brown, dull. Stems erect-ascending and often 2-fid, or creeping, branches many, erect or ascending, simple or 2-fid; outer cell-walls thick, central strand
14 KB (382 words) - 07:42, 30 July 2020
per locule, anatropous; styles 1–5 (–9), distinct or connate, unbranched, 2-fid, or multifid; stigmas 1–32+. Fruits usually capsules, dehiscence septicidal
24 KB (1,347 words) - 18:25, 29 July 2020
or absent, blade apex entire, notched, or 2 (-4) -fid, sometimes dentate or laciniate; stamens 1-10, in 1 or 2 whorls, arising from base of ovary, nectariferous
29 KB (1,113 words) - 10:14, 30 July 2020
absent, blade apex entire or 2-fid, sometimes jagged or emarginate, rarely laciniate; stamens absent or (1–) 5 (–10), in 1 or 2 whorls, arising from base
11 KB (765 words) - 10:56, 30 July 2020
243, 252. Herbs, annual or perennial, cespitose or not, rhizomatous or not, stoloniferous or not. Roots fibrous, principally adventitious. Stems (culms)
24 KB (775 words) - 01:21, 30 July 2020
apex entire or emarginate to 2-fid, sometimes dentate to lacinate; stamens (5 or) 10 (absent in pistillate flowers), in 1 or 2 whorls, arising from base of
11 KB (721 words) - 10:22, 30 July 2020
pollen in monads or tetrads. Pistillate flowers: ovary 1-locular; styles 3, not 2-fid. Fruits ovoid to lance-ellipsoid, smooth, dehiscing irregularly. Seeds
8 KB (497 words) - 01:01, 30 July 2020
appendaged, margins entire or emarginate to 2-fid, rarely pinnatifid [fimbriate or filiform]; stamens (2 or 4) 6 [8–24], in 2 whorls, usually tetradynamous (lateral
107 KB (3,718 words) - 12:07, 30 July 2020
in distal 1/3–1/4; apex sharply acuminate; costa strong, not obscured by laminal cells, not 2-fid at end, abaxial costa cells smooth; laminal cells rectangular
5 KB (300 words) - 07:57, 30 July 2020
Pistillate flowers: ovary 1-locular; styles 3–5, not 2-fid. Fruits ovoid to spheric, smooth or ridged, not echinate, dehiscing by decay of pericarp. Seeds
9 KB (551 words) - 00:51, 30 July 2020
(1–) 3-carpellate; styles (1–) 3, distinct or connate basally, unbranched, 2-fid, or multifid. Fruits usually capsules (achenes in C. michauxii). Seeds ellipsoid
24 KB (874 words) - 18:18, 29 July 2020
linear; pollen in monads. Pistillate flowers: ovary 1-locular; styles 3, not 2-fid. Fruits ovoid, smooth, dehiscing irregularly. Seeds fusiform, mucilaginous
6 KB (320 words) - 00:57, 30 July 2020
distinct; anthers fusiform; pollen in monads; ovary 1-locular; styles 1, not 2-fid. Fruits cylindric, ridged, dehiscing irregularly. Seeds ellipsoid or fusiform
6 KB (335 words) - 00:57, 30 July 2020
placentation axile; ovules 2 per locule, anatropous or hemitropous; styles [2–] 3–10 [–15], distinct or connate, unbranched or 2-fid; stigmas [2–] 3–10 [–15] (as
13 KB (776 words) - 18:34, 29 July 2020
elongate in usually 2–4 rows, costa in medial transverse-section usually with a differentiated epidermis adaxially or on both sides, 1 or 2 stereid bands, the
28 KB (882 words) - 07:00, 30 July 2020
usually greatly exceeding tubercle; styles 3-fid and 2-fid (rarely all 2-fid or all 3-fid?); stamens 3 (or 2); widespread. Eleocharis obtusa 12 All or some
37 KB (456 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
single (double in Splachnum); exostome teeth 8–12 or 16, rarely 2-fid, approximate in groups of 2 and 4, densely and finely papillose. Calyptra mitrate or rarely
9 KB (361 words) - 07:32, 30 July 2020
3-carpellate; styles 3, distinct or connate basally to most of length, unbranched or 2-fid. Fruits capsules, tardily dehiscent and with spongy mesocarp in E. lathyris
18 KB (1,360 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
bristles are usually absent, when present, 1–2, caducous, and sparsely spinulose; the styles are (2–)3-fid, greatly elongated, stigmas are exserted from
18 KB (736 words) - 01:57, 30 July 2020
ovate, 2.5–4.5 mm, herbaceous, margins white, scarious, apex acute to obtuse, not hooded; petals 5, white to pink, clawed, blade apex jagged but not 2-fid;
8 KB (543 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
ovary glabrous or hairy; styles distinct or connate basally, unbranched or 2-fid. Seeds: caruncle absent (except for a carunclelike structure in E. carunculata)
36 KB (819 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
wings; perianth absent; stamens 1–3; styles linear, 2–3-fid, base deciduous or persistent; stigmas 2–3. Achenes biconvex, flattened, or trigonous. Pantemperate
7 KB (420 words) - 01:32, 30 July 2020
in moniliform chains. Pistillate flowers: ovary 1-locular; styles 6–8, not 2-fid. Fruits spheric, echinate, dehiscing into 6–8 irregular valves. Seeds pyriform;
7 KB (392 words) - 01:01, 30 July 2020
pollen in monads. Pistillate flowers floating; ovary 1-locular; styles 1, not 2-fid. Fruits cylindric to ellipsoid, ridged, dehiscing irregularly. Seeds ellipsoid
6 KB (384 words) - 00:58, 30 July 2020
Leaves widespreading when moist, 1–1.2 mm; apex acuminate; costa percurrent or nearly so, not spurred, tip not 2-fid. Perichaetia with inner leaves 1.6–1
4 KB (395 words) - 07:54, 30 July 2020
base; filaments distinct; pollen in monads; ovary 1-locular; styles 3–9, not 2-fid. Fruits oblong, ridged, dehiscing irregularly. Seeds fusiform, covered
6 KB (382 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
terminal, or scapose, 1-flowered or cymose, subtended by spathe; spathe a 2-fid bract or pair of opposite bracts. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate
11 KB (422 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
percurrent, not 2-fid or sinuate, somewhat obscure distally; alar cells not well differentiated; proximal laminal cells 1–2: 1, walls not or obscurely
9 KB (552 words) - 07:45, 30 July 2020
adaxial 2, adaxial lip galeate, rounded at apex, opening downward; stamens (2 or) 4, didynamous, filaments hairy or glabrous; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular
10 KB (460 words) - 18:57, 29 July 2020
large, in lax to dense tufts. Stems erect or sometimes decumbent, simple, 2-fid, fastigiate, or with subfloral whorl of branches, usually tomentose proximally
11 KB (380 words) - 07:34, 30 July 2020
monads;. pPistillate flowers: ovary 1-locular; floral-tube long, styles 1, not 2-fid. Fruits linear, cylindric, smooth or with simple spiny processes, indehiscent
7 KB (466 words) - 00:52, 30 July 2020
isodiametric, 6–24 µm, papillose only over lumina, papillae 1–4 per cell, conic or 2-fid; marginal cells gradually shorter than basal. Sexual condition gonioautoicous
24 KB (641 words) - 07:46, 30 July 2020
usually acuminate; ecostate or costa single, double, or 2-fid, short or to mid leaf; alar cells not or weakly differentiated; medial laminal cells quadrate
6 KB (205 words) - 07:46, 30 July 2020
appendages absent, blade apex entire, erose, or 2 (–4) -fid, sometimes emarginate; stamens (1–) 3–5 (–10), in 1 or 2 whorls, usually arising from base of ovary
9 KB (538 words) - 10:03, 30 July 2020
acumen, laterally spurred, tip not 2-fid. Perichaetia with inner leaves 2.5–2.8 mm, awn distinct, strongly denticulate, 1/2 length expanded portion of leaf
4 KB (457 words) - 07:54, 30 July 2020
styles 3, distinct or connate proximally, 2-fid, branches 6 per flower, [2 times 2-fid]. Fruits capsules, not muricate. Seeds globose to ovoid; caruncle
14 KB (666 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
broadly rounded, acute, or acuminate; ecostate to costa percurrent, sometimes 2-fid, occasionally sinuate distally; alar cells shorter than laminal cells, isodiametric
16 KB (613 words) - 07:45, 30 July 2020
short-acuminate > 3 3 Inner perichaetial leaves 2.5-2.8 mm, awns 1/2 length expanded portion of leaf; leaf costae tip not 2-fid; s Florida. Cryphaea filiformis 3 Inner
6 KB (314 words) - 07:54, 30 July 2020
cartilaginous; basal spikelets present in some species. Flowers: styles 3-fid, rarely 2-fid. Achenes colorless, whitish, gray, greenish, stramineous or brown,
6 KB (590 words) - 01:27, 30 July 2020
connate, sometimes distinct distally; stigmas 2, entire or 2-lobed (less than 2 mm). Fruits capsular, (2-valved, obclavate to ovoid or ellipsoid). Seeds:
35 KB (4,327 words) - 12:03, 30 July 2020
spinose, not hooded; petals 5, white, yellowish white, or occasionally pink or brownish, clawed or not, blade apex entire, erose, emarginate, or rarely 2-fid;
19 KB (1,194 words) - 10:09, 30 July 2020
present in distal axils, but not subtended by opposite or whorled bracts. Involucre ± actinomorphic, not spurred; glands [0–] (2–) 5, slightly concave, flat
16 KB (581 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
longer than achene, seldom smooth; stamens 2–3; styles undivided or shallowly 2-fid, or deeply cleft into 2 (–3) linear stigmatic branches; style base
38 KB (1,253 words) - 01:40, 30 July 2020
staminode 1, scalelike; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile; styles simple or 2-fid; stigma capitate, clavate, linear, 2-lobed, or emarginate. Fruits capsules
12 KB (693 words) - 18:50, 29 July 2020
(1–) 3, distinct or connate basally, usually multifid or laciniate, rarely 2-fid or unbranched, branches threadlike. Fruits capsules, allomorphic fruits achenes
17 KB (923 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
shorter than to 2 times longer than achene, retrorsely (to antrorsely) spinulose or sometimes smooth stamens 1–3; styles linear, 2–3-fid, base (tubercle)
13 KB (1,127 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
except sometimes on empty proximal scale, apex clearly emarginate to deeply 2-fid, awned. Flowers: perianth present, segments (members) bristlelike and spinulose
4 KB (457 words) - 01:57, 30 July 2020
mutabilis), 6–16, rarely minute or absent (H. denudatus), distinct, undivided, 2-fid or appendaged (H. acetosella, H. aculeatus, H. furcellatus, H. radiatus)
20 KB (1,253 words) - 11:27, 30 July 2020
asymmetric; annulus 2–4-seriate; operculum conic or rostrate from convex-conic base; endostome segments not perforate, cilia in groups of 2–4. North America
9 KB (590 words) - 07:46, 30 July 2020
or procumbent, simple, 2-fid, or with subfloral whorl of branches; pentagonal in cross-section, hyalodermis present, epidermis not prorulose; ± tomentose
12 KB (605 words) - 07:34, 30 July 2020
styles 3 (–4), distinct or connate to 1/2 length, 2-fid [rarely unbranched]. Fruits capsules or drupes. Seeds 2 per locule, rounded-trigonous; seed-coat
16 KB (864 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
subtending flower or proximal 1–2 empty. Flowers bisexual; perianth absent; stamens 1–3; styles flattened or subterete, 2–3-fid, base enlarged, deciduous. Achenes
13 KB (547 words) - 01:31, 30 July 2020
triangular, reddish-brown or brown, cleft into 2–3 filiform, terete prongs in the distal half, occasionally 2-fid nearly to the base. Calyptra 4–5-lobed at
13 KB (864 words) - 06:51, 30 July 2020
transversely elliptical along margins, 6–12 (–18) µm wide, papillae usually 2-fid, crowded, 2–6 per lumen, occasionally single and multiplex and covering the lumens
16 KB (1,136 words) - 07:01, 30 July 2020
or obtuse, not hooded; petals (4–) 5 or sometimes absent, white (purple-tinged in C. pumilum and C. regelii), clawed, blade apex 2-fid 1/5–1/2 of length
21 KB (1,044 words) - 10:15, 30 July 2020
sometimes smooth, usually papillose only over lumina, papillae 1 (or 2) per cell, conic, 2-fid, or clavate; marginal cells abruptly shorter than basal. Sexual
11 KB (710 words) - 07:33, 30 July 2020
or obtuse; costa single, ending just before apex, or branched to 2-fid and ending 1/2–9/10 leaf length; alar cells differentiated, rectangular to long-rectangular
9 KB (599 words) - 07:46, 30 July 2020
Involucre ± actinomorphic, not spurred; glands 4–5 (2–3 in E. oblongata), flat or slightly convex; appendages absent or hornlike, 2, slender with attenuate
19 KB (827 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
[yellow, yellowbrown, orange, or 2-colored]; nectary extrastaminal, annular and 5-lobed or of 5 glands; stamens [6–] 8 or 10 in 1–2 whorls, distinct or connate
14 KB (637 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
or oblong, undivided, 2-fid, or divided, 2–8 (–12) mm, not involucrelike, distal entire to 2-fid, stipulelike, proximalmost not involucrelike, divided
12 KB (722 words) - 11:33, 30 July 2020
absent, white (sometimes translucent in S. borealis), not clawed, blade apex 2-fid usually for 2/3–4/5 its length (S. holostea occasionally laciniate);
21 KB (985 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
single, double, 2-fid, or rarely ecostate, strong to weak, short to percurrent, not sinuate, sometimes somewhat obscure distally; alar cells not well differentiated
11 KB (602 words) - 07:46, 30 July 2020
serrate in distal 2/3; apex acute to acuminate; costa single, double, or rarely triple, sometimes 2-fid, 1/3–3/4 leaf length; alar cells not differentiated;
7 KB (419 words) - 07:44, 30 July 2020
quadrate, usually 1: 1, 1-stratose; papillae hollow or solid, multiplex to 2-fid, 2–3 per lumen, occasionally simple or absent, cell-walls thin to evenly thickened
15 KB (931 words) - 07:03, 30 July 2020
recognized, though there is not universal acceptance of all of them, and in some cases their ordinal associations are not yet settled. For the genera of
29 KB (1,493 words) - 05:37, 30 July 2020
styles 1–2 (–3), distinct or often connate proximally 1/10–9/10 of length, subcapitate to filiform, 0.07–3.2 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 2 (–3), subterminal
21 KB (1,113 words) - 10:32, 30 July 2020
entirely in D. australasiae, D. revolutus and D. umbrosus, guide cells 2–6 in 1 (–2) layers, hydroid strand occasionally present, abaxial stereid band weak
28 KB (1,343 words) - 07:04, 30 July 2020
papillose distally; endostome basal membrane present, segments sometimes 2-fid or fragmentary, keeled, cilia rudimentary. Calyptra naked. Spores spheric
9 KB (555 words) - 07:53, 30 July 2020
laminal cells and ending before mid leaf, sometimes discreetly, asymmetrically 2-fid at end, abaxial costa cells smooth or papillose; laminal cells hexagonal
12 KB (612 words) - 07:56, 30 July 2020
cm, erect, 2-fid, lacking subfloral whorl of branches; rounded in cross-section, hyalodermis present, indistinct to distinct, epidermis not prorulose;
10 KB (578 words) - 07:34, 30 July 2020
floral scales ca. 4–12 per spikelet, spiraled, 2.5–6 mm, with 1 vein, membranous. Styles 3-fid, or 3-fid and 2-fid. Achenes trigonous, or trigonous and biconvex
10 KB (927 words) - 01:30, 30 July 2020
-carpellate; styles 3 (–4), distinct, usually 2-fid to 1/2 length, very rarely 2-fid to base. Fruits capsules. Seeds 2 per locule, rounded-trigonous; seed-coat
8 KB (378 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
retrorsely spinulose; stamens 3; styles linear, 2–3-fid, base persistent. Achenes biconvex to trigonous, 2.3–5.5 mm, smooth. Nearly worldwide Species 6–15
13 KB (1,146 words) - 01:51, 30 July 2020
perennial, cespitose or not, rhizomatous or not. Culms solitary or not, ± trigonous. Leaves basal and cauline or all cauline; sheaths not fibrous; ligules present
17 KB (757 words) - 01:31, 30 July 2020
obscure, close, longitudinal veins, papery to cartilaginous. Styles 3-fid, or 3-fid and 2-fid. Achenes biconvex, sometimes compressed trigonous, sometimes distally
9 KB (638 words) - 01:30, 30 July 2020
empty or subtending 1–2 stamens, often abortive. Flowers bisexual or staminate; perianth absent; stamens 1–3; styles linear, 2-fid, base persistent. Achenes
6 KB (352 words) - 01:39, 30 July 2020
acute to acuminate; costa single, short, usually 2-fid or double to mid leaf, broad basally; alar cells not differentiated; laminal cells quadrate to rhomboidal
5 KB (268 words) - 07:46, 30 July 2020
retrorsely spinulose to appressed-spinulose; anthers 0.5–0.7 mm; styles 2-fid or 2-fid and 3-fid. Achenes brown, turning blackish, thickly biconvex, sometimes planoconvex
10 KB (1,059 words) - 02:07, 30 July 2020
hairy; styles distinct, occasionally appearing connate at base, unbranched or 2-fid. Seeds: caruncle present or absent. x = 7. North America, Mexico, West Indies
13 KB (653 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
rhomboidal, distal laminal cells ca. 15–19 µm wide, 1: 1–2, papillae mostly hollow, simple or 2-fid, 4–6 per lumen, occasionally on conic salients, cell-walls
26 KB (1,447 words) - 07:08, 30 July 2020
sparsely retrorsely-spreading spinulose; anthers 0.4–0.6 mm; styles 2-fid or 2-fid and 3-fid. Achenes brown, turning blackish, thinly to thickly planoconvex
10 KB (1,013 words) - 02:08, 30 July 2020
ovary glabrous, subtended by calyxlike structure; styles connate 1/8–1/2 length, 2-fid apically. Seeds: caruncle absent. se United States, South America Species
8 KB (532 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
rhomboidal, small to somewhat enlarged, 11–15 µm wide, 1–2: 1, 1-stratose; papillae usually simple (seldom 2-fid), hollow, 1–6 per lumen, occasionally branching
13 KB (810 words) - 07:12, 30 July 2020
distinct; staminodes absent; ovary 1-locular; styles 2, filiform, 2–9 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 2, linear along adaxial surface of styles, papillate
12 KB (718 words) - 10:23, 30 July 2020
styles 3, 1–2.5 mm, deeply 2-fid, terminal segments 6. Capsules 3.5–6 × 4–5 mm, smooth; columella 3-angled. Seeds 3–4 × 2–2.5 mm, shiny. 2n = 16. Generated
10 KB (534 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
tissue; styles spreading, 0.3–0.4 mm, 2-fid 1/2 to nearly entire length. Capsules broadly deltoid, 1.2–1.5 × 2–2.2 mm, glabrous or hairy; columella 0.9–1
10 KB (665 words) - 18:26, 29 July 2020
dilated their entire length, conate into a nectariferous tube with erect, 2-fid apical filament appendages forming a crown between anthers; anthers basifixed
6 KB (357 words) - 06:02, 30 July 2020
length, sometimes unevenly 2-fid distally; laminal cells smooth or mammillose abaxially by projecting distal ends, walls firm; proximal cells oblate to quadrate
9 KB (292 words) - 07:50, 30 July 2020
distinct or briefly connate proximally; styles 3, occasionally 2, connate proximally for 1/2 of length, rarely to nearly distinct (D. cordata), filiform,
13 KB (701 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
absent, ovary inferior, usually 2–3 times length of perianth, style 3-branched, branches 2-fid; pedicel, when present, not articulate. Fruits capsular, 3-winged
11 KB (804 words) - 05:18, 30 July 2020
equaling achene; stamens unknown [absent from specimens]; styles 3-fid or some 2-fid. Achenes not persistent, dark yellow or medium brown, obovoid to obpyriform
10 KB (885 words) - 01:23, 30 July 2020
cross-section, 0.8–1.2 × 0.5–0.8 mm, with (2–) 3 (–5) deep transverse ridges. 2n = 28. Generated Map Legacy Map N.Mex., Tex., n Mexico Varieties 2 (2 in the flora)
9 KB (578 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
stout; floral bract usually tawny, sometimes greenish, apex entire, erose, 2-fid, or irregularly toothed; pistillate bract deciduous (persistent in S. floridana
15 KB (947 words) - 12:03, 30 July 2020
styles 0.3–0.4 mm, 2-fid 1/2 length. Capsules broadly ovoid to oblate, cocci not elongated nor terminating in empty portion, 1.4–1.9 × 1.5–2, glabrous, pilose
10 KB (777 words) - 18:22, 29 July 2020
distinguished by its stellate hairs, 2(–3)-locular ovary, fleshy indehiscent fruit, and 17–32 stamens (versus simple or 2-fid hairs, 3–5-locular ovary, dehiscent
9 KB (552 words) - 18:33, 29 July 2020
same number of briefly 2-fid valves characterizes Myosoton and is not known in Stellaria. Most chromosome counts of M. aquaticum are 2n = 28, a very rare number
8 KB (496 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
apiculate; costa ending well below apex (to about 7/8 leaf length and often 2-fid distally), subpercurrent, or percurrent, distal abaxial surface smooth; medial
12 KB (627 words) - 07:41, 30 July 2020
cuspidate, or ± truncate, occasionally 2-fid or 3-fid; petiole 0.1–6.9 (–15.2) cm; blade ovate to deltate, 1.2–7.7 × 0.8–7.8 cm, base cordate to truncate
9 KB (670 words) - 11:17, 30 July 2020
retrorsely spinulose; stamens 3; anthers yellow to orangebrown, 0.7–2 mm; styles 3-fid or some 2-fid. Achenes falling with scales or some persistent, yellowbrown
12 KB (1,007 words) - 01:27, 30 July 2020
cylindric, 2-fid tooth [ridge]; stamens 4, basally adnate to corolla, didynamous, filaments glandular-hairy [glabrous]; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation
6 KB (307 words) - 19:25, 29 July 2020
distinct, 1/3–1/2 leaf length, straight, not obscure distally; alar cells quadrate to oblate-rectangular; proximal laminal cells 1–2: 1, walls not or obscurely
5 KB (410 words) - 07:45, 30 July 2020
3-locular; styles 3, 2–3 mm, 2-fid to base, terminal segments 6. Capsules 4–5 × 4–4.5 mm, smooth; columella apex with 3 sharp projections. Seeds 3.2–3.6 × 1.5 mm
8 KB (428 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
[angled or lobed]; pistil [2–] 3 [–4] -carpellate; styles [2–] 3 [–4], connate proximally, 2-fid. Fruits berries [capsules]. Seeds 2 per locule, rounded-trigonous;
7 KB (363 words) - 18:22, 29 July 2020
[entire]; pistil 3 (–4) -carpellate; styles (3–) 4, distinct, 2-fid 1/2 length. Fruits capsules. Seeds 2 per locule, rounded-trigonous; seed-coat dry, smooth;
7 KB (338 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
acute; ecostate or costa 2-fid; alar cells rounded, somewhat inflated, pigmented or not, walls thin, region in 1 row, middle lamella not apparent, supra-alar
5 KB (298 words) - 07:53, 30 July 2020
rounded-apiculate or short to long-acuminate; costa single or occasionally 2-fid distally, weak, ending 1/2–9/10 leaf length; alar cells differentiated, rectangular or
9 KB (511 words) - 07:46, 30 July 2020
ovatelanceolate], weakly plicate; base not auriculate or decurrent; margins plane; costa double and short, 2-fid, or single to mid leaf or longer; alar
4 KB (431 words) - 07:55, 30 July 2020
5–0.8 mm, minutely 2-fid, terminal segments 3 or 6. Achenes 2.5–3 × 1–1.2 mm, smooth; columella absent. Seeds 2–2.5 × 1 mm, surface not visible because seed-coat
8 KB (439 words) - 18:19, 29 July 2020
often present; pistil 3-carpellate; styles 3, connate basally, [1–] 2–3 times 2-fid. Fruits capsules. Seeds ovoid; caruncle present. x = 9. s United States
9 KB (435 words) - 18:29, 29 July 2020
sometimes 2-fid, not appearing multipapillose. Branch leaves apical cell truncate, multipapillose. Primary branch leaves to 0.5 mm; costa 1/2–2/3 leaf length
7 KB (558 words) - 07:46, 30 July 2020
distinct; petals 0; nectary absent [present]; pistil 2–3-carpellate; styles 2–3, distinct, 2-fid, branches flattened, adaxial surface stigmatic. Fruits
8 KB (363 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
nectary annular or lobed [absent]; styles 1 mm or less; stigmas dilated [2-fid, reniform, or subpeltate]. x = 10. Fla., Mexico, West Indies, Central America
5 KB (251 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
Flowers bisexual; perianth scales 1–2; stamens 1–2; styles linear, 2–3-fid, base deciduous or persistent, thickened or not. Achenes trigonous or terete. North
8 KB (604 words) - 01:39, 30 July 2020
green to brownish. Stems 2–10 cm, erect to ascending, 2-fid; triangular in cross-section, hyalodermis present, epidermis not prorulose; radiculose proximally
7 KB (406 words) - 07:34, 30 July 2020
retrorsely barbed bristles, slightly longer than achene; stamens 3; styles 2-fid, base persistent, linear. Achenes biconvex. x = 16. North America Species
4 KB (263 words) - 01:40, 30 July 2020
6–3 mm; margins revolute, serrulate throughout, teeth paired, appearing 2-fid due to their apposing position from contiguous cells, sometimes margins plane
9 KB (759 words) - 07:34, 30 July 2020
attached at sinuses, 2-locular; ovule 1; style 1, short or elongate, shorter than staminal tube; stigmas sessile, minutely 2-fid to capitate or penicillate
12 KB (736 words) - 09:42, 30 July 2020
ovary; style 1 per carpel, distinct or connate; stigmas 2–4, truncate, notched-capitate, or 2-lobed or 3-lobed. Fruits capsular, baccate, or drupaceous
14 KB (933 words) - 11:54, 30 July 2020
annulus of 1–2 rows of deciduous or persistent cells; operculum long-rostrate to conic, often arcuate; peristome single, 16 teeth, split ca. 1/2 their length
14 KB (724 words) - 06:56, 30 July 2020
lanuginose to sericeous or nearly glabrous; apices usually entire, sometimes 2–3-fid, sometimes aristate to spinose (uncinate in Ancistrocarphus filagineus)
25 KB (1,822 words) - 20:30, 29 July 2020
pistillate flowers with 3–4 petals; ovary 6–9-carpellate, locules 6–9; styles 2-fid nearly to base; ovules 200. Fruits 4–12 mm diam. Phenology: Flowering summer–fall
5 KB (487 words) - 00:57, 30 July 2020
styles 2-fid or 2-fid and 3-fid. Achenes brown when ripe, thickly planoconvex or unequally biconvex or compressed obtusely trigonous, obovoid, 1.8–2.8 × 1
9 KB (916 words) - 02:03, 30 July 2020
quadrate to occasionally shortrectangular, 9–12 µm wide, 1: 1 (–2), papillae stout, 2-fid, crowded, scattered or centered over lumens, cell-walls evenly
10 KB (731 words) - 07:03, 30 July 2020
unisexual; perianth absent; stamens 1–3; anthers 2–4 mm, apex usually mucronate or awned; styles linear, 2–3-fid, base deciduous or persistent, hypogynium rudimentary
13 KB (648 words) - 01:45, 30 July 2020
weakly persistent, medium brown, to 1/2 achene length; anthers yellow, very rarely orange, 2–4 mm; styles 2–3-fid. Achenes medium to dark-brown, rarely
11 KB (1,024 words) - 01:52, 30 July 2020
stamens 2 (–3); anthers 0.3–0.5 mm; styles 2-fid or some 3-fid. Achenes 0.75–1 × 0.6–0.8 mm. Tubercles deltoid, 0.2–0.3 × 0.35–0.45 (–0.55) mm, 1/2–3/4as
6 KB (689 words) - 01:29, 30 July 2020
(0.5–) 0.7–1.1 mm, 1-veined; nectary 3 glands (2-fid distally, thus resembling 6 glands). Capsules 2.3–2.7 mm diam., smooth. Seeds uniformly brown, 1.1–1
8 KB (446 words) - 18:24, 29 July 2020
each subtending flower or 1–2 proximal scales empty. Flowers bisexual; perianth absent; stamens 1–3; styles slender, (2–) 3-fid, glabrous, base enlarged,
10 KB (485 words) - 01:32, 30 July 2020
typically 7, white to stramineous, spinules dense to few; styles 2-fid, rarely 3-fid. Achenes stramineous to green or dark-brown, biconvex, rarely trigonous
7 KB (602 words) - 01:29, 30 July 2020
0.5–5 (–7) × (0.2–) 0.3–2 (–3) cm, surfaces: abaxial with long hairs absent or sparse to abundant, not restricted to veins, 0.5–2 (–2.5) mm, cottony-crisped
10 KB (1,044 words) - 13:54, 30 July 2020
to equaling achene; stamens 3; anthers brown, 1.5–2 mm; styles 2-fid, sometimes some 3-fid. Achenes not persistent, dark yellow or stramineous, obovoid to
9 KB (775 words) - 01:23, 30 July 2020
yellow-green. Stems 0.5–3 cm, erect, simple or 2-fid; pentagonal in cross-section, hyalodermis present, epidermis not prorulose; radiculose proximally, rhizoids
7 KB (417 words) - 07:34, 30 July 2020
stamens 2 (–3); anthers yellow, 0.2–0.3 mm; styles 2-fid or some 3-fid. Achenes 0.7–1 × 0.6–0.9 mm. Tubercles deltoid 0.1–0.2 × 0.25–0.45 mm, 1/3–1/2 as high
6 KB (707 words) - 01:29, 30 July 2020
spinulose; anthers 2–3 mm; styles 2–3-fid. Achenes brown, biconvex to compressed bluntly trigonous, obovoid to obpyriform, (2–) 2.5–3.5 × 1.3–2.3 mm; beak 0
12 KB (1,153 words) - 02:02, 30 July 2020
0.5–1 × 0.3–0.4 mm; 2d scale 2-fid, sometimes absent, 0.1–0.2 × 0.1 mm; 3d scale absent; stamen 1; anther 0.1–0.2 mm; stigmas 2. Achenes obovoid to broadly
6 KB (537 words) - 01:40, 30 July 2020
(5–) 7–9 (–15) µm wide, 1 (–2):1 (–2), papillae either massive, multifurcating and centered over lumens or simple to 2-fid, cell-walls thin to greatly
13 KB (907 words) - 07:03, 30 July 2020
obtuse or acute to acuminate, not hooded; petals 5 [absent in cleistogamous flowers], white, not clawed, blade apex 2-fid to V-shaped notch 1/10–1/5 of
10 KB (641 words) - 10:19, 30 July 2020
lateral pair not saccate basally; petals yellow [white], obovate to spatulate, claw slightly differentiated from blade, (apex emarginate, [2-fid or obtuse]);
8 KB (605 words) - 12:07, 30 July 2020
flower. Flowers bisexual; perianth absent; stamens 1–3; styles linear, 2–3-fid, base persistent, sometimes slightly enlarged. Achenes biconvex or trigonous
6 KB (368 words) - 01:32, 30 July 2020
529, 530, 534. Stems to 1.2 cm. Leaves firm when wet, long-ovate to ligulate, 0.5–1.8 (–2) mm, base often elliptic, widened not strongly sheathing, margins
6 KB (731 words) - 07:04, 30 July 2020
base, branching distally into 2–4 branches, lepidote. Leaves not clustered; stipules subulate, 0.2 mm; petiole 0.2–1 (–2) cm, glands absent at apex; blade
8 KB (467 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
yellow-green to yellowbrown, shiny or glossy. Stems to 2 cm, usually shorter, densely foliose, simple or 2-fid at base; central cylinder small; moderately radiculose
7 KB (585 words) - 07:35, 30 July 2020
1.5 times longer than sepals, apex 2-fid; stamens 10; styles 5. Capsules cylindric, curved, (9–) 10–12 (–13) mm, 2–3 times as long as sepals; teeth 10
9 KB (749 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
1-stratose or seldom 2-stratose; papillae solid or occasionally hollow, 2-fid, or 4–6 projections per lumen (occasionally flattened or compound), cell-walls evenly
14 KB (935 words) - 07:06, 30 July 2020
anthers oval; pollen in monads. Pistillate flowers: ovary 1-locular; styles 6, 2-fid less than ½ length. Fruits spheric, smooth to ridged, dehiscing irregularly
6 KB (357 words) - 01:01, 30 July 2020
adaxial 2; stamens 4, adnate to corolla, didynamous, filaments sparsely hairy, staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile; stigma minutely 2-fid. Fruits
6 KB (306 words) - 19:08, 29 July 2020
perianth of 1–6 bristles, straight, not longer than achene, retrorsely spinulose; stamens 3; styles deciduous, linear, 2-fid. Achenes planoconvex or unequally
6 KB (369 words) - 01:40, 30 July 2020
0; nectary absent; pistil 3-carpellate; styles 3, distinct, 2-fid. Fruits capsules. Seeds 2 per locule, rounded-trigonous; seed-coat fleshy, smooth; caruncle
7 KB (394 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
proximal 1/2 to throughout. [Seta 0.2–0.7 cm. Capsule stegocarpous, theca ovoid to cylindric, often macrostomous, 0.6–1.5 mm, annulus of 2–3 rows of transversely
13 KB (835 words) - 07:06, 30 July 2020
rarely to 2 times as long as achene; stamens 3; anthers dark yellow to stramineous, 1.5–2.2 mm; styles 2-fid, very rarely some 3-fid. Achenes not persistent
16 KB (1,681 words) - 02:17, 30 July 2020
subtending flower. Flowers bisexual; perianth absent; stamens 3; styles 2-fid, linear, base persistent. Achenes planoconvex, margins and apex corky. Tropical
4 KB (282 words) - 01:32, 30 July 2020
than achene, retrorsely spinulose; stamens 3; styles persistent, linear, 2-fid, base slightly enlarged. Achenes biconvex. Tropical and subtropical regions
5 KB (291 words) - 01:31, 30 July 2020
strigose; styles 0.3–0.5 mm, 2-fid at apex to almost 1/2 length. Capsules broadly ovoid, 2–2.6 × 2.5–3 mm, strigose; columella 1.6–2.2 mm. Seeds white, ovoid
8 KB (650 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
to nearly 1/2 length. Capsules ovoid or subglobose, 1.8–2 × 2–2.3 mm, glabrous; columella 1.2–1.5 mm. Seeds white to gray-brown, ovoid, terete to bluntly
8 KB (630 words) - 18:25, 29 July 2020
serrate to serrulate distally; apex acuminate; costa single, sometimes 2-fid, 1/3–2/3 leaf length, terminal spine often present; alar cells quadrate to short-rectangular
6 KB (266 words) - 07:45, 30 July 2020
spreading in fruit, 5–20, 1–2 per mm of rachilla, entirely blackish brown to redbrown, or midrib regions paler, broadly ovate, 2.5–5 × 2–2.5 mm, apex rounded to
12 KB (1,208 words) - 01:22, 30 July 2020
hairs retrorsely curved. Flowers: petals apically 2-fid, corolla 2–3 mm diam. Pepos 4–5 mm, loosely enclosed by persistent bracts. Phenology: Flowering Aug–Oct(–Nov)
3 KB (421 words) - 11:24, 30 July 2020
shortrectangular, ca. 18–24 µm wide, 1–2: 1, often marginally elongate and multistratose; papillae hollow, simple to 2-fid, usually 6–8 or more per lumen, cell-walls
12 KB (806 words) - 07:13, 30 July 2020
mm, flowering branchlet 2.5–22 mm; floral bract brown, greenish, or bicolor, 1.2–2 mm, apex rounded, entire or, sometimes, 2-fid, abaxially hairy, hairs
13 KB (835 words) - 12:25, 30 July 2020
styles 2-fid. Achenes not persistent, dark yellow, stramineous, or dark-brown, obovoid to obpyriform, biconvex, angles obscure, 0.9–1.6 × 0.7–1.2 mm, apex
10 KB (787 words) - 01:21, 30 July 2020
maroon, circular to oblong, 0.2–0.4 × 0.2–0.5 mm; appendages white to light pink, oblong to reniform or flabellate, 0.2–1.1 × 0.5–1.7 mm, surfaces glabrous
10 KB (696 words) - 18:29, 29 July 2020
base; staminodes absent; ovary 1-locular; styles 2 (–3), clavate, 1.2–2.5 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 2 (–3), subterminal, papillate (30×). Capsules globose
13 KB (910 words) - 10:22, 30 July 2020
walls sometimes irregularly thickened, papillae low, indistinct, simple or 2-fid, several per cell. Specialized asexual reproduction reportedly by rhizoidal
11 KB (801 words) - 07:01, 30 July 2020
stamens 3; anthers dark yellow to stramineous, 0.8–1.5 mm; styles 3-fid or some 2-fid. Achenes falling with scales, dark-brown, obovoid to obpyriform, compressed
10 KB (812 words) - 01:25, 30 July 2020
rectangular, occasionally rhomboid, 2–5: 1; distal medial cells subquadrate to hexagonal, 7–13 µm, papillae 2-fid, 2–6 per lumen, occasionally fused into
18 KB (1,487 words) - 07:02, 30 July 2020
amplexicaulous; floral scales membranous. Flowers: anthers 0.6–1.2 mm; styles 3-fid, rarely some 2-fid. Achenes trigonous, rarely some biconvex. Tubercles often
5 KB (523 words) - 01:30, 30 July 2020
adaxial stereid band absent [present and small (usually of 1–2 cells)], guide cells 2–4 (–6), in 1–2 layers, hydroid strand present, often multiple, occasionally
14 KB (930 words) - 07:06, 30 July 2020
tubercle; stamens 3; anthers dark yellow to orangebrown, 1.3–2.7 mm; styles 2-fid. Achenes not persistent, yellow maturing to yellowbrown or dark-brown, ellipsoid
14 KB (1,404 words) - 02:19, 30 July 2020
mostly exceeding tubercle, to 2 times longer than achene; stamens 3; anthers stramineous, 0.9–1.5 mm; styles 2-fid. Achenes not persistent, yellow maturing
9 KB (739 words) - 02:18, 30 July 2020
10–14 × 3–4 mm, 2–2.3 times as long as sepals; teeth 10, erect, margins convolute. Seeds brown, 0.8–1.2 mm diam., tuberculate; testa not inflated, tightly
10 KB (797 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
filaments basally not obviously connate; pistillate flowers solitary; pedicels to 9 cm; styles 2-fid for less than ½ length. Seeds 1–1.3 mm. 2n = 28 (Netherlands)
5 KB (498 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
similar), 2–4 (–5) mm, ± equal, apex acute to acuminate (herbaceous portion similar), not hooded, glabrous or with ± sessile glands; petals 2-fid for 3/4+
6 KB (636 words) - 10:26, 30 July 2020
ca. 2 times as long as sepals, apex 2-fid; stamens 10; anthers 0.8–1.1 mm; styles 5. Capsules cylindric, curved, 7.5–11.5 × 2.5–4 mm, (1–) 1.5–2 times
9 KB (784 words) - 10:16, 30 July 2020
occasionally 2-fid, lumens oval to roundedquadrate, walls evenly thickened, moderately bulging on both sides or only abaxially, sometimes 2-stratose marginally
10 KB (944 words) - 07:04, 30 July 2020
flowers 10–20, pistillate flowers 2–5. Pedicels: staminate 2.5–4 mm, pistillate 0–0.5 mm. Staminate flowers: sepals 5, 0.8–1.2 mm, abaxial surface stellate-tomentose;
7 KB (452 words) - 18:26, 29 July 2020
long as sepals, apex deeply 2-fid; stamens 10, occasionally 5; styles 5. Capsules narrowly cylindric, curved, 9–17 mm, ca. 2 times sepals; teeth 10, erect
10 KB (753 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
triangulate pinnate-lobed. Flowers: calyx 6–8 mm, 2-fid, lobes 4–6 mm; corolla 18–25 mm, abaxial lip not spreading, often with purple spots at base, adaxial
5 KB (423 words) - 18:58, 29 July 2020
flowers: ovary glabrous; styles 0.6–1 mm, 2-fid 1/2 length. Capsules oblate, 2.8–3.1 × 3.6–4.5 mm, glabrous; columella 1.9–2.4 mm. Seeds brown to blackish, ovoid
10 KB (624 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
ovary canescent; styles 0.3–0.4 mm, 2-fid entire length. Capsules oblate, 1.7–2.3 × 1.8–2.7 mm, puberulent; columella 1.4–2 mm. Seeds tan to grayish, narrowly
7 KB (585 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
styles 0.9–1.4 mm, 2-fid. Capsules subovoid, 2.5–3 × 3.5–4 mm, 3-lobed; cocci rounded, smooth or puncticulate, glabrous; columella 1.9–2.3 mm. Seeds cream
8 KB (655 words) - 18:30, 29 July 2020
than medial leaf cells, 2–4: 1, walls of basal-cells thin; distal laminal cells subquadrate, 7–11 µm; 1: 1; papillae simple to 2-fid, low, small but crowded
15 KB (1,012 words) - 07:04, 30 July 2020
or obtuse-angled, 2.5–3.5 mm, abaxially glabrous or variously puberulent, midrib excurrent as mucro. Flowers: stamens 3; styles 2-fid, flat, fimbriate.
8 KB (502 words) - 01:32, 30 July 2020
Inflorescences 2 times branched, branches mostly stiffly ascending. Spikelets 3–40, 6–18 × 3–4 mm. Flowers: perianth bristles 6, equaling achene body; styles 2-fid
4 KB (706 words) - 01:59, 30 July 2020
glandular; petals 1–2 times as long as sepals, apex shallowly 2-fid; stamens 10; styles 5. Capsules cylindric, slightly curved, 12–16 mm, to 2 times as long
10 KB (898 words) - 10:16, 30 July 2020
ovoid, 1.2–2.1 mm, low-tuberculate, sometimes papillate on abaxial ridge. Generated Map Legacy Map Calif., Idaho, Nev., Oreg., Utah Varieties 2 (2 in the
9 KB (870 words) - 10:15, 30 July 2020
linearlanceolate, 1/2 length of calyx, 6 mm, lobes 2–6 × 1–2 mm, stellate-tomentose. Flowers: calyx 8–10 mm, lobes narrowly ovate-acuminate, 6 mm, 2 times as long
9 KB (645 words) - 11:24, 30 July 2020
with yellowish hairs; styles 0.6–0.9 mm, 2-fid 1/2 length, filiform. Capsules subglobose to broadly ovoid, 1.7–2 mm diam., pilose to sericeous with yellowish
8 KB (625 words) - 18:24, 29 July 2020
hexagonal to shortly rectangular, 13–20 µm wide, 1–2: 1, 1-stratose; papillae small, simple to 2-fid, 8–12 per lumen, scattered, cell-walls thin, weakly
10 KB (763 words) - 07:14, 30 July 2020
lobed (faces glabrous or hispid, hairs simple or minutely 2–3-fid). Heads borne singly or 2–5 in loose, corymbiform arrays. Peduncles slightly inflated
8 KB (506 words) - 20:17, 29 July 2020
elongate, in 2 (–4) rows; transverse-section ovate to semicircular, adaxial epidermis absent, adaxial stereid band present or absent, guide cells 2–4 in 1 layer
9 KB (773 words) - 07:08, 30 July 2020
retrorsely spinulose; stamens 3; anthers orangebrown, 0.8–1.7 mm; styles 3-fid or some 2-fid. Achenes persistent after scales fall, usually lemon yellow or dark
12 KB (1,095 words) - 01:27, 30 July 2020
same day, not leafy-bracted, not 1-sided, (1.5–) 10–30 cm, elongating in flower or fruit; bracts linear to linearlanceolate, undivided to 2-fid, proximal
15 KB (828 words) - 11:35, 30 July 2020
Capsule brown, cylindric, 1.2–1.5 mm, sulcate when dry; peristome teeth lanceolate, 650–850 µm, brown, densely low-papillose, 2-fid to the base. Spores 9–11
10 KB (805 words) - 06:52, 30 July 2020
8–12 µm wide, 1–2 (–3):1, cell-walls thin to typically incrassate, flat to slightly convex in section, papillae simple and sharp to 2-fid, 1–3 or more per
14 KB (1,002 words) - 07:07, 30 July 2020
cells subquadrate, mostly 11–15 µm wide, 1: 1, 1-stratose; papillae simple, 2-fid, or multifid, often hollow (cup or C-shaped), occasionally. columnar, cell-walls
11 KB (889 words) - 07:07, 30 July 2020
margin crenulate. Staminate flowers 2–5. Pistillate flowers: ovary short-sericeous; styles 0.5–0.8 mm, 2-fid 1/2 length. Capsules ovoid, well exserted from
9 KB (761 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
Capsule brown, cylindric, (2–) 2.3–3 (–3.2) mm, smooth; peristome teeth 500–650 µm, dark yellow to orangebrown, regularly 2-fid to the base, densely papillose
8 KB (1,011 words) - 06:52, 30 July 2020
acute apex, acumen not differentiated; costa usually double, short, ending before mid leaf, often single and slender or stout to 1/2–3/4 leaf length, occasionally
17 KB (800 words) - 07:42, 30 July 2020
spinulose; anthers 2 mm; styles 2 (–3) -fid. Achenes dark graybrown, planoconvex or rarely weakly trigonous, obovoid, (1.5–) 2–3 1.2–1.7 mm; beak 0.2–0.4 mm. Generated
9 KB (864 words) - 01:58, 30 July 2020
leaves, 1–64 (–90) [–100] -flowered, racemes, corymbs, umbellate fascicles, 2-flowered fascicles, or solitary; bracts sometimes present; bracteoles present
43 KB (1,828 words) - 14:17, 30 July 2020
adorned with very low papillae that are generally 2-fid so that the cells commonly appear in surface view to be 2 (or 3)-papillose. None. None. window.proper
6 KB (544 words) - 07:46, 30 July 2020
Flora of North America Association Stems with branches to 1 cm, simple or 2-fid. Branch leaves 0.7–1.8 mm; basal laminal cells tuberculate or smooth, walls
4 KB (512 words) - 07:45, 30 July 2020
shorter than achene, 0–0.55 mm; spinules not evident at 45X; stamens (1–) 3; anthers 0.35–0.45 mm; styles 2-fid (or 3-fid). Achenes whitish to pale-brown, obovoid
9 KB (630 words) - 01:28, 30 July 2020
styles 3-fid (or some 2-fid in same spikelet). Achenes dark to blackish brown, thickly planoconvex to obtusely trigonous, broadly obovoid, 1.7–2.2 (–2.5) ×
7 KB (701 words) - 02:11, 30 July 2020
short-rectangular, walls thin, not nodose; distal cells 8–12 µm, 1-stratose, rarely 2-stratose in streaks, papillae 2 or 3 per cell, 2-fid and large, or sometimes
7 KB (603 words) - 07:47, 30 July 2020
monads. Pistillate flowers: ovary 1-locular, falsely 6–9-locular; styles 3–9, 2-fid nearly to base. Fruits ellipsoid to spheric, smooth to ridged, dehiscing
7 KB (421 words) - 00:53, 30 July 2020
imbricate, orangebrown to stramineous, 5–6 × 2.5 mm, membranous, transparent, apex 2-fid 0.5–1 mm deep, awns slender, 1–2 × 0.25 mm at base. Flowers: perianth
7 KB (698 words) - 01:56, 30 July 2020
weakly toothed basally, coarsely toothed distally; costa to 2/3 leaf length, occasionally weakly 2-fid, sometimes ending in abaxial spine; alar cells truncate
6 KB (452 words) - 07:56, 30 July 2020
entire; apex acuminate or sometimes acute to rounded; costa usually double, 1/4–2/3 leaf length, sometimes single or nearly ecostate; alar cells sometimes differentiated;
9 KB (433 words) - 07:44, 30 July 2020
equaling to less than 1/2 achene body, rarely rudimentary; styles from 2-fid with few 3-fid at spikelet apex to mostly (or all) 3-fid. Achenes planoconvex
5 KB (744 words) - 02:00, 30 July 2020
ovate-cordate; costa single, usually branched or distally 2-fid, 53–119 µm wide near base, 1/2–9/10 leaf length; alar region sharply delimited, triangular
5 KB (553 words) - 07:46, 30 July 2020
glabrous; styles 2–4.5 mm, 3-fid, each branch then 2-fid, terminal segments 18. Capsules 5–8 × 5–7 mm, sparsely hairy. Seeds 4.5–5.5 × 2.7–3.5 mm, 2.5–3 mm thick
8 KB (578 words) - 18:22, 29 July 2020
membranous, apex 2-fid, 1 mm deep, awn very stout, 2–3 × 0.5 mm at base. Flowers: perianth bristles not persistent on shed achene or 1–2 weakly attached
8 KB (762 words) - 01:53, 30 July 2020
stout, equaling achene; stamens 3; anthers brown, 0.4–0.9 mm; styles 3-fid or a few 2-fid in the same spikelet. Achenes falling with scales, green or medium
9 KB (720 words) - 01:24, 30 July 2020
solitary or in clusters of 2–7 on 3–11 rays, rays not exceeding 8 cm; involucral-bracts that surpass inflorescences 2–4, widest bract 2–8 mm wide. Spikelets
8 KB (786 words) - 01:55, 30 July 2020
many-flowered, not 1-sided, 2–10 cm, elongating at maturity; bracts green or purplish, ovate to wide-elliptic, usually 2-fid, sometimes undivided, 2–6 (–12) ×
10 KB (610 words) - 11:33, 30 July 2020
5 mm; styles 2-fid. Achenes dark graybrown when ripe, unequally biconvex or planoconvex, ovoid to obovoid, 1.8–2.2 × 1.3 mm; beak 0.2 mm. 2n = 68. Phenology:
8 KB (737 words) - 02:01, 30 July 2020
acute to long-acuminate, occasionally 2-fid or 3-fid or ± truncate; petiole 0.4–6 cm; blade ovate, 1.2–2.8 × 0.8–2.7 cm, base cordate to ± truncate, margins
5 KB (621 words) - 11:17, 30 July 2020
spreading], oblong, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals usually white, rarely yellow, obcordate, apex deeply 2-fid; stamens tetradynamous; filaments:
8 KB (706 words) - 12:07, 30 July 2020
scale-like others. Flowers: anthers 0.3–0.5 mm; styles 3-fid or 3-fid and 2-fid. Achenes falling separately from floral scales, orangebrown, each face prominently
7 KB (563 words) - 01:32, 30 July 2020
mm; peristome well developed, irregularly 2-fid or perforate, densely spiculose, 120–180 µm. Calyptra 1.5–2 mm. Spores yellow, weakly papillose. Generated
8 KB (904 words) - 07:08, 30 July 2020
yellowish woolly-tomentose; petals 0; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 3–4 mm, 2 times 2-fid, terminal segments 12. Capsules 6–8 × 8–9 mm, smooth; columella tipped
9 KB (550 words) - 18:27, 29 July 2020
abaxial surface stellate-hairy; petals 0; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 2–3 mm, 2–3 times 2-fid, terminal segments 12–18 (–24). Capsules 7–9 × 5–6 mm, smooth; columella
9 KB (585 words) - 18:18, 29 July 2020
Capsules ovoid-globose, 1.8–2.2 × 3–3.2 mm, slightly 3-lobed; cocci rounded, smooth, glabrous; columella 1.5–2 mm. Seeds white to gray, ellipsoid, 1.4–1.7 × 1–1
9 KB (615 words) - 18:16, 29 July 2020
length. Capsules globose, 2.3–3 × 3.5–4.2 mm, glabrous; columella 2–2.5 mm. Seeds white or light gray, ovoid, 2.5–2.8 × 2.2 mm, with shallow and coarse depressions;
9 KB (690 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
0–0.2 mm, entire. Staminate flowers 10–20. Pistillate flowers: ovary glabrous; styles 0.4–0.8 mm, 2-fid at apex. Capsules globose, 2.3–3.4 × 3.5–4.2 mm
9 KB (658 words) - 18:30, 29 July 2020
spinulose; anthers 2–3 mm; styles 2-fid. Achenes brown, unequally biconvex, obovoid to obpyriform, 1.9–2.6 × 1.3–1.7 mm; beak 0.1–0.3 mm. 2n = 78. Phenology:
8 KB (754 words) - 02:02, 30 July 2020
falcate, or squarrose, plicate or not; costa single, usually long, or double and usually short; alar cells differentiated or not, sometimes inflated; medial
21 KB (586 words) - 07:42, 30 July 2020
trigonous with rounded abaxial faces, ellipsoid, prominently beaked, 2.2–3.2 mm, rugose. 2n = 10. Phenology: Fruiting summer–fall, spring (Texas). Habitat:
9 KB (783 words) - 02:14, 30 July 2020
distal laminal cells 7–10 µm wide, 1: 1, nearly smooth or papillae simple or 2-fid, 2–3 per lumen, lumens irregular or oval to roundedquadrate, walls thin or
9 KB (1,016 words) - 07:05, 30 July 2020
1-sided, 6–11 (–30) cm; bracts leaflike to linear, usually 2-fid, (2–) 3–5 (–15) mm. Pedicels 2–5 (–10) mm; involucellar bractlets absent. Flowers bisexual
11 KB (695 words) - 11:33, 30 July 2020
strigillose; styles 0.4–0.6 mm, 2-fid 1/2 length. Capsules oblate, 2.3–3 × 3.1–4.2 mm, glabrous, sericeous, or strigillose; columella 1.6–2.1 mm. Seeds black to light-brown
9 KB (652 words) - 18:29, 29 July 2020
Pistillate flowers: ovary glabrous; styles 0.7–1 mm, 2-fid. Capsules depressed-globose, 2.5–4 × 3.2–4.2 mm, clearly 3-lobed; cocci rounded, smooth, glabrous;
9 KB (615 words) - 18:29, 29 July 2020
blade narrowly lanceolate to linear, 2–20 (–30) cm × 0.5 mm, apex entire or 2-fid. Flowers to 1 cm wide; pedicels 2–12 mm, elongating in fruit to 20 mm;
6 KB (513 words) - 00:56, 30 July 2020
outer 5–7 mm, 2 inner 1–2 mm, margins entire, apex incurved, abaxial surface stellate; petals 0; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 1–2 mm, 2-fid to base, terminal
8 KB (489 words) - 18:30, 29 July 2020
ovary pilose; styles 1.2 mm, 2-fid nearly entire length. Capsules broadly ovoid, 2.2–3 × 1.9–2.7 mm, 3-lobed, pilose; columella 2–2.4 mm. Seeds gray-brown
9 KB (598 words) - 18:24, 29 July 2020
0.8–2.2 mm, dentate or erose. Staminate flowers 20–25. Pistillate flowers: ovary strigose; styles 1–1.3 mm, 2-fid at apex. Capsules subglobose, 2–3 × 4
8 KB (577 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
divergent, 0.5–1.2 mm. Staminate flowers 6–10. Pistillate flowers: ovary pilose only at base, styles 0.9–1.1 mm, 2-fid. Capsules subovoid, 2–3 × 1.8–3 mm,
8 KB (579 words) - 18:32, 29 July 2020
styles 0.4–0.5 mm, 2-fid. Capsules depressed-globose, 2.1–2.5 × 2.5–3 mm, 3-lobed; cocci flattened, smooth, glabrous; columella 1.2–1.7 mm. Seeds white
8 KB (599 words) - 18:33, 29 July 2020
styles 2-fid. Spikelet achenes blackish brown, planoconvex or usually the adaxial surface longitudinally concave, ovoid to obovoid, 1.3–1.7 × 1.2–1.3 mm
8 KB (727 words) - 02:13, 30 July 2020
Pistillate flowers: ovary glabrous; styles 0.7–1 mm, 2-fid from 1/2 to nearly entire length. Capsules ovoid-oblate, 2.5–3 × 3–3.5 mm, glabrous; columella 1.6–1.9
9 KB (664 words) - 18:33, 29 July 2020
(–2) cm, usually less than 1/2 blade length, glands absent at apex; blade narrowly elliptic-ovate to lanceolate, 1–6.5 × 0.6–2.2 cm, usually less than 1/2
8 KB (436 words) - 18:32, 29 July 2020
equal, 2 mm, margins entire, apex incurved, abaxial surface stellate-lepidote; petals 0; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 1.5–2.5 mm, 2–3 times 2-fid, terminal
7 KB (468 words) - 18:34, 29 July 2020
staminate 1–2 mm, pistillate 2–3 mm. Staminate flowers: sepals 5 (–6), 2–2.5 mm, abaxial surface stellate-hairy; petals 5–6, spatulate, obtuse, 1.5–2.5 mm, abaxial
8 KB (489 words) - 18:35, 29 July 2020
stellate-hairy; petals papillae, 0.5 mm; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 2–3 mm, 2-fid, terminal segments 6. Capsules 7–8 × 5–6 mm, smooth; columella apex with
7 KB (449 words) - 18:29, 29 July 2020
irregularly 2–3 times 2-fid, terminal segments 24, forming matted cluster. Capsules 8–9 × 9–10 mm, verrucose; columella 3-winged. Seeds 6–7 mm diam., shiny.
7 KB (451 words) - 18:32, 29 July 2020
1.5–2 mm, 2-fid to base, terminal segments 6. Capsules 4–5 × 5.5–6 mm, smooth; columella apex with 3 rounded, inflated lobes. Seeds 3.6–4.7 × 2.8–3.4
8 KB (442 words) - 18:25, 29 July 2020
abaxial surface stellate-hairy; petals 0; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 2–3 mm, 2 times 2-fid, terminal segments 12. Capsules 4–5 mm diam., smooth; columella slightly
7 KB (429 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
3-locular; styles 3, 3–4 mm, 2 times 2-fid, terminal segments 12. Capsules 4.5–5.5 × 4 mm, smooth; columella 3-angled. Seeds 3 × 2 mm, dull. Phenology: Flowering
8 KB (458 words) - 18:18, 29 July 2020
perennial, acaulescent, not stoloniferous, 3–10 cm; rhizome thick, fleshy. Leaves basal, ca. 5, ascending to erect; stipules ± oblong, 2-fid, proximal margins
6 KB (507 words) - 11:17, 30 July 2020
an elongate subula, lamina 2-stratose distally; margins erect, becoming serrulate towards the apex, 1-stratose proximally, 2-stratose in the subula; costa
10 KB (909 words) - 07:00, 30 July 2020
sometimes single, single and 2-fid, or triple; medial laminal cells 30–65 × 4–7 µm. Branch leaves loosely imbricate, ovate, 0.4–1.2 × 0.3–0.8 mm; costa often
6 KB (508 words) - 07:44, 30 July 2020
occasionally 2-fid. Leaves loosely imbricate, straight to falcate-secund, ovate or oblong-lanceolate, gradually narrowed to apex, 1.7–2.2 (–2.5) × 0.6–0
7 KB (691 words) - 07:52, 30 July 2020
America Association Plants slender, in interwoven mats. Stems to 1 (–2) cm, branches to 2 (–5) mm, erect; axillary hair distal cell obtuse, pale-brown. Stem-leaves
5 KB (600 words) - 07:48, 30 July 2020
spikes in distal 1/2 of plant; involucel present, bractlets persistent, 3, distinct, free or adnate basally to calyx. Flowers: calyx not inflated (slightly
10 KB (488 words) - 11:29, 30 July 2020
slightly sinuate; apex acuminate, acumen not or gradually differentiated, furrowed; costa single or 2-fid to 1/2–2/3 leaf length, or double and ending before
6 KB (698 words) - 07:43, 30 July 2020
simple or 2-fid, tomentose proximally. Leaves erect, straight or somewhat homomallous when dry, erect-spreading when moist, lanceolate, 1.2–2 mm; margins
6 KB (514 words) - 07:34, 30 July 2020
styles 1.6 mm, 2-fid nearly entire length. Capsules green, depressed-globose to ellipsoid, 2.8–3.2 × 4–4.5 mm, 3-lobed, glabrous; columella 2–2.7 mm. Seeds
11 KB (719 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
strigose; styles 1 mm, 2-fid 1/2 to nearly entire length. Capsules broadly ovoid, 2.9–3.3 × 4–4.8 mm, 3-lobed, glabrous; columella 2.2–2.7 mm. Seeds black to
10 KB (729 words) - 18:30, 29 July 2020
rarely sparsely puberulent; columella 2.1–2.8 mm. Seeds brown-gray to ashy gray, broadly deltoid, 2.4–2.8 × 1.9–2.4 mm, angular in cross-section, dorsal
10 KB (723 words) - 18:30, 29 July 2020
Capsule brown, narrowly cylindric, 1.5–2.5 × 0.45–0.5 mm; peristome teeth 400–500 µm, densely papillose, irregularly 2-fid, arising from a low, to 25 µm, basal
10 KB (921 words) - 06:51, 30 July 2020
midrib excurrent as scabrid mucro or short cusp. Flowers: stamens 3; styles 2-fid, flat, fimbriolate. Achenes pale to deep brown, lenticular-obovoid, 1 mm
7 KB (546 words) - 01:31, 30 July 2020
carinate distally, broadly canaliculate proximally, 2.2–3 × (0.5–) 0.7–1 mm; margin broadly recurved to 2/3–3/4 of the way up the leaf on one side, more narrowly
11 KB (1,016 words) - 06:51, 30 July 2020
ovatelanceolate; margins serrulate to sharply denticulate at apex; costa sometimes 2-fid distally, supplementary costae absent or rudimentary, 1–3 on each side of
7 KB (660 words) - 07:55, 30 July 2020
0.1–0.2 × 0.2–0.5 mm; appendages white to reddish tinged, lunate to oblong, 0.1–0.3 × 0.2–1.5 mm, distal margin crenulate. Staminate flowers 2–5. Pistillate
11 KB (883 words) - 18:35, 29 July 2020
lanceolate-attenuate, 2–2.8 × 1 mm, apex 2-fid. Flowers: perianth bristles 3 or absent, stramineous to pale-brown, rudimentary to 1/2 achene length, obscurely
8 KB (657 words) - 01:26, 30 July 2020
tooth absent. Spikelets ovoid, 4–9 × 2.5–4 mm, apex acute; proximal scale clasping 2/3–3/4 of culm, apex 2-fid; subproximal scale empty or with a flower;
8 KB (678 words) - 01:27, 30 July 2020
0.1 mm; proximal scale to 2 mm; other scales 1.2–1.8 × 1–1.3 mm. Flowers: anthers 0.3–0.6 mm; styles 3-fid or 3-fid and 2-fid. Achenes falling separately
8 KB (612 words) - 01:32, 30 July 2020
angles equally rounded, 3.8–5.5 × 2–2.9 mm, apex rounded, beak 0.2–0.8 mm, surface rather dull, exocarp cells usually not evident at 20X; in cross-section
8 KB (779 words) - 01:54, 30 July 2020
margins not or inconspicuously ciliate, apex 2-fid, bristly-hairy. Flowers horizontal or declinate; calyx divided 2/3 length, campanulate, 1.6–2.8 cm, lobes
10 KB (697 words) - 11:27, 30 July 2020
few-to-many blunt ridges, 10–70 cm × 0.5–2 mm, soft to firm, internally hollow with complete transverse septa 2–5 mm apart, usually evident externally except
10 KB (758 words) - 01:24, 30 July 2020
wide, chlorophyllose, evenly thickened, densely papillose, papillae dense, 2-fid, 1–4 per lumen, cells of basal margin forming a border of oblong or oblong-linear
13 KB (1,329 words) - 07:01, 30 July 2020
Pedicels straight in fruit, 0.5–1.5 (–2) cm, proximal not much longer than distal. Flowers 5-merous; hypanthium 2–2.5 mm diam.; petals pale-yellow to yellow
8 KB (693 words) - 13:54, 30 July 2020
cuneate, 3–10 × 2–5 mm, lobed (lobes 3, oblong-linear, to 1/3 blade lengths, mostly 1–3 mm wide, flat, obtuse, laterals sometimes 2–3-fid; leaves on flowering-stems
7 KB (636 words) - 20:46, 29 July 2020
oblanceolate, 5–8 mm, 1.5–2 times as long as sepals, apex 2-fid; stamens 5; styles 5. Capsules cylindric, straight, 5–12 mm, 1.5–2 times as long as sepals;
8 KB (715 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
closely imbricate, ovate, broadest at 1/4–1/3 (–2/5) leaf length, concave, not or slightly plicate, 2–3 × 0.6–1.2 mm; base gradually rounded, indistinctly short-decurrent;
8 KB (635 words) - 07:47, 30 July 2020
straight, broadly ovatelanceolate, suddenly narrowed to apex, not concave, not plicate, 0.9–1.2 × 0.5–0.6 mm; margins plane, sometimes slightly incurved distally;
7 KB (675 words) - 07:53, 30 July 2020
rhizomes. Culms 2–12 (–19) cm × 0.2–0.4 mm. Leaves: distal leaf-sheaths firm, distally tightly sheathing, apex acute. Spikelets ovoid to ellipsoid, 2–6 (–8) ×
7 KB (588 words) - 01:29, 30 July 2020
Tubercles stramineous to whitish, umbonate to subconic, 0.2–0.4 × 0.2–0.5 mm, apex rounded to acute. 2n = 10. Phenology: Fruiting spring–winter (Mar–Dec). Habitat:
7 KB (631 words) - 01:29, 30 July 2020
glabrous. Flowers 1.2–2.2 cm diam.; epicalyx bractlets usually linear to elliptic, longer than sepals, rarely subequal, often 2-fid or dentate; hypanthium
6 KB (924 words) - 13:54, 30 July 2020
0.7–1.5 mm, 2-fid at apex. Capsules depressed-globose, 2.3–3.3 × 4.4–5 mm, glabrous; columella 2.7–3 mm. Seeds tan to dark-brown, ovoid, 2.2 × 1.6 mm, with
8 KB (611 words) - 18:25, 29 July 2020
than 1/2 of achene body, retrorsely spinulose; anthers 2 mm; crest short, spinulose; styles 2-fid. Achenes brown, biconvex, ovoid to obovoid, 2–2.5 × 1
7 KB (662 words) - 02:01, 30 July 2020
as sepals, apex deeply 2-fid; stamens 10; styles 3 (–6). Capsules ovoid-conic, oblong after dehiscence, straight, 7–10 mm, 1.5–2 times as long as sepals;
8 KB (728 words) - 10:16, 30 July 2020
1 × 0.1–0.2 mm; appendages absent. Staminate flowers 2–5. Pistillate flowers: ovary usually glabrous, rarely pilose; styles 0.1–0.2 mm, 2-fid at apex. Capsules
7 KB (546 words) - 18:34, 29 July 2020
redbrown, 2–2.3 cm. Capsule inclined, brown, cylindric, 1.5–2 × 0.7–0.8 mm; annulus 1-seriate or 2-seriate; operculum conic; endostome cilia 2. Phenology:
8 KB (708 words) - 07:52, 30 July 2020
leaves oblong-lanceolate, larger, 1.1–1.2 × 0.3–0.4 mm. Seta 2–2.4 cm. Capsule erect to suberect, oblong-cylindric, 1.8–2 × 0.6–0.7 mm; exothecial cell shape
8 KB (723 words) - 07:53, 30 July 2020
proximally, often 2-stratose distally in the subula; margins spinulose-denticulate in distal part of the subula or sometimes ± entire, often 2-stratose distally;
8 KB (641 words) - 06:59, 30 July 2020
inclined, curved; neck 2–3 times as long as urn when dry, long-cylindric, strumose at base; peristome teeth 2-fid or irregularly perforate, not fragile, commonly
4 KB (391 words) - 06:59, 30 July 2020
single, ending just below apex or percurrent in apiculus, very stout, rarely 2-fid; alar cells many, quadrate or short-rectangular, region well defined; basal
8 KB (741 words) - 07:42, 30 July 2020
hairy. Flowers 1–2.5 (–3.5) cm diam.; epicalyx bractlets narrowly to broadly ovate-triangular, shorter than sepals, entire, rarely 2-fid or dentate; hypanthium
6 KB (874 words) - 13:54, 30 July 2020
long as urn, long-cylindric, strumose at base; peristome teeth 2-fid or long-perforate, not fragile, commonly persistent; annulus compound, revoluble. Phenology:
4 KB (396 words) - 06:59, 30 July 2020
rudimentary to slightly exceeding tubercle; stamens (2–) 3; anthers brown to yellow, 0.3–0.7 (–1) mm; styles 2–3-fid. Achenes 0.9–1.1 (–1.5) × 0.7–1.1 mm. Tubercles
8 KB (791 words) - 01:30, 30 July 2020
equaling achene; stamens 3; anthers dark yellow to stramineous, 1.2–2 mm; styles 2-fid. Achenes not persistent, dark yellow or medium or dark-brown, ellipsoid
11 KB (999 words) - 01:21, 30 July 2020
free portion ovate to obovate, deeply 2–5-fid, or linear, margins entire; petiole present; blade spatulate, [1–] 2–15 [–18] cm, herbaceous, leaflets 4–10
10 KB (521 words) - 14:14, 30 July 2020
mm, equaling or shorter than sepals, apex 2-fid; stamens 10; styles 5. Capsules cylindric, curved, 6–12 mm, 2–2.25 times as long as sepals; teeth 10, erect
9 KB (845 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
equaling (rarely to 2 times as long as) sepals, apex deeply 2-fid; stamens 10; styles 5. Capsules cylindric, curved, 8–12 mm, ca. 2 times sepals, rarely
12 KB (990 words) - 10:16, 30 July 2020
mid leaf, serrulate distally, occasionally throughout; costa 1/2–3/4 leaf length, often 2-fid distally; alar cells quadrate to transversely elongate, walls
12 KB (767 words) - 07:56, 30 July 2020
glabrous, styles 1.2 mm, 2-fid 1/2 to nearly entire length. Capsules depressed-globose, 2.5–2.8 × 3.5–4 mm, 3-lobed, glabrous; columella 1.8–2.1 mm. Seeds pale
10 KB (675 words) - 18:30, 29 July 2020
7–) 1–1.8 (–2) × (0.3–) 0.5–1 (–1.1) mm; margins plane, entire; apex abruptly acuminate, less often gradually so; costa double, single, or 2-fid, strong,
8 KB (815 words) - 07:43, 30 July 2020
linear-lanceolate, 3–5 × 0.6–0.9 mm; margins recurved to revolute for 1/2–2/3 the leaf length, entire proximally the echlorophyllose part formed by decurrencies
11 KB (1,102 words) - 06:52, 30 July 2020
single to 3/4 leaf length, often 2-fid, occasionally double and short; alar cells few, quadrate to rectangular, region not clearly differentiated; basal laminal
9 KB (760 words) - 07:43, 30 July 2020
short-apiculate; costa slender, usually double and short, sometimes single and 2-fid; alar cells irregular to rectangular, walls thin, usually hyaline, region
8 KB (729 words) - 07:42, 30 July 2020
to 2 cm, ± flexuose. Capsule ± erect, dark-brown, cylindric, to 1.5 mm; operculum high conic to conic-rostrate, 0.7–0.9 mm; peristome teeth 2-fid nearly
8 KB (739 words) - 06:59, 30 July 2020
glabrous, lobes lanceolate to ovate, 1–2 mm; petals bright pink, rarely white, limb unlobed to shallowly 2-fid, 2.5–3.5 mm, base tapered into claw, auricles
9 KB (875 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
enclosing a floret, apices 2–3-fid [entire or erose]). Pistillate florets [2–8] 15–30. Functionally staminate florets 0. Bisexual florets 2–7; corolla lobes 4
8 KB (608 words) - 20:40, 29 July 2020
5 × 1.3–2.5 mm; horns divergent to convergent, 0.2–0.8 mm. Staminate flowers 10–25. Pistillate flowers: ovary glabrous; styles 1.7–2.5 mm, 2-fid. Capsules
11 KB (1,042 words) - 18:32, 29 July 2020
× 6–15 mm, flowering branchlet 2–40 mm; floral bract tawny or brown, 0.5–3.6 mm, apex acute or rounded, entire or 2-fid, abaxially hairy or ciliate, hairs
11 KB (847 words) - 12:29, 30 July 2020
1–3: 1, 1: 2, seldom 2-stratose in patches, cell-walls superficially flat to somewhat convex, firm-walled; papillae low, simple to 2-fid, 1–3 (–5) per
10 KB (1,022 words) - 07:08, 30 July 2020
usually simple. Leaves: stipules persistent or caducous, ovate [unlobed] or 2–4-fid, sparsely to densely stellate-pilose; blade orbiculate, angled, weakly lobed
10 KB (636 words) - 11:23, 30 July 2020
falcate; costa single or occasionally 2-fid distally, moderately strong, usually to mid leaf; medial laminal cells 2: 1, walls incrassate. Branch leaves ovate
6 KB (585 words) - 07:46, 30 July 2020
mm, ca. equaling sepals, apex shortly 2-fid; stamens 5; styles 5. Capsules narrowly conic, straight, 10–15 mm, ca. 2 times as long as sepals; teeth 10, erect
7 KB (634 words) - 10:16, 30 July 2020
stipitate-glandular, fertile portion 0.2–0.8 cm; pistillate peduncle 0.2–1 cm, stipitate-glandular, fertile portion 2–6 × 0.8–1.5 cm; allomorphic pistillate
7 KB (463 words) - 18:24, 29 July 2020
setaceous-acuminate (herbaceous portion similar), not hooded, glabrous or stipitate-glandular; petals 2-fid for 1/2+ their length, 1.2–3.2 mm, equaling or shorter than sepals
7 KB (637 words) - 10:52, 30 July 2020
or branched from basal nodes, 2–7 (–8) cm, minutely glandular, internodes shortened, not evident. Leaves cauline, basal not persistent; petiole 0 mm; blade
7 KB (547 words) - 18:59, 29 July 2020
acuminate (herbaceous portion often obtuse), not hooded, glabrous; petals 2-fid for 1/2–3/4 their length, 2.7–6 mm, subequal to sepals, lobes 1-veined,
6 KB (620 words) - 10:04, 30 July 2020
appendages 2 per stamen, folded inward toward anthers, hiding them and forming corona, white, narrowly lanceolate, 3–4 mm, apex 2-fid into 2 wings; stamens
7 KB (534 words) - 06:02, 30 July 2020
ovate, 1–1.5 mm, obtuse or apically notched, midrib not excurrent. Flowers: stamens usually 1; styles 2-fid, slender, glabrous. Achenes dark-brown to nearly
7 KB (507 words) - 01:31, 30 July 2020
5–20 × 1 mm, margins entire. Inflorescences spikes, 2-flowered, or flowers solitary; bracts 1 (or 2), 5–15 mm, margins 3-lobed, lobes sometimes purplish
6 KB (471 words) - 18:57, 29 July 2020
fertile scales broadly ovate, 1.5–2 mm, acute to obtuse-angled, midrib shortexcurrent as mucro. Flowers: stamens 1–2; styles 2-fid, flat, fimbriate. Achenes whitened-iridescent
7 KB (541 words) - 01:31, 30 July 2020
intact; costa moderately strong, ending before apex, not obscured by laminal cells, often 2-fid at end, pellucid, abaxial costa cells papillose, papillae
10 KB (723 words) - 07:56, 30 July 2020
8–15 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 6–15 mm, lateral lobes 2-fid, palate bearded. Styles glabrous. Anthers included, glabrous. Capsules included
7 KB (521 words) - 18:59, 29 July 2020
lavender, throat deep pink to purple with 2 yellow longitudinal ridges, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate, 2 adaxial lobes much reduced, smaller than
7 KB (494 words) - 18:59, 29 July 2020
usually double, or single, 2-fid, or sometimes ecostate, weak, not reaching mid leaf; medial laminal cells 1–2 (–3):1, walls firm, not incrassate. Branch leaves
7 KB (628 words) - 07:46, 30 July 2020
papillae 2 or 3 per cell, 2-fid, low. Specialized asexual reproduction absent. Sexual condition gonioautoicous. Seta 1–2.2 mm. Capsule 1/2 emergent to
7 KB (539 words) - 07:46, 30 July 2020
1–1.5 times as long as sepals, apex 2-fid; stamens 10; styles 5. Capsules cylindric, slightly curved, 8–11 mm, 1–2 times as long as sepals, teeth 10, ±
7 KB (670 words) - 10:16, 30 July 2020
Stem-leaves flexuose-crisped and loosely appressed, not contorted or twisted when dry, lanceolate, 1–2.2 mm; base ovate; margins reflexed; apex narrowly obtuse;
7 KB (668 words) - 07:33, 30 July 2020
1.8–2.3 mm, ± equal, apex blunt or rounded, hood at ± right angle to apex, formed in part by scarious margins, glabrous; petals 2-fid for ca. 1/2 their
6 KB (656 words) - 10:31, 30 July 2020
lip sinus 1–2.5 mm, adaxial lip sinus 2–4 mm. Styles 2-fid; stigma with 2 discrete areas. Capsules oblong-ovoid, (2–) 3–4.5 (–5) × (1.8–) 2.2–3.5 (–4) mm
7 KB (527 words) - 18:55, 29 July 2020
growing after the spores mature. The stems are loosely foliate and simple or 2-fid. The stem leaves are erect or erect-spreading, usually more crowded toward
8 KB (478 words) - 07:34, 30 July 2020
pointed, 120–175 (–200) µm, smooth, 1-papillose on one margin, or 2-papillose and appearing 2-fid at tip. Perichaetia with leaves plane to weakly concave, margins
6 KB (821 words) - 07:33, 30 July 2020
5–6 mm, apex deeply 2-fid into 2 wings; stamens 3, equal; anthers 4–5 mm; ovary sessile, 4–6 mm; style 5–6 mm; pedicel 1–6 mm. 2n = 18, 36. Phenology:
6 KB (441 words) - 06:02, 30 July 2020
papillae 2 or 3 per cell, conic or 2-fid, large. Specialized asexual reproduction on leaves. Sexual condition gonioautoicous. Seta to 1.4 mm. Capsule 1/2–3/4
8 KB (632 words) - 07:46, 30 July 2020
entire; apex acuminate, acumen sharply differentiated, furrowed; costa usually 2-fid just beyond base, occasionally with 3 or 4 branches, ending well before mid
5 KB (538 words) - 07:43, 30 July 2020
7–) 1–2.4 mm wide; apex obtuse, usually apiculate, acute, or acuminate; costa double or occasionally single, rarely ecostate, when single often 2-fid, reaching
6 KB (664 words) - 07:46, 30 July 2020
Inflorescences umbellate or racemose, usually dense, 2–20-flowered, bracteate; bracts 2–4, ± papery, not enclosing flower buds. Flowers: perianth 6-tepaled
9 KB (482 words) - 06:02, 30 July 2020
(connate to distinct 1/2 their lengths), 0.6–2.2 mm; stigmas slenderly cylindrical, 0.35–0.56–0.88 (–1.13) mm. Capsules 4–9 mm. 2n = 76, 114. Phenology:
22 KB (2,337 words) - 12:28, 30 July 2020
subequal, exceeding achene, 2.5–3.2 mm, coarsely retrorsely spinulose; anthers reddish-brown, 1.5–1.9 mm; styles 3-fid or sometimes 2-fid. Achenes pale-brown,
9 KB (766 words) - 01:31, 30 July 2020
subequal, exceeding achene, to 2.9 mm, coarsely spinulose; anthers stramineous to reddish, 2.5–5 mm; styles 2-fid or 3-fid. Achenes stramineous to golden-yellow
9 KB (696 words) - 01:31, 30 July 2020
setose, apex simple, 2-fid, or appendaged, spreading in flower to reflexed in fruit. Flowers horizontal or ascending; calyx divided 2/3+ length, cylindric-campanulate
10 KB (699 words) - 11:27, 30 July 2020
redbrown, 2.3–2.9 mm; styles 3-fid, sometimes 2-fid. Achenes yellow or pale green to brown or purplish, biconvex, obovoid to obpyriform, 1.8–3 × 1.3–2 mm, almost
9 KB (755 words) - 01:31, 30 July 2020
ca. 0.7 mm, awns 2, basal, 2–3-fid, 0.2–0.3 mm; ovary glabrous; style ca. 4 mm; stigma slightly exserted, slender, capitate. Capsules 1–2 mm, glabrous. Seeds
6 KB (506 words) - 13:18, 30 July 2020
inclined, brown, oblong-cylindric, 1.8–2.2 mm; annulus 2-seriate or 3-seriate; operculum conic; endostome cilia (1–) 2–3. Phenology: Capsules mature Aug–Sep
9 KB (891 words) - 07:52, 30 July 2020
style-branches irregularly 2-fid. Capsules not reflexed at maturity, longer than wide. Seeds bilaterally winged. Habitat: Not known to flower in the flora
8 KB (559 words) - 05:18, 30 July 2020
18–25 mm, at least 2 times as long as sepals, apex deeply 2-fid; stamens 10; styles 5. Capsules narrowly conic, straight, 15–22 mm, ca. 2 times as long as
8 KB (646 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
obtriangular, 10–18 mm, 2–2.5 times as long as sepals, apex 2-fid; stamens 10; styles 5. Capsules cylindric, slightly curved, 10–15 mm, 1.5–2 times as long as
8 KB (710 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
3–0.5 mm, 2-fid 1/2 length. Capsules oblate, cocci not elongated nor terminating in empty portion, 2–2.6 × 3.2–3.7 mm, glabrous; columella 1.7–2.1 mm. Seeds
8 KB (589 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
shorter than sepals, apex 2-fid ca. 1/4 of length; stamens 5; styles 5. Capsules narrowly cylindric, curved, 7–8.5 mm, ca. 2 times as long as sepals; teeth
8 KB (725 words) - 10:16, 30 July 2020
glandular-pubescent, hairs usually not projecting beyond apex; petals ca. 3 mm, ca. 0.75 times as long as sepals, apex 2-fid; stamens 4 (–5); styles 4 (–5)
8 KB (700 words) - 10:16, 30 July 2020
tube 2–3.5 mm wide, spurs straight or curved, 12–17 mm, longer than rest of corolla, abaxial lip sinus 1–2 mm, adaxial lip sinus 3–6 mm. Styles 2-fid; stigma
8 KB (727 words) - 18:55, 29 July 2020
to 1.2 cm; involucellar bractlets 8–10, terete, 0.6–1.6 cm, margins setose, apices 2-fid or appendaged. Flowers horizontal; calyx divided nearly 2/3 length
9 KB (671 words) - 11:27, 30 July 2020
1.5 times as long as sepals, apex 2-fid; stamens 10; styles 3 (–4). Capsules oblong-ovoid, straight, 8–11 mm, ca. 2 times as long as sepals; teeth 6, occasionally
8 KB (686 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
secund, somewhat flexuose, spreading to reflexed when moist, oblong-ligulate, 2.2–4 mm; base broadly decurrent; margins plane, entire; apex obtuse, rounded
8 KB (718 words) - 07:56, 30 July 2020
styles 0.5–1.1 mm, 2-fid at apex to 1/2 length. Capsules globose, 1.8–3 × 2.5–4.8 mm, glabrous or sparsely strigose; columella 2.3–2.5 mm. Seeds light gray
8 KB (626 words) - 18:22, 29 July 2020
almost subulate, laminal cells papillose. Seta (0.5–) 0.9–2.2 cm. Capsule elongate, urn (1–) 1.8–2.3 (–2.5) mm; stomata at base; annulus absent; operculum obliquely
9 KB (650 words) - 07:56, 30 July 2020
oblanceolate, 3–5 mm, rarely absent, usually shorter than sepals, apex deeply 2-fid; stamens 10; styles 5. Capsules narrowly cylindric, curved, 7–10 mm; teeth
8 KB (686 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
styles 0.6–1.1 mm, 2-fid at apex to 1/2 length. Capsules globose, 2.5–3.2 × 4.3–5.1 mm, glabrous or sparsely strigose to sericeous; columella 2.4–3.1 mm. Seeds
8 KB (608 words) - 18:13, 29 July 2020
on outer 2 or all 5 sepals formed in part by scarious margins, glabrous or glandular; petals 2-fid for ca. 1/2+ their length, 1.5–4 mm, 11/4–11/2 times as
6 KB (658 words) - 10:42, 30 July 2020
1–1.5 times as long as sepals, apex 2-fid; stamens 10; styles 5. Capsules cylindric, slightly curved, 9–12 mm, 1.5–2 times as long as sepals; teeth 10,
9 KB (731 words) - 10:16, 30 July 2020
hairs exceeding sepal tips; petals oblanceolate, 2–3 mm, ca. 0.5 times as long as sepals, apex 2-fid, sparsely ciliate proximally; stamens 10, with few
8 KB (753 words) - 10:16, 30 July 2020
ovate, ovate or oblong-lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, (1.5–) 2.2–2.9 (–3.2) × (0.8–) 1–1.2 mm, margins recurved on both sides in the proximal half, plane
11 KB (1,131 words) - 06:52, 30 July 2020
equaling sepals, apex 2-fid for ca. 1/4 length; stamens 5; styles 5. Capsules narrowly cylindric, slightly curved upward, 6–9 mm, ca. 2 times as long as sepals;
10 KB (974 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
lanceolate-ovate, (1–) 1.5–3.2 mm, sometimes sparsely ciliolate; wings elliptic to obovate or oblanceolate, (2–) 4–6.2 × 1.4–2.2 mm, apex abruptly cuspidate
8 KB (618 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
wider at base, 3–5.4 × 1.2–2.1 mm; petals linear-elliptic, somewhat falcate, 3–5.2 × 0.5–0.8 mm; lip triangular-ovate, 3–4 × 2–2.4 mm, base with pair of
7 KB (579 words) - 05:29, 30 July 2020
0.9–1.3 mm, 2-fid. Capsules ovoid-globose, 2.5–3.2 × 3 mm, slightly lobed; cocci rounded to ± flattened, smooth, glabrous; columella 1.5–2 mm. Seeds white
9 KB (618 words) - 18:20, 29 July 2020
Pistillate flowers: ovary villous; styles 0.3–0.4 mm, 2-fid 1/2 length. Capsules subglobose to ovoid, 1–1.2 mm diam., villous; columella 0.9–1.1 mm. Seeds pink
8 KB (571 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
glabrous; styles 0.5–0.9 mm, 2-fid 1/2 length. Capsules depressed-ovoid, 1.5–1.6 × 1.7–1.8 mm, glabrous; columella 1.5–2 mm. Seeds brown to grayish white
9 KB (643 words) - 18:16, 29 July 2020
Capsules broadly ovoid, 1.2–2 × 1.4–1.5 mm, crisped-villous along keels and toward base, often glabrous between keels; columella 1–1.2 mm. Seeds white but with
9 KB (687 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
concave, (0.3–) 0.6–0.9 (–1.7) × (0.2–) 0.3–0.4 (–0.8) mm; margins plane, entire; apex acute; costa usually single to 1/3–1/2 leaf length, much less frequently
7 KB (673 words) - 07:42, 30 July 2020
costa single and slender or broad and 2-fid. Seta yellowish red to red, 1–1.7 cm. Capsule with endostome cilia 2 or 3. Habitat: Irrigated, sand covered
8 KB (750 words) - 07:42, 30 July 2020
or ovate, 2 mm, acute to obtuse angled, glabrous, midrib reaching scale tip or excurrent, finely mucronate. Flowers: stamens 1–2; styles 2-fid, flat, fimbriate
8 KB (626 words) - 01:31, 30 July 2020
costa in section with 1 or 2 stereid bands or costa homogeneous; distal laminal cells quadrate, with 3–4 irregular to 2-fid papillae, walls thin and evenly
7 KB (919 words) - 07:03, 30 July 2020
lanceolate, 4–8 × 0.5–2.5 mm. Pedicels erect, 1–7 mm in flower, 2.5–9 mm in fruit. Calyx lobes lanceolate, 3–5 × 0.7–1.5 mm in flower, 3–6 × 1–2 mm in fruit, apex
7 KB (655 words) - 18:54, 29 July 2020
orbicular, or less often ovate, plane or shallowly concave, (0.8–) 1.1–1.7 (–2.2) × (0.6–) 0.8–1.3 (–1.7) mm; margins plane or narrowly recurved basally, sometime
10 KB (922 words) - 07:42, 30 July 2020
glandular distally, glands 1–2, discoid; blade elliptic, broadly elliptic, or obovate (orbiculate in gravesii clone), 3.5–7 × 2–4 cm, base cuneate to obtuse
8 KB (685 words) - 14:21, 30 July 2020
funnelform, 8–12 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb broadly expanded, lobes 2-fid, palate villous. Styles minutely glandular. Anthers included, margins ciliate
7 KB (532 words) - 18:59, 29 July 2020
papillae simple or 2-fid, 2–3 per lumen, lumens roundedquadrate, walls thin or evenly thickened, weakly convex on both sides of lamina, distal 2/3–3/4 of the
8 KB (1,026 words) - 07:05, 30 July 2020
distal laminal cells 7–10 µm wide, 1: 1, nearly smooth or papillae simple or 2-fid, 2–3 per lumen, lumens quadrate or roundedquadrate, walls weakly convex on
8 KB (972 words) - 07:05, 30 July 2020
7–10 mm, 1.5–2 times as long as sepals, apex 2-fid; stamens 10; styles 5. Capsules ovate-cylindric, ca. straight, short, broad, 9–13 mm, ca. 2 times as long
7 KB (702 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
nodose; distal cells 6–13 µm, 1-stratose, papillae 1 or 2 per cell, conic and small, or 2-fid and low. Specialized asexual reproduction absent. Sexual
9 KB (688 words) - 07:55, 30 July 2020
distinct or connate and 2-fid, 5 mm, proximal divided to base, distal often undivided, shorter than to equaling pedicels. Pedicels 2–3 (–10) mm; involucellar
11 KB (708 words) - 11:33, 30 July 2020
10–14 mm, 1.5–2 times as long as sepals, apex deeply 2-fid; stamens 10; styles 5. Capsules slightly conic or cylindric, straight, 10–22 mm, ca. 2 times as long
9 KB (768 words) - 10:16, 30 July 2020
obovate, 4–8 mm, 1.5–2 times as long as sepals, apex deeply 2-fid; stamens 10; styles 5. Capsules cylindric, slightly curved, 6–12 mm, 1–2 times as long as
11 KB (920 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
puberulent on keels, styles 0.8–1.1 mm, 2-fid 1/2 to nearly entire length. Capsules broadly depressed-oblong to ovoid, 2.7–3.3 × 3.1–3.9 mm, puberulent (with
11 KB (696 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
linear and highly reduced. Cyathia: peduncle 2–5.5 mm. Involucre broadly globose-cupulate, 1.7–2.1 × 2.2–2.5 mm, glabrous or puberulent; involucral lobes
9 KB (604 words) - 18:26, 29 July 2020
petals broadly oblanceolate, large, 10–15 mm, 2–3 times as long as sepals, apex 2-fid; stamens 10; anthers 0.9–1.2 mm; styles 5. Capsules broadly cylindric
10 KB (931 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
oblong to ovate, 2 mm, acute to obtuse-angled, smooth, midrib reaching apex or excurrent as mucro. Flowers: stamens 1 (–2); styles 2-fid, flat, fimbriate
9 KB (648 words) - 01:31, 30 July 2020
setose, apex 2-fid or appendaged, sometimes obscurely so. Flowers horizontal or declinate; calyx divided 1/2–2/3 length, campanulate, 1.5–2.4 cm, enlarging
10 KB (688 words) - 11:27, 30 July 2020
oblanceolate, 4–5 mm, ± equaling sepals, apex 2-fid; stamens 10; styles 5. Capsules cylindric, curved, (5–) 7–10 (–11) mm, ca. 2 times as long as sepals; teeth 10
8 KB (714 words) - 10:16, 30 July 2020
sometimes glandular distally, glands 1–2, discoid; blade usually elliptic, broadly elliptic, or obovate, rarely ovate, 5–11 × 2–5.5 cm, base usually cuneate to
11 KB (1,026 words) - 14:21, 30 July 2020
triangular calyxlike structure; styles 0.4–0.6 mm, 2-fid 1/2 length. Capsules broadly ovoid, 1–1.5 × 1.7–2.1 mm, glabrous; columella 1–1.4 mm. Seeds reddish-brown
9 KB (685 words) - 18:27, 29 July 2020
axillary cymose branches 0–4. Cyathia: peduncle 0.3–0.9 mm. Involucre cupulate, 2–2.2 × 1.3–1.8 mm, glabrous; glands 4, oblong to broadly ovate, usually truncate
9 KB (743 words) - 18:13, 29 July 2020
reduced leaves; bracts lanceolate to ovate, usually 2-fid or deeply 2-lobed, distal usually 2-fid, proximal separated to base and often with leaf remnant
10 KB (776 words) - 11:35, 30 July 2020
and is naked. The exostome teeth are imperfect, perforate, and sometimes 2-fid. None. Leucodon andrewsianus, Leucodon brachypus, Leucodon julaceus window
9 KB (483 words) - 07:55, 30 July 2020
concentrated along keels, rarely glabrous; styles 0.2–0.3 mm, 2-fid 1/2 length. Capsules ovoid, 1.2–1.6 × 1.2–1.4 mm, usually pilose or villous with hairs concentrated
9 KB (637 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
ovatelanceolate, triangular, rounded-triangular, or cordate, not plicate, 0.9–6.4 × 0.4–1.6 mm; base not or hardly decurrent (narrowly decurrent in D. cardotii);
12 KB (706 words) - 07:43, 30 July 2020
Leaves: basal rarely ± 2-ranked; cauline (0–) 1–3 (–4); primary leaves pinnate (with distal leaflets distinct or confluent), (1.5–) 2–20 (–32) cm; petiole:
18 KB (1,094 words) - 13:58, 30 July 2020
Plants to 2.5 cm, appearing glaucous. Stem-leaves stiff, closely erect-appressed, incurved when dry, oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, 2–2.7 mm; margins
7 KB (588 words) - 07:52, 30 July 2020
5. Treatment on page 68. Mentioned on page 67. Petals white, apex deeply 2-fid into V-shaped notch. Phenology: Flowering late spring–summer. Habitat: Pinyon-juniper
2 KB (608 words) - 10:15, 30 July 2020
distal laminal cells 7–10 µm wide, 1: 1, nearly smooth or papillae simple or 2-fid, 2–3 per lumen, lumens quadrate or roundedquadrate, walls somewhat thickened
10 KB (1,128 words) - 07:05, 30 July 2020
petals 12–18 mm, 1–2 times as long as sepals, apex 2-fid; stamens 10; styles 5. Capsules broadly conic, straight or almost so, 14–18 mm, 1.5–2 times as long
10 KB (900 words) - 10:16, 30 July 2020
8–1.5 mm, 2-fid. Capsules depressed-globose, 2–3.5 × 4 mm, 3-lobed; cocci rounded, verrucose, verrucae 0.1–0.2 mm, glabrous; columella 1.4–2.2 mm. Seeds
12 KB (1,006 words) - 18:20, 29 July 2020
costa usually single, rarely 2-fid near tip, strong, to mid leaf or into acumen, somewhat flared in acumen; medial laminal cells 2–3: 1, walls incrassate. Branch
6 KB (622 words) - 07:46, 30 July 2020
wide-elliptic or narrower, sometimes 2-fid, 2–6 mm, shorter than or equaling pedicel, not obscuring calyx, glabrous or ciliate. Pedicels 4–5 mm. Flowers: calyx
6 KB (584 words) - 11:33, 30 July 2020
quadrate, walls thin, usually not nodose; distal cells (7–) 11–14 (–16) µm, 1-stratose, papillae 2–4 per cell, simple to 2-fid, large. Specialized asexual
7 KB (562 words) - 07:33, 30 July 2020
papillae 1–3 per cell, 2-fid, low. Specialized asexual reproduction absent. Sexual condition gonioautoicous. Seta 0.5–1.1 mm. Capsule 1/2 emergent when dry
7 KB (524 words) - 07:53, 30 July 2020
short-rectangular, walls thin, not nodose; distal cells 13–16 µm, 1-stratose, papillae 2 or 3 per cell, simple to 2-fid, high; marginal cells 2-stratose or 3-stratose
7 KB (532 words) - 07:56, 30 July 2020
mm, crest 2-parted with 2–4 entire or 2-fid lobes on each side. Capsules ellipsoid, 1.5–2 × 1 mm, margins not winged. Seeds 0.7–1.1 mm, pubescent, hairs
6 KB (529 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
tube-throat cylindric, 8–12 mm, exserted 2–3 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 8–15 mm, central lobe 2-fid, abaxial limb sparsely villous-bearded. Styles
7 KB (496 words) - 18:59, 29 July 2020
mm; fertile scales broadly ovate, 2–3 mm, apex obtuse, entire, midrib excurrent or not. Flowers: stamens 3, styles 2-fid, flattened, fimbriate. Achenes near
7 KB (501 words) - 01:31, 30 July 2020
portion similar), 2.3–3 mm, subequal, apex obtuse (herbaceous portion acute to acuminate), not hooded, stipitate-glandular; petals 2-fid for 1/2+ their length
6 KB (638 words) - 10:15, 30 July 2020
1-stratose, occasionally with 2-stratose streaks, papillae 2 or 3 per cell, conic, sometimes 2-fid, size moderate; marginal cells 2–3 (–7) -stratose. Specialized
8 KB (630 words) - 07:32, 30 July 2020
styles 0.6–1 mm, 2-fid at apex. Capsules globose, 2.3–2.8 × 4.3–5.1 mm, glabrous; columella 2.5–3.2 mm. Seeds ashy gray, ovoid, 2.9 × 2 mm, with obscure
7 KB (565 words) - 18:26, 29 July 2020
petals 5, 4–6 mm, equaling or slightly longer than sepals, blade apex deeply 2-fid; stamens 10; styles 3, ascending, ca. 1.5 mm. Capsules green to straw colored
7 KB (627 words) - 10:19, 30 July 2020
narrow, 2–3 cells across the convex adaxial surface; distal laminal cells hexagonal, 15–20 µm wide, 1: 1, densely papillose with several 2-fid papillae
8 KB (1,011 words) - 07:09, 30 July 2020
and 4–6-lobed, campanulate calyptrae. The branches are stout and usually 2-fid; the basal laminal cells are porose; the seta is smooth; the exostome teeth
7 KB (509 words) - 07:33, 30 July 2020
convergent, 0.1–0.2 mm. Staminate flowers 15–20. Pistillate flowers: ovary glabrous; styles 1.2–2 mm, 2-fid. Capsules globose, 2–2.8 × 2.2–2.7 mm, 3-lobed;
8 KB (538 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
on page 512, 529. Plants 7–65 cm. Leaves: basal 0–2, blade elliptic, 3–7 x 2–5 mm, 1-pinnatifid or 2-pinnatifid, margins of adjacent lobes nonoverlapping
7 KB (621 words) - 19:29, 29 July 2020
margins entire or irregularly or obscurely glandular-toothed, sometimes 2-fid at apices, ciliate, surfaces hairy; petals white, sometimes turning pink
7 KB (611 words) - 14:21, 30 July 2020
distally narrow, 2–4 cells across the convex adaxial surface; distal laminal cells hexagonal, 16–19 µm wide, 1: 1, papillose with 4–6 1-fid to 2-fid papillae.
5 KB (825 words) - 07:09, 30 July 2020
laminal cells. The distal leaf margins are strongly serrate, with teeth often 2-fid. Callicostella may also be distinguished from closely related genera by its
7 KB (491 words) - 07:42, 30 July 2020
often purplish, linear, 4–8 × to 2 mm, slightly longer than pedicels, usually 2-fid, sometimes undivided. Pedicels 2–3 mm; involucellar bractlets absent
9 KB (592 words) - 11:34, 30 July 2020
Staminate flowers 2–5. Pistillate flowers: ovary glabrous; styles 0.2–0.3 mm, 2-fid at apex to nearly 1/2 length. Capsules ovoid, cocci not elongated nor terminating
8 KB (614 words) - 18:18, 29 July 2020
slender, elongate, 1-sided or not, 6–30 cm; bracts inconspicuous, linear, 2-fid, 2–4 mm, shorter than calyx and pedicels. Pedicels 2–8 (–10) mm; involucellar
9 KB (578 words) - 11:33, 30 July 2020
shallowly, palmately 5-lobed, lobe not 1-sided, 3–8 cm, elongating in fruit; bracts linear, unlobed or infrequently 2-fid, 2–5 mm, subequal to or longer than
9 KB (627 words) - 11:36, 30 July 2020
0.5–1.2 mm. Leaves: stipules lanceolate, 2–4 × 1–1.5 mm; petiole 1–3 cm, to 1/2–2 1/2 times as long as blade; blade reniform to flabelliform, rounded
9 KB (692 words) - 11:34, 30 July 2020
styles 0.8 mm, 2-fid. Capsules ovoid-globose, 2.6–2.7 × 2.5–2.7 mm, slightly lobed; cocci rounded to ± flattened, smooth, glabrous; columella 2–2.1 mm. Seeds
9 KB (705 words) - 18:24, 29 July 2020
patent, loosely arranged, broadly ovate, moderately concave, not plicate, 2.2–3.7 × 1.3–2 mm; base narrowly short-decurrent; margins plane or recurved
8 KB (612 words) - 07:49, 30 July 2020
papillose with 4–5 2-fid papillae. Sexual condition gonioautoicous. Sporophytes exerted. Seta 1.2–1.5 (–2.5) cm. Capsule stegocarpic, not systylius, cylindric
6 KB (831 words) - 07:09, 30 July 2020
1-stratose, papillae 1–4 per cell, 2-fid, small. Specialized asexual reproduction absent. Sexual condition gonioautoicous. Seta 2–3 mm. Capsule emergent or exserted
9 KB (620 words) - 07:55, 30 July 2020
Seta length ca. 0.7–1.4 (–2) cm. Capsule stegocarpic, not systylius, cylindric, erect and nearly straight, urn length ca. (1.7–) 2.5–3.5 mm; peristome 800–1000
6 KB (865 words) - 07:09, 30 July 2020
mm, crest 2-parted, with 3 entire or 2-fid, linear lobes on each side; stamens 6 (–8). Capsules broadly ellipsoid to subglobose, 1.6–2 × 1.2–1.6 mm, margins
9 KB (726 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
16–21 µm wide, 1–2: 1, strongly 2-fid papillose. Sexual condition autoicous. Sporophytes exerted. Seta 0.9–1.5 cm. Capsule stegocarpic, not systylius, cylindric
6 KB (799 words) - 07:09, 30 July 2020
distal laminal cells hexagonal, 10–13 µm wide, 1: 1, strongly papillose with 2-fid papillae. Sexual condition apparently dioicous but probably monoicous, uncommonly
6 KB (889 words) - 07:09, 30 July 2020
strongly papillose with 4–5 2-fid papillae. Sexual condition autoicous. Sporophytes exerted. Seta 1–3 cm. Capsule stegocarpic, not systylius, cylindric, erect
6 KB (954 words) - 07:09, 30 July 2020
to deltate, 3.5–6 × 2.7–4 mm, apex acuminate, often strongly cuspidate; keel 2.8–3.5 mm, crest 2-parted, with 2 or 3 entire or 2-fid lobes on each side
8 KB (681 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
glabrous; styles 0.5 mm, 2-fid. Capsules depressed-ovoid, 2.2–2.4 × 3.2–3.4 mm, 3-lobed; cocci rounded, smooth, glabrous; columella 2–2.1 mm. Seeds gray, ovoid
8 KB (584 words) - 18:19, 29 July 2020
flowers: ovary pilose; styles 0.6–0.7 mm, 2-fid 1/2 length. Capsules subglobose to broadly ovoid, 1.1–1.6 × 1.3–2.1 mm, pilose; columella 1.1–1.6 mm. Seeds
9 KB (670 words) - 18:18, 29 July 2020
recurved in middle 2/3 of leaf or more, not or weakly bordered distally with ca. 2 rows of less papillose, thicker-walled cells, to ca. 2: 1; costa long-excurrent
6 KB (842 words) - 07:09, 30 July 2020
2-parted, with 2–4 2-fid lobes on each side. Capsules obovoid, ellipsoid or subglobose, 1.5–2 × 1.5–2 mm, margins not winged. Seeds 1.2–1.6 mm, pubescent; aril
7 KB (554 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
Capsules globose, 2–2.4 × 3.3–4.8 mm, glabrous or sparsely villous; columella 1.8–2.1 mm. Seeds light gray, ovoid, 2.2–2.4 × 1.6–1.8 mm, with shallow depressions;
9 KB (691 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
narrow, membranous, apex acute, glabrous; petals 5, ca. 2 mm, shorter than sepals, blade apex deeply 2-fid, lobes narrowly elliptic; stamens 5, inserted in prominent
8 KB (676 words) - 10:19, 30 July 2020
flowers: ovary smooth, glabrous; styles 0.6–1 mm, 2-fid. Capsules depressed-globose, 1.8–2.2 × 2.2–2.9 mm, slightly lobed; cocci rounded to slightly flattened
9 KB (658 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
weakly developed on outer 2 sepals, glabrous or sessile-glandular; petals 2-fid for 1/2 or less their length, 1.3–2.6 mm, 1/2–1 times as long as sepals
6 KB (634 words) - 10:12, 30 July 2020
crest 2-parted, with 3 2-fid or entire lobes on each side; stamens 6–8. Capsules broadly ellipsoid to subglobose, 1.6–2 × 1.2–1.6 mm, margins not winged
8 KB (638 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
cells hexagonal or subquadrate, 10–13 µm wide, 1: 1, strongly papillose with 2-fid or multiplex papillae. Sexual condition autoicous, but plants often bearing
7 KB (876 words) - 07:09, 30 July 2020
commissures, longitudinal, parallel, not obviously reticulate; petals white, clawed, claw equaling calyx, limb deeply 2-fid into 2 spatulate lobes, to 5 mm, appendages
9 KB (804 words) - 10:24, 30 July 2020
0–0.2 mm, entire. Staminate flowers 20–25. Pistillate flowers: ovary glabrous; styles 0.4–0.8 mm, 2-fid at apex. Capsules depressed-globose, 1.8–2.5 ×
10 KB (747 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
speciesCroton cortesianus Kunth in A. von Humboldt et al. Nov. Gen. Sp. 2(fol.): 66; 2(qto.): 83. 1817. Benjamin W. van Ee, Paul E. Berry Common names: Cortez’s
8 KB (464 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
densely hairy. Flowers 1–1.5 (–2) cm diam.; epicalyx bractlets narrowly to broadly ovate-triangular, equal to sepals, often 2-fid or dentate; hypanthium patelliform
7 KB (950 words) - 13:54, 30 July 2020
smooth or papillae simple or 2-fid, 2–3 per lumen, lumens roundedquadrate, walls thickened, weakly convex on both sides of lamina, 2-stratose in distal leaf
8 KB (943 words) - 07:05, 30 July 2020
cm; bracts linear or narrowly oblong-lanceolate, 2-fid, usually inrolled, proximal separated to base, 2–4 mm, usually equaling or slightly longer than pedicels
11 KB (654 words) - 11:36, 30 July 2020
peduncle 0.2–2.5 mm. Involucre obconic, 0.7–1.1 × 0.5–0.8 mm, glabrous; glands (2–3) –4, red to reddish green, circular to oblong, 0.1 × 0.1–0.2 mm; appendages
10 KB (712 words) - 18:24, 29 July 2020
styles 1.5 mm, 2-fid nearly entire length. Capsules purpurescent, depressed-globose, 2.8–3.2 × 3.6–4 mm, 3-lobed, glabrous; columella 2.6–2.9 mm. Seeds dark-brown
8 KB (578 words) - 18:22, 29 July 2020
wide-lanceolate to ovate, 7–8 × 2–4 mm; petioles of basal leaves 6–15 cm, 2 times as long as blade, reduced distally, much less than 1/2 times as long as blade
9 KB (753 words) - 11:35, 30 July 2020
overlapping or not, several flowers often open at same time; bracts linear, divided nearly to base, (2–) 5–7 (–9) mm, distal undivided or 2-fid, usually equaling
9 KB (720 words) - 11:35, 30 July 2020
bracts leaflike, often divided to base, distal linear to oblong, undivided or 2-fid, 3–6 mm, usually equaling pedicels. Pedicels 3–6 (–20) mm, proximal longest
7 KB (683 words) - 11:35, 30 July 2020
or simple to 2-fid, occasionally absent, lumens oval to roundedquadrate, walls thin to evenly thickened, convex on both sides of lamina, 2-stratose in one
8 KB (910 words) - 07:04, 30 July 2020
elliptic, 5–6 × 2 mm on proximal stem, 4–5 × 0.5 mm on distal stem; petiole 5.5–16 cm, basal 3–5 times longer than blades, reduced distally to 1/2 times as long
11 KB (695 words) - 11:35, 30 July 2020
densely pilose; styles 0.4–0.8 mm, 2-fid 1/2 length. Capsules ovoid, 1.5–2.2 × 1.8–2.2 mm, tomentose; columella 1.2–1.6 mm. Seeds white, gray, or light-brown
8 KB (586 words) - 18:27, 29 July 2020
Staminate flowers 25–30. Pistillate flowers: ovary glabrous; styles 0.7–2.2 mm, 2-fid. Capsules depressed-globose, 9–12 × 12–16 mm, deeply 3-lobed, tardily
9 KB (620 words) - 18:22, 29 July 2020
cuspidate; axillary cymose branches 0–2 (–4). Cyathia: peduncle 0.3–1 mm. Involucre campanulate to broadly turbinate, 2.2–3 × 2–2.5 mm, glabrous; glands 4, irregularly
9 KB (725 words) - 18:19, 29 July 2020
styles 1 mm, 2-fid at apex. Capsules depressed-globose, 1 locule usually aborting, 2.5 (–3) × 2.7–3.3 (–5) mm, sparsely tomentose; columella 2.6–3 mm. Seeds
8 KB (559 words) - 18:13, 29 July 2020
rarely, deeply 2-lobed); stamens slightly to strongly tetradynamous; filaments dilated or not basally, (glabrous); anthers ovate or oblong, (not apiculate);
85 KB (2,094 words) - 12:08, 30 July 2020
crest 2-parted, with 3 2-fid (rarely entire) lobes on each side. Capsules depressed-suborbicular, 0.6–1 × 0.8–1.2 mm, margins not winged. Seeds 0.5–1 mm
9 KB (796 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
1–5 mm. Involucre campanulate, 2–4 × 1.2–3 mm, glabrous; glands 4–5, elliptic, ovate, or suborbiculate, 1.2–1.8 × 1.5–2.7 mm; horns absent or slightly
8 KB (595 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
10–12. Pistillate flowers: ovary glabrous; styles 0.6–1 mm, 2-fid. Capsules subglobose, 2–2.5 × 2.4–3 mm, slightly lobed; cocci rounded, smooth, glabrous;
8 KB (632 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
ovoid-oblong, truncate at both ends, 2.6–3.4 × 2–2.6 mm, shallowly pitted to almost smooth; caruncle conic, 1 × 0.8 mm. 2n = 26. Phenology: Flowering and fruiting
8 KB (611 words) - 18:20, 29 July 2020
1–1.5 × 1.2–1.8 mm, sometimes irregularly lobed; horns absent. Staminate flowers 20–25. Pistillate flowers: ovary glabrous; styles 2.4–3 mm, 2-fid. Capsules
8 KB (574 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
peduncle 0–2 mm. Involucre cupulate, 0.3–0.5 × 0.6–0.8 mm, glabrous; glands 4, elliptic to crescent-shaped, 0.2–0.4 × 0.3–0.6 mm; horns divergent, 0.2–0.5 mm
8 KB (596 words) - 18:24, 29 July 2020
from) scales; styles 2 (–3) -fid. Achenes almost white, ovate to obovate in outline, biconvex to planoconvex, 0.7–1.6 × 0.8–1 mm. 2n = 64, 66. Phenology:
9 KB (717 words) - 01:30, 30 July 2020
congested or loose terminal spikes 1–2 cm, these in distal leaf-axils or terminating each branch; floral bracts usually 2-fid, 3–6 × 1 mm, or flowers subtended
9 KB (721 words) - 11:29, 30 July 2020
flowers 3–5. Pistillate flowers: ovary densely strigose; styles 0.4–0.5 mm, 2-fid 1/2 length. Capsules conic to truncate-ovoid, scarcely exserted from involucre
9 KB (712 words) - 18:17, 29 July 2020
vestigial to 2.5 mm, shorter than to equaling achene, smooth or obscurely retrorsely spinulose; anthers stramineous to red-striated, 2.6–3.2 mm; styles 2–3-fid
9 KB (751 words) - 01:31, 30 July 2020
sometimes sparsely puberulent; columella 2.4–3.3 mm. Seeds light gray, cylindric ovoid-oblong, 2–2.8 (–3) × 1.4–2.2 mm, irregularly shallowly pitted; caruncle
10 KB (734 words) - 18:27, 29 July 2020
lobed. Staminate flowers 2–8. Pistillate flowers: ovary strigillose, often canescent when young; styles 0.1–0.3 mm, 2-fid 1/2 to nearly entire length.
9 KB (690 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
branchlet 0–6 mm; floral bract dark-brown or black, 1–3.2 mm, apex acute, convex, or rounded, sometimes 2-fid, abaxially hairy, hairs straight. Staminate flowers:
16 KB (1,508 words) - 12:03, 30 July 2020
abaxial lobes 3, adaxial 2; stamens 4, adnate proximal to middle of corolla, didynamous, filaments glabrous or hairy, staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation
49 KB (1,607 words) - 18:59, 29 July 2020
30–45 cm; bracts lanceolate, mostly 2-fid, proximal bracts divided ± to base, distal sometimes undivided. Pedicels 2–8 (–15) mm; involucellar bractlets
11 KB (745 words) - 11:36, 30 July 2020
page 323, 329, 330, 343, 347, 354, 355. Herbs, perennial, 0.2–0.8 (–1.2) m, glaucous or not, with thick, fleshy, tuberous or fibrous taproot and other roots
13 KB (806 words) - 11:35, 30 July 2020
0.1–1 mm diam., 2 (–5) -rayed. Leaves: stipules falcate, ovatelanceolate, 5–6 × 2–2.5 mm; proximal petioles (3.5–) 5–6.5 (–9) cm, 1/2–3 times as long as
10 KB (795 words) - 11:34, 30 July 2020
cm, proximal flowers spaced several cm apart, not leafy-bracted; bracts linear, distal undivided or 2-fid, proximal separate to base, 4–10 mm, usually equaling
12 KB (772 words) - 11:33, 30 July 2020
several to many open at same time, not 1-sided, 5–20 cm; bracts purplish, lanceolate to linear, undivided, rarely 2-fid, 4–5 mm, longer than pedicels, shorter
12 KB (777 words) - 11:33, 30 July 2020
each branch 10–20 flowered, not 1-sided, elongate, 5–20 cm; bracts 1, usually undivided, narrowly lanceolate, often 2-fid, 2.5 mm, equaling or slightly
12 KB (758 words) - 11:33, 30 July 2020
Herbs, perennial, 0.2–0.6 (–0.8) m, sometimes ± glaucous, with woody taproot or caudex and rhizomes, freely rooting, 20–30 cm × 2–4 mm, often mat-forming
10 KB (705 words) - 11:33, 30 July 2020
first 1 or 2 flowers solitary, axillary, remainder in dense terminal spikes 3–10 cm, these terminating each branch; floral bracts 2-fid, 4–5 × 2 mm. Pedicels
10 KB (778 words) - 11:29, 30 July 2020
reduced distally to 1/2 times blade length; blades: proximalmost orbiculate or semiorbiculate to cordate, shallowly 5–7-lobed, 2–10 (–15) × 2–10 (–15) cm, base
12 KB (808 words) - 11:36, 30 July 2020
reduced distally, proximal 3–4 times as long as blade, distal 1/2–2 times as long as blade; blade 2–6 cm wide, often fleshy; basal blades orbiculate to reniform
10 KB (851 words) - 11:35, 30 July 2020
bracts lanceolate, 5–7 × 2 mm, shorter or longer than pedicels, distal undivided or 2-fid, proximal separated to base. Pedicels usually 2–3 (–10) mm. Flowers:
11 KB (820 words) - 11:35, 30 July 2020
ringed at base by a nectary, distally 2-branched with stigmatic papillae borne on adaxial face of each branch in 2 separate or contiguous lines or in 1
275 KB (5,940 words) - 15:30, 15 December 2020
reduced distally to 1/2 times blade length; blade 5–15 × 5–15 inflorescence; bracts linear, distal simple and undivided to 2-fid, proximal divided to base
10 KB (946 words) - 11:35, 30 July 2020
floral bracts 2-fid, 4 × 2 mm. Pedicels 0.5–2 mm, increasing by 0.5–1 mm in fruit; involucellar bractlets adnate basally to calyx for 1–2 mm, narrowly lanceolate
11 KB (807 words) - 11:29, 30 July 2020
perennial, mat-forming; rhizomes evident, 0.4–2 mm thick, soft to hard, cortex persistent, longer internodes 2–10 mm, scales persistent or decaying to fibers
14 KB (1,270 words) - 01:27, 30 July 2020
petals white, deeply 2-fid, (1.5–) 2–4.5 (–6) × 1–2 mm; anthers ovate, 0.2–0.4 mm. Fruits obovate, oblanceolate, lanceolate, elliptic, oblong, or linear
10 KB (944 words) - 15:30, 15 December 2020
to ovate, undivided or 2-fid, (2–) 4–5 mm, longer than pedicels. Pedicels 5–15 (–30) mm on proximalmost flowers, distal pedicels 2–5 mm. Flowers: calyx 7–11
10 KB (804 words) - 11:35, 30 July 2020
lobes usually large), faces usually coarsely hispid or hirsute, hairs often 2–3-fid. Heads usually borne singly. Peduncles ebracteate. Calyculi of 10–12, subulate
6 KB (534 words) - 20:17, 29 July 2020
with internal protrusion dividing carpel into 2 cells, dehiscence loculicidal, rarely indehiscent. Seeds 2–30, often reniform, glabrous or hairy. Nearly
20 KB (532 words) - 11:23, 30 July 2020
cylindric, erect and nearly straight, urn 1.5–2.7 mm; peristome 300 µm, teeth of 32 filaments twisted 1/2–2 times, basal membrane low, to 50 µm; operculum 0.6–1
6 KB (859 words) - 07:09, 30 July 2020
elliptic, 0.4–1 (–2) × 0.2–0.5 (–1) cm, simple and entire or 2 (–3) -fid to base (sometimes shallowly toothed as well), segments 1–2 (–3), narrowly to
10 KB (905 words) - 13:58, 30 July 2020
ogalalensis is not easily recognized, the lack of a distinct stem sclerodermis, 2-stratose distal lamina, each lumen with a massive simple or weakly 2-fid papilla
4 KB (814 words) - 07:06, 30 July 2020
deposit. Stems 0.5–1 (–2) cm, irregularly branched, central strand weak; etomentose. Leaves linear-lanceolate, occasionally strap-shaped, 2–2.7 (–4) mm; proximal
9 KB (1,138 words) - 07:01, 30 July 2020