (functionally staminate) florets 2–40+;
14 KB (712 words) - 20:43, 29 July 2020
barbellate, apically attenuate bristles in 2 (–3) series. x = 6. sw United States, Mexico Species 16 (10 in the flora). Isocoma is recognized by its subshrubby
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involucral-bracts 2 (-3), (1-) 2-tiered, ternate, ±similar to basal leaves, bases distinct; terminal leaflet ±sessile, elliptic to oblanceolate, 2-10 (-12) cm (2 cm in
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elliptic, 1.9–4.5 (–6.5) × 0.5–2 (–3) cm, margins entire, surfaces sparsely glandular. Racemes (dense) 5–20 cm (10–30 cm in fruit); bracts unifoliate, lanceolate
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conic, without pedicel-like projections; bracts persistent, not accrescent, 5–10, distinct, forming involucre, lanceolate to broadly ovate, thinly papery or
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rounded) compound, corymbiform arrays. Involucres cylindric, 2.5–7 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 10–22 in 5–6 series, (pale-pink to purple, rarely white, tightly
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7, 33, 38, 41. Annuals, perennials, or subshrubs [treelets], 10–120 (–300+) [–1200+] cm. Leaves cauline; opposite; petiolate or sessile; blades mostly
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attachment point round; blade terete, semiterete, or narrowly planate, 1–3 (10–20 in P. aurantiacus) mm wide, succulent (semisucculent in P. aurantiacus
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Culms 1–40 cm × 0.2–1.2 mm, spongy, transverse septa incomplete. Spikelets ovoid to subcylindric, terete, much wider than their culms, 2–9 mm; rachilla
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membranous; blades M-shaped in cross-section when young, adaxial side of blade with 2 lateral-veins more prominent than midvein, widest blades not more than 6 mm
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Volume 21. Treatment on page 456. Mentioned on page 7. Perennials, (10–) 20–80 (–120) cm. Leaves mostly basal and/or cauline; alternate; petiolate or sessile;
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1.5-2 mm wide; panicles obovoid, branches sometimes verticillate Bromus scoparius 14 Lemmas 3-5 mm wide; panicles usually ovoid Bromus hordeaceus 10 At
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396. Mentioned on page 5, 255, 364, 365, 366. Annuals or perennials, 5–150 cm. Stems erect, simple or branched (aerial shoots often from subterranean caudices)
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Dried fronds must be boiled first in 70% ethanol and treated afterwards with 10% NaOCl to clear them. Preserving them in ethanol, however, removes pigments
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linear, proximal 10–20 × 1–2 cm, distal 3–8 × 1–2 cm; peduncle scapelike, 0.3–2.5 m, 1–2 cm diam. Flowers pendent, 3–5.5 (–6.5) cm; perianth campanulate
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Capsules cylindric, dehiscence valvate or operculate and lid opening as 5 (–10+) toothlike segments. Seeds 50–200, dark-brown to black, globose to ovoid
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crowded). Involucres cylindro-turbinate to hemispheric, (3.8–6.5 ×) 2–10 mm. Phyllaries 10–50 in 2–6 series, midnerves not evident or indurate, elliptic to linear-lanceolate
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Calyculi of 3–10+, deltate to lanceolate bractlets in 2–3 series (sometimes intergrading with phyllaries). Involucres campanulate to cylindric, 2–5 [–8+] mm
10 KB (574 words) - 20:12, 29 July 2020
Volume 3. Aerial shoots 7-60 cm, from caudices, caudices ascending to vertical. Basal leaves 3-10, ternate; petiole (2-) 4-20 cm; terminal leaflet ±sessile
11 KB (701 words) - 08:32, 30 July 2020
Treatment on page 113. Mentioned on page 112, 116. Plants 5–80 cm; caudices branching. Stems 1–10+, ascending to erect, proximally glabrous, strigose in arrays
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usually glabrous. Ray-florets 10–15; laminae elliptic to oblanceolate, 15–25 × 3–6 mm, abaxially strigose. Discs 12–16 × 10–18 mm. Disc-florets 50–500+; corollas
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callous-tipped), (apices acute to acuminate) faces glabrous. Heads radiate, (10–100+) in leafy, corymbiform or paniculiform arrays. (Peduncles bracteate or
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5–15 cm; lateral branches 15–35, horizontal to slightly ascending, comprising distal 1/3–1/2 of inflorescence, longer than 10 cm. Flowers erect, 7–10.5 cm;
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Hastings authored the accounts for species 1–8, 10, 11, 13–16, 18, and 20–24, Greven those for species 10, 13, 18, 20, 25–43. Both authors together wrote
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slender-lanceolate to filiform, cilia well developed to short and rudimentary. Spores 10–28 µm, papillose. North America, Eurasia, Atlantic Islands (Iceland) Species
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arrangement: terminal pleiochasia with (1–) 2–17 primary branches; individual pleiochasial branches unbranched or 2–4 branched at 1 or more successive nodes;
19 KB (827 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
Alan R. Smith Common names: Polypody Family Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Treatment on page 312. Plants perennial, terrestrial, on rock, or often epiphytic
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Acnida, Amaranthus subg. Albersia, Amaranthus subg. Amaranthus Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 989. 1753. , Gen. Pl., ed. 5, 427. 1754. Sergei L. Mosyakin, Kenneth R. Robertson
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fertile; corollas (pale-yellow) funnelform. North America, nw Mexico Species 10 (10 in the flora). Difficulty in classification of Artemisia subg. Tridentatae
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urceolate, 2–13+ mm diam. Phyllaries falling, 3–35 in 1 series (± lanceolate to lance-attenuate or oblanceolate, herbaceous, each usually 1/2 enveloping
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or perennial [rarely subshrubs], deciduous, stems 1–2 cm (except also caulescent stems to 8 (–20) cm in D. intermedia), usually forming overwintering buds
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Involucres turbinate-campanulate, 7–21 × 8–12 mm. Phyllaries 10–16, lanceolate or oblong, 8–10 mm, (bases keeled and thickened, margins scarious) apices usually
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Sphaerostigma (Seringe) Fischer & C. A. Meyer Treatment appears in FNA Volume 10. Herbs, annual, caulescent; with a taproot. Stems erect, decumbent, or ascending
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hypanthium; stamens (rarely 4–) 5; ovary superior, (2–) 3-locular; style 1. Fruits drupes; stones 2–3 (–4), indehiscent but open at base. Seeds obovoid
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Association Plants to 18 cm (excluding inflorescence). Leaves: blade 8–15 × 1–2.5 cm. Inflorescences 1–2, to 12 cm; bracts 3–10 mm. Flowers cream to pale
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or pale-yellow; stigmas (4–) 6 or 7 (–10). Schizocarps 4–7 mm diam.; mericarps usually (4–) 6 or 7 (–10), (1.5–) 2–2.5 mm, glabrous, sides usually smooth
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appressed-reflexed, spreading, or erect, lanceolate or ovatelanceolate, 10–25 × 2–5 mm, margins (outer) often deeply pinnatifid, abaxial surfaces glabrous
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green distally, yellowbrown to brown proximally. Stems short or reaching 2 cm or more, simple or sometimes with a few branches; rhizoids at base, smoth
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Annuals, biennials, or perennials (subshrubs in D. canescens var. ziegleri), 10–100 cm; taprooted. Stems erect to ascending, much branched (when well developed)
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3-ribbed, 1.8–2.7 (–3.4) × (1–) 1.5–1.8 (–2.4) mm, apex acute or subacute. Flowers: anthers (1–) 1.2–1.5 (–2.1) mm; styles (0.7–) 1–1.2 (–2.2) mm; stigmas
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subulate to setiform scales. x = 30. w North America, nw Mexico Species 10 (10 in the flora). Strother, J. L. 1974. Taxonomy of Tetradymia (Compositae:
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to 12 cm (excluding inflorescence). Leaves semiterete 3–10 × 0.4–1 cm. Inflorescences 1–4, erect, to 50 cm, side branches few or none, to 4.5 cm; bracts
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Mentioned on page 26, 385, 388, 465, 470. Annuals, 0.5–10 (–20) cm. Stems 0, or 1, ± erect, or 2–10, ascending-erect to prostrate. Leaves basal or cauline;
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page 8, 9, 13, 87, 89, 94, 95, 437. Annuals, perennials, or subshrubs, 10–150 (–200) cm (taprooted). Stems erect to ascending, usually branched, glabrous or
13 KB (837 words) - 21:29, 29 July 2020
3–) 1.8–3.1 (–4.6) mm; petals linear, elliptic, or oblong, (4–) 6–10.2 (–15) × (1.8–) 2.6–4 (–5.3) mm; stamens (15–) 19–21 (–28); styles (3–) 5 (or 6), (1
10 KB (925 words) - 13:48, 30 July 2020
coriaceous, persistent and gradually deteriorating, dehiscence loculicidal. Seeds 10+ per locule, rusty brown, fusiform, sometimes caudate. x = 13. w, se North
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intravaginales" or "intravaginal scales" in the literature. Genera 17, species ca. 76 (10 genera, 14 species in the flora). Ancibor, E. 1979. Systematic anatomy of
11 KB (422 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
racemes, 1–3 cm, staminate flowers 10–20, pistillate flowers 1–4. Pedicels: staminate 0.8–2 mm, pistillate 0–5 mm. Staminate flowers: sepals 5, 0.8–1.2 mm, abaxial
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406. Mentioned on page 7, 19, 394. Perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, 10–80 (–150) cm (taproots woody, branched, caudices persistent). Stems (often white-barked)
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numbers of 2n = 18, 24, 26, 36, 40, 50, 52, 56, 58, 78, 80, 84, 86, 90, 92, and 96 have been reported for Scrophularia. Base chromosome numbers 7, 9, 10, 12,
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funnel-shaped; sepals narrowly lanceolate-ovate, lanceolate, or linear-lanceolate, 4–10 mm (glabrous or ciliate); petals white, yellow, or yellow with white-tips
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on page 527, 528, 530, 558, 561, 563, 564, 568, 570, 617. Shrubs or trees, (10–) 20–70 (–80) dm, main trunk dominant. Stems: trunk bark buff to gray-brown
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clustered along branches or in paniculiform arrays. Peduncles 2–10 mm (along branches), or 10–40 mm (in paniculiform arrays). Calyculi of appressed or reflexed
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272, 301, 304. Herbs, perennial, acaulescent, 0.2–2.8 dm; short-rhizomatous, stoloniferous. Stems 1–10 (crowns), procumbent, sympodially branched, stolons
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ser. Stubbia Rostański Onosuris rafinesque Treatment appears in FNA Volume 10. Herbs usually facultatively biennial or short-lived perennial, rarely annual;
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hairy. Heads radiate, borne singly or (2–15+) in corymbiform arrays. Involucres campanulate to hemispheric or broader, 10–50 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent
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sometimes single and widely spaced, sometimes stoloniferous. Culms (8) 10-120 (130) cm, erect or decumbent, glabrous and smooth. Sheaths closed for about 3/4
17 KB (1,582 words) - 03:09, 30 July 2020
Mentioned on page 222. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, 10–120 [–200+] cm. Stems erect, usually strictly branched. Leaves cauline; opposite or
8 KB (535 words) - 23:32, 29 July 2020
few, of 10–15 (–40) cells, filiform, with fusiform tips; archegonia 1–6 per perichaetium, ca. 1–2 mm; antheridia 5–40 per perigonium, ca. 1–2 mm. Capsule
8 KB (479 words) - 06:46, 30 July 2020
Rhamphocarya of se Asia) from 1st-year, sometimes 2d-year twigs, sessile or pedunculate; stamens 3-10 (-15) per flower, with or without hairs. Pistillate
16 KB (713 words) - 08:48, 30 July 2020
after flowering, 1–10 mm, exterior hairy, eglandular; sepals (3–) 5, erect to reflexed, broadly to narrowly deltate; petals 0; stamens 10–61; torus absent;
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Herbs, to 30 cm. Leaves to 35 cm; sheath 2–5 cm; blade 15–30 cm × 0.9–3.1 mm. Inflorescences axillary or sessile, the axillary scapose, 0.3–4 cm × 1.5–8 mm;
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on page 199. Mentioned on page 184. Annuals, perennials, or subshrubs, 10–70+ cm. Stems usually 1, erect, branched distally or ± throughout. Leaves mostly
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branched or unbranched. Leaves in a basal rosette and cauline, cauline 3–10 (–13) cm; blade margins entire, subentire, denticulate, or coarsely dentate. Inflorescences
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et al., eds. 1905+. North American Flora.... 47+ vols. New York. Ser. 2, part 10, pp. 151–159. Robinson, H. 1974b. Studies in the Senecioneae (Asteraceae)
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(5) 7-70 cm. Sheaths closed for 1/3 - 7/10 their length, terete or weakly keeled, distal sheaths usually longer than their blades; ligules 0.2-18 mm, usually
7 KB (1,025 words) - 03:21, 30 July 2020
(Linnaeus) Lindley Bot. Reg. 10: plate 832. 1824. Mark W. Chase Illustrated Basionym: Epidendrum caudatum Linnaeus Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 1246. 1759 Treatment
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triangular, or horseshoe-shaped, not arillate, (cleft fused between ends). x = 10. North America, Mexico Species 6 (6 in the flora). Whether included in Cleome
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Peduncles 0–10 cm, leafy-bracted. Involucres ovoid to hemispheric, 2–4 × 1.5–6 cm, loosely arachnoid on phyllary margins or glabrate. Phyllaries in 5–10 series
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inconspicuously branched, densely glandular-puberulent; flowers numerous (rarely 10 or fewer in depauperate plants); bracts appressed to spreading, ± lanceolate
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Treatment on page 262. Mentioned on page 255, 259, 260, 263, 264. Annuals, 2–60 (–130) cm. Stems usually ± erect (prostrate in L. chrysanthemoides and L. platyglossa
14 KB (738 words) - 23:38, 29 July 2020
(–35) cm, each flower subtended by glandular bract. Pedicels 5–10 (–20) mm; bracteoles 2. Flowers sweet-scented, 2–3 cm; sepals 10–20 × 3–4 mm, proximal
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FNA Volume 10. Herbs annual, glabrous, strigillose, glandular puberulent, or, sometimes, villous. Stems branched mostly from base, 3–70 cm. Leaves primarily
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distinctly clawed; sepals not ridged abaxially, 3.5–10.4 × 0.9–2.2 cm; petals 3.4–10.2 × 0.9–2.5 cm; stamens moderately to strongly exserted; filaments
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sometimes spikelike, ovoid to cylindrical, dense, sometimes interrupted, with 10-200 spikelets borne singly or in clusters, spikelets homogamous in species
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apex acute to obtuse. Scape persistent, usually solitary, erect, terete, 10–60 cm × 1–5 mm. Umbel persistent, erect, loose, 0–60-flowered, hemispheric to
8 KB (568 words) - 05:48, 30 July 2020
Leaves: blades oblong, 10–30 × 1–5 cm, margins usually strongly undulate, unlobed and spiny-dentate or shallowly to deeply pinnatifid with 10–20 pairs of lobes
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racemes, 3-30 cm long, 2-12 cm wide, with 2 or more spikelets per node; nodes glabrous or with straight, about 0.5 mm hairs; primary branches 3-6 cm, appressed
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not; perianth campanulate; tepals 4–5, connate 1/4–2/3 their length; stamens 5–8; styles deciduous, 2–3, included or exserted (exserted syles and stamens
12 KB (760 words) - 10:11, 30 July 2020
on page 26, 27, 386, 388, 444, 453, 454, 455. Annuals, 1–10 (–20) cm. Stems 1, ± erect, or 2–10+, ascending to ± prostrate. Leaves cauline; mostly alternate;
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 456. Perennials, (10–) 20–80 (–120) cm (fibrous-rooted, usually with caudices, sometimes rhizomatous). Stems
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page 310. Mentioned on page 219, 309, 349, 360. Annuals or perennials, 2–70 (–200) cm; taprooted (rhizomatous or taproots becoming caudices in M. saxatilis)
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1×-lobed; ultimate lobes 3-5 mm wide. Flowers: sepals (8-) 10-20, white to bluish, oblanceolate, 10-16 × 2-3 mm, sparsely hairy to nearly glabrous; stamens 50-60
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5–30(–80+) cm (often cespitose and/or mounded) > 2 1 Plants (10–)50–180 cm (not cespitose) > 5 2 Perennials; leaves 2–3-palmately or -pinnately lobed > 3 2 Perennials
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very short. Leaves: blade ± ovate, 1.2–6 cm, ± thin, lobes (0 or) 1–4 per side, sinuses shallow or deep, veins 2–8 per side, to lobes and sinuses, sometimes
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filaments white, glabrous, anthers longer than wide; carpels 10–200 (–220). Achenes 0.8–2 mm, usually smooth or slightly rugose, sometimes merely roughened
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larger, 2–5 (–7.5) cm, thin to chartaceous, base ± cuneate, sometimes rounded to broadly ovate (at early anthesis not strikingly flabellate), lobes 2–4 (–6)
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stem leaves 1.2–1.5 mm and stems usually 1–2 cm and slender (related to the leaf size); ‘medium’ refers to stem leaves 1.5–3 mm and stems 2–4 cm; ‘large’ or
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glabrous. Inflorescences racemose, with (1–) 2–10 spikes; bracts sheathless, with inconspicuous blades, at least (1.5–) 2 times as long as wide; lateral spikes
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Spikelets pedicellate or sessile, 2.5-10 mm, laterally compressed, stramineous to brown at maturity, with 3 florets, lowest 2 florets staminate or reduced to
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Flowers (10–) 12–15 (–20) mm diam.; hypanthium pubescent or glabrous; sepals 3–4 (–5) mm, margins subentire, finely glandular distally; stamens 10 (–20),
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(7-) 10-25 (-30) cm, from caudices, caudices ascending to primarily vertical. Basal leaves 5-15, 2-ternate, occasionally irregularly so; petiole 2-10 cm;
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Spores 10–25 µm, spheric, smooth to minutely papillose. Worldwide including Antarctica Species ca. 215 (11 in the flora). Plants of Dicranella resemble those
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stoloniferous. Stems to 50 cm; scarious leaf-sheaths persistent. Leaves alternate, rosulate to distichous, 10–50 × 10–70 cm; blade glaucous-green to variegated
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cylindric, usually beaked, 10-50 mm; petals 2, distinct, bearing near apex a capitate to coiled spur, concealed in hood, long-clawed; nectary present, on
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Panicles 4-36 cm, erect or lax, pyramidal or lanceoloid, usually sparse, lower rachis internodes usually longer than (2) 3 cm; nodes with 1-10 branches; branches
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hirsute to hispid. Receptacles conic, pitted, epaleate. Ray-florets 10–75 (in 1–2 series), pistillate, fertile; corollas abaxially with broad, purplish
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glumes; awns 0.9-3.1 mm, attached to the lower (1/10) 1/5-1/2 (7/10) of the lemmas, usually not exserted, delicate, often difficult to distinguish from the
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± exposing stamens, 3-10 mm, clefts 2-6 mm; hairs mostly near base of cleft, centered or on inner lobes, white. Fruits 10-19 mm, 2.8-4 times longer than
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dehiscent in distal 1/2, cylindric, oblong. Seeds 12–65, globose or subglobose, not arillate, (cleft fused between ends). x = 10. North America, Mexico
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receptacles sometimes with setiform or subulate enations). Ray-florets 2–11 or 10–15, pistillate, fertile; corollas yellowish or yellow. Disc-florets 20–100+
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growth), glandular; blade 7 (9) -lobed, 2–7.5 × 2.5–10 (–14) cm, lobes obovate, spatulate, or linear, distal 1/2–3/4 of margins serrate (crenate), apex
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glabrous, except with tufts of hair in abaxial vein-axils. Inflorescences 10 (–50) -flowered; branches usually glabrous (densely hairy young in C. viridis
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constricted beyond ovary, abruptly expanded to 5-lobed limb; stamens 2 (–3) or 5–6 (2–5 in cleistogamous flowers), exserted; styles exserted beyond anthers;
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Association Perennials, (40–) 80–150 cm. Aerial stems (from creeping rhizomes to 4 cm × 2–6 mm, rhizome internodes mostly 2–10 mm) 1–10+, stramineous to reddish-brown
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bracts; sheaths 1.5–10 cm, ligules 2–12 mm; hairs within leaf-sheath 0.2–2 cm; blade 2–41 cm × 1–3 mm. Inflorescences 3–12-flowered, 3–10 cm; proximal bract
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429. Mentioned on page 21, 415, 427, 430. Shrubs or trees, (10–) 15–80 (–100) dm. Stems 1–10+, orientation unknown; bark gray to dark gray, smooth, older
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numerous clusters 2–4 mm wide, in spikes or panicles 2–30 cm. Pistillate flowers in spikes or panicles to 30 cm. Fruiting bracteoles 2–9 × 2–9 mm, bearing
9 KB (797 words) - 09:37, 30 July 2020
Treatment on page 222. Mentioned on page 14, 211, 214, 228, 231. Perennials, 10–80 cm (forming clumps); rhizomatous. Stems ascending to erect, simple or branched
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52. Mentioned on page 45. Annuals, biennials, or perennials, to 100 (–200) cm (rhizomatous, fibrous-rooted, or taprooted). Stems green. Leaves green, not
10 KB (649 words) - 22:36, 29 July 2020
Mentioned on page 136, 148, 170, 171, 173. Annuals or perennials, (2–) 10–90 (–120+) cm. Stems erect, branched distally or ± throughout. Leaves mostly cauline;
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