Search results

Hutchinson 1973; G. K. W. Schulze-Menz 1964b; A. L. Takhtajan 1997; R. F. Thorne 1992). Molecular phylogenetic data (D. R. Morgan and D. E. Soltis 1993; Soltis

D. M. and M. D. Windham. 1992. Generic affinities of the star-scaled cloak ferns. Amer. Fern J. 82: 47--58. Benham, D. M. 1992. Additional combinations

1955; G. L. Stebbins et al. 1963; T. S. Cooperrider 1986; L. E. McKinney 1992; H. E. Ballard 1993, 1994; A. Haines 2011). Other factors contribute to phenotypic

Wagner, F. S. 1992. Cytological problems in Lycopodium sens. lat. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 79: 718--729. Wagner, W. H. Jr. and J. M. Beitel. 1992. Generic classification

Taxa Thalictrum thalictroides (Spach) Tamura Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 43: 57. 1992. Marilyn M. Park, Dennis Festerling Jr. Basionym: Undefined sect. Anemonella Spach

subsp. cochisensis (Goodding) D. M. Benham & Windham Amer. Fern J. 82: 57. 1992. Dale M. Benham, Michael D. Windham Basionym: Notholaena cochisensis Goodding

systematic survey. Syst. Bot. 14: 110--132. Brown, G. K. and R. G. Terry. 1992. Petal appendages in Bromeliaceae. Amer. J. Bot. 79: 1051--1071. Smith, L

sinuata (Lagasca ex Swartz) D. M. Benham & Windham Amer. Fern J. 82: 56. 1992. Dale M. Benham, Michael D. Windham Basionym: Acrostichum sinuatum Lagasca

familyIsoëtaceae genusIsoëtes speciesIsoëtes georgiana Luebke Amer. Fern. J. 82: 24. 1992. W. Carl Taylor, Neil T. Luebke, Donald M. Britton, R. James Hickey, Daniel

genusIsoëtes speciesIsoëtes caroliniana (A. A. Eaton) Luebke Amer. Fern. J. 82: 26. 1992. W. Carl Taylor, Neil T. Luebke, Donald M. Britton, R. James Hickey, Daniel

speciesPhlegmariurus dichotomus (Jacquin) W. H. Wagner & Beitel Novon 3: 305. 1992. Warren H. Wagner Jr., Joseph M. Beitel Common names: Hanging fir-moss Basionym:

Lower Taxa Meiotrichum lyallii (G. L. Smith) G. L. Smith Bryologist 95: 271. 1992 ,. Gary L. Smith Merrill Etymology: Greek meio-, fewer, and trichos, hair

familyIsoëtaceae genusIsoëtes speciesIsoëtes boomii Luebke Amer. Fern. J. 82: 23. 1992. W. Carl Taylor, Neil T. Luebke, Donald M. Britton, R. James Hickey, Daniel

speciesGlossostigma cleistanthum W. R. Barker J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 15: 72. 1992. Donald H. Les, Robert S. Capers Common names: Cleistogamous mud mat IntroducedIllustrated

cardunculus subsp. flavescens Wiklund Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 109: 120, fig. 15A–D, F–J. 1992. David J. Keil Treatment appears in FNA Volume 19. Treatment on page 90.

subspeciesEremalche parryi subsp. kernensis (C. B. Wolf) D. M. Bates Phytologia 72: 51. 1992. David M. Bates, Malvastrum A. Gray subsect. Pedunculosa A. Gray in A. Gray

Wagner Etymology: For the Holmgren family: Arthur Hermann Holmgren, 1912–1992, Noel Herman Holmgren, b. 1937, and Patricia Kern Holmgren, b. 1940 Basionym:

genusHuperzia speciesHuperzia appalachiana Beitel & Mickel Amer. Fern J. 82: 42. 1992. Warren H. Wagner Jr., Joseph M. Beitel Common names: Mountain fir-moss lycopode

(R. Dahlgren et al. 1985; K. Rahn 1998; A. L. Takhtajan 1997; R. F. Thorne 1992). Old World species of Allium are generally placed in subgenera and sections

var. elliptica, Croton michauxii var. michauxii G. L. Webster Novon 2: 270. 1992. Benjamin W. van Ee, Paul E. Berry Common names: Rushfoil IllustratedEndemic

genusCleistes speciesCleistes bifaria (Fernald) Catling & Gregg Lindleyana 7: 65. 1992. Katharine B. Gregg, Paul M. Catling Common names: Smaller spreading pogonia

Rocklady EndemicConservation concern Etymology: For Arthur Herman Holmgren, 1912–1992, Noel Herman Holmgren, b. 1937, and Patricia Kern Holmgren, b. 1940, American

Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., U.S.A. 1051 pp. Kellogg, E.A. 1992. Tools for studying the chloroplast genome in the Triticeae (Gramineae):

continent; it is barely present in the southeastern United States. Link, D. A. 1992. The floral nectaries of Limnanthaceae. Pl. Syst. Evol. 179: 235–243. Ornduff

Basionym: Arctostaphylos gabrielensis P. V. Wells Four Seasons 9(2): 46. 1992 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 444. Mentioned on page

Erigeron reductus var. reductus (Cronquist) G. L. Nesom Phytologia 72: 200. 1992. Guy L. Nesom Common names: California rayless fleabane Endemic Basionym:

speciesCalochortus argillosus (Hoover) Zebell & P. L. Fiedler Madroño 39: 306. 1992. P. L. Fiedler, R. K. Zebell IllustratedEndemic Basionym: Mariposa argillosa Hoover

speciesPseudocalliergon angustifolium Hedenas Lindbergia 16: 85, fig. 1. 1992. Lars Hedenäs, Norton G. Miller† Illustrated Synonyms: Drepanocladus ang

speciesArctostaphylos malloryi (W. Knight & Gankin) P. V. Wells Four Seasons 9(2): 54. 1992 ,. V. Thomas Parker, Michael C. Vasey, Jon E. Keeley Common names: Mallory’s

chloroplast-DNA molecular phylogenies (e.g., Jansen et al. 1991, 1992; K. J. Kim et al. 1992; Kim and Jansen 1995; R. J. Bayer and J. R. Starr 1998; P. K.

southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 47: 106–116. Murrell, Z. E. 1992. Systematics of the Genus Cornus (Cornaceae). Ph.D. dissertation. Duke University

Nyssa is complicated and often difficult to determine. R. E. Burckhalter (1992) described all North American species as dioecious, without elaboration.

and supertribes. Austral. J. Bot. 33:433-484 Watson, L. and M.J. Dallwitz. 1992. The Grass Genera of the World. C.A.B. International, W'allingford, England

flowers earlier. J. A. Dole and M. Sun (1992) found no evidence of hybridization between them. Dole, J. A. and M. Sun. 1992. Field and genetic survey of endangered

M. Dennis (1982). Major realignments have been proposed by F. B. Essig (1992) on the basis of seedling morphology, including the transfer of Clematis

central Asia (particularly E. eriosphaera Boissier & Heldreich; J. D. Morefield 1992). It is separated from Evax by stems well-developed, leafy, usually branched

subspeciesAstrolepis cochisensis subsp. arizonica D. M. Benham Amer. Fern J. 82: 60. 1992. Dale M. Benham, Michael D. Windham Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Sporangia

genusAstrolepis speciesAstrolepis windhamii D. M. Benham Amer. Fern J. 82: 60. 1992. Dale M. Benham, Michael D. Windham Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Stems

antirrhinoides var. microphylla (A. Gray) N. H. Holmgren Brittonia 44: 481. 1992. David C. Michener, Noel H. Holmgren Basionym: Penstemon microphyllus A.

septentrionalis (Munz & I. M. Johnston) N. H. Holmgren Brittonia 44: 481. 1992. David C. Michener, Noel H. Holmgren Endemic Basionym: Penstemon ternatus

varietyAllium fimbriatum var. purdyi (Eastwood) Ownbey ex McNeal Aliso 13: 423. 1992. Dale W. McNeal Jr., T. D. Jacobsen Endemic Basionym: Allium purdyi Eastwood

Hiemobotrychium Show Lower Taxa Botrychium lunarioides W. H. Wagner Novon 2: 267. 1992. Warren H. Wagner Jr., Florence S. Wagner Treatment appears in FNA Volume

subspeciesAstrolepis cochisensis subsp. chihuahuensis D. M. Benham Amer. Fern J. 82: 59. 1992. Dale M. Benham, Michael D. Windham Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Sporangia

varietyAllium bolanderi var. mirabile (L. F. Henderson) McNeal Phytologia 73: 307. 1992. Dale W. McNeal Jr., T. D. Jacobsen Endemic Basionym: Allium mirabile L.

varietyKeckiella rothrockii var. jacintensis (Abrams) N. H. Holmgren Brittonia 44: 481. 1992. David C. Michener, Noel H. Holmgren Endemic Basionym: Penstemon jacintensis Abrams

as sister taxa in all phylogenetic analyses (J. D. Morefield 1992). Morefield, J. D. 1992. Evolution and Systematics of Stylocline (Asteraceae: Inuleae)

on Elliott Key in southern Florida (B. R. Ledin et al. 1959; C. Lippincott 1992, 1995). Since its discovery some 100 years ago, botanists have witnessed

the semiarid regions of Mexico or Central America (S. J. Brunsfeld et al. 1992). Its xeromorphic leaf morphology is highly adaptive in that region (A. K

cells of the culms conspicously larger than underlying cells (R. F. C. Naczi 1992). Recent phylogenetic analyses indicate Carex sect. Laxiflorae is a sister

been placed in the Violales by most authors (A. Cronquist 1981; R. F. Thorne 1992; A. L. Takhtajan 1997). Based on data from cladistic analyses, it was included

distinctive new species described but not formally named by B. M. Murray (1992) for Alaska; a formal description will provided in another publication. The

distinction has recently been reemphasized (G. L. Nesom and T. J. Leary 1992; Nesom 1992, 1994b). Plants of Ionactis are distinctive in their woody caudices

speciesAstrolepis integerrima (Hooker) D. M. Benham & Windham Amer. Fern J. 82: 57. 1992. Dale M. Benham, Michael D. Windham Basionym: Notholaena sinuata var. integerrima Hooker

speciesPalustriella falcata (Bridel) Hedenas Bryophyt. Biblioth. 44: 136. 1992. Lars Hedenäs Illustrated Basionym: Hypnum falcatum Bridel Muscol. Recent

varietyAllium atrorubens var. cristatum (S. Watson) McNeal Madroño 39: 86. 1992. Dale W. McNeal Jr., T. D. Jacobsen Endemic Basionym: Allium cristatum S

douglasii var. breweri (A. Gray) D. J. Keil & C. E. Turner Phytologia 73: 313. 1992. David J. Keil Common names: Brewer’s thistle IllustratedEndemic Basionym:

speciesEngelmannia peristenia (Rafinesque) Goodman & C. A. Lawson Rhodora 94: 381. 1992. David J. Keil Common names: Engelmann daisy cutleaf daisy Illustrated Basionym:

var. californicum (A. Gray) D. J. Keil & C. E. Turner Phytologia 73: 315. 1992. David J. Keil Common names: California thistle IllustratedEndemic Basionym:

Kerrieae genusNeviusia speciesNeviusia cliftonii Shevock Novon 2: 286, fig. 1. 1992. Alice L. Heikens Common names: Shasta snow-wreath Conservation concernEndemic

genusTrichomanes speciesTrichomanes intricatum Farrar Amer. Fern J. 82: 68. 1992. Donald R. Farrar Common names: Appalachian trichomanes weft fern IllustratedEndemic

studies (K. J. Kim and T. J. Mabry 1991; Kim and B. L. Turner 1992; Kim et al. 1992b, 1992c; Kim and R. K. Jansen 1994). The most common base number is

Reynoutria (x = 11; erect, rhizomatous perennials). J. P. Bailey and C. A. Stace (1992) presented evidence to the contrary. Fallopia often is included in a broader

by T. I. Chuang and L. R. Heckard (1991). Chuang, T. I. and L. R. Heckard. 1992. A taxonomic revision of Orthocarpus (Scrophulariaceae—tribe Pediculareae)

of Calla palustris. Bot. Gaz. 98: 556--571. Lehmann, N. L. and R. Sattler. 1992. Irregular floral development in Calla palustris (Araceae) and the concept

Argyrochosma (M. D. Windham 1987), and Astrolepis (D. M. Benham and M. D. Windham 1992) as distinct genera. Despite these efforts, Cheilanthes remains a very heterogeneous

Boisduvalia from Epilobium, though it later was included (P. C. Hoch and Raven 1992) as two distinct sections, and Raven included Chamaenerion as a section,

plants, which have been in Chinese culture for thousands of years (W. Erhardt 1992). Hemerocallin, a root neurotoxin, can be both poisonous and useful medicinally

lateral spike, and perigynia loosely enveloping the achenes (R. F. C. Naczi 1992, 1997). Recent phylogenetic analyses indicate section Granulares is the sister

genusAllium speciesAllium abramsii (Ownbey & Aase ex Traub) McNeal Aliso 13: 417. 1992. Dale W. McNeal Jr., T. D. Jacobsen Endemic Basionym: Allium fimbriatum var

speciesAllium denticulatum (Ownbey & Aase ex Traub) McNeal Aliso 13: 414. 1992. Dale W. McNeal Jr., T. D. Jacobsen Endemic Basionym: Allium fimbriatum var

speciesPediocactus nigrispinus (Hochstätter) Hochstätter Succulenta (Netherlands) 71: 99. 1992. Kenneth D. Heil, J. Mark Porter Common names: Snowball cactus Endemic Basionym:

speciesViola frank-smithii N. H. Holmgren Brittonia 44: 303, fig. 1E – H. 1992. R. John Little, Landon E. McKinney† Common names: Frank Smith violet Conservation

speciesKrigia wrightii (A. Gray) K. L. Chambers ex K. J. Kim Brittonia 44: 195. 1992. Kenton L. Chambers, Robert J. O’Kennon Common names: Wright’s dwarfdandelion

speciesPseudocalliergon brevifolium (Lindberg) Hedenas Lindbergia 16: 89. 1992. Lars Hedenäs, Norton G. Miller† Basionym: Hypnum brevifolium Lindberg Öfvers

genusAllium speciesAllium diabolense (Ownbey & Aase ex Traub) McNeal Aliso 13: 425. 1992. Dale W. McNeal Jr., T. D. Jacobsen Endemic Basionym: Allium fimbriatum var

subspeciesAgave parryi subsp. neomexicana (Wooton & Standley) B. Ullrich Sida 15: 259. 1992. James L. Reveal, Wendy C. Hodgson Common names: New Mexico agave Endemic

speciesViola lithion N. H. Holmgren & P. K. Holmgren Brittonia 44: 300, fig. 1A – D. 1992. R. John Little, Landon E. McKinney† Common names: Rock violet Conservation

speciesClarkia heterandra (Torrey) H. Lewis & P. H. Raven Madroño 39: 163. 1992. Harlan Lewis†, Peter C. Hoch Common names: California gaura heterogaura mountain

speciesSclerocactus nyensis Hochstätter Succulenta (Netherlands) 71: 253. 1992. Kenneth D. Heil, J. Mark Porter Common names: Nye fishhook cactus EndemicConservation

are formed abaxially at the bases of the antisepalous stamens (D. A. Link 1992). Some populations of L. douglasii subsp. nivea have plants that are pollen-sterile

speciesCampylium laxifolium Engelmark & Hedenas Lindbergia 16: 147, fig. 1. 1992. Lars Hedenäs Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 288.

Basionym: Arceuthobium monticola Hawksworth Wiens & Nickrent, Novon 2: 205. 1992 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 432. Mentioned on page

Basionym: Arceuthobium siskiyouense Hawksworth Wiens & Nickrent, Novon 2: 204. 1992 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 433. Mentioned on page

umbraticola subsp. coronata (Small) J. F. Matthews & Ketron Castanea 56: 304. 1992. James F. Matthews Basionym: Portulaca coronata Small Bull. Torrey Bot. Club

subspeciesAstrolepis sinuata subsp. mexicana D. M. Benham Amer. Fern J. 82: 59. 1992. Dale M. Benham, Michael D. Windham Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Sporangia

data from cpDNA restriction site analysis (D. R. Morgan and B. B. Simpson 1992) indicated that section Psilactis was not closely related to the other taxa

chromosome numbers, with evidence of rearrangements of gene sequences (Uhl 1992). These different mechanisms of chromosome change suggested that the two

combination Symplocarpus foetidus. According to J. T. Kartesz and K. N. Gandhi (1992), concluded that the correct citation is S. foetidus (Linnaeus) Nuttall.

Morefield 1992). Stylocline citroleum, S. sonorensis, and L. depressa show some transitional traits between the genera. Morefield, J. D. 1992. Evolution

Raven [1963]1964; T. P. Ramamoorthy and E. Zardini 1987; Zardini and Raven 1992; W. L. Wagner et al. 2007). The genus is well represented in North America

alaskana (Coville & Standley ex Hultén) S. Kelso Canad. J. Bot. 70: 595. 1992,. Sylvia Kelso Endemic Basionym: Androsace alaskana Coville & Standley ex

ammonsiana (H. A. Crum & L. E. Anderson) Ochyra Fragm. Florist. Geobot. 37: 212. 1992,. Brent D. Mishler Basionym: Tortula ammonsiana H. A. Crum & L. E. Anderson

sexangulare var. vulcanicum (C. E. O. Jensen) G. L. Smith Bryologist 95: 270. 1992,. Gary L. Smith Merrill Basionym: Polytrichum sexangulare var. vulcanicum C

Zander Basionym: Ozobryum ogalalensis G. L. Smith Novon 2: 255, figs. 1, 2. 1992 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 564. Mentioned on page

linearifolia varietyTetraneuris linearifolia var. arenicola Bierner Sida 15: 237. 1992. Mark W. Bierner, Billie L. Turner Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment

genusFimbristylis speciesFimbristylis brevivaginata Kral Sida 15: 318, fig. 1. 1992. Robert Kral Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 125. Mentioned

subspeciesDichelostemma capitatum subsp. pauciflorum (Torrey) Keator Four Seasons 9(2): 30. 1992. J. Chris Pires Basionym: Brodiaea capitata var. pauciflora Torrey in W.

genusGrindelia speciesGrindelia pusilla (Steyermark) G. L. Nesom Phytologia 73: 327. 1992. John L. Strother, Mark A. Wetter Basionym: Grindelia microcephala var. pusilla Steyermark

hybridization between species of Polytrichastrum and Polytrichum. Smith, Gary L. 1992. Notes on North American Polytrichaceae: Polytrichastrum G. Sm. Bryologist

Widespread in the moist Neotropics Species ca. 160 (1 in the flora). Bennet, B. C. 1992. The Florida bromeliads: Guzmania monostachia. J. Bromeliad Soc. 42: 266--270

and with V. labradorica, which lacks decurrent petioles. H. E. Ballard (1992) noted that eastern specimens of Viola adunca were rarely glabrous, but western

lanceolate. xn = 16. Pantropical Originally from Melanesia (H. C. Harries 1978, 1992), the coconut is now almost universally cultivated in tropical and subtropical

subalpine North America and Eurasia Species ca. 5 (2 in the flora). F. B. Essig (1992) suggested that Clematis subg. Atragene might be included in Clematis subg

Enroth, Cryptoleptodon Renauld & Cardot, and Taiwanobryum Noguchi (J. Enroth 1992). Molecular evidence indicates that this small family may not be monophyletic

genusMeiotrichum speciesMeiotrichum lyallii (Mitten) G. L. Smith Bryologist 95: 271. 1992,. Gary L. Smith Merrill Basionym: Polytrichadelphus lyallii Mitten J. Linn

R. Spence Basionym: Bryum demaretianum Arts J. Bryol. 17: 263, figs. 1–3. 1992 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 138. Mentioned on page

speciesPolytrichastrum appalachianum (L. E. Anderson) G. L. Smith Bryologist 95: 271. 1992,. Gary L. Smith Merrill Basionym: Polytrichum appalachianum L. E. Anderson

speciesSyntrichia fragilis (Taylor) Ochyra Fragm. Florist. Geobot. 37: 212. 1992,. Brent D. Mishler Basionym: Tortula fragilis Taylor London J. Bot. 6: 333

genusAllium speciesAllium munzii (Ownbey & Aase ex Traub) McNeal Aliso 13: 415. 1992. Dale W. McNeal Jr., T. D. Jacobsen IllustratedEndemicConservation concern

genusPackera speciesPackera glabella (Poiret) C. Jeffrey Kew Bull. 47: 101. 1992. Debra K. Trock Common names: Butterweed IllustratedEndemic Basionym: Senecio

Cuspidata speciesSphagnum isoviitae Flatberg J. Bryol. 17: 2, figs. 1, 2. 1992,. Cyrus B. McQueen†, Richard E. Andrus Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27

speciesGrindelia adenodonta (Steyermark) G. L. Nesom Phytologia 73: 327. 1992. John L. Strother, Mark A. Wetter Endemic Basionym: Grindelia microcephala

speciesSyntrichia sinensis (Müller Hal.) Ochyra Fragm. Florist. Geobot. 37: 213. 1992,. Brent D. Mishler Basionym: Barbula sinensis Müller Hal. Nuovo Giorn. Bot

outcrossers, and almost all are diploids or autotetraploids (Jensen et al. 1992) containing the St haplome (designation by the International Triticeae Consortium)

determination. Parietaria nummularifolia (Schwartz) Weddell was collected once in 1992 in Palm Beach County, Florida, in mesic woods bordering a creek (R.P. Wunderlin

major nectar resource for migrant Selasphorus hummingbirds (D. Heinemann 1992). Morphological plasticity in Scrophularia produces variation so wide as

pantropical Rapanea Aublet Species ca. 300 (1 in the flora). J. J. Pipoly (1991, 1992, 1992b, 1996, 2007) and J. M. Ricketson and Pipoly (1997, 1999) have discussed

garden cultivars are among the most popular spring flowers (A. Huxley et al. 1992). Many species are extremely variable due to horticultural selection and

been reported for southern Utah (L. D. Benson 1982; D. J. Ferguson 1992; G. Unger 1992), M. Chamberland (1995, 1997) found neither populations nor herbarium

none of these subspecies or varieties should be maintained (C. Lippincott 1992). For an excellent account of the history of this palm in the Florida Keys

Ancistrocarphus; Gifolaria (Cosson & Kralik) Pomel may also be related (J. D. Morefield 1992). Hesperevax is sharply distinct from Evax and relatives by receptacles bristly

flora. Application of the name C. davidai Catcheside by M. J. Cano et al. (1992, 1993) to the Canadian specimen does not account for the lingulate and piliferous

treated as a distinct subfamily, Barnadesioideae (K. Bremer and R. K. Jansen 1992). Similarly, J. L. Panero and V. A. Funk (2002) segregated two additional

Morgan 1993, 1997, 2003; Morgan and Hartman 2003; Morgan and B. B. Simpson 1992). Although Xanthisma includes species with both cyanic (blue, purple, pink

Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh, B 86: 259--263. Taylor, W. C. and R. J. Hickey. 1992. Habitat, evolution, and speciation of Isoëtes. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard.

genusStylocline speciesStylocline masonii Morefield Madroño 39: 117, fig. 1. 1992. James D. Morefield Common names: Mason neststraw EndemicConservation concern

Böcher (1966), C. Brochmann (1992, 1992b, 1993), Brochmann and R. Elven (1992), Brochmann et al. (1992, 1992b, 1992c, 1992d, 1993), G. A. Mulligan (1970

intermediate size frequently have been observed (K. J. Kim and B. L. Turner 1992). The treatment of the two morphologic races as varieties is an alternative

(1 genus, 1 species in the flora). Haynes, R. R. and L. B. Holm-Nielsen. 1992. The Limnocharitaceae. In: Organization for Flora Neotropica. 1968+. Flora

breweri varietyErigeron breweri var. bisanctus G. L. Nesom Phytologia 72: 170. 1992. Guy L. Nesom EndemicConservation concern Treatment appears in FNA Volume

varietyErigeron inornatus var. calidipetris G. L. Nesom Phytologia 72: 190. 1992. Guy L. Nesom Endemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page

cuspidatus subsp. cryptanthus (Piper) T. I. Chuang & Heckard Syst. Bot. 17: 576. 1992. Kerry A. Barringer Endemic Basionym: Orthocarpus cryptanthus Piper Smithsonian

subspeciesArctostaphylos tomentosa subsp. daciticola P. V. Wells Four Seasons 9(2): 60. 1992 ,. V. Thomas Parker, Michael C. Vasey, Jon E. Keeley Common names: Dacite

subsp. holmgreniorum T. I. Chuang & Heckard Syst. Bot. 17: 565, fig. 1G–J. 1992. Kerry A. Barringer Common names: Holmgrens’s owl’s-clover Endemic Treatment

cuspidatus subsp. copelandii (Eastwood) T. I. Chuang & Heckard Syst. Bot. 17: 576. 1992. Kerry A. Barringer Common names: Copeland’s owl’s-clover Endemic Basionym:

varietyErigeron reductus var. angustatus (A. Gray) G. L. Nesom Phytologia 72: 200. 1992. Guy L. Nesom Endemic Basionym: Erigeron inornatus var. angustatus A. Gray

varietyErigeron petrophilus var. sierrensis G. L. Nesom Phytologia 72: 198. 1992. Guy L. Nesom Endemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page

alabamensis varietyCroton alabamensis var. texensis Ginzbarg Sida 15: 42, fig. 1. 1992. Benjamin W. van Ee, Paul E. Berry Common names: Texabama croton EndemicConservation

varietyErigeron chrysopsidis var. austiniae (Greene) G. L. Nesom Phytologia 73: 198. 1992. Guy L. Nesom Endemic Basionym: Erigeron austiniae Greene Erythea 3: 100

Basionym: Arceuthobium littorum Hawksworth Wiens & Nickrent, Novon 2: 206. 1992 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 432. Mentioned on page

xantiana subsp. parviflora (Eastwood) H. Lewis & P. H. Raven Madroño 39: 168. 1992. Harlan Lewis†, Peter C. Hoch Common names: Kern Canyon clarkia Basionym:

varietyErigeron breweri var. covillei (Greene) G. L. Nesom Phytologia 72: 172. 1992. Guy L. Nesom Endemic Basionym: Erigeron covillei Greene Erythea 3: 20. 1895

inornatus varietyErigeron inornatus var. keilii G. L. Nesom Phytologia 72: 191. 1992. Guy L. Nesom EndemicConservation concern Treatment appears in FNA Volume

varietyAllium peninsulare var. franciscanum McNeal & Ownbey Phytologia 73: 319. 1992. Dale W. McNeal Jr., T. D. Jacobsen Endemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume

are of two kinds. Determinate thorns (aphyllous thorns of K. I. Christensen 1992) are lateral and are the only type found in North American native species

differentiated but appear to have some geographic distinction. B. UllrichUllrich, B. (1992) reduced all to synonymy under Agave parryi subsp. parryi. None. Agave parryi

Pereskia (Cactaceae). Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 41: 1–141. Leuenberger, B. E. 1992. Leaf-bearing cacti (genus Pereskia) in cultivation. Cact. Succ. J. (Los

difference that justifies generic status for this group (M. N. Tamura et al. 1992; Z. K. Shinwari et al. 1994; T. Fukuhara and Z. K. Shinwari 1994). Within

Downie and J. D. Palmer 1994; S. R. Downie et al. 1997; J. H. Rettig et al. 1992), which also showed a close relationship with at least a portion of Portulacaceae

found in Brazil, the Guianas, and eastern Venezuela; see J. J. Pipoly (1992, 1992b) for the diagnostic features separating these taxa. In addition, M. cubana

chromosome pairs and polyploid species have from 28 to about 260 (C. H. Uhl 1992, 1995). Uhl concluded that the ancestral number was probably about x = 34

Washington. Hufford, L. 1992. Floral structure of Besseya and Synthyris (Scrophulariaceae). Int. J. Pl. Sci. 153: 217–229. Hufford, L. 1992b. Leaf structure of

been supported by chloroplast DNA evidence (D. R. Morgan and B. B. Simpson 1992). Nuclear ribosomal DNA evidence conflicts with that from chloroplast DNA

Borchsenius 1997; F. Ervik and J. P. Feil 1997; A. Henderson 1986; C. Listabarth 1992, 1993, 1993b, 1994; A. O. Scariot et al. 1991) indicate that insect pollination

separate genus. Although I have argued for keeping it in Crassula (R. V. Moran 1992b), the matter is not closed. Based on studies still in progress, H. ’t Hart

sister to Micropus, with ancestors in or near Stylocline (J. D. Morefield 1992). Psilocarphus is easily recognized by leaves opposite and paleae cucullate

Kalmia latifolia has an antimicrobial effect (R. M. Heisey and B. K. Gorham 1992). It is possible that all Kalmia species are poisonous to humans and livestock

varietyHesperevax acaulis var. ambusticola Morefield Syst. Bot. 17: 306, fig. 5A–L. 1992. James D. Morefield Common names: Fire evax Endemic Treatment appears in

speciesPseudoleskeella rupestris (Berggren) Hedenas & L. Soderström Lindbergia 17: 64. 1992. John R. Spence Basionym: Leskea rupestris Berggren Acta Univ. Lund. 3(7):

heterodoxus var. cephalophorus (Greene) N. H. Holmgren Brittonia 44: 482. 1992. Craig C. Freeman Endemic Basionym: Penstemon cephalophorus Greene Leafl

Basionym: Cirsium aridum Dorn Vasc. Pl. Wyoming ed. 2, 304, plate [p. 305]. 1992 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 19. Treatment on page 126. Stems often clustered

varietyErigeron foliosus var. mendocinus (Greene) G. L. Nesom Phytologia 72: 187. 1992. Guy L. Nesom EndemicConservation concern Basionym: Erigeron mendocinus Greene

Basionym: Erigeron breweri var. klamathensis G. L. Nesom Phytologia 72: 174. 1992 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 311. Mentioned on page

var. villosa (Rydberg) Mayes ex G. K. Brown & D. J. Keil Phytologia 73: 57. 1992. David J. Bogler Endemic Basionym: Pyrrocoma villosa Rydberg Bull. Torrey

var. congesta (Greene) Mayes ex G. K. Brown & D. J. Keil Phytologia 73: 58. 1992. David J. Bogler Endemic Basionym: Pyrrocoma congesta Greene Pittonia 3:

sessiliflora (Greene) Mayes ex G. K. Brown and D. D. Keil Phytologia 73: 58. 1992. David J. Bogler Endemic Basionym: Pyrrocoma sessiliflora Greene Leafl. Bot

genusPackera speciesPackera tomentosa (Michaux) C. Jeffrey Kew Bull. 47: 101. 1992. Debra K. Trock Common names: Woolly ragwort Endemic Basionym: Senecio tomentosus Michaux

speciesIonactis elegans (Soreng & Spellenberg) G. L. Nesom Phytologia 73: 420. 1992. Guy L. Nesom Common names: Sierra Blanca ankle-aster least-daisy EndemicConservation

Astereae genusErigeron speciesErigeron sivinskii G. L. Nesom Phytologia 71: 416. 1992. Guy L. Nesom Common names: Sivinski’s fleabane Treatment appears in FNA

genusArctostaphylos speciesArctostaphylos osoensis P. V. Wells Four Seasons 9(2): 45. 1992 ,. V. Thomas Parker, Michael C. Vasey, Jon E. Keeley Common names: Oso manzanita

varietyErigeron petrophilus var. viscidulus (A. Gray) G. L. Nesom Phytologia 72: 198. 1992. Guy L. Nesom Endemic Basionym: Erigeron inornatus var. viscidulus A. Gray

stanfordiana subsp. decumbens (P. V. Wells) P. V. Wells Four Seasons 9(2): 61. 1992 ,. V. Thomas Parker, Michael C. Vasey, Jon E. Keeley Common names: Rincon

ylos mewukka subsp. truei (W. Knight) P. V. Wells Four Seasons 9(2): 62. 1992 ,. V. Thomas Parker, Michael C. Vasey, Jon E. Keeley Common names: True’s

var. lanulosa (Greene) Mayes ex G. K. Brown & D. K. Keil Phytologia 73: 58. 1992. David J. Bogler Endemic Basionym: Pyrrocoma lanulosa Greene Leafl. Bot.

nitens (H. Lewis & M. E. Lewis) H. Lewis & P. H. Raven Madroño 39: 166. 1992. Harlan Lewis†, Peter C. Hoch Basionym: Clarkia nitens H. Lewis & M. E. Lewis

genusStylocline speciesStylocline intertexta Morefield Madroño 39: 121, fig. 3. 1992. James D. Morefield Common names: Mojave or Morefield neststraw Endemic Treatment

speciesPackera spellenbergii (T. M. Barkley) C. Jeffrey Kew Bull. 47: 101. 1992. Debra K. Trock Common names: Carrizo Creek ragwort EndemicConservation concern

varietyErigeron eatonii var. sonnei (Greene) G. L. Nesom Phytologia 73: 190. 1992. Guy L. Nesom Endemic Basionym: Erigeron sonnei Greene Pittonia 1: 218. 1888

carthamoides var. subsquarrosa (Greene) G. K. Brown & D. J. Keil Phytologia 73: 57. 1992. David J. Bogler EndemicConservation concern Basionym: Pyrrocoma subsquarrosa Greene

genusPackera speciesPackera porteri (Greene) C. Jeffrey Kew Bull. 47: 101. 1992. Debra K. Trock Common names: Porter’s groundsel Endemic Basionym: Senecio

varietyPenstemon newberryi var. berryi (Eastwood) N. H. Holmgren Brittonia 44: 482. 1992. Craig C. Freeman Endemic Basionym: Penstemon berryi Eastwood Bull. Torrey

fruticiformis var. amargosae (D. D. Keck) N. H. Holmgren Brittonia 44: 481. 1992. Craig C. Freeman Endemic Basionym: Penstemon fruticiformis subsp. amargosae D

heterodoxus var. shastensis (D. D. Keck) N. H. Holmgren Brittonia 44: 482. 1992. Craig C. Freeman Endemic Basionym: Penstemon shastensis D. D. Keck Amer

campylon (H. Sharsmith) Pilz ex D. J. Keil & C. E. Turner Phytologia 73: 313. 1992. David J. Keil Common names: Mt. Hamilton thistle EndemicConservation concern

varietyHesperevax sparsiflora var. brevifolia (A. Gray) Morefield Syst. Bot. 17: 302. 1992. James D. Morefield Common names: Seaside or short-leaved evax Endemic Basionym:

varietyErigeron eatonii var. nevadincola (S. F. Blake) G. L. Nesom Phytologia 73: 191. 1992. Guy L. Nesom Endemic Basionym: Erigeron nevadincola S. F. Blake Proc. Biol

subviscosa (Greene) Mayes ex G. K. Brown & D. J. Keil Phytologia 73: 58. 1992. David J. Bogler Endemic Basionym: Pyrrocoma subviscosa Greene Proc. Acad

genuflexa (Greene) Mayes ex G. K. Brown & D. J. Keil Phytologia 73: 58. 1992. David J. Bogler Endemic Basionym: Pyrrocoma genuflexa Greene Pittonia 3:

varietyErigeron foliosus var. franciscensis G. L. Nesom Phytologia 72: 185. 1992. Guy L. Nesom Endemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page

genusErigeron speciesErigeron serpentinus G. L. Nesom Phytologia 72: 203. 1992. Guy L. Nesom Common names: Serpentine fleabane EndemicConservation concern

genusTownsendia speciesTownsendia microcephala Dorn Madroño 39: 189, fig. 1. 1992. John L. Strother Endemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on

genusIonactis speciesIonactis caelestis P. J. Leary & G. L. Nesom Brittonia 44: 247. 1992. Guy L. Nesom Common names: Spring Mountain ankle-aster aster EndemicConservation

thought Sedella Fourreau of 1868 to be an earlier homynym, but U. Eggli (1992) pointed out that Sedella Fourreau was not validly published. However, Á

with C. H. Peck, who named the species in the following year (B. S. Smith 1992). The species was later found to be widespread in spruce forests throughout

Dryostichum singulare W. H. Wagner (W. H. Wagner Jr., F. S. Wagner et al. 1992). The spiny spores of P. lonchitis are distinctive and distinguish this from

texture and pleasant, nutty flavor" and produce no irritation (L. H. Klotz 1992). Orontium aquaticum is sometimes grown for its attractive foliage and bright

specimens of M. armeniacum have much paler blue flowers (A. Huxley et al. 1992). None. Muscari botryoides, Muscari comosum, Muscari neglectum "thicker"

Mexico Species 15 (2 in the flora). From cytological studies (C. H. Uhl 1970, 1992), Graptopetalum belongs to a large comparium with Echeveria, Lenophyllum

than are several other populations, and further study is needed (G. Keator 1992). None. None. "thicker" is not a number.window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"species"

five species in Africa, including S. erectus) was reported by J. Browning (1992), and subsequently perianth bristles were observed in amphicarpic flowers

Lolium and Schedonorus than to Festuca sensu stricto (Darbyshire and Warwick 1992; Soreng and Davis 2000; Catalan et al. 2004). Catalan, P., P. Torrecilla

genusStellaria speciesStellaria porsildii C. C. Chinnappa Syst. Bot. 17: 29, fig. 1. 1992. John K. Morton Common names: Porsild’s starwort Treatment appears in FNA

subspeciesRosa stellata subsp. abyssa A. M. Phillips Madroño 39: 31, fig. 1. 1992. Walter H. Lewis, Barbara Ertter, Anne Bruneau Common names: Grand Canyon

Alsinoideae genusMinuartia speciesMinuartia muscorum (Fassett) Rabeler Sida 15: 95. 1992. Richard K. Rabeler, Ronald L. Hartman, Frederick H. Utech Common names:

It is thought to be descended from hybrid ancestors (J. D. Morefield 1992, 1992b) and now appears to be fertile, morphologically uniform, and reproductively

genusMinuartia speciesMinuartia cismontana Meinke & Zika Madroño 39: 289, figs. 1, 3. 1992. Richard K. Rabeler, Ronald L. Hartman, Frederick H. Utech Common names:

sometimes been included in Clematis subg. Viorna, as suggested by F. B. Essig (1992), although it is very different from subg. Viorna in the strict sense in

Cytogeography of Orontium aquaticum (Araceae). Rhodora 68: 25--34. Klotz, L. H. 1992. On the biology of Orontium aquaticum L. (Araceae), golden club or floating

of North America. Until 1992, it was known only from its type locality at Scoresby Sound in eastern Greenland. B. M. Murray (1992) reported collections from

the fern genus Gymnocarpium. Canad. J. Bot. 61: 2592--2602. Pryer, K. M. 1992. The status of Gymnocarpium heterosporum and G. robertianum in Pennsylvania

independently reproducing species among their parental taxa (J. D. Morefield 1992, 1992b). Birds harvest shoots of Logfia, Micropus, Psilocarphus, and Stylocline

species. BioScience 40: 449–455. Wilson, H. D., J. Doebley, and M. Duvall. 1992. Chloroplast DNA diversity among wild and cultivated members of Cucurbita

convenience to remove such peripheral groups as this (Moran 1990). Uhl (1963, 1992) has found that Altamiranoa and Villadia belong to the same huge comparium

biological species involved. Other authors (e.g., E. T. Browne and R. Athey 1992; K. A. Wilson 1960) have adopted A. americanus as the "correct" name for

1200–2800 m Generated Map Legacy Map Ariz., N.Mex., nw Mexico B. Ullrich (1992) showed that the earlier name Agave scabra Salm-Dyck was based on a collection

Generated Map Legacy Map B.C., Wash. Of conservation concern. Hershkovitz, M. A. 1992. Leaf morphology of Cistanthe tweedyi (nee Lewisia tweedyi; Portulacaceae)

foetidus, this species is widely planted in European gardens (F. W. Case 1992). None. None. "elongating" is not a number.window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"genus"

(Podostemaceae). Syst. Bot. 9: 166–174. Philbrick, C. T. and G. E. Crow. 1992. Isozyme variation and population structure in Podostemum ceratophyllum Michx

southern Africa, Galenia pubescens was first collected in the flora area in 1992 by John Ekhoff in California. Ross, T. S. 1994. Galenia pubescens (Aizoaceae)

far north as Boston and Chicago since its discovery (J. R. Shevock et al. 1992). It has been misidentified as Physocarpus opulifolius (D. M. Moore 1956)

are closely related (M. E. Mort et al. 2001). J. Parnell and C. Favarger (1992) maintained Jovibarba at the generic level; H. ’t Hart et al. (2003) treated

greater diversity in w South America Species 14 (2 in the flora). Ford, D. I. 1992. Systematics and Evolution of Montiopsis Subgenus Montiopsis (Portulacaceae)

transferred to Astrolepis for reasons discussed by D. M. Benham and M. D. Windham (1992). The glabrous and farinose species related to Pellaea (e.g., N. jonesii

efforts to relocate specimens in nature have failed (R. M. Lloyd et al. 1992). Because taste is a characteristic used in the descriptions, the reader

elongatus subsp. ponticus, in Nova Scotia. Rhodora 99:161-165 Jarvie, J.K. 1992. Taxonomy of Elytrigia sect. Caespitosae and sect. Junceae (Gramineae: Triticeae)

genusCastilleja speciesCastilleja genevieveana G. L. Nesom Phytologia 72: 210. 1992. J. Mark Egger, Peter F. Zika, Barbara L. Wilson, Richard E. Brainerd, Nick

genusPackera speciesPackera tampicana (de Candolle) C. Jeffrey Kew Bull. 47: 101. 1992. Debra K. Trock Common names: Great Plains ragwort Basionym: Senecio tampicanus de

speciesPotentilla rimicola (Munz & I. M. Johnston) Ertter Phytologia 71: 420. 1992. Barbara Ertter Common names: Cliff cinquefoil Conservation concern Basionym:

speciesArctostaphylos nortensis (P. V. Wells) P. V. Wells Four Seasons 9(2): 56. 1992 ,. V. Thomas Parker, Michael C. Vasey, Jon E. Keeley Common names: Del Norte

genusPackera speciesPackera quercetorum (Greene) C. Jeffrey Kew Bull. 47: 101. 1992. Debra K. Trock Common names: Oak Creek ragwort Endemic Basionym: Senecio

varietyCastilleja subinclusa var. franciscana (Pennell) G. L. Nesom Phytologia 73: 409. 1992. J. Mark Egger, Peter F. Zika, Barbara L. Wilson, Richard E. Brainerd, Nick

speciesAllium sharsmithiae (Ownbey & Aase ex Traub) McNeal Aliso 13: 417. 1992. Dale W. McNeal Jr., T. D. Jacobsen EndemicConservation concern Basionym:

varietyHesperevax acaulis var. robustior Morefield Syst. Bot. 17: 308, fig. 5N. 1992. James D. Morefield Common names: Robust evax Endemic Treatment appears in

and Dasylirion has been varied. A. L. Takhtajan (1987) and R. F. Thorne (1992b) placed these genera in Dracaenaceae but treated them at different levels

Linnaeus in a monotypic genus. Based on phylogenetic data (J. D. Morefield 1992), that approach would include in Bombycilaena species ancestral to, and derived

from Logfia and is probably ancestral to Evacopsis and Evax (J. D. Morefield 1992). Filago is most easily recognized by outer epappose florets subtended by

Concinnae speciesPotentilla morefieldii Ertter Brittonia 44: 432, fig. 1. 1992. Barbara Ertter Common names: Morefield’s cinquefoil Conservation concernEndemic

Legacy Map Calif., South America Varieties 3 (1 in the flora). J. Brandbyge (1992) recognized two other varieties of Muehlenbeckia hastulata distinguished

Stenochlamys (Musaceae-Heliconioideae). Opera Bot. 82: 5--123. Andersson, L. 1992. Revision of Heliconia subgen. Taeniostrobus and subgen. Heliconia (Musa

Angeles area, where the pollinating wasp apparently has been present since 1992. Voucher specimens are not yet available. None. None. window.propertiesF

Chaetopappa elegans from New Mexico has been transferred to Ionactis (G. L. Nesom 1992), with the clarification of apparent inconsistencies in the base chromosome

Candolle group of Erigeron. Elisens, W. J., R. D. Boyd, and A. D. Wolfe. 1992. Genetic and morphological divergence among varieties of Aphanostephus skirrhobasis

decision to recognize Eremogone, as used in W. A. Weber and R. C. Wittmann (1992) and R. D. Dorn (2001), is based largely on results of the molecular study

United States. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 99:97-100 Hunt, D.M. and R.E. Zaremba. 1992. The northeastward spread of Microstegium vimineum (Poaceae) into New York

pappi 0. x = 19. Calif., nw Mexico Species 1. Turner, B. L. and D. Zippin. 1992. Taxonomic study of Venegasia (Asteraceae: Helenieae). Sida 15: 223–229.

Series, No. 29. National Botanic Garden, Meise, Belgium. 177 pp. Conert, HJ. 1992. Coleanthus. Pp. 434-437 in G. Hegi. Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa

andromonoecious, sometimes gynodioecious, and rarely androdioecious (M. Maki 1992, 1992b, 1993; M. Maki and M. Masusa 1993, 1994). Chamaelirium luteum has been

Europe, e Asia Species ca. 4 (1 in the flora). Chrtek, J. and M. Šourková. 1992. Variation in Oxyria digyna. Preslia 64: 207–210. Mooney, H. A. and W. D

California and Oregon; disjunct populations have been found in Washington (S. Gage 1992, 1995). The known colonies in Washington are at about 500 meters, lower than

Asia (Japan) Species 3–4 (1 in the flora). Rabeler, R. K. and R. R. Old. 1992. Lepyrodiclis holosteoides (Caryophyllaceae), “new” to North America. Madroño

suggesting hybridization with the Mexican Q. mcvaughii Spellenberg (R. Spellenberg 1992). None. None. window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"section","name":"Quercus

established in North America. Daniel, T.R, C. Best, J. Guggolz, and B. Guggolz. 1992. Noteworthy collections: Gaudinia fragilis. Madrono 39:309-310. Gaudinia

threat to S. virginiana through competition in the riparian zone (D. W. Ogle 1992). One cultivar that is noted as having established populations is Spiraea

Canad. J. Bot. 69:1425-1432 Aiken, S.G., S.E. Gardiner, and M.B. Forde. 1992. Taxonomic implications of SDS-PAGE analysis of seed proteins in North American

cultivated for ornament in the flora area (S. A. Spongberg 1976b; J. C. Raulston 1992). Most of the species are deciduous Asian members of series Styrax; all the

and supertribes. Austral. J. Bot. 33:433-484 Watson, L. and M.J. Dallwitz. 1992. The Grass Genera of the World. C.A.B. International, Wallingford, England

previous circumscriptions of Machaeranthera (D. R. Morgan and B. B. Simpson 1992; Morgan 1997, 2002). Those studies suggest that none of the other taxa are

specimens from those states. It was collected only once in New Brunswick in 1992. Carduus acanthoides is a serious weed in pasturelands, where it displaces

Organization for Tropical Studies, Inc., Costa Rica. Pp. 159--162. Kennedy, H. 1992. Calatheas---their distribution, diversity, and potential for horticulture

nean region, Macaronesia, w Asia Species 8 (1 in the flora). Wiklund, A. 1992. The genus Cynara L. (Asteraceae–Cardueae). Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 109: 75–123

were clarified by J. T. Kartesz and K. N. Gandhi (1990) and K. L. Chambers (1992). None. Aconogonon alaskanum var. alaskanum, Aconogonon alaskanum var. glabrescens

retrieval, http://www.mun.ca/biology/delta/arcticf/poa/index.htm Mitchell, W.W. 1992. Cytogeographic races of Arctagrostis latifolia (Poaceae) in Alaska. Canad

1973. The Plantains of Canada. Ottawa. Kuiper, P. J. C. and M. Bos, eds. 1992. Plantago: A Multidisciplinary Study. Berlin. Rahn, K. 1974. Plantago section

Printing Office, Washington, D.C., U.S.A. 1051 pp. Jones, S.D. and G.D. Jones. 1992. Cynodon nlemfuënsis, (Poaceae: Chlorideae) previously unreported in Texas

Additionally, ecotypic variation has been documented (T. A. Suttill and G. A. Allen 1992). In some species, one can find an ecological gradient with some plants near

sculpturing are different (A. E. Schuyler 1969; J. Raynal 1976; J. Browning 1992). Schoenoplectus includes some difficult species complexes, each with different

study of Glyceria and Puccinellia. Amer. J. Bot. 36:155-165 Conert, H.J. 1992. Glyceria. Pp. 440-457 in G. Hegi. Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa, ed

more into accord with those of Russian botanists (e.g., S. S. Kharkevich 1992, vol. 6; I. M. Krasnoborov 1997, vol. 13; E. Wiebe 2000). The circumscription

Rehder (1927), H. S. Maxwell and S. G. Knees (1989), and A. Huxley et al. (1992, vol. 4), or the major floristic treatments by A. I. Pojarkova (1971) and

or 40 or more if a stricter species concept is applied (A. Huxley et al. 1992; F. Maekawa 1940; W. G. Schmid 1991). Well over 1000 cultivars have been

was proposed as an earlier name for C. simonsii (A. Kumar and G. Panigrahi 1992; W. B. Dickoré and G. Kasperek 2010), but J. Fryer and P. F. Zika (2014)

by a populational study throughout the West Indian range of the taxa. In 1992, a clone identified as Pilosocereus bahamensis (Britton & Rose) Byles & G

names for minor morphologic variants has resulted. Field studies (M. Park 1992) have shown that too much morphologic variation occurs within populations

notably aberrant chromosome pairing and very low pollen fertility (S. R. Seavey 1992). The so-called tetraploid E. subdentatum (n = 19) apparently arose following

Honckenya is subdioecious (Petrovsky 1971, 2000; T. Tsukui and T. Sugawara 1992), and is pollinated largely by small bees, hover-flies, flies, and ants (Tsukui

great variation in habitat, morphology, and chromosome number (G. Keator 1992). Two subspecies are recognized here, after G. Keator (1991, 1993b), but

specimens may represent such hybrids; we feel most do not. L. E. McKinney (1992) described the nomenclatural history of Viola palmata. Homophylly versus

taxa (33 basionyms have been linked to the name Corethrogyne). M. A. Lane (1992) referred the plants to a single species with two varieties within Lessingia

retrieval, http://www.mun.ca/biology/delta/arcticf/poa/index.htm Bay, C. 1992. A phytogeographical study of the vascular plants of northern Greenland—north

the group was reaffirmed by plastid DNA work (M. W. Chase and J. D. Palmer 1992). Those data, however, did not clearly indicate how those elements of the

comparative studies of morphology and isozymes of A. bouchonii (P. Wilkin 1992) indicated that that taxon, whatever its origin was, now differs from its

Islands (New Zealand), Australia species 23 (2 in the flora) Brandbyge, J. 1992. The genus Muehlenbeckia (Polygonaceae) in South and Central America. Bot

Flacourtiaceae, “perhaps as a tribe.” A. Cronquist (1988) and R. F. Thorne (1992b) placed the Salicaceae, in a narrow sense, in Violales near Flacourtiaceae

jacea Miller), a wholly different plant, in W. A. Weber and R. C. Wittmann (1992). A population of Centaurea trichocephala M. Bieberstein ex Willdenow (featherhead

Europe A. P. Simopoulos and N. Salem Jr. (1986) and A. P. Simopoulos et al. (1992) have shown Portulaca oleracea to have the highest content of omega-3 fatty

said to occur along the coast from New Hampshire to Canada (S. E. Clemants 1992). of conservation concern None. None. "wider than long" is not a number.window

violets, most notably V. nephrophylla (S. L. Welsh et al. 1987; L. E. McKinney 1992). After contemplating the 2n = 44 chromosome count obtained by J. Clausen

Florida, Richmond County in Georgia and Iberia Parish in Louisiana. A. Touw (1992) noted that Malesian collections came from man-made habitats; similar habitats

Watson) Rose was later transferred to Cyclanthera (D. M. Kearns and E. C. Jones 1992); the others have been relegated to synonymy of B. bigelovii. None. Brandegea

Micropus, with which it shares a majority of character states (J. D. Morefield 1992). None. None. window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"genus","name":"Micropus"

independent pollination units, a feature usually associated with Iris (F. H. Utech 1992). None. None. "thicker" is not a number.window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"genus"

plants shall be treated as C. micropoda. W. A. Weber and R. C. Wittmann (1992) maintain the North American plants distinct from the European C. pyrenaica

species. It was reduced to the rank of forma by K. J. Kim and B. L. Turner (1992), who could find no molecular differences between it and forma cespitosa

Manual. Kodansha, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan. 370 pp. Watson, L. and M.J. Dallwitz. 1992. The Grass Genera of the World. C.A.B. International, Wallingford, England

Nordic J. Bot. 13:615-629 Darbyshire, S.J., J. Cayouette, and S.I. Warwick. 1992. The intergeneric hybrid origin of Poa labradorica Steudel (Poaceae). PI

American locality, in Broward County, Florida, was discovered in 1977, and (in 1992) the plants are in danger of extirpation from development. None. None. window

key to the section Euperezia. Contr. Gray Herb. 97: 1–81. Cabrera R., L. 1992. Systematics of Rzedowskiela Gen. Nov. (Asteraceae: Mutisieae: Nassauviinae)

and/or reticulate relationships to Filago and Stylocline (J. D. Morefield 1992). Logfia depressa appears to be transitional toward Stylocline. Ancestors

Cotoneaster or Heteromeles (J. R. Rohrer et al. 1991; K. R. Robertson et al. 1991, 1992; C. S. Campbell et al. 2007). Molecular studies to date are inconclusive

supply of moisture and the absence of shading (C. F. Sacchi and P. W. Price 1992). When such habitat is available, seeds will germinate almost immediately

traces) that are impressed in both fresh and dry perigynia (R. F. C. Naczi 1992, 1997). Carex sect. Careyanae also has veins impressed in the perigynia when

species, based on a specimen (Anderson 26656, DUKE) collected in Mississippi in 1992, consisting of C. tallulensis. Campylopus subporodictyon (Brotherus) B. H

its elaborately patterned leaves, present in 20% of the species (H. Kennedy 1992). Such patterned-leaved species are popular as house plants, especially the

(Haussknecht) Kitamura and C. speciosum (Decaisne) Hoch & Gandhi (Chen C. J. et al. 1992); the other four species, all endemic in Eurasia, comprise sect. Rosmarinifolium

system by K. Bachmann and colleagues (e.g., Bachmann et al. 1979; Bachmann 1992; Bachmann and J. Battjes 1994). Differences in the diploid DNA amount within

monophyletic, with ancestors possibly near Evax or Stuartina Sonder (J. D. Morefield 1992). Micropsis is most easily recognized by bisexual paleae enlarged, ± saccate

species is established in the Flora region. Morrone, O. and F.O. Zuloaga. 1992. Revision de las especies Sudamericanas nativas e introducisas de los generos

necessarily occur throughout its potential range at any given time (S. E. Clemants 1992). Amaranthus pumilus is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection

was considered a member of Brachytheciaceae by some authors (M. A. Lewis 1992). Results of molecular phylogenetics (M. S. Ignatov and S. Huttunen 2002)

Deguchi (1978) treated it as a distinct species, followed by A. J. E. Smith (1992). Greven agrees with those treatments. He has seen many specimens that are

studies and cluster analyses do not support recognition of two species (M. Park 1992). None. None. window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"section","name":"Thalictrum

included as a horticulturally derived form of C. cardunculus (A. Wiklund 1992). The artichoke and the cardoon, another horticultural race of C. cardunculus

The chromosome numbers listed above are predominant; Mooring (1965, 1980, 1992) also documented 2n = 14, 15, 26, or 30 as regular bivalents. Additional

N.C., Ohio, Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis. L. E. McKinney (1992) described the misconceptions surrounding Viola subsinuata that many came

9, 10, 19) with which they were formerly grouped (Munz 1965; S. R. Seavey 1992). Unexpectedly, molecular analyses (D. A. Baum et al. 1994; R. A. Levin et

Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U.S.A. 498 pp. Morrone, O. and F.O. Zuloaga. 1992. Revision de las especies Sudamericanas nativas e introducidas de los generos

has been reported as introduced in Colorado (W. A. Weber and R. C. Wittmann 1992); this record was probably based on misidentification of C. berlandieri (var

Mexico and Central America were included within Photinia by J. B. Phipps (1992) and molecular evidence corroborates their placement there (Guo W. et al

Alsinanthe, Alsinopsis, Lidia, Minuopsis, Tryphane; W. A. Weber and R. C. Wittmann 1992) may prove to be supported by dna analysis as well. Minuartia rossii, a densely

usually last longer than those of the other two members of the genus. Prior to 1992, this species was in decline on Santa Cruz and Santa Rosa islands because

statistical analysis of its morphologic variation was published by Bachmann (1992). It sometimes has been collected at inland sites at 500–600 m, where the

between the parents and is sterile (W. H. Wagner Jr., F. S. Wagner et al. 1992). None. None. "not" is not a number. "swollen" is not a number."broadest"

County, Idaho; Elko County, Nevada; and Fremont County, Wyoming (R. J. Bayer 1992). It is characterized by arching stolons and white-woolly indument (Bayer)

Introduced; Fla., Asia, Australia A specimen collected in Hillsborough County in 1992 (Holland & Donovan s.n., USF) represents the first record of Lindernia ciliata

Dooley. 1990. Foods of the Key deer. Florida Sci. 53: 264--273. Listabarth, C. 1992. A survey of pollination strategies in the Bractridinae (Palmae). Bull. Inst

diagnostic features it is similar to Cyclanthera (D. M. Kearns and E. C. Jones 1992). Fruits of Cyclanthera are usually echinate; only C. pedata (Linnaeus) Schrader

County, Arizona, east of the present range of P. trichocarpa (Eckenwalder 1992). Populus ×inopina Eckenwalder is a hybrid between P. fremontii and P. nigra

northwest Asia. Four species are cultivated in North America. Conert, H.J. 1992. Sesleria. Pp. 473-480 in G. Hegi. Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa, ed

apex, possibly the same as that reported but not described by B. M. Murray (1992). Steere, W. C. 1939c. Tortula. In: A. J. Grout, ed. 1928–1940. Moss Flora

gallica × R. ×moschata Herrmann; it is not known to produce seed (P. V. Heath 1992). A. Bruneau et al. (2007) found that plastid DNA markers of R. gallica and

vegetative colonies are often overlooked (E. W. Chester and B. E. Wofford 1992). The only record for Alabama is an 1870 collection from the East Fowl River

has been introduced into the Flora region. Hall, D.W. and D.T. Patterson. 1992. Itchgrass-stop the trains? Weed Technol. 6:239-241 Veldkamp, J.F., R. de

as pistillate populations throughout North America (R. Couch and E. Nelson 1992); it is native to the lowlands of South America (A. E. Orchard 1981). It

N.H., N.J., N.Y., Ohio, Pa., R.I., Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis. L. E. McKinney (1992) considered Viola affinis, and much of what botanists had called V. nephrophylla

moister habitats along the western side of the Cascade Mountains (H. E. Ballard 1992). The first documented record of this species in California was recently

more leafy-stemmed, freely branching K. montana (K. J. Kim and B. L. Turner 1992); their habital differences are less clear where they are sympatric in the

specimens suspected to be of hybrid origin (J. Cayouette and P. M. Catling 1992). A similar taxon, C. songorica subsp. gotoi (Ohwi) Popov [C. gotoi Ohwi]

localities in North America along the northern Pacific Rim, all discovered since 1992. Specimens from four of the localities are reported by T. J. O’Brien and

result of misidentification of R. fueginus (see W. A. Weber and R. C. Wittmann 1992). I have not seen specimens of Rumex verticillatus from Delaware, Maine,

virginicum have been studied and promoted since the early 1800s (K. Kindscher 1992). It is grown widely as an ornamental and often escapes from cultivation

been selected and given cultivar names (for examples, see T. L. Mellichamp 1992). The list below includes only hybrids of known wild origin. If formally

affinity. Both are homophyllous and similar in other characters (L. E. McKinney 1992). McKinney recognized V. brittoniana as a variety of V. pedatifida. Additional

robertianum and G. appalachianum (see discussion under G. robertianum; K. M. Pryer 1992). Gymnocarpium × intermedium is intermediate between the two parental species

lasiocarpa and C. stricta require confirmation (J. Cayouette and P. M. Catling 1992). North American plants have, on average, slightly smaller perigynia and

Generated Map Legacy Map Ark., Ill., Kans., Mo., Okla. A. G. Jones (1989, 1992) reported that Symphyotrichum anomalum may hybridize with S. drummondii,

triphyllum and A. dracontium also occur naturally (L. L. Sanders and C. J. Burk 1992). These plants do not produce mature fruits but do reproduce vegetatively

the flora of the eastern United States. Phytologia 10:321-405 Simon, B.K. 1992. Themeda. Pp. 1227-1228 in J.R. Wheeler (ed.). Flora of the Kimberley Region

Crop Science 19:519-523 Asay, K.H., K.B. Jensen, C. Hsiao, and D.R. Dewey. 1992. Probable origin of standard crested wheatgrass, Agropyron desertorum (Fisch

(J. E. Richardson et al. 2000), vegetative characteristics (R. F. Thorne 1992b), and the occurrence of nitrogen fixing symbioses in Elaeagnaceae and some

Legacy Map Ala., Fla., Ga., La., Miss., N.C., S.C., Tex., Va. L. E. McKinney (1992) did not recognize var. heterophylla; D. B. Ward (2006) provided convincing

areas and exhibiting the typical deltate leaf blade shape. L. E. McKinney (1992) considered V. missouriensis a variety of V. sororia. Viola missouriensis

infection by Uromyces sparganii (Uredinales). Browne, E. T. Jr. and R. Athey. 1992. Vascular Plants of Kentucky: An Annotated Checklist. Lexington, Ky. Duvall

phenotypic plasticity. B. A. Ford et al. (1991) and B. A. Ford and P. W. Ball (1992) have demonstrated that these segregates represent elements in a continuum

has been reported from most of those areas (J. Cayouette and P. M. Catling 1992), although the report of the hybrid from Alaska by H. J. Scoggan (1978–1979)

Legacy Map Man., N.B., Ont., Que., Maine, Mich., Minn., Wis. L. E. McKinney (1992) considered Viola novae-angliae to be a variety of V. sororia; N. L. Gil-Ad

Baja California, and in the Siskiyou Mountains of Oregon (R. K. Vickery 1992). They have been documented also on Santa Cruz Island, California. Populations

Bailey et al. (1949), H. S. Maxwell and S. G. Knees (1989), A. Huxley et al. (1992, vol. 4), and Lu L. T. and C. Alexander (2003). None. None. window.prope

proximal nodes, and smaller corollas with nearly filiform tubes. R. J. Meinke (1992), in a field and greenhouse study not cited by Thompson, found that D. jepsonii

Mountain, Sebastian County (N. Stoynoff and W. J. Hess 1990; G. P. Johnson 1992, 1994). Some specimens suggest hybridization with Q. marilandica and/or Q

about 30 km from the international border in Texas (B. J. Simpson et al. 1992). Quercus polymorpha is becoming available in the nursery trade in Texas

only from one county in Pennsylvania (plants now extirpated, K. M. Pryer 1992). Gymnocarpium × achriosporum Sarvela, a putative tetraploid hybrid between

recognized the taxon he had described. Some of his specimens, and those of Bay (1992) collected in Greenland, that are deposited at C and O have been reidentified

glaucoides M. Martens & Galeotti by some authors (K. C. Nixon and C. H. Muller 1992). On the Edwards Plateau of Texas, Quercus laceyi occurs mostly at 350-600

for seed-oil in South America, Europe, Africa, and Asia Minor (E. Zardini 1992). None. None. window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"genus","name":"Madia"

which is suspected to have originated from such parentage (J. D. Morefield 1992, 1992b). Sterile hybrids between S. gnaphaloides and L. arizonica superficially

Siberian species C. bardunovii M. Popov ex M. Lomonosova (M. N. Lomonosova 1992). Probably, the two taxa represent results of parallel evolution (or parallel

(1970–1988, vol. 4), H. S. Maxwell and S. G. Knees (1989), A. Huxley et al. (1992, vol. 4), and references therein provide useful additional information on

by J. H. Wilce (1965), and their cytology is summarized by F. S. Wagner (1992). The best known North American hybrids are the four involving D. tristachyum

Fallopia cilinodis. All other counts summarized by J. P. Bailey and C. A. Stace (1992) and counts by M. H. Kim et al. (2000) are 2n = 22. It is not known if the

(Spitsbergen) On the basis of a morphologic and cytologic study, O. Hedberg (1992) recognized four subspecies in Saxifraga hirculus: subsp. propinqua (2n =

cespitosa in chloroplast cpDNA and nuclear rDNA studies by K. J. Kim et al. (1992b, 1992c). In morphology, it is most similar to the polyploid species K. wrightii

extensively on a molecular basis (K. J. Kim and T. J. Mabry 1991; Kim et al. 1992b, 1992c; Kim and R. K. Jansen 1994). Chloroplast and nuclear DNA data indicate

included in Grossulariaceae (A. Cronquist 1981) or Escalloniaceae (R. F. Thorne 1992b), has a disjunct distribution, with Itea virginica in southeastern North

central Africa, but it is now established in southern Texas (Jones and Jones 1992), and may be present in other parts of the southern United States. It is

to a Pterygoneurum discussed but not formally described by B. M. Murray (1992) for Alaska; a name will be provided in a future publication. None. None

firewood, and as a shade tree in tea and coffee plantations (C. E. Harwood 1989, 1992). Some people have been reported to develop acute contact dermatitis after

the North Platte River in Nebraska, where it was first collected by him in 1992. None. None. "thick" is not a number. "narrow" is not a number.window.pr

'Asplenifolia' has been reported as naturalized in Ontario (A. W. Dugal 1989, 1992), Illinois (A. Branhagen, pers. comm.), and Ohio (M. K. Delong et al. 2005)

not relocated it. Stylocline sonorensis is illustrated in J. D. Morefield (1992). It is superficially similar to S. citroleum; its closest relative is S

eastern shore of Chunky River at Stukey Bridge, 32°15'N, 88°52'W, 30 September 1992, Buck 22129 CANM, NY). The species is morphologically close to I. tenerum

both have prominent sepal auricles on cleistogamous flowers (L. E. McKinney 1992). Fernald described Viola fimbriatula forma umbelliflora, an apparently rare

is reported from one location in Kentucky (E. T. Browne Jr. and R. Athey 1992) and is becoming well established in parts of Florida, especially near Tallahassee

the range of P. trichocarpa in Mohave County, Arizona; J. E. Eckenwalder 1992). It can be found particularly in canyons where its parents are elevationally

Harrington 1954) belong to R. stenophyllus (W. A. Weber and R. C. Wittmann 1992). None. None. "/2" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this

including Viola conspersa within V. labradorica, which is followed here. Ballard (1992) did not recognize V. labradorica as occurring in Colorado. Several western

produce new cultivars such as ‘Prairie Joy’ (L. M. Collicutt 1992) and ‘Winnipeg Parks’ (Collicutt 1992b). None. None. "thin" is not a number."dm" is not declared

tolerates drier conditions than other European species of Glyceria (Conert 1992). In Denmark, it tends to grow in areas that are highly trampled (Niels Jacobsen

Based on a study of herbarium collections, R. Couch and E. Nelson (1985, 1992) believed that M. spicatum was introduced from Europe in the 1940s and subsequently

(Oct-Dec) 1993 Volume 7 No. 1 (Jan-Mar) No. 2-3 (Apr-Sep) No. 4 (Oct-Dec) 1992 Volume 6 No. 1 (Jan-Mar) No. 2 (Apr-Jun) No. 3 (Jul-Sep) No. 4 (Oct-Dec)

Kew, 1994. 2 vols. Kew. Vol. 1, pp. 49–77. Morgan, D. R. and B. B. Simpson. 1992. A systematic study of Machaeranthera (Asteraceae) and related groups using

native in South America (J. C. Solomon 1982) and East Asia (Chen C. J. et al. 1992), but adven­tive in Europe and western Russia (P. H. Raven 1968), Pacific

event is suggested by the chloroplast DNA studies by K. J. Kim et al. (1992b, 1992c), with marked genetic divergence of the tetraploids having occurred since

American species of Carex was published by (J. Cayouette and P. M. Catling 1992), who accepted reports of 253 hybrids in North America and an additional

characteristics of S. arctica and S. glauca (G. W. Argus 1965, 1973; C. Bay 1992). They resemble S. arctica in its prostrate habit, glaucous branches and

overlapping, but distinct, geographical ranges (Mosquin 1966; Chen C. J. et al. 1992). The diploid subsp. angustifolium occupies the northern part of its range

were it not for its occasional introgression with var. nevadense (T. M. Kan 1992). It rarely is seen in cultivation. None. None. "dm" is not declared as a

(Chihuahua), Mexico (Durango), Mexico (Sinaloa), Mexico (Sonora) R. K. Vickery (1992) noted that yellow-flowered morphs of Erythranthe verbenacea occur in a population

tillage or by fire, followed by shallow, then deep, plowing (Hall and Patterson 1992). 'Itchgrass' aptly describes the effects of the hairs on the skin. None

appears to be basal or nearly so in Logfia and Filagininae (J. D. Morefield 1992); only 2–4 epappose florets are present in most heads. Reports of L. arvensis

high-elevation, ecotypic extremes are genetically fixed (T. A. Suttill and G. A. Allen 1992) but do not seem worthy of taxonomic recognition. Some individuals near Anchorage

mistaken for V. canadensis because the petals are whitish (H. E. Ballard 1992). Viola striata reportedly hybridizes with V. labradorica (= V. ×eclipes

indistinct apex. This species has been collected widely in Alaska (B. M. Murray 1992), California (D. H. Norris and J. R. Shevock 2004), and Washington (T. T

are sometimes treated as one species (e.g., Pohl 1980; Morrone and Zuloaga 1992, 1993). They are maintained here as separate species pending further research

through the Caucasus and southern Asia to eastern China (Chen C. J. et al. 1992), and in northwestern Africa and the Canary Islands (P. H. Raven 1967). Prior

Typha latifolia. Amer. J. Bot. 61: 318--323. Rowlatt, U. and H. Morshead. 1992. Architecture of the leaf of the greater reed mace, Typha latifolia L. Bot

regions revealed that they are P. novae-seelandiae Brotherus (R. R. Ireland 1992). None. None. "broad" is not a number.window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"genus"

reported, but in fact such plants might be difficult to detect. S. R. Seavey (1992) was able to form hybrids, but they were highly sterile. Nevertheless, hybridization

in the Point Reyes area of Marin County (L. Davis and R. J. Sherman 1990, 1992). The last collection from Sonoma County was made at Sebastopol in 1907.

nankotaizanense Yamamoto, an alpine endemic from Taiwan, China (Chen C. J. et al. 1992). It is uncertain whether they are actually related or have evolved similar

laevis along larger streams (C. C. Deam 1940; M. L. Roberts and R. L. Stuckey 1992; Stuckey 1968b; F. H. Utech 1970). R. B. Kaul (pers. comm.) reported similar

Asia (E. I. Steinberg 1949) to Nepal (Raven 1962), China (Chen C. J. et al. 1992), and Japan (A. W. Lievens and P. C. Hoch 1999). It occurs as well along

basis, these varieties seem too poorly defined to be useful (R. V. Moran 1992b). S. L. Hatch et al. (1990) were first to report Crassula connata in Texas

Rutales (J. Hutchinson 1964–1967, vol. 1; A. L. Takhtajan 1987). R. F. Thorne (1992b) allied Surianaceae closely with Fabaceae and Connaraceae. A phylogenetic

Erigeron breweri is treated as a member of E. sect. Linearifolii in G. L. Nesom (1992b), where all of the varieties are mapped in detail. None. Erigeron breweri

close relatives, including varieties, were mapped in detail by G. L. Nesom (1992b). None. Erigeron foliosus var. confinis, Erigeron foliosus var. foliosus

call it merely a phase of C. aquatica not needing a formal name (R. V. Moran 1992b). A typical strand plant is depicted in the lower left corner of the illustration

taxonomic, reproductive, ecological, and evolutionary implications (S. Kelso 1992b; A. J. Richards 2003). When such clear distinction occurs in conjunction

Valley, near Sitgreave Mountain, Lemmon in 1884) to C. viridis (R. V. Moran 1992b). None. None. window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"genus","name":"Crassula"

Rouleau 1981; G.L. Stebbins 1974; A.L. Takhtajan 1987; R.F. Thorne 1983, 1992, 1992b), but at some point, one system began to dominate. With this in mind

been shown to have highly diverged chloroplast DNA (S. J. Brunsfeld et al. 1992). It can be distinguished from var. exigua by its soft, spreading hairs on

Salix taxifolia is used here in the sense of G. W. Argus and C. L. McJannet (1992). R. D. Dorn (1998) used that name instead for what Argus and McJannet called

Oregon. This interpretation differs from that previously suggested by Ertter (1992), in which P. bruceae was interpreted as the catchall category for hybrids

deciduous forest. It is often confused with Eurybia chlorolepis (see W. F. Lamboy 1992 for distinction between the two species), E. schreberi, or Symphyotrichum

environmentally based (sun versus shade), whereas work by Z. E. Murrell (1992) documented a geographical basis for the differences. The geographical zone

circumscription of Potentilla drummondii differs from that of B. Ertter (1992, 1993), which encompassed P. breweri and P. bruceae as varieties (see 28

studied the population genetics of this restricted taxon, and Les et al. (1992) its distribution and autecology in Wisconsin. J. A. Reinartz and D. H. Les

type is probably a sterile hybrid with P. wheeleri as one parent (B. Ertter 1992). The type of P. millefolia var. algida Jepson (included by Johnston in the

thought to have been extirpated (S. R. Hill 1993); it was rediscovered in 1992. It appears to have occurred historically in at least seven counties; extant

Tennessee, and it is vulnerable elsewhere. It was mapped by W. F. Lamboy (1992), who showed its distinctness from E. divaricata using morphometric and cytologic

follow lichens, mosses, and selaginella (G. W. and D. G. Cox 1977; R. V. Moran 1992c). Dudleya edulis hybridizes in California with D. blochmaniae subsp. blochmaniae

1976--1988) and its supplements by F. A. Stafleu, E. A. Mennega, and others (1992+) have been used for abbreviations of titles of books.

wildflower nurseries in many states (National Wildflower Research Center 1992) has helped to create a viable market, thereby making the widespread cultivation

clearer after recognition of S. intertexta and S. masonii (J. D. Morefield 1992b). None. None. window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"genus","name":"Stylocline"

and numbers of structures, and may warrant varietal status (J. D. Morefield 1992c). A malformed plant from Merced County appears to have been a hybrid between

The conventions of Authors of Plant Names (R. K. Brummitt and C. E. Powell 1992, reprinted 1996) have been used as a guide for including first initials to

somewhat modified version of a key written earlier (D. H. Vitt and W. R. Buck 1992) to honor Howard A. Crum on his retirement from the University of Michigan

cordilleras at high alpine elevations (to 4500 meters) (Chen C. J. et al. 1992; P. C. Hoch 2012 [as Chamerion]). Both diploid (n = 18) and tetraploid (n

Hooker & Arnott; about the nomenclatural type of G. humilis, M. A. Lane (1992b) stated “...clearly conspecific with G. hirsutula” and she used the name

sterile hybrid between P. oregonus and Hesperevax caulescens (J. D. Morefield 1992c). None. None. window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"genus","name":"Psilocarphus"

indistinguishable from the type of Micropus globiferus from Chile (J. D. Morefield 1992d). Psilocarphus chilensis and P. tenellus are at least as distinct as the

been treated as a synonym of E. uncialis (A. Cronquist 1994; G. L. Nesom 1992b); E. uncialis var. conjugans, which closely approaches E. cavernensis in

is grouped with C. linariifolia by some authors (for example, G. L. Nesom 1992c), but it has subequal abaxial and adaxial calyx clefts and is more likely

York. Pp. 131--164. Barbour, M. G. 1992. Life at the leading edge: The beach plant syndrome. In: U. Seeliger, ed. 1992. Coastal Plant Communities of Latin

succulent, perennial forb (M.G. Barbour 1992). Woodiness, sclerophylly, and annuality are uncommon features (M.G. Barbour 1992). Plant cover tends to be low (5--20%)

techniques may eventually help to resolve some of these problems, but the time (1992) is not quite yet. It has been recognized for more than a century that the

species in the Central Rocky Mountains, and W.A. Weber and R.C. Wittmann (1992) located 3088 vascular plants (including infraspecific taxa) for the whole

portions of the subject have been reviewed (E.B. Davis 1987), and Reveal (1990, 1992) has broadly covered many of the events. The colonial era is summarized in

Collinson 1990; B.H. Tiffney 1985b; D.W. Taylor 1990; D.I. Axelrod et al. 1992; A.Graham, chap. 3). In the Jurassic, the continents were close together