ca. 7–18 µm. KOH laminal color reaction red, occasionally red-orange or yellow. Worldwide Species ca. 122 (26 in the flora). The genus Didymodon is distinguished
28 KB (1,343 words) - 07:04, 30 July 2020
whorled, rigid, angle of divergence about 25°. Twigs bright green, becoming yellow-green with age, viscid, ridges between longitudinal grooves papillate; internodes
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whorled, rigid, angle of divergence about 45°. Twigs pale green, becoming yellow with age, not viscid, glaucous, with numerous longitudinal grooves; internodes
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umbilicate or turbinate in fruit > 54 53 Corollas pale greenish yellow or pale yellow to white, sometimes purple tinged, limb 5-8 mm; calyces clavate in
36 KB (1,364 words) - 10:24, 30 July 2020
mm. Phyllaries distally brown, cream, gray, green, pink, red, white, or yellow (apices acute or erose-obtuse). Corollas: staminate unknown; pistillate
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inclined 145–180°, brown to stramineous, short-pyriform to urceolate, neck less than 1/3 urn length; exothecial cells isodiametric, walls sinuate; stomata
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brown to redbrown, sometimes stramineous, short-pyriform to urceolate, neck less than 1/3 urn length; exothecial cells isodiametric, walls sinuate; stomata
7 KB (625 words) - 07:40, 30 July 2020
conspicuous, raised, prominent, sometimes short-mucronate. Perigynia ascending, yellow-brown or chestnut, veinless, ovate or elliptic, 2.5–3 × 1.5–1.75 mm, apex
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rays furcate near base, (usually strongly umbonate, roughly tuberculate, less so over umbo). Stems few to several from base, erect or outer decumbent,
7 KB (745 words) - 11:57, 30 July 2020
“double” cultivars, sometimes 0 in Z. anomala), pistillate, fertile; corollas yellow, orange, red, maroon, purple, or white (laminae persistent, sessile or nearly
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closed or nearly so; hypanthium funnelform, sparsely yellow-pilose-strigose; sepals: margins yellow-villous, apex green and red-purple, acuminate or acute
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reflexed less than 1/5 along length from base, yellow or sometimes yellow-orange proximally, red-orange or sometimes red, red-purple, orange, or yellow barely
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inner tepals ca. 30 per flower, pale-yellow, ca. 30 mm; outer filaments white or pale-yellow; anthers orange-yellow; stigma lobes 5–8, white or cream, (2
9 KB (923 words) - 09:25, 30 July 2020
flat to low-convex, pitted, glabrous, epaleate. Florets 5–300; corollas yellow to orange or white, outer often purplish abaxially. Cypselae gray to brown
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(–14) mm, throat relatively open; staminode yellow-green, sometimes green to brown-red, flabellate, length less than width. 2n = 96. Phenology: Flowering
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green, yellowish, brownish, or golden green, with orange tinge due to leaves yellow-green and stems reddish. Stems creeping, ascending, or sometimes erect,
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of membranaceous blades with thickened midribs); petiole usually slender, less than 6 mm wide; blade linearlanceolate to linear-oblanceolate, oblanceolate
12 KB (1,084 words) - 05:23, 30 July 2020
8–30 mm; flower tube hairs usually 1–2 mm; inner tepals crimson or scarlet, less often orange-red (very rarely rose-pink), with or without whitish or yellowish
11 KB (1,231 words) - 09:20, 30 July 2020
apex obtuse, acute, or short-acuminate; stamens included; anthers yellow; pollen yellow; ovary 3-grooved with ridge on either side of each groove, ridges
9 KB (573 words) - 05:52, 30 July 2020
open; sepals directed forward to somewhat spreading, brown, tan, red, or yellow, often darker distally, lanceolate, 3-veined, 4.7–15 mm; petals frequently
7 KB (608 words) - 05:32, 30 July 2020
apex pointed; anther adaxial, erect behind rostellum; pollinia 4, bright-yellow, clavate, joined in pairs, firm but somewhat mealy, attached to caudicles;
7 KB (437 words) - 05:23, 30 July 2020
Mentioned on page 590, 596, 643, 654. Plants large, in thick mats or deep wefts, yellow-green to dark green, glossy. Stems irregularly branched. Stem-leaves ovatelanceolate
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leaves Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Herbs, perennial, from orange, yellow, or pale-brown, slender rhizomes 0.5-2 mm thick. Leaves basal, petiolate
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15–28 mm; tube 13–15 mm; beak exserted, adaxially yellow or yellow-green, 7–8 mm; abaxial lip yellow or deep green, reduced, slightly inflated, pouched
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leaf-bases. Pedicels present. Flowers 6–15 mm diam.; hypanthium tube greenish yellow or tinged reddish purple, narrowly cylindric, cups hemispheric-campanulate
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1–4.5 cm; bracts green to yellow-green throughout, or proximally green to yellow-green, distally yellow to sometimes pale yellow-orange, narrowly lanceolate
8 KB (639 words) - 18:53, 29 July 2020
pink-purple with pale and darker stripes, less often white, cream with pink-orange stripes, ± orange, or yellow; cymes densely paniculate to subumbellate
13 KB (537 words) - 09:45, 30 July 2020
bilaterally symmetric, cupulate, lobes lanceolate, adaxial largest; corolla yellow or white, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate, tubular, tube base usually gibbous
7 KB (367 words) - 18:58, 29 July 2020
581. Plants often robust, in thick mats or short turf, yellow to orangebrown distally, yellow to redbrown proximally. Stems commonly elongate, 1–5 cm;
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0.3–1 mm; filaments distinct or connate less than 1/2 their lengths, glabrous; anthers purple turning yellow, 0.4–0.5 mm. Pistillate flowers: adaxial
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rigid, angle of divergence about 30°. Twigs pale to dark green, becoming yellow with age, not viscid, slightly to strongly scabrous, with numerous longitudinal
7 KB (404 words) - 00:29, 30 July 2020
apex acute to acuminate, not involute; stamens included; anthers yellow; pollen yellow; ovary crested; processes 6, prominent, central, triangular, short
7 KB (530 words) - 05:51, 30 July 2020
whorled, rigid, angle of divergence about 30°. Twigs pale green, becoming yellow with age, not viscid, usually smooth or very slightly scabrous, with numerous
7 KB (385 words) - 00:27, 30 July 2020
operculum short to long-conic; exostome teeth yellow to light-brown, triangular-acute; endostome yellow to yellowbrown, basal membrane 1/2 exostome length
7 KB (541 words) - 07:40, 30 July 2020
10–40 × 3–8 mm, margin entire, apex retuse to obtuse. Staminate flowers yellow (rarely brown), in clusters 2–3 mm wide, borne in panicles 3–15 cm. Pistillate
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Plants small or medium-sized, green, yellowish green, golden brown, golden yellow, or brownish. Stems unbranched, irregularly branched, or irregularly pinnate;
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sometimes included, adaxially yellow, pale orange to red-orange, reddish-brown, green, or white, 5–15 (–20) mm; abaxial lip yellow, white, red, deep red, red-violet
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papillose-denticulate. Inflorescences mostly axillary, if also terminal then less than 5 cm; cymes 1–3 (–4) -flowered. Pedicels 1–3 mm. Flowers: at least some
5 KB (723 words) - 10:10, 30 July 2020
glaucous adaxially; scalelike leaves 1–3 mm, not overlapping or if so, by less than 1/4 their length, keeled, apex acute, spreading. Seed-cones maturing
6 KB (549 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
auricles less than 0.6 times as long as distance from base of lip to apex of middle lobe, apex 3-dentate; column 0.4–0.6 × 0.4–0.6 mm; pollinia yellow. Capsules
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the upper glumes with 2 lateral-veins, these sometimes obscure and usually less than 1/2 the length of the glumes, acute; lower lemmas 2-2.4 mm, apices bifid
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self-compatible. Stems (often purplish, especially distally, slender, usually less than 3 mm diam. at bases) branched (branches often relatively many, usually
6 KB (702 words) - 23:39, 29 July 2020
apex acuminate, not involute; stamens included; anthers purple; pollen yellow; ovary conspicuously crested; processes 6, central, distinct, flattened
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apex acute to short-mucronate. Perigynia ascending, pale green or pale-yellow, veinless or obscurely veined, ovate, orbicular or obovate, 2.5–3.5 × 1
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brown to redbrown, sometimes stramineous, short-pyriform to urceolate, neck less than 1/3 urn length; exothecial cells isodiametric, walls sinuate; stomata
8 KB (728 words) - 07:40, 30 July 2020
Flora of North America Association Plants moderate to robust, weak-stemmed, yellow, yellowish-brown to golden brown; capitulum varying from rounded, not 5-radiate
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9–23 mm; filaments white, less than 1/2 anther length, thin; anthers straight or very slightly recurving, creamy white or yellow, 5–18 mm, thick, dehiscence
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erect, leaflike, 2–5 cm, reduced toward apex; peduncle scapelike, 0.2–0.5 m, less than 2.5 cm diam. Flowers pendent; tepals distinct, greenish white to white
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10-17, white; stamens 30-70, yellow-orange, abaxially usually suffused with purple, connective appendage projecting less than 0.2 mm beyond anther; filaments
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acute, faces pilose; cauline linear-elliptic, reduced distally to 10 mm or less, margins obscurely dentate or entire. Heads 1–30 (–70). Peduncles 1.5–7 cm
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Flowering-stems erect, bending over after flowering, to 25 cm, distal internode less than 4 cm. Sessile leaves in basal rosette. Petiolate leaves floating or
9 KB (910 words) - 05:53, 30 July 2020
golden brown; capitulum flattopped and only weakly 5-radiate. Stems pale-yellow; stem cortex moderately well-differentiated but not much enlarged. Stem-leaves
6 KB (620 words) - 06:53, 30 July 2020
brown to redbrown, sometimes stramineous, short-pyriform to urceolate, neck less than 1/3 urn length; exothecial cells isodiametric, walls sinuate; stomata
7 KB (595 words) - 07:40, 30 July 2020
brownish, exfoliating, separating freely into long strips or broad plates, less commonly with small platelike scales. Twigs brown to reddish-brown or black
8 KB (552 words) - 08:39, 30 July 2020
eventually turning yellowish-brown, very slender, less than 0.5 mm diam.; bark of older branches pale-yellow to gray; tips sharply pointed, flexible, not or
6 KB (598 words) - 13:53, 30 July 2020
capsule, margins 3–7-lobed. Flowers: sepals 9–19 mm; petals orange proximally, yellow distally, obovate, 20–40 × (12–) 16–33 mm, apex mucronate; stamens 20+,
6 KB (617 words) - 18:33, 29 July 2020
stalked. Flowers nodding, white, urceolate to gaping, claw of lip at low (less than 30°) angle to lamina, base appearing only slightly inflated; sepals
8 KB (704 words) - 05:22, 30 July 2020
Leaves: blade linear to oblanceolate, 3–10 × 0.1–0.7 cm, tomentose abaxially, less so to thinly floccose and green adaxially, margins plane. Inflorescences
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pale-pink; styles 3–5. Pomes orange to deep red or brick-red to red, rarely yellow, suborbicular, 5–8 (–12) mm diam., usually glabrous; flesh mealy or hard;
11 KB (967 words) - 14:38, 30 July 2020
glandular-serrate; stamens (6–) 10 or 20, anthers usually pink or rose to purple, rarely yellow; styles 3–5. Pomes usually bright red, sometimes orange-red, suborbicular
12 KB (860 words) - 14:42, 30 July 2020
recurved 3/5–2/3 along length from base, not strongly reflexed, lower often less recurved than upper and forming landing platform, orange or yellowish proximally
10 KB (944 words) - 05:44, 30 July 2020
usually epaleate. Functionally staminate florets 10–50; corollas white to pale-yellow, tubes about equal to narrowly funnelform throats, lobes 5, spreading-reflexed
19 KB (1,032 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
Treatment on page 337. Flowers: tepals yellow, 11–12 mm; basal filament appendages 2-cuspidate, aristate, cusps 1–2 mm, less than 1/2 length of filaments, apex
3 KB (405 words) - 06:02, 30 July 2020
spreading to ascending, branching, bearing ± persistent, arcuate, bristlelike, less than 5 mm, proximal portions of midribs of old leaves, suffrutescent. Leaves
5 KB (407 words) - 09:11, 30 July 2020
greenish marked with yellow, lanceolate-oblong, 1.5–2.5 cm, apex not recurved; nectaries green with maroon dots, broadly lanceolate, less than 1/2 tepal length;
4 KB (360 words) - 05:41, 30 July 2020
to lanceolate. Scape 2–8 dm. Flowers: perianth golden yellow, campanulate, 6–7 mm, 2 times or less as long as broad, lobes erect. Fruits: beaks gradually
3 KB (359 words) - 05:49, 30 July 2020
purple, or yellow, darker or paler basally, base densely white-pilose-hairy; staminal column exserted, 5-angled, anthers crowded, pale-yellow, glabrous;
10 KB (636 words) - 11:23, 30 July 2020
grading distally into brush of hairlike protuberances; protuberances white, yellow, or orange to magenta, elongate, filiform to clavellate; column arcuate
12 KB (768 words) - 05:28, 30 July 2020
Disc-florets 5–25, bisexual and fertile or functionally staminate; corollas yellow, tubes much shorter than tubular-funnelform throats, lobes 5, erect, deltate;
12 KB (754 words) - 21:50, 29 July 2020
6–8; filaments distinct, free, glabrous or pubescent proximally; anthers yellow to pink or red, ovate to elliptic; styles 3, spreading, connate basally
11 KB (761 words) - 10:08, 30 July 2020
green, 3–5 × 2–3.5 cm; petals yellow, distal portion ovate to narrowly elliptic, 5–8.5 × 3–4 cm, margins entire; style disc yellow-green, 6–8 cm diam. Capsules
8 KB (760 words) - 13:09, 30 July 2020
Mentioned on page 270. Plants soft, green, yellow, or yellow-green, dark-brown, usually only youngest parts yellow to yellow-green. Stems to 2 cm, usually shorter
8 KB (750 words) - 07:42, 30 July 2020
long-exserted; filaments inserted ca. mid perianth-tube, erect, yellow to yellow-green, 5.5–6 cm; anthers yellow, 30–31 mm; ovary 3.3–4 cm, neck unconstricted, 2–4
7 KB (562 words) - 06:13, 30 July 2020
throughout, rarely light orange or light yellow throughout, or proximally greenish, distally colored as above, less showy than calyces, lanceolate, 0 (–3)
9 KB (646 words) - 18:56, 29 July 2020
P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 5: 659. 1836. James D. Morefield Common names: Yellow pincushion Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 411. Mentioned
10 KB (844 words) - 22:32, 29 July 2020
tepals caducous or outermost persistent, 14-30, white to pink-purple or yellow; stamens 100-200. Fruits somewhat globose or ovoid; receptacle gradually
3 KB (277 words) - 08:24, 30 July 2020
cushions or turfs or loosely cespitose, green distally, brown to tan or yellow proximally. Stems to 1 cm, hyalodermis weakly differentiated to distinct
18 KB (1,487 words) - 07:02, 30 July 2020
(often included by some in the latter) and Primulaceae, and are considered less advanced than either. Samolus had been included in Primulaceae; the semi-inferior
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elongating after flowering. Receptacles epaleate. Florets 25–200; corollas yellow, tubes 2–5.5 mm, ligules 3–16 × 1–3 mm; anthers 1.5–4.5 mm. Cypselae 5–12
8 KB (697 words) - 20:22, 29 July 2020
Treatment on page 72. Mentioned on page 63. Plants robust and weak-stemmed; yellow to light-brown; capitulum flattopped and with ± conspicuous terminal bud
6 KB (648 words) - 06:54, 30 July 2020
separately, medium brown, 1/2 to equaling length of achene; anthers dark yellow to orange-yellow, 3.5–5 mm; styles (2–) 3-fid. Achenes dark to medium brown, color
8 KB (786 words) - 01:55, 30 July 2020
oblong, 0.3–0.8 mm; filaments connate less than to more than 1/2 their lengths; anthers yellow or purple turning yellow, ellipsoid or shortly cylindrical,
11 KB (864 words) - 12:03, 30 July 2020
barely spreading, diverging 3°–12° from axis; anthers pale-yellow, 0.4–0.8 cm; pollen yellow; pistil 2.7–3.8 cm; ovary 1.2–1.8 cm; style pale green; pedicel
9 KB (905 words) - 05:43, 30 July 2020
0.8–1 mm; filaments distinct or connate less than 1/2 their lengths, glabrous; anthers purple turning yellow, (ellipsoid), 0.5–0.6 mm. Pistillate flowers:
11 KB (753 words) - 12:02, 30 July 2020
0.6–1 mm; filaments distinct or connate less than 1/2 their lengths, glabrous; anthers purple turning yellow, ellipsoid to shortly cylindrical, 0.4–0
11 KB (875 words) - 12:03, 30 July 2020
× 6–8 mm, margins paler, nearly entire; filaments yellow, green, red-violet, or pink; anthers yellow; styles minutely and sparsely papillate. Fruits dehiscent
10 KB (954 words) - 09:23, 30 July 2020
spreading-spinulose, shorter than to equaling achene; stamens 3; anthers yellow to brown, 0.7–1.5 mm. Achenes with angles plus longitudinal ridges ca. 8–12
14 KB (1,503 words) - 01:30, 30 July 2020
11–16 µm, smooth to papillose, brownish. KOH laminal color reaction yellow to yellow-orange. Worldwide except Antarctica Species ca. 22 (3 in the flora)
15 KB (1,012 words) - 07:04, 30 July 2020
1–3.5 (–4) × (0.3–) 0.5–1.5 cm, densely tomentose abaxially, only slightly less so adaxially, margins plane. Inflorescences capitate, 1.5–2.5 cm; branches
9 KB (891 words) - 10:34, 30 July 2020
sometimes villous with septate trichomes along veins, adaxial green, glabrous or less commonly thinly to densely gray-tomentose; basal often present at flowering
11 KB (809 words) - 20:47, 29 July 2020
(inner), unequal, membranous, bases indurate, green zones in distal 1/5–1/3 or less (outer), reduced to midnerve or none (inner), margins erose, narrowly scarious
11 KB (689 words) - 22:18, 29 July 2020
green parts), green zones 1/2–2/3 distal portions and full width (outer) to less than 1/6 and along midveins (inner), apices acute to long-acuminate, squarrose
9 KB (758 words) - 22:18, 29 July 2020
long-trailing; branches yellowbrown, redbrown, or green-brown, glabrous; branchlets yellow-green or yellowbrown to redbrown, (sometimes weakly glaucous), glabrous
12 KB (947 words) - 12:23, 30 July 2020
medium stout, from less than 1/2 achene length to sometimes slightly exceeding tubercle, retrorsely spinulose; stamens 1; anthers dark yellow to brown, 0.6–1
10 KB (758 words) - 01:24, 30 July 2020
thin and delicate; anthers yellow; nectar chamber (2–) 3.5–6 (–8) mm. Fruits bright red, dull carmine, or purplish maroon, less often orange-tan or purplish
10 KB (1,087 words) - 09:20, 30 July 2020
oblanceolate to oblong, (0.8–) 1–4 (–6) × 0.5–2 cm, tomentose abaxially, less so to floccose and greenish to grayish adaxially; cauline: petiole 0.3–2
8 KB (940 words) - 10:50, 30 July 2020
± longer than distal. Flowers 5-merous; hypanthium 3–5 mm diam.; petals yellow, ± obcordate, 4–8 mm, equal to or longer than sepals, apex retuse; stamens
10 KB (819 words) - 13:57, 30 July 2020
taproots. Stems unsegmented, usually gray-green or blue-green to dark green [yellow-green in L. diffusa of Mexico], usually flat-topped and cryptic in soil
9 KB (715 words) - 09:26, 30 July 2020
Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Bulbs branching but less often than in subsp. pardalinum, otherwise similar; scales usually 2-segmented
7 KB (930 words) - 05:44, 30 July 2020
white, slightly longer and narrower than anthers; anthers recurving, bright-yellow, 5–14 mm, thick, dehiscence introrse; ovary inconspicuous, white, angular-ovoid
9 KB (782 words) - 06:14, 30 July 2020
(often weakly glaucous, dull or slightly glossy), glabrous; branchlets yellow-green or yellowbrown, usually glabrous, sometimes pilose to glabrescent
11 KB (847 words) - 12:29, 30 July 2020
inner tepals ca. 20 per flower, dark golden yellow, pale greenish yellow, translucent dull yellow, or saffron yellow, proximally reddish, often bronze tinted
13 KB (1,243 words) - 09:25, 30 July 2020
ascending or recurved only at tips, pale dull creamy yellow or pale greenish tan to pale yellow-orange or pale apricot, usually with well-defined darker
12 KB (1,181 words) - 09:25, 30 July 2020
margins and apices, less so on abaxial faces. Paleae lanceolate, apices obtuse, faces glabrous. Ray-florets 6–8 (–13); corollas golden yellow, laminae 10–22
7 KB (726 words) - 23:00, 29 July 2020
mostly glabrous, summit with hairs; collars hispid, hairs 0.2-0.8 mm; ligules less than 0.5 mm; blades 20-55 cm long, 2-4 mm wide, light bluish-green, flat
7 KB (752 words) - 04:52, 30 July 2020
proximal often spreading, (12–) 15–22 mm thick, if spikes less than 15 mm thick, then usually less than 2.5 times as long as wide; terminal 1 spike staminate
8 KB (672 words) - 02:16, 30 July 2020
to narrowly ovate, more or less open to dense, lowest node with 2-15 branches; branches scabridulous, ascending to more or less appressed, mostly branching
7 KB (867 words) - 03:30, 30 July 2020
uniformly densely hairy, or the backs less densely so, apices acute to obtuse, entire; awns 5-8 mm, straight, arising less than 1.5 mm below the lemma apices;
7 KB (816 words) - 02:54, 30 July 2020
26. Treatment on page 190. Mentioned on page 189. Bulbs branching less often and less regularly than subsp. pardalinum, 2.1–4.4 × 4.4–10.3 cm, 0.4–0.6 times
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broad cream-white petals, the montane var. reflexa, with less leafy inflorescences and narrow yellow petals, and the transitional interior var. glandulosa
10 KB (876 words) - 14:10, 30 July 2020
white or purple, or green becoming light pink with age, distally white or yellow (sometimes becoming orange with age), purple or maroon spots or blotches
11 KB (769 words) - 18:52, 29 July 2020
Ray-florets 3–8, pistillate, fertile; corollas pale-yellow. Disc-florets 10–20, bisexual, fertile; corollas yellow, tubes shorter than funnelform throats, lobes
5 KB (463 words) - 23:13, 29 July 2020
mm wide; anther apiculations absent or less than 0.1 mm, thecae creamy yellow to golden yellow, tubules yellow to yellowish brown. Pyrola grandiflora 3
12 KB (691 words) - 13:10, 30 July 2020
coarse and rigid, usually hoary, grayish, brownish or yellowish green, yellow or yellow to blackish brown. Stems mostly pinnately branched, with many short
11 KB (895 words) - 06:52, 30 July 2020
pistillate, fertile; corollas usually yellow, sometimes ochroleucous. Disc-florets 20–40+, bisexual, fertile; corollas yellow to orange (glanddotted), tubes about
7 KB (606 words) - 00:01, 30 July 2020
Mentioned on page 356, 357. Plants medium-sized to large, in thick mats, green, yellow-green, or orange-green. Stems with branches robust, julaceous, apices usually
8 KB (653 words) - 07:46, 30 July 2020
longer than leaves. Leaves: basal leaf-sheaths fibrillose when old; blades yellow-green or bright green, involutecylindric, quill-shaped, 6–25 cm, 0.3–0.7
6 KB (512 words) - 01:25, 30 July 2020
so, apex acute; corolla rotate or funnelform [convolute], pink or white [yellow, sometimes with red spot]. United States, Mexico, West Indies, Bermuda,
6 KB (449 words) - 11:28, 30 July 2020
America Association Stems erect, apices bearing scales; scales lustrous yellow to brownish, concolored, 0.5–1 mm, margins stiffly ciliate. Leaves densely
6 KB (410 words) - 00:33, 30 July 2020
narrow, with basal nectary; sepals 4, reflexed singly or in pairs; petals 4, yellow, fading pale yellowish orange, without spots; stamens 8 in 2 unequal series
8 KB (562 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
(“flattened bristles”). Florets many; corollas white to pink, purple, or yellow; outer sterile, corollas expanded, raylike, bilateral, 5–many-lobed; inner
7 KB (571 words) - 20:01, 29 July 2020
mixed with paraphyses (sori acrostichoid), containing 64 spores. Spores yellow, tetrahedral, minutely tuberculate or roughened, equatorial flange absent
7 KB (385 words) - 00:30, 30 July 2020
distinct, subequal; petals erect with outcurved tips, distinct, buff or dull yellow often marked with red; calyx and corolla not circumscissile in fruit; nectaries
6 KB (416 words) - 13:04, 30 July 2020
blue, or violet. Disc-florets 20–100+, bisexual, fertile; corollas usually yellow (sometimes reddening), slightly ampliate [tubular], tubes shorter than to
10 KB (642 words) - 21:31, 29 July 2020
single, apparently sessile flower, scape concealed within leaf sheath; petals yellow-green Tillandsia usneoides 2 Stems short, plants densely clustered to form
9 KB (299 words) - 01:00, 30 July 2020
width 2-12 mm (basal), 0.5-3 mm (cauline); margins of basal leaf, measured less than 1 cm from blade base, demarcating considerably more than 90° of arc
9 KB (884 words) - 08:42, 30 July 2020
to spreading or ± prostrate, highly branched, angled or ridged [terete], less than 1 m, becoming woody at least at base, hairy and glandular to almost
10 KB (623 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
distal. Flowers 5-merous; hypanthium (2–) 3–6 (–7) mm diam.; petals pale-yellow to yellow, broadly oblanceolate to oblong or broadly obovate, (1–) 1.5–5 mm,
13 KB (998 words) - 13:55, 30 July 2020
with a slightly shorter costa than usual. Due to somewhat less spreading branch leaves and a less regular branching pattern, the plants do not become spruce
5 KB (553 words) - 07:46, 30 July 2020
297, 298, 306, 386, 398, 399, 492, 655, 656. Plants small to large, green, yellow-green, yellowish, or brownish. Stems sparsely and irregularly branched to
12 KB (706 words) - 07:43, 30 July 2020
circumferential rows from rim; sepals 5, spreading, ± ovate, 1–3 mm; petals 5, yellow, obovate to ± oval; stamens 5–15, shorter than petals; carpels 2, rarely
14 KB (902 words) - 14:13, 30 July 2020
40m (usually much shorter in North America); trunk to 0.6m diam. (usually less in North America), straight or contorted, erect or leaning; crown broad-conic
8 KB (555 words) - 00:33, 30 July 2020
scapelike, 0.1–0.2 m, less than 2.5 cm diam. Flowers pendent; perianth broadly campanulate; tepals distinct, yellow or greenish yellow, usually tinged purple
8 KB (568 words) - 06:12, 30 July 2020
3–10-lobed. Flowers: sepals 7–20 mm; petals usually orange, rarely yellow, proximally, yellow distally, usually elliptic to ovate, rarely obovate, 21–42 × 8–17
7 KB (630 words) - 18:19, 29 July 2020
concealing capsule, margins entire. Flowers: sepals 3–8 mm; petals yellow to orange proximally, yellow distally, (7–) 8–18 mm, apex rounded or acute apex; stamens
6 KB (595 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
rarely entire. Flowers: sepals 1–4 mm; petals orange proximally, pale-yellow to yellow distally, 2–8 (–10) mm, apex retuse; stamens 20–40, 1.5–5 mm, filaments
8 KB (699 words) - 18:18, 29 July 2020
brown, rough. Buds lance-cylindric, pale redbrown, 1–1.2 (–2) cm, mostly less than 1cm broad, slightly resinous; scale margins white-fringed, apex acuminate
8 KB (585 words) - 00:27, 30 July 2020
lanceolate-ovate. Pedicels winged, 2–4 mm, glabrous. Flowers bright-yellow, becoming pale-yellow to green on drying, 4.5–6.4 mm; sepals decurrent on pedicel,
8 KB (618 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
Volume 28. Treatment on page 278. Mentioned on page 271. Plants soft, pale yellow-green, light-brown with age. Stems to 1.5 (–3) cm, somewhat denuded basally
8 KB (736 words) - 07:42, 30 July 2020
elliptic-linear, rarely linear-oblanceolate, mostly broadest toward middle, less than 1.5 cm wide, margins revolute, apex acute to obtuse, rarely notched
4 KB (636 words) - 08:45, 30 July 2020
sometimes entire, apex acute. Pedicels (fruiting) 0.6–4 × less than 1 mm. Flowers: petals creamy yellow to orange, 6.5–13 × 3.5–7 mm, apex cuspidate, hairy on
5 KB (526 words) - 18:20, 29 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Stems short-creeping; scales bronzy deep yellow, concolored, margins entire. Leaves arching to stiffly erect, often densely
6 KB (429 words) - 00:27, 30 July 2020
Inflorescences 1–3-flowered. Flowers: tepals ± white, often pinkish, usually pale-yellow at base, lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 25–45 mm, inner with or without
5 KB (524 words) - 05:40, 30 July 2020
elliptic to ovate-orbiculate, 4–12 × 2.5–7.5 cm. Flowers (1–) 2–4; sepals dull yellow, marked and suffused often intensely with reddish-brown or dark purple;
5 KB (507 words) - 05:19, 30 July 2020
inner lanceolate (midveins often purple, thickened). Florets 5–100; corollas yellow or orange, equaling or surpassing phyllaries by 1–3 mm. Cypselae truncate-fusiform
6 KB (596 words) - 20:24, 29 July 2020
or capsule. Flowers: petals white to pale-yellow, obovate, 10–30 (–50) mm, apex mucronate; stamens 7–17 mm, less than 1/2 petal length, all fertile, none
6 KB (589 words) - 18:32, 29 July 2020
green, broadly lanceolate, 1–2.5 cm, glabrous, apex acuminate; petals pale-yellow, obovate, 2–4.5 cm, adaxial surface moderately hairy from gland to apex
5 KB (498 words) - 05:34, 30 July 2020
corolla laminae 30–55, 4–7 mm, adaxial faces orange to yellow (outer unmarked or with smaller or less distinct marks, inner marked basally with purple-brown
5 KB (449 words) - 20:04, 29 July 2020
inclined ± 180°, brown to stramineous, short-pyriform to urceolate, neck less than 1/3 urn length; exothecial cells isodiametric, walls sinuate; stomata
7 KB (535 words) - 07:39, 30 July 2020
20–50 × 1–4.5 cm, flexible, glaucous, margins denticulate or sometimes wavy, yellow. Inflorescences paniculate, often distally racemose, arising beyond rosettes
6 KB (554 words) - 06:11, 30 July 2020
receptacle not prominent; petals 8-15, white; stamens 20-40, yellow, connective appendage projecting less than 0.2 mm beyond anther; filaments widest above middle
6 KB (570 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
middle, 25–60 × 1–2 (–2.5) cm, rigid, slightly glaucous, margins denticulate, yellow or reddish-brown, hyaline. Inflorescences narrowly paniculate, arising beyond
6 KB (518 words) - 06:11, 30 July 2020
inner lanceolate (midveins often purple, thickened). Florets 5–120; corollas yellow or white, equaling or surpassing phyllaries by 1–3 mm. Cypselae columnar
6 KB (568 words) - 20:24, 29 July 2020
ape× acute to acuminate; corolla blue, banner white to pale lilac, base yellow with small maroon spots, wings and keel bluish, 8–15 mm, keel sparsely glandular;
6 KB (500 words) - 19:04, 29 July 2020
scattered or gregarious in usually sparse protonemata, yellow-green to orangebrown. Stems less than 0.2 mm. Leaves erect or spreading, broadly ovatelanceolate
5 KB (468 words) - 07:15, 30 July 2020
Torrey Bot. Club 40: 414. 1913. Jeffery J. Morawetz Common names: Combleaf yellow false foxglove Endemic Basionym: Gerardia pedicularia var. pectinata Nuttall
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surface mostly densely prickly on midrib and main veins, adaxial surface less so; proximal lobed 4/5 distance to midrib; distal not clasping. Inflorescences:
5 KB (410 words) - 08:22, 30 July 2020
not prominent; petals 8-27, pale violet to nearly white; stamens 55-145, yellow, connective appendage projecting to 1 mm, rarely more, beyond anther; filaments
6 KB (438 words) - 08:37, 30 July 2020
prominent; petals 16-20, white; stamens ca. 75, yellow, outer with connective appendage projecting less than 2 mm beyond anther; filaments widest below
6 KB (452 words) - 08:23, 30 July 2020
cross-section, about as wide as length of scalelike leaves. Leaves light yellow-green, abaxial glands inconspicuous and embedded, exudate absent, margins
6 KB (496 words) - 00:22, 30 July 2020
toward tips, oblong-lanceolate, (1.1-) 1.4-3 cm, margins not expanded or less than 1 mm wide, thin, not crispate, tomentose, tips obtuse, spreading to
5 KB (475 words) - 08:39, 30 July 2020
populations, most plants 1-leaved and vegetative; tepals white to cream with yellow base, broadly lanceolate to elliptic, 16–40 mm, inner with small auricles
6 KB (523 words) - 05:40, 30 July 2020
inner lanceolate (midveins often purple, thickened). Florets 5–100; corollas yellow or orange, equaling or surpassing phyllaries by 1–2 mm. Cypselae columnar
6 KB (547 words) - 20:24, 29 July 2020
if lobed, (1.5–) 2–5 (–6) × 0.1–2.5 cm, entire to 3-lobed, lobes filiform (less than 1 mm wide), apices acute, glabrous or sparsely hairy. Heads (mostly
6 KB (588 words) - 20:46, 29 July 2020
25–60 × 1.2–1.7 cm, glaucous, smooth, margins minutely denticulate, lemon yellow, hyaline, apex spinose, spine-tipped. Inflorescences paniculate, arising
7 KB (520 words) - 06:11, 30 July 2020
cm. Stems dark red to reddish-brown when old; micronemata present. Leaves yellow-green or dark green, somewhat contorted when dry, broadly obovate, elliptic
7 KB (489 words) - 07:42, 30 July 2020
buds with apical free tips less than 1 mm; floral-tube orangebrown inside, 3–5.5 mm; petals usually white, very rarely pale-yellow, sometimes purple-dotted
4 KB (623 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
ciliate and more or less puberulent. D. M. Fabijan et al. (1987) stated that margins were always entire and ciliate and more or less pubescent throughout
9 KB (744 words) - 11:16, 30 July 2020
pungensis the culms are usually less than 90 cm tall, the leaves less than 15 cm long, and the sessile spikelets less than 4.2 mm long. Andropogon liebmannii
6 KB (956 words) - 04:26, 30 July 2020
Winter buds yellowbrown, usually densely stiffly hairy, resinous (resin yellow); terminal buds (4–) 7–11 (–14) mm; flowering buds separated on branchlets
12 KB (872 words) - 11:57, 30 July 2020
obtuse, apiculate; petals overlapping or not, spreading, cream-white to pale-yellow (red-tinged in var. crumiana), narrowly to broadly obovate, 4–12 × 3–11
10 KB (761 words) - 14:10, 30 July 2020
1 Perianth bright yellow or orangish yellow, less than 4 cm; stigma borne near top of stamens; leaf blade not
7 KB (422 words) - 05:55, 30 July 2020
length of petioles, elliptic to oblanceolate. > 2 1 Petiole scales 1 cm or less; blades 1-1.5 times length of petioles, elliptic to lanceolate. > 3 2 Pinnules
7 KB (503 words) - 00:27, 30 July 2020
298, 301. Shrubs or subshrubs, compact to spreading or rounded and more or less erect, occasionally decumbent, infrequently scapose, (1–) 2–15 × 2–25 (–30)
13 KB (1,216 words) - 10:36, 30 July 2020
occasionally small, loosely or densely caespitose or forming extensive mats, yellow or olive green, rarely dark green in the uppermost part, brown to blackish
13 KB (1,086 words) - 06:52, 30 July 2020
oblong-ovate, rarely oblong-lanceolate, 3–10 (–14) × 1–4 (–5) cm, normally less than 2.5 times as long as wide, base sagittate (with acute or subacute lobes
11 KB (1,237 words) - 10:05, 30 July 2020
glaucous to strongly white-glaucous) > 11 10 Leaf blades green, greenish yellow, or greenish gray, not gray-glaucous > 14 11 Fruits globose, stones connate
41 KB (2,034 words) - 13:11, 30 July 2020
usually ± 8 or ± 13, sometimes ± 21; corolla laminae 10–15 (–20) mm (mostly yellow, sometimes ochroleucous). Cypselae hairy. 2n = 40. Generated Map Legacy
6 KB (565 words) - 21:13, 29 July 2020
8–1 mm; filaments distinct or connate less than 1/2 their lengths, glabrous; anthers yellow or purple turning yellow, (ellipsoid), 0.5–0.7 mm. Pistillate
12 KB (937 words) - 12:01, 30 July 2020
Mentioned on page 500, 502, 503, 505, 506, 509, 511. Plants dull, green, yellow-green or yellowbrown distally, brown proximally, becoming reddish at higher
14 KB (1,028 words) - 07:02, 30 July 2020
usually aborting). Fruits pomes, usually orange or red, rarely brown or yellow [green, white, or pink], globose to ovoid, obovoid, ellipsoid, or oblong
21 KB (1,208 words) - 14:28, 30 July 2020
nectary disc slightly raised on ovary apex, yellow, 1.5–2.5 mm diam., lobed, ringed with villous hairs; style yellow, 4.7–6.7 (–8) mm, glabrous or sparsely
13 KB (1,089 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
straight, pale-yellow or maroon, 1.1–1.5 cm, bearing filaments throughout, free portion of filaments not secund, 1.5–2.5 mm; pollen yellow to orange-red;
10 KB (669 words) - 11:27, 30 July 2020
wahlenbergii, except it is of a relatively clear yellow, whereas O. wahlenbergii is a sooty, fuscous yellow. One useful character with which to distinguish
7 KB (855 words) - 06:59, 30 July 2020
Stem-leaves lingulate-triangular to triangular-lingulate, equal to or less than 1.2 mm, more or less spreading; apex obtuse; hyaline cells mostly fibrillose and
7 KB (756 words) - 06:51, 30 July 2020
cells with flat end walls or with weak funnel-like projections extending less than halfway into the next cell; branches not clavate or if clavate, with
12 KB (538 words) - 07:01, 30 July 2020
1 Petals yellow, orange, or reddish or pinkish orange > 2 1 Petals white, pink, or purplish (sometimes tinged pale yellow in P. sediformis) >
14 KB (868 words) - 09:46, 30 July 2020
acute; petals white or pale-yellow, oblanceolate to narrowly spatulate, 1.5–2.5 mm; stamens 5, filaments 0.5–1.1 mm, anthers yellow, sometimes with reddish
9 KB (746 words) - 14:03, 30 July 2020
Heads (erect in fruit) in corymbiform or paniculiform arrays; corollas pale yellow-green, often purple-tinged, 6–7.2 mm; pappi of 38–46 purple-tinged bristles
17 KB (617 words) - 22:47, 29 July 2020
scabrous only beyond midlength; awns 8-24 mm; anthers 1, 0.6-1.4 (1.7) mm, yellow or purple. Pedicellate spikelets vestigial or absent. 2n = 20. Generated
7 KB (880 words) - 04:26, 30 July 2020
usually greatly exceeding tubercle; stamens usually 3; anthers brown to yellow, 0.3–0.6 mm; styles usually 3-fid and 2-fid in same spikelet. Achenes 0
8 KB (871 words) - 01:30, 30 July 2020
Corollas 18–29 mm; beak adaxially pink or purple; abaxial lip proximally white, yellow, or purple, often with purple spot in each crease, pouches widened gradually
6 KB (730 words) - 18:52, 29 July 2020
scarious, narrow to broad. Perigynia becoming divergent or slightly deflexed, yellow, olive, or at maturity chestnut-brown, obscurely to evidently 17–20-striate
8 KB (870 words) - 01:51, 30 July 2020
Floating leaves: petioles continuous in color to apex, 3–4.5 cm; blade yellow-green to dark green, elliptic to ovate, 3.5–4 cm × 16–20 mm, base rounded
9 KB (699 words) - 00:53, 30 July 2020
strongly weeping (moving in slight wind). Stems: plants seldom flowering at less than 1 m; twigs: new growth white-canescent, 1-year old purple-brown, older
9 KB (990 words) - 13:46, 30 July 2020
Treatment on page 191. Mentioned on page 184, 185, 189. Bulbs branching less often and less regularly than subsp. pardalinum, 1.4–3.6 × 4.6–12.8 cm, 0.2–0.5 times
8 KB (967 words) - 05:44, 30 July 2020
usually less than 2 times heads). Involucres globose or ovoid, 6–8 mm. Phyllaries ± hirsute and thick-stalked-glandular as well, glands golden yellow, apices
6 KB (577 words) - 23:44, 29 July 2020
distal. Flowers 5-merous; hypanthium (3–) 3.5–6 (–8) mm diam.; petals bright-yellow, ± obcordate, (3–) 4–10 (–12) mm, usually longer than sepals, apex retuse;
18 KB (1,044 words) - 13:56, 30 July 2020
or purple; styles (3–) 5. Pomes orange-red, bright or deep red, or bright-yellow, usually suborbicular, 8–15 (–25) mm diam., hairy (at least base and apex);
16 KB (1,227 words) - 14:40, 30 July 2020
hirtellous; petals yellow, obpyramidal,7–24 × 4–13 mm, apex mucronate or emarginate, upcurved; stamens 10 (or 12), in 2 unequal series, bright-yellow, filaments
13 KB (1,003 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
plumose > 2 1 Styles 0.2-1 mm; inflorescences lax spikes or panicles, units less than 10 mm diam > 3 2 Inflorescences cylindric or ovoid spikes; tepals silvery
6 KB (285 words) - 09:40, 30 July 2020
1 Blades yellow-green or pale green, mostly 2-pinnate-pinnatifid, leaves usually less than 1 m. Dennstaedtia punctilobula 1
5 KB (273 words) - 00:34, 30 July 2020
filaments distinct or connate less than 1/2 their lengths, glabrous or hairy on proximal 1/2; anthers yellow or purple turning yellow, ellipsoid or shortly cylindrical
13 KB (1,163 words) - 12:02, 30 July 2020
266, 270, 273, 305, 455, 575, 645, 653, 654, 655. Plants small to large, yellow-green, green, dark green, or blackish. Stems unbranched or irregularly branched;
17 KB (800 words) - 07:42, 30 July 2020
moderate-sized, fairly stiff-stemmed; green, brownish green, pale-yellow, golden yellow, yellow and brown; capitulum hemispherical and not 5-radiate to somewhat
8 KB (770 words) - 06:52, 30 July 2020
than distal. Flowers 5-merous; hypanthium 2.5–6 mm diam.; petals pale-yellow or yellow, usually ± obcordate, (2–) 3–7 mm, equal to or distinctly longer than
16 KB (1,082 words) - 14:02, 30 July 2020
(–12) µm. Inner perichaetial leaves ovatelanceolate, usually pilose. Seta yellow to brown, 2–3.5 mm. Capsule brown, dull to glistening, ovoid, obloid to
15 KB (1,371 words) - 06:51, 30 July 2020
persistent; sepals persistent, ascending to slightly reflexed. Seeds 1 (–5), shiny yellow, carunculate. x = 9. North America, n Mexico, ne Asia, in Europe Species
11 KB (607 words) - 14:17, 30 July 2020
often conspicuously falcate, giving capitulum a twisted appearance; green to yellow, often tinged with red, redbrown or brown in capitula. Stems green; superficial
8 KB (763 words) - 06:51, 30 July 2020
(outer shorter than or equal to inner, often less than 3 times as long as wide), bases outer indurate less than 1/2 (some foliaceous), inner scarious, margins
11 KB (834 words) - 15:28, 15 December 2020
Treatment on page 605. Mentioned on page 603. Stems pinkish red, pale pink-yellow, or pink-white, 15–70 cm; sheathing bracts 3–5. Flowers cleistogamous or
6 KB (685 words) - 05:29, 30 July 2020
sheath to 2cm, shed early, base persistent. Pollen cones ovoid, 20–30mm, yellow. Seed-cones maturing in 3 years, shedding seeds soon thereafter, persisting
9 KB (612 words) - 00:23, 30 July 2020
green with central light green stripe, mottling becoming obscure with age but less so than in most species, elliptic-ovate, rarely ± orbicular, 6.7–12 × 3.8–6
9 KB (738 words) - 05:30, 30 July 2020
oblong, 0.3–0.8 mm; filaments distinct or connate less than 1/2 their lengths; anthers purple turning yellow, 0.4–0.6 mm. Pistillate flowers: adaxial nectary
10 KB (920 words) - 12:03, 30 July 2020
filaments distinct or connate less than 1/2 their lengths, glabrous or hairy on proximal 1/2 or basally; anthers yellow, ellipsoid, shortly cylindrical
10 KB (771 words) - 12:03, 30 July 2020
oblong, 0.6–1 mm; filaments distinct or connate less than 1/2 their lengths; anthers purple turning yellow, ellipsoid, long-cylindrical, or globose, 0.4–0
11 KB (1,058 words) - 12:03, 30 July 2020
ovate, 0.5–1.2 mm; filaments distinct or connate less than 1/2 their lengths; anthers purple turning yellow, ellipsoid or shortly cylindrical, 0.4–0.7 mm
12 KB (906 words) - 12:03, 30 July 2020
Plants moderate-sized to robust; upright, prostrate, or aquatic; green, pale-yellow, golden brown, dark-brown, tinged with red in exposed sites and purplish
9 KB (867 words) - 07:01, 30 July 2020
glabrous or slightly scabrous; nodes usually not exposed. Sheaths closed for less than 1/3 their length, glabrous or scabrous, persistent, not shredding into
9 KB (1,115 words) - 03:08, 30 July 2020
recurved 3/5 along length from base, lower less recurved than upper and forming landing platform, bright-yellow with sparse, usually minute maroon spots
9 KB (914 words) - 05:44, 30 July 2020
stem (occasionally most of stem), usually reddish-brown or red (greenish yellow when mature), usually rather dense, interrupted in proximal part, broadly
10 KB (1,013 words) - 10:07, 30 July 2020
veins excurrent for less than 1 mm; rachilla segments subtending second florets with a distal tuft of hairs; anthers 1.7-2.9 mm, yellow or purple; upper florets
9 KB (1,008 words) - 04:47, 30 July 2020
(foliaceous part often wider than base), inner usually narrowly foliaceous 1/3 or less, sometimes green parts lanceolate apically along midnerves or none. Ray-florets
10 KB (732 words) - 22:19, 29 July 2020
spines. Roots diffuse or short taproots also present, largest roots basally less than 1/5 of stem diam. Stems cylindric, 5–27+ × 4.5–9 cm; tubercles 10–14
11 KB (1,195 words) - 09:25, 30 July 2020
segment 2–20 (–26) mm, usually parallel and all in 1 plane, forming angles less than 45° with central axis; emersed leaves pectinate to pinnatifid proximally
13 KB (1,164 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
5, linear-subulate, unequal to subequal, 3.5–7 × 0.4–0.8 mm; petals 5, yellow, obovate to elliptic-lanceolate, (5–) 6–10 mm; stamens deciduous, 50–80
7 KB (461 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
9; pistillate flowers nearly sessile, styles 7–8. Fruits bright green to yellow-green or red, 1.5–2.5 cm diam., dehiscing in 5–8 valves; beak 4–7 mm. Phenology:
6 KB (592 words) - 00:54, 30 July 2020
Phyllaries yellowish, 4–8 × 2–4 mm. Ray-florets 0. Disc-florets 20–40; corollas yellow, 2.5–3.5 mm, tubes 1.5–2 mm, throats campanulate, 0.8–1.5 mm, lengths 1–1
5 KB (498 words) - 23:47, 29 July 2020
bractlets, lengths less than 1/2 phyllaries. Involucres obconic to campanulate, 3.5–4 mm. Phyllaries 9–15, margins of outer free less than 1/3 their lengths
6 KB (586 words) - 23:33, 29 July 2020
bractlets, lengths less than 1/2 phyllaries. Involucres obconic to campanulate, 5–6.5 mm. Phyllaries 8–16, margins of outer distinct less than 1/2 their lengths
5 KB (544 words) - 23:35, 29 July 2020
pendent, to 7 cm; perianth globose; tepals spreading, connate basally for less than 1 mm, creamy white tinged with green or purple near base, lanceolate
7 KB (524 words) - 06:11, 30 July 2020
characteristics. In particular, lips are commonly creamy, ivory, or yellow; often lips are yellow when the flower first opens and fade to white over the period
10 KB (1,221 words) - 05:19, 30 July 2020
pyramidal, paniculiform arrays, branches divaricate or branches 10 cm or less ascending, often arched and secund, sometimes racemiform. Peduncles 5–30
14 KB (1,010 words) - 21:05, 29 July 2020
nonflower-producing portions of stems, acicular to short and stout, usually less than 3 cm; central spines (0–) 1 (–3) per areole, usually pointing toward
15 KB (1,401 words) - 09:21, 30 July 2020
not cordlike, short-creeping (leaf bases less than 0.5 cm apart) or if long-creeping, leaf bases generally less than 1 cm apart. > 2 2 Rachises, costae
13 KB (711 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
awns of lemmas, if present, not flanked by membranous lobes or the lobes less than 0.3 mm long. > 5 7 Upper glumes with hairs, at least over the midveins
16 KB (1,065 words) - 04:46, 30 July 2020
hydropoten (aggregates of transfer cells) sometimes present as scattered yellow, red, or brown splotches. Turions present or absent, lateral and/or terminal
19 KB (1,182 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
dentate, or crenulate, apex acute. Pedicels (fruiting) 1–5 × less than 1 mm. Flowers: petals yellow to orange, 6.5–17 × 4–9.5 mm, apex cuspidate, hairy on apex
6 KB (646 words) - 18:35, 29 July 2020
obtuse, mucronate, faces moderately to densely long-woolly (proximalmost less so), stipitate-glandular. Heads 10–60 (1–5 per branch) in lax to compact
7 KB (662 words) - 21:52, 29 July 2020
page 548. Mentioned on page 533. Plants medium-sized, not in tufts, pale yellow-green to golden green. Stems 2–10 cm, yellowish to pale green, creeping
7 KB (681 words) - 07:52, 30 July 2020
nectary oblong or square, 0.3–0.9 mm; filaments connate less or more than 1/2 their lengths; anthers yellow, 0.5–0.7 mm. Pistillate flowers: adaxial nectary oblong
9 KB (668 words) - 12:03, 30 July 2020
margins usually entire, rarely 2-lobed. Flowers: sepals (7–) 9–16 mm; petals yellow, 12–25 mm, apex acute or mucronate; stamens 20+, 3–10 mm, filaments monomorphic
7 KB (624 words) - 18:27, 29 July 2020
(0.4–) 0.6–2 cm, white-tomentose and grayish on both surfaces, or slightly less so adaxially. Inflorescences cymose, diffuse, spreading, 5–25 × 5–20 cm;
7 KB (828 words) - 10:50, 30 July 2020
elliptic, 1–2 (–2.5) × 0.5–1.5 cm, thinly tomentose to floccose abaxially, less so to thinly floccose or glabrous and green adaxially, margins plane. Inflorescences
6 KB (1,006 words) - 10:42, 30 July 2020
usually curved outward, tapering to a fine-point. Spikes 1.5-6 cm, more or less included in the upper sheaths at maturity, congested throughout; internodes
5 KB (781 words) - 04:50, 30 July 2020
dentate-serrate, apex broadly acute to rounded, surfaces densely tomentose abaxially, less so adaxially, inconspicuous nectary abaxially on midvein near base. Inflorescences
9 KB (596 words) - 11:27, 30 July 2020
and compact, capitulum usually hemispherical; green, grayish white, pale-yellow, purplish red, may have a slight metallic luster when dry. Stems pale green
7 KB (728 words) - 07:15, 30 July 2020
to ovate, 1–2.5 (–3) × 0.5–1.5 (–1.8) cm, white to gray-lanate abaxially, less so to floccose or glabrous and green adaxially, margins plane. Inflorescences
5 KB (958 words) - 10:41, 30 July 2020
open, occasionally compact tufts, olivaceous or brownish, sometimes with yellow or orange tones. Stems 1–3.5 (–5) cm, central strand distinct. Leaves erect
7 KB (703 words) - 06:48, 30 July 2020
sparsely puberulent to strigose on some floral structures, hairs whitish, most less than 0.1 mm. Leaves: petiole channeled, 2–14 × 1–2 mm, glabrous; blade drying
9 KB (571 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
tapered, smooth, yellowish or hyaline awn 1/5–1/2 the length of the leaf, yellow or red, rounded and smooth on abaxial surface; basal-cells rather abruptly
7 KB (885 words) - 07:12, 30 July 2020
1–5 cm; petiole 2–13 cm; blade reniform, 1–4 × 1–5 cm, length equal to or less than width, apex obtuse. Inflorescences spicate, 2–8-flowered, elongating
7 KB (505 words) - 06:12, 30 July 2020
capsule, margins entire. Flowers: sepals 2–3 mm; petals orange proximally, yellow distally, 2–4 mm, apex retuse or rounded; stamens 10–30, 2–3 mm, filaments
7 KB (708 words) - 18:27, 29 July 2020
internodes, or emersed and procumbent. Flowering-stems 1–4 cm, distal internode less than 1 cm. Sessile leaves alternate; blade linear to oblanceolate, thin,
8 KB (575 words) - 05:18, 30 July 2020
series, squarrose, oblong to oblanceolate, unequal, bases of outer indurate less than 1/3, margins entire, green zones oblong-linear to oblanceolate, apices
9 KB (715 words) - 21:09, 29 July 2020
Torrey Bot. Club 40: 412. 1913. Jeffery J. Morawetz Common names: Fernleaf yellow false foxglove Endemic Basionym: Gerardia pedicularia Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2:
7 KB (618 words) - 19:32, 29 July 2020
(outer at least 3 times longer than wide), bases (outer) indurate 1/2 or less, margins scarious proximally, eciliate or ciliolate, green zones lanceolate
10 KB (737 words) - 21:10, 29 July 2020
arrays (height usually less than 1/5 plants, branches slender, ascending, stipitate-glandular, sweet camphor smelling). Involucres (yellow-green in bud) cylindro-campanulate
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pedicel slender, 6-15 mm or more; sepals lanceolate, ca. 1 mm; petals pale-yellow, spurred petal 7-9 mm, spur incurved, ca. 2 mm, crest high, marginal wing
8 KB (529 words) - 08:33, 30 July 2020
blade (ovate-elliptic to lanceolate, similar to basal, reduced distally and less divided), base tapered, not auriculate or amplexicaul, (margins entire to
8 KB (872 words) - 12:20, 30 July 2020
5–15 (–20) -flowered, not leafy, congested to deeply branched, 1/10–2/3 or less of stem, usually narrow, rarely ± wide, branch angles (5–) 10–20 (–30) °
8 KB (788 words) - 14:10, 30 July 2020
opening near sunrise; floral-tube (1.1–) 1.8–3 mm; sepals 2.6–5.5 mm; petals yellow, sometimes red-dotted near base, (3–) 4–8 mm; episepalous filaments (1.2–)
7 KB (674 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
near sunrise; floral-tube (1.8–) 2–3.8 mm; sepals (1.5–) 3.2–8.5 mm; petals yellow, usually with 1 or 2 red dots basally, (2.5–) 5–10.5 mm; episepalous filaments
6 KB (663 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
oblong, or ovate, 0.3–0.8 mm; filaments connate less to more than 1/2 their lengths; anthers purple turning yellow, ellipsoid, shortly cylindrical, or globose
11 KB (915 words) - 12:03, 30 July 2020
erect, blunt or rounded short-acuminate, tip less than 1/4 length of bud. Flowers: receptacle obconic, less than 2.5 cm broad, cup without spreading free
5 KB (321 words) - 08:37, 30 July 2020
Paleae 12–18 mm. Florets 20–40; corollas pale-pink abaxially, white to yellow adaxially, 15–18 mm. Cypselae 5–6 mm; pappi 4–7 mm. 2n = 18. Phenology:
5 KB (503 words) - 20:29, 29 July 2020
pedicels pubescent. Pomes bright red, sometimes orange-red or deep red, rarely yellow, suborbicular, often tapered at base, 8–14 mm diam., ± tomentose; sepals
12 KB (1,142 words) - 14:40, 30 July 2020
Sporobolus clandestinus 6 Plants without rhizomes. > 7 11 Upper glumes usually less than 2/3 as long as the florets. > 12 12 Lower panicle branches much shorter
22 KB (1,094 words) - 04:32, 30 July 2020
(oblong, carinate, apices obtuse or acute). Ray-florets 0 or 6–9; laminae yellow, 3–5 (× 2–3) mm. Disc-florets 30–40; corollas 4 mm. Cypselae 3–4 mm; pappi
5 KB (586 words) - 23:57, 29 July 2020
2–1 mm; filaments distinct or connate less than 1/2 their lengths, glabrous; anthers yellow or purple turning yellow (ellipsoid or shortly cylindrical),
15 KB (1,489 words) - 12:00, 30 July 2020
abaxially without prickles; internodes of stem without prickles; seeds 1.2 mm or less wide, if 1.2 mm wide, then with smooth testa. > 2 2 Style offset to one side
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3–4 mm in diameter, with inner coronal filaments usually less than 1.5 mm and outer filaments less than 4 mm, whereas in P. suberosa the hypanthium generally
8 KB (694 words) - 11:20, 30 July 2020
distinct or connate less than 1/2 their lengths (or appearing as a single stamen), glabrous or hairy basally; anthers purple or red turning yellow, (ellipsoid
11 KB (796 words) - 12:01, 30 July 2020
branches highly brittle at base, yellow-green, yellowbrown, or gray-brown, (highly glossy), glabrous; branchlets yellow-green, yellowbrown, or redbrown
10 KB (711 words) - 12:07, 30 July 2020
entire, apex rounded; stamens 20, 9–10 mm, anthers yellow before dehiscence; styles 5, basally connate less than 1/2 length, 9–10 mm, slightly longer than
12 KB (890 words) - 14:33, 30 July 2020
short, mostly on inner lobes below junction of blade and claw, white or yellow. Fruits (12-) 16-22 mm, 4-4.5 times longer than wide, usually puberulent
7 KB (641 words) - 08:28, 30 July 2020
205, 206, 231, 263. Plants 3–15 (–20) mm, in dense cushions, dark olive, yellow-green, or dull green to olivaceous. Leaves broadly ovate to obovate, concave
7 KB (581 words) - 06:51, 30 July 2020
mucronate; paleas thinner than the lemmas, 1-2 (5) -veined; anthers (1-5) 6, yellow; styles 2, fused or free to the base, white or brown. Caryopses laterally
9 KB (777 words) - 02:54, 30 July 2020
lobes 0.5–1 mm. Cypselae (stramineous) 2–2.5 mm, 2–6-ridged (ridges golden yellow to redbrown, translucent, clavate), weakly ribbed, faces sparsely strigose
8 KB (636 words) - 21:52, 29 July 2020
exceeding the lemmas by 0-2.5 mm; anthers 0.5-1.2 mm, usually pale to deep yellow or orange, rarely purple. Caryopses 1-1.8 mm. 2n = 14, 28. Generated Map
7 KB (999 words) - 02:43, 30 July 2020
apex acute; lateral branches 3–15. Floral bracts imbricate, erect, red, red-yellow-green, or green, broad (covering all or most of rachis, rachis not visible
8 KB (414 words) - 00:58, 30 July 2020
6-11 mm, cleft 2-4 mm; hairs on entire surface, densest on inner lobes, yellow or white. Fruits 9-20 mm, 3-4.5 times longer than wide, glabrous to puberulent
8 KB (702 words) - 08:22, 30 July 2020
annulus revoluble; operculum long-conic; peristome double, 4: 2:6–8; exostome yellow to light-brown, teeth triangular-acute, trabeculate, pitted basally, coarsely
8 KB (566 words) - 07:40, 30 July 2020
tepals appearing ± keeled; stamens 3–8. Achenes enclosed in perianth, light yellow, light-brown, or greenish brown to dark-brown, ovate to lanceolate, 1.3–2
9 KB (819 words) - 10:09, 30 July 2020
3-winged; inflorescences usually appearing capitate; inner perianth lobes usually less than 2/3 length of outer lobes. Burmannia capitata 1 Flowers distinctly 3-winged;
5 KB (258 words) - 05:18, 30 July 2020
sepals lanceolate, margins eciliate, auricles 1–2 mm; petals deep lemon-yellow adaxially, upper 2, and sometimes lateral 2, brownish purple abaxially,
10 KB (819 words) - 11:18, 30 July 2020
ovate, 1.5–3 mm; petals mostly dark red, sometimes yellowish at base or yellow with apical 1/3 red, elliptic-oblong, 1.5–5 mm, shorter than stamens, in
10 KB (1,068 words) - 13:00, 30 July 2020
light yellow, 0.5–1.2 (–1.5) × 0.3–0.7 mm; ovary 10–42 mm, subglabrous to sparsely mixed strigillose and glandular puberulent; style light yellow or cream
12 KB (930 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
moisture: the drier the conditions, the less pronounced the inflation. Stems produced in the summer tend to be inflated less frequently than those produced in
11 KB (1,152 words) - 10:46, 30 July 2020
with inner tepals and, if so, then paler; anthers bright dark yellow (rarely orange-yellow); stigma lobes 5–13, erect or ascending, white to magenta, 2
14 KB (1,312 words) - 09:25, 30 July 2020
glabrous or hairy, with scattered, yellow, sessile, round glands; blade reniform to orbiculate, 3-lobed, 2 proximal segments less deeply and very unequally lobed
11 KB (712 words) - 12:57, 30 July 2020
leaf blades 8–17(–20) cm. > 10 10 Staminodes yellow-green, sometimes green to brown-red, flabellate, lengths less than widths. Scrophularia lanceolata 10 Staminodes
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suberect; sepals perpendicular to floral axis, yellow, ovate, 25-34 × 14-18 mm, apex obtuse; petals: spurs yellow, straight, ± parallel, 40-56 mm, slender,
5 KB (486 words) - 08:22, 30 July 2020
insertion on receptacle often slightly prominent; petals 12-30, yellow; stamens ca. 50-60, yellow, connective appendage minute or absent; filaments widest below
7 KB (639 words) - 08:21, 30 July 2020
abaxially pale yellow-green, glabrous except for pilose midrib, adaxially dark green, glabrous to pilose, both surfaces densely glandular; glands yellow to orange
10 KB (780 words) - 08:23, 30 July 2020
narrowly obovate to oblanceolate or broadly elliptic, 4–7 cm, equal to or less than 1.5 times as long as wide, base narrowly cuneate, lobes 0 or 5–7 per
10 KB (1,155 words) - 14:39, 30 July 2020
distinctly clawed, apex very narrowly acute, nectar guides above claws yellow to pale-yellow and spotted maroon or magenta, ± equal; sepals not ridged abaxially
11 KB (1,150 words) - 05:42, 30 July 2020
equaling tubercle; stamens 3; anthers dark yellow to orangebrown, 1.3–2.7 mm; styles 2-fid. Achenes not persistent, yellow maturing to yellowbrown or dark-brown
14 KB (1,404 words) - 02:19, 30 July 2020
flowers, antherodes with maroon centers (instead of entirely yellow), distalmost cyme less well developed and usually not producing a flower, and spathes
7 KB (544 words) - 00:54, 30 July 2020
plethora of yellow and orange-fruited forms, particularly from southern Louisiana. Crataegus fera and C. tersa are red-fruited, C. crocina yellow. The fruit
9 KB (1,002 words) - 14:39, 30 July 2020
mm; hairs well dispersed, mostly near margins and base of cleft, white to yellow or blue. Fruits 10-14 (-18) mm, 3.5-4 times longer than wide, pubescent
7 KB (641 words) - 08:24, 30 July 2020
superficial; annulus present; operculum long-conic; exostome teeth orange-yellow to brown, bluntly acute; endostome hyaline to yellowbrown, basal membrane
7 KB (609 words) - 07:39, 30 July 2020
its close relatives in Mexico by having a more flattened and less fleshy lip that is less deeply concave proximal to anthers. Plants have 10–33 flowers
6 KB (596 words) - 05:31, 30 July 2020
linear-acuminate leaves, red-purple abaxial corolla lips, and with less dense and less conspicuous stem pubescence. None. None. window.propertiesFromHig
5 KB (612 words) - 18:54, 29 July 2020
pale gray-green throughout, or proximally pale gray-green, distally red or yellow, proximal linear, distal broader, often oblanceolate to obovate, (0–) 3-lobed;
9 KB (803 words) - 18:53, 29 July 2020
mm. Flowers: calyx 4–7 × 4–7 mm; petals connate 4.5–8 mm, red to apricot-yellow, 9–15 × 1.5–2 mm, apex obtuse to sharply acute, tips outcurved; pistils
8 KB (828 words) - 13:02, 30 July 2020
costa excurrent into a conspicuously tapered, serrate awn 0.1–0.6 mm, red or yellow, sparsely to densely spinulose abaxially; basal-cells abruptly differentiated
6 KB (828 words) - 07:12, 30 July 2020
4–5 (–10) -merous; hypanthium 1.5–5 (–7) mm diam.; petals usually bright-yellow, rarely cream, ± obcordate or obovate to round, (2–) 4–9 (–12) mm, usually
13 KB (967 words) - 13:55, 30 July 2020
laminae mostly oblong. Disc-florets 300–500, bisexual, fertile; corollas yellow [greenish], tubes cylindric (sessile-glandular), throats narrowly campanulate
10 KB (898 words) - 20:53, 29 July 2020
than to equaling achene, rarely all rudimentary; stamens 3; anthers dark yellow to stramineous, 0.8–1.5 mm; styles 3-fid or some 2-fid. Achenes falling
10 KB (812 words) - 01:25, 30 July 2020
below midlength, scabrous distally; awns 6-21 mm; anthers 1 (3), 0.6-1.5 mm, yellow or purple. Pedicellate spikelets vestigial to absent. 2n = 20. Generated
8 KB (952 words) - 04:26, 30 July 2020
7.2–11.3 (–14.6) × 1.5–2.5 mm. Disc-florets (17–) 19–33 (–43); corollas yellow turning purplish red, 3.5–6.1 mm, tubes slightly shorter than funnelform
15 KB (964 words) - 21:04, 29 July 2020
oblong-linear or lanceolate, lateral pair slightly saccate basally; petals yellow, spatulate to broadly obovate, claw differentiated from blade, (apex rounded
10 KB (786 words) - 12:27, 30 July 2020
or weakly twisted, to 740 µm. Spores 9–12 µm. Distal laminal KOH reaction yellow or red-orange. Generated Map Legacy Map North America, Mexico, s South America
10 KB (944 words) - 07:04, 30 July 2020
Habitat: Rocky slopes, outcrops, ravines, upper chaparral, oak woodlands, yellow pine forests Elevation: (50–)150–1800(–2200) m Generated Map Legacy Map
9 KB (986 words) - 14:15, 30 July 2020
28. Treatment on page 26. Mentioned on page 25, 27. Plants light green or yellow-green. Stems 1.5–3.5 cm. Leaves somewhat crowded at stem apices, obovate
5 KB (450 words) - 07:36, 30 July 2020
encircling areole, and less dense subapical tuft obscured by long dense wool, yellow to yellowbrown, 1–6 (–12) mm. Flowers: inner tepals yellow sometimes with
8 KB (808 words) - 09:18, 30 July 2020
ovate, symmetric, 2–3 mm, mouth yellow to yellow-orange; operculum conic, apiculate; peristome reduced; exostome teeth yellow basally, hyaline distally, lamellae
8 KB (731 words) - 07:38, 30 July 2020
stellate-hairy, lobes not prominently veined; corolla tubular, petals pale-yellow or yellow-green, not auriculate, 12–18 mm; staminal column with 5 apical teeth;
6 KB (505 words) - 11:31, 30 July 2020
margins of outer distinct less than 1/5 their lengths, abaxial faces tomentose. Ray-florets 10–15; corollas bright-yellow, becoming greenish, laminae
6 KB (552 words) - 23:33, 29 July 2020
× 0.4–1.1 mm, less than 1.75 times as long as wide, margins entire, glabrous; petals yellow, oblong, 2.5–6.3 × 1–2.5 mm; stamens yellow, 4–10 mm; anthers
6 KB (485 words) - 12:06, 30 July 2020
margins of outer distinct less than 1/4 their lengths, abaxial faces tomentose. Ray-florets 12–13; corollas golden yellow, laminae 6–8 × 3–4 mm. Disc-florets
6 KB (554 words) - 23:34, 29 July 2020
Branches spreading-ascending; 2-year-old branchlets slender (ca. 5mm or less), greenish brown to redbrown, often glaucous, aging redbrown to gray, roughened
7 KB (506 words) - 00:33, 30 July 2020
or with apical free tips less than 1 mm; floral-tube yellow inside, 4–5 mm; petals often with red dots near base, fading yellow to orange, 7–12 mm; anthers
4 KB (684 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
in fruit). Flowers 5-merous; hypanthium 2–7 mm diam.; petals pale to dark yellow, mostly ± obcordate (to orbiculate in P. elegans), (2–) 3–10 (–12) mm, usually
14 KB (899 words) - 13:59, 30 July 2020
with yellow adaxial spot at base, lanceolate, 15–30 mm, auricles absent; stamens 8–15 mm; filaments yellow, lanceolate; anthers yellow; pollen yellow; style
6 KB (578 words) - 05:41, 30 July 2020
inner tepals bright yellow-green, often with maroon midstripes, 9–18 × 2.7–3.8 mm, tips relatively thin and delicate; anthers yellow; nectar chamber 1 mm
7 KB (861 words) - 09:20, 30 July 2020
tepals ovatelanceolate, 18–22 × 6–8 mm; filaments green to yellow; anthers cream to yellow. Fruits indehiscent or irregularly dehiscent, green to tan or
8 KB (859 words) - 09:24, 30 July 2020
1–2 (–3.5) cm, not dendroid; sterile stems to 7 cm. Leaves dark green or yellow-green, contorted when dry, flat when moist, obovate, ± diamond-shaped or
8 KB (677 words) - 07:41, 30 July 2020
leaves ovate, obtuse to rounded. Seta 0.6–0.8 mm. Capsule 0.55–0.85 mm, pale-yellow; annuli a single row of quadrate cells; peristome absent; opercula conic
6 KB (617 words) - 07:00, 30 July 2020
Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants green or yellow-green. Stems with paraphyllia absent; axillary hair distal cells 1–3, linear
5 KB (715 words) - 07:44, 30 July 2020
Involucres 12–22 mm. Phyllaries linear. Ray-florets 20–40. Disc corollas yellow, ca. 5 mm. Cypselae (cuneate to obovate) ca. 5 mm (faces ± villous); pappi
5 KB (619 words) - 23:10, 29 July 2020
narrowly elliptic to spatulate, 2.5–4.5 (–6.5) mm; petals 6, white or light yellow, 2.5–4.5 mm, clawed, adaxial ones trisect, lateral lobes deeply laciniate;
7 KB (525 words) - 12:05, 30 July 2020
medially, pale-pink apically, linear, terete, 10–17 mm. Berries green to pale yellow-green, ovoid, 2–3 × 15–25 mm. Phenology: Flowering Jul–Aug. Habitat: Deserts
7 KB (490 words) - 11:20, 30 July 2020
projections, dense, on abaxial surface only. Indusia ciliate. Spores light yellow. 2n = 82. Habitat: Terrestrial, forest floor, only occasionally on rock
7 KB (649 words) - 00:23, 30 July 2020
the United States, particularly California and New York, for its fruit and less often throughout temperate North America as an ornamental and a curiosity
4 KB (557 words) - 14:34, 30 July 2020
patent. Leaf-blades: abaxial surface prickly on main veins, adaxial surface less prickly to almost unarmed on veins. Inflorescences: buds broadly ellipsoid
5 KB (398 words) - 08:23, 30 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 141. Flowers: petals deep yellow, ovatelanceolate, often fringed with redbrown hairs; anther apex acute.
2 KB (428 words) - 05:38, 30 July 2020
petals purplish, conspicuously fringed, adaxial surface with long dark or yellow hairs, apex rounded; anther apex rounded. Phenology: Flowering late spring–mid
2 KB (452 words) - 05:38, 30 July 2020
Flowers: receptacle obconic, less than 2.5 mm broad, cup without spreading free rim; calyx apiculate, glabrous; petals yellow, sometimes with orange spot
4 KB (305 words) - 08:40, 30 July 2020
Flowers: receptacle turbinate, less than 1.5 mm broad, cup without spreading free rim; calyx acute, pubescent; petals yellow, sometimes with orange spot at
4 KB (286 words) - 08:29, 30 July 2020
sparingly to copiously prickly on and sometimes between veins, adaxial surface less so; proximal lobed 5/6 distance to midrib; distal often clasping. Inflorescences:
5 KB (405 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
base to submedially. Petals yellow, obovate, 8–15 mm. Fruits orange-red, broadly ovoid, 2.5–4 (–7) cm, beak becoming less prominent at maturity, surface
5 KB (381 words) - 11:19, 30 July 2020
inconspicuous, slightly pouched, 1.6–6 mm, less than 50% as long as beak; teeth spreading, yellow or yellow-green, 1–4 mm. Phenology: Flowering Mar–Jun
7 KB (609 words) - 18:52, 29 July 2020
elongate-pyriform, symmetric, 2–4 mm, mouth yellow; operculum conic, apiculate; peristome well developed; exostome teeth yellow basally, hyaline distally, lamellae
8 KB (710 words) - 07:38, 30 July 2020
usually white to yellow-green or green, rarely red (often brighter than distal portion), fading white to bright orange, distally white to yellow or pale orange
8 KB (660 words) - 18:16, 29 July 2020
brown, less than 2 mm. Flowers: inner tepals yellow to orange throughout, 25–50 mm; filaments and anthers yellow; style bright red; stigma lobes yellow. Fruits
8 KB (860 words) - 09:18, 30 July 2020
barbed. Glochids yellow, aging brown, 4–9 mm. Flowers: inner tepals yellow throughout, 20–25 mm; filaments pale green to yellow; anthers yellow; style pale
6 KB (665 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
-veined; upper glumes 9.5-12 mm, 5 (7) -veined; lemmas 12-16 mm, usually more or less uniformly pubescent, sometimes scabrous, 7-veined; awns 8-17 mm, sometimes
6 KB (832 words) - 02:52, 30 July 2020
maturity. > 8 8 Culms smooth or nearly so; leaves green; perigynia brownish yellow, apex distinctly beaked. Carex lachenalii 8 Culms rough distally; leaves
11 KB (598 words) - 01:52, 30 July 2020
Corollas orange, pink, red, or purplish (often drying purplish) > 3 2 Corollas yellow, outermost often each with abaxial purplish stripe (often drying whitish
12 KB (714 words) - 20:21, 29 July 2020
5 (–8) mm, (median pair slightly thickened apically, cucullate); petals (yellow to orange), broadly obovate, 6–11 mm, (narrowing gradually to short claw)
7 KB (732 words) - 11:56, 30 July 2020
tube 2–3 mm, glabrous, lobes deltate, 0.2–0.5 mm; corolla pink, with 2 yellow lines and pink spots pale or absent in abaxial throat, 12–15 (–17) mm, throat
9 KB (655 words) - 19:31, 29 July 2020
enlarged. Seta straight, 0.5–0.7 mm. Capsule occasionally present, immersed, yellow, oblong-ovoid, exothecial cells quadrate, thin-walled, stomata present in
9 KB (978 words) - 06:50, 30 July 2020
obconic, 2–4.5 mm diam.. Phyllary apices flat. Ray-florets 5–23; corollas yellow, 3–6 mm. Disc-florets 7–48 (bisexual and fertile or functionally staminate)
5 KB (605 words) - 21:29, 29 July 2020
and tube 0.5–1.5 × 1.5–5 mm; anthers 5–9 mm; pollen-sacs usually maroon or yellow, sometimes yellowish and speckled maroon, rarely with reddish purple to
9 KB (715 words) - 13:06, 30 July 2020
(rigid, fruits not pendent on arching pedicels). Flowers: sepals (greenish yellow), lanceolate, 6–8.5 mm, (saccate and cucullate); petals spatulate to narrowly
7 KB (828 words) - 11:57, 30 July 2020
perichaetial leaves similar to stem-leaves, the inner broadly sheathing. Seta pale-yellow, to 2.5 cm, erect. Capsule straight and erect or slightly curved, orangebrown
6 KB (534 words) - 07:00, 30 July 2020
4.5–6 (–6.3) mm, apex emarginate, sparsely glandular-hairy. Seeds 6–14, yellow to ochre, globular, cymbiform, 1.3–2.1 × 1–1.6 mm, 0.6–1.1 mm thick, strongly
7 KB (514 words) - 19:24, 29 July 2020
hairs 0.5-2 mm, longer than those below; lodicules 2, truncate; anthers 3, yellow or reddish-purple; stigmas pink to purple. Caryopses dorsiventrally compressed
7 KB (742 words) - 04:35, 30 July 2020
anthers pink to purplish, sometimes cream; styles 3 or 4. Pomes greenish yellow to yellow, sometimes reddish, suborbicular, 8–10 mm diam.; sepals spreading or
8 KB (941 words) - 14:44, 30 July 2020
entire, apex acute to acuminate; stamens included; anthers yellow or purple; pollen yellow; ovary crestless; style linear, equaling stamens; stigma capitate
8 KB (594 words) - 05:51, 30 July 2020
petals marcescent, 1-colored, yellow, drying white or orange, obovate, 3–6 × 2.5–3 mm; stamens as long as style; anthers yellow, ovoid, to 1 mm; ovary ovoid
9 KB (706 words) - 18:15, 29 July 2020
with H. imponens, but H. jutlandicum has yellow rather than red-brown stems and golden yellow rather than pale yellow leaves. The pseudoparaphyllia of H. imponens
7 KB (691 words) - 07:52, 30 July 2020
entire to minutely toothed apically; filaments cream, yellow, green, red-violet, or pink; anthers yellow; styles minutely and sparsely papillate. Fruits dehiscent
10 KB (962 words) - 09:23, 30 July 2020
on page 160. Mentioned on page 157, 161. Plants in dense turfs, green or yellow-green. Stems 0.5–2 (–3) cm, evenly foliate to comose, innovations elongate
8 KB (721 words) - 07:38, 30 July 2020
equaling achene; stamens 3; anthers dark yellow to stramineous, 1.2–2 mm; styles 2-fid. Achenes not persistent, dark yellow or medium or dark-brown, ellipsoid
11 KB (999 words) - 01:21, 30 July 2020
recurved, prominently bifurcate, distal 4–8 mm densely villous, hairs yellow to golden yellow, to 2.5 mm; style 11–15 mm. Capsules 10–14 × 5–7 mm. Seeds 2–3 mm
9 KB (773 words) - 19:08, 29 July 2020
petals yellow, with 1 or 2 red dots basally, 2.5–5.5 mm; episepalous filaments 2–2.8 mm, epipetalous filaments 1–1.7 mm, anthers 0.7–1.2 mm, less than 5%
5 KB (613 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
ciliate; ligules to 2 mm, membranous, ciliate; blades to 20 cm long, usually less than 2 mm wide, filiform, scabrous adaxially. Panicles 1-5 cm long, 1-3 cm
5 KB (723 words) - 04:35, 30 July 2020
spreading, diverging 10°–20° from axis; anthers pale-yellow to yellow, 0.5–1.3 cm; pollen orange or yellow; pistil 2.4–3.7 cm; ovary 1.1–2.2 cm; style green;
9 KB (976 words) - 05:43, 30 July 2020
cells; the branches are radiculose at their bases. The leaves are more or less concave; the cells across the insertion are often dark and relatively short
10 KB (658 words) - 07:52, 30 July 2020
spreading), 3–6-rayed, rays furcate or bifurcate, usually slightly fused at base, less frequently distinct. Stems few to several from base, ascending (in flower)
6 KB (702 words) - 11:58, 30 July 2020
fairly slender to large, in loose or dense patches or tufts, dull green, yellow-green or yellowbrown, often hoary when dry. Stems (1–) 3–10 (–12) cm, sparingly
10 KB (675 words) - 06:52, 30 July 2020
and glabrous distally [glabrous throughout]; sepals 4 or 5, pale green, yellow, or white, sometimes red-tinged, triangular to ovate-triangular, glabrous
12 KB (830 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
(2.2) 3-6 (10) mm, ovate to lanceolate, membranous; anthers 0.2-3.2 mm, yellow to orangish. Fruits 1-2 mm, ellipsoid, laterally flattened, often striate
10 KB (989 words) - 04:32, 30 July 2020
or white, laminae (6–) 10–19 × 0.9–2.1 mm. Disc-florets 28–68; corollas yellow becoming reddish-brown to purple, 4–7.5 mm, tubes shorter than funnelform-campanulate
13 KB (977 words) - 21:08, 29 July 2020
slightly shorter than anthers, slender; anthers ± straight, pale lavender or yellow, 3–8 (–10) mm, thicker than filaments, dehiscence introrse; connectives
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well above level of leaves; sepal apices without tubercles; petals yellow to yellow-orange, with prominent red lines proximally, (13–) 15–20 (–23) mm.
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Mentioned on page 270, 271, 279, 281. Plants soft, yellow-green, sometimes with rusty mottling, or less often yellowbrown, bright green, or blackish green
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paniculiform arrays, branches ascending or arching, secondary branches (10 cm or less) secund and erect, densely leafy, heads crowded, sparsely to moderately pilose
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deltate scale, white to pink, membranaceous, 0.5–1 (–1.2) mm, glabrous; petiole less than 1 mm, glabrous; blade ovate, oblong or orbiculate, 2–7 (–9) × 2–6 mm
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slender and soft, lax to compact, moderately stiff-stemmed; green to pale-yellow to golden brown to brown; capitulum strongly convex in drier grown forms
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or 2; filaments distinct or connate less than 1/2 their lengths, hairy on proximal 1/2; anthers purple turning yellow, ellipsoid or shortly cylindrical,
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hairy; blade ovate to orbiculate, angulate-lobate (maple or grapelike) or less frequently unlobed, 10–22 × 9–23 cm, base deeply and narrowly cordate to
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0.6–1.1 mm; filaments distinct or connate less than 1/2 their lengths, glabrous; anthers purple turning yellow, 0.4–0.8 mm. Pistillate flowers: adaxial
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6–1.1 mm; filaments distinct or connate less than 1/2 their lengths, hairy basally; anthers purple turning yellow, 0.6–1 mm. Pistillate flowers: adaxial
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lanceolate to broadly ovate, lowest node with 3-7 branches; branches more or less scabrous, erect to spreading, usually branched above midlength, spikelet-bearing
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from base, pink, less often white, and if so usually aging pink, usually with copious maroon spots and proximal median longitudinal yellow stripe extending
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5) × 0.15–0.4 (–0.5) cm, grayish to whitish-tomentose on both surfaces or less so and greenish adaxially, margins entire, plane. Inflorescences capitate
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speciesEpilobium luteum Pursh Fl. Amer. Sept. 1: 259. 1813. Peter C. Hoch Common names: Yellow willowherb Treatment appears in FNA Volume 10. Herbs usually with scaly
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branches, clumps 15–60 (–100) cm, either dense or lax. Stems erect, long ovoid, less than 30 × 4.5–11 cm; ribs 10–16; crests slightly undulate; areoles 12–20
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Riddell W. J. Med. Phys. Sci., 10. 1836. Nancy R. Morin Common names: Grooved yellow flax lin à rameaux sillonnés Endemic Synonyms: Cathartolinum sulcatum (Riddell)
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flat to spheroid, 2–4 × 2.5–4 mm, united to middle, smooth to tuberculate or less commonly bicristate, with few large, irregular teeth at summit. Seeds dark-brown
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28. Treatment on page 504. Mentioned on page 503. Plants in dense mats, yellow-green. Stems to 5 cm, irregularly branched, branches complanate-foliate
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spreading, yellow, without basal blotch, plane, 25-35 mm, 1.5 times length of calyx, apex erose or irregularly crenulate; stamens ca. 80; anthers yellow; pistils
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when old; micronemata absent. Leaves reddish, reddish-brown, or sometimes yellow-green or with golden hue, slightly to moderately contorted when dry, orbicular
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distinctive in vegetative and reproductive characters. Plants are slender, light yellow-green, cespitose, with pale brown basal sheaths and proximal sheaths. The
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conspicuously whitened with stomatal bands or if stomatal bands present, these less conspicuous than on adaxial surfaces, often with 2 subepidermal resin bands
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basal membrane less than 1/2 exostome height, segments with ovate perforations, cilia reduced or absent. Spores 16–22 (–24) µm, yellow to green. Phenology:
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2–4 mm, broadly acute; petals yellow, narrowly oblanceolate, 2–3 mm; stamens 5–10, filaments 0.6–1.2 (–1.5) mm, anthers yellow, oblong, 0.8–1 mm; carpels
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floral-tube (15–) 30–60 (–70) mm, funnelform in distal 1/2 or less; sepals 10–25 mm; petals yellow, fading pale-pink or pale-purple, 10–20 mm; filaments 4–12
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sometimes with apical free tips less than 1 mm; floral-tube yellow or orangebrown inside, 2–6.5 mm; petals bright-yellow, sometimes red-dotted in proximal
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sometimes dull purple, often paler or greener than bracts, distal 1/4 or less colored as bract lobes, 12–17 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 3–8 mm, 40%
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sepals 2–3 mm, ± acute; petals yellow, narrowly oblanceolate, 1.5–2 mm; stamens 20, filaments 1–1.5 (–1.8) mm, anthers yellow, subrotund, 0.2–0.3 mm; carpels
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subapical free tips less than 1 mm; floral-tube 1–3 mm, glabrous or villous inside proximally; sepals 3–8 mm; petals usually bright-yellow, rarely cream, fading
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concealing capsule, margins entire. Flowers: sepals 2–6 mm; petals yellow to orange proximally, yellow distally, 3–8 mm, apex rounded or acute apex; stamens 20–40
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colored, proximally pink to deep red-purple or white, distal 1/4 white, yellow, or yellow-orange, 4.5–9 mm. Phenology: Flowering Jan–Jun(–Aug). Habitat: Grasslands
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Sp. 5(fol.): 189; 5(qto.): 244. 1822. Guy L. Nesom Common names: Western yellow wood-sorrel Synonyms: Oxalis californica var. subglabra Wiegand O. corniculata
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and blunt; typically mottled pale yellow-green and purplish red, without metallic sheen when dry. Stems pale yellow-green to pink; superficial cortical
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slightly shorter than phyllaries (see discussion for exception); corollas yellow. 2n = 24. Phenology: Flowering early summer. Habitat: Disturbed sites Elevation:
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288. Mentioned on page 289. Plants medium-sized, golden brown or golden yellow. Stems erect or creeping, ± irregularly branched; paraphyllia absent. Stem-leaves
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connate in pairs, pale-brown or orangebrown. Spores spheric, 8–13 µm, greenish yellow. Phenology: Capsules mature summer. Habitat: Dung in bogs, wet places Elevation:
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with 4-18 flowers. Flowers: bracteoles 2-4 mm; sepals purple, red, brown, yellow, 6-9 × 1-4 mm, laterally revolute; petals 2-3 mm; stamen filaments 1.5-2
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page 124. Mentioned on page 122, 123. Plants in open to dense turfs, green, yellow-green, or golden, often lustrous. Stems 0.5–1 (–2) cm, gemmiform to somewhat
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Leaves persistent, gray-green, mostly basal; proximal blades reduced, mostly less than 1 cm, lobed or entire; distal blades 1–2 × 0.5–0.8 cm, 1–2-ternately
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few-flowered panicles, branches spreading-ascending, occupying to 1/4 or less of total height. Pedicels 0.5–2.9 mm, stout. Flowers: sepals persistent,
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cliffs and among boulders, less common on gravel alluvium of streambeds, associated with bigtooth maple, hornbeam, madrone, and yellow pine woodlands Elevation:
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tips, sometimes with apical free tips less than 1 mm; floral-tube orangebrown inside, 2.5–4 mm; petals pale-yellow, fading reddish or not changing color
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sparsely, papillate-scabrous (hairs triangular or deltate to lanceolate, less than 0.1 mm). Leaves: proximal usually absent at flowering; cauline blades
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scattered, white and/or purple hairs proximal to middle, sometimes with yellow hairs distal to gland, margins dentate distally; glands ± square, not depressed
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lanceolate, 15-30 (-50) × 5-10 (-11.5) cm, 3-5 times as long as wide, sinus less than 1/3 length of midrib, lobes usually divergent and forming V-shaped angle;
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tips, sometimes with apical free tips less than 1 mm; floral-tube orangebrown inside, 3.5–6 mm; petals bright-yellow, sometimes red-dotted in proximal 1/2
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pedicel, ovary, or capsule. Flowers: petals yellow to orange, obovate, 12–31 mm, apex mucronate; stamens 4–12 mm, less than 1/2 petal length, all fertile, none
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lanceolate to ovate, 15-25 × 8-10 cm, ca. 2.5 times as long as wide, sinus less than 1/3 length of midrib, lobes often overlapping; surfaces glabrous. Flowers
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cm, villous, pubescent, or glabrous; blade round-ovate, 3–5-lobed, cleft less than 1/2 to midrib, 2.5–3.5 cm, base shallowly cordate, surfaces sparsely
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narrowly oblanceolate to spatulate, tomentose abaxially, less so adaxially. Flowers 5–9 mm; perianth yellow to ochroleucous, sparsely to densely villous abaxially
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not elongated (subumbellate). Petals usually yellow, rarely white, 6.5–12 (–14) mm, usually 1.5 times or less as long as sepals. 2n = 12, 24, 36, 48, 50
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persisting 5–6 years, 3–7cm × 1–1.5mm, pliant, dark green, abaxial surface with less conspicuous stomatal bands than adaxial surfaces, adaxial surfaces with strong
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646. Mentioned on page 645. Plants erect; trichomes tuberculate throughout, less densely so over the center, (rays often fused at base). Basal leaves: blade
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sometimes solitary, yellow, brown or reddish yellow. Capsule 2–3 mm, arcuate, inclined to horizontal, furrowed when dry, yellow to light-brown; operculum
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sepals and petals reflexed 1/5–1/4 along length from base, yellow (occasionally pale-yellow or yellow-orange) proximally, red-orange or dusky red (occasionally
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or simple and 3-lobed. Inflorescences 3–18-flowered. Pedicels puberulent, less densely hirsute, eglandular. Flowers erect; epicalyx bractlets 0.5–2 mm;
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with proportionately broad leaves and more or less obtuse lobes that are few and shallow. Both red- and yellow-fruited forms are known, as are forms with
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reddish; anthers light yellow; color of style and stigma lobes unknown. Fruits commonly sterile, often proliferating, green, becoming yellow with red blush to
7 KB (763 words) - 09:14, 30 July 2020
but shows less branching than is typical of K. montana, and its flower color is intermediate between the orange of K. biflora and the yellow of K. montana
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is less certain. Many occur in moist sites within native rangeland, but these areas have also been affected by European settlement, although less intensively
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though inflated and distinctly rugose, which in G. dichotomum is less thickened and more or less smooth. None. None. "narrower" is not a number."narrow" is not
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absent. Involucres 3–15 per cluster, 4–5 (–6.5) mm. Flowers 4–5 mm; perianth yellow. 2n = 40. Phenology: Flowering Apr–Aug. Habitat: Sandy to gravelly flats
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Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants green, yellow-green, brownish, brown-red, or rarely clear red in extremely exposed habitats
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ancestors in their larger size and more variable shape, less durable and more varicolored rinds, and less fibrous, nonbitter flesh. Plants of Cucurbita pepo
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tips blunt, callous). Ray-florets 6–17; corollas yellow (laminae 12–17 mm). Disc-florets: corollas yellow; anthers dark purple. Cypselae brown, 4–5 mm, shortly
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Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 335. 1753. Sergei L. Mosyakin Common names: Curly or yellow dock patience crépue rumex crépu reguette WeedyIntroducedIllustrated Synonyms:
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convolute-sheathing. Seta 1.5–2 cm., solitary, yellowish to yellowish-brown or reddish yellow. Capsule 1.2–1.8 mm, nearly straight and erect to slightly arcuate, striate
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These are more or less intermediate between the parents, and the inflorescence is usually 2-flowered. The tepals are white to pale yellow, and the short corona
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cordate-amplexicaul; basal leaf blades: margins 2- or 3-pinnatifid or pinnatisect; petals yellow. Lepidium perfoliatum 2 Plants usually puberulent or hirsute proximally
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elongate botuliform, longest segment 1.8–5.2 (–6) mm, basal segment usually less than or equal to 1/2 central axis of leaf, apex apiculate, with single, brown
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(10–) 13–15 (–20) × 1.3–3 mm. Disc-florets (40–) 52–80+; corollas light yellow turning brown, 5.8–6.6 mm, ± ampliate, tubes (1.7–2.2 mm) shorter than narrowly
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tuft of white hairs). Ray-florets 8–20; corollas yellow. Disc-florets: corollas yellow; anthers yellow. Cypselae gray to brown, 3–8 mm, subglabrous to sparsely
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obconic, 0.8–1 × 0.6–0.8 mm, sparsely villous to pilose; glands 4, green to yellow-green (turning pink with age), usually ± unequal, narrowly oblong, 0.1–0
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± longer than distal. Flowers 5-merous; hypanthium 2–5 mm diam.; petals yellow, obovate to cuneate-obcordate, (2–) 2.5–7 (–8) mm, slightly shorter to ±
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slightly shorter than to exceeding the lemmas, bifid; anthers 3, 3-5 mm, yellow. Caryopses usually falling with the lemmas and paleas attached, x = 7. Haplome
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stems twining counter-clockwise, staminate flowers aggregated into more or less sessile cymes and with six fertile stamens, tepals united only at the base
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pale green, yellow-green to occasionally strongly reddish; growing in loose mats. Stems pale-brown to green. Stem-leaves very small, less than 0.8 mm,
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white, 5–7 mm wide, 3–5 (–7) -lobed; lobes linear to narrowly spatulate, less than 2 × 1–2 mm. Calyces 17.5–23 mm; abaxial clefts 4–6 mm, adaxial 9–16
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sparsely canescent. Florets: pistillate 6–10; bisexual 18–25; corollas pale-yellow, 0.8–1.2 mm, glabrous. Cypselae ellipsoid, 0.5–1.5 mm, resinous (pappi coroniform)
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rosettes; blade elliptic, 0.5–2.5 × 0.3–1 cm, thinly floccose abaxially, less so to thinly floccose or glabrous and green adaxially, with some blades glabrous
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anthers 1.6–3 mm, apiculations absent or less than 0.1 mm, thecae creamy yellow to golden yellow, tubules yellow to yellowish-brown, 0.1–0.3 mm, scarcely
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to yellow or bright orange, fading white to orange, broadly obovate, 10–34 × 7–22 mm; stamens as long as style; anthers red, orange, rarely yellow (same
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spots, flesh yellow to light or bright orange to greenish, lightly to very sweet. Seeds whitish to cream or light-brown with golden-yellow to silvery margins
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pubescent; petals elliptic or ± circular; anthers cream; styles 3. Pomes yellow to copper-orange or reddish orange, suborbicular, 8 mm diam., pubescent
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Flora of North America Association Plants small to large, golden green, yellow-green, or pale green. Stems 1–5 cm, reddish-brown to yellowish green, brown
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Plants medium-sized, in dense tufts, green when young, very rapidly becoming yellow-green and often rich golden and orangish. Stems to 6 cm, creeping, terete
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obscure, apices acute, faces glabrous. Florets 25–60; corollas orange or yellow-orange, 15–25 mm. Cypselae reddish-brown, columnar, 2–2.5 mm, 12–15-ribbed;
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early and completely. Pollen cones broadly ellipsoid, ca. 10–15mm, brown or yellow. Seed-cones maturing in 3 years, shedding seeds soon thereafter but long-persistent
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9–25 (–45) × 4–20 (–25) mm, margin entire, apex obtuse. Staminate flowers yellow, in clusters 2–4 mm wide or in spikes to 1 cm, axillary, in foliose-bracteate
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absent. Cauline stems slightly compressed, without spots, 35–90 cm; glands yellow-green to gold, 0.2–1 mm diam. Turions terminal, abundant, 3.5–7.8 cm × 2
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hermaphroditica 3 Mericarps brown or gray-brown, wings 0.05–0.1 mm wide, width less than mericarp body. Callitriche stenoptera 1 Leaves connate at bases; leaf
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adaxial tuft, yellow to tan, aging gray, 1–2 mm. Flowers: inner tepals rose to red-purple, bronze-purple, or yellow, sometimes pale greenish yellow or whitish
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or occasionally minutely glandular, pustulose in some; perianth yellow to pale-yellow or, rarely, cream; tepals connate proximal 1/4–1/3, monomorphic,
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erect, blunt, ± rigid. Florets: corollas white to pinkish, cream, or pale-yellow, 4.5–6.5 mm (inner); peripheral corollas spreading, zygomorphic, enlarged
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resemble T. mertensiana, e.g., leaves are less strictly 2-ranked and stomatal bands on the abaxial leaf surfaces are less conspicuous than at lower elevations
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robust and coarse, loosely tufted or forming intricate patches, yellow, green, yellow, grayish or olive green distally, brown to blackish brown proximally
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2 per perichaetium, yellow to reddish-brown. Capsule 2–3.8 mm, arcuate, inclined to horizontal, smooth to striate when dry, yellow to dark reddish-brown;
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1 Trophophore blade green to pale yellow-green, broad, coarse, succulent; middle and terminal segments usually more than 2 mm wide exclusive of lobes.
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with glassy yellow hairs between the 2 inner lateral-veins, these more common on the upper spikelets; upper lemmas 2.5-4 mm, glabrous, yellow, tan, or gray
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rachises with 21-40 fascicles per cm. > 8 8 Rachises pubescent; bristles yellow or purple; leaf blades (4)12-40 mm wide; paleas of lower florets present
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on page 63, 65, 72, 93. Plants robust and weak-stemmed; green to golden yellow; capitulum ± rounded in emergent forms, flat in submersed forms; lacking
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2.5–3 mm in fruit; perianth reddish purple or maroon, rarely yellow, becoming slightly less reddish in fruit, strigose abaxially; tepals narrowly spatulate
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entire, not ciliate, apex acute to subulate; midrib prominent, marginal nerves less conspicuous. Inflorescences racemelike; bracts glandular-toothed, not ciliate
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Leaves sheathing; blade 1–6 × 1–2 (–3) cm, densely tomentose abaxially, less so to floccose adaxially, margins strongly undulate-crisped. Inflorescences
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trichomes (lower layer) smoother, (upper-layer) moderately tuberculate, much less so over flat or mounded center. Basal leaves: blade margins sinuate or lobed
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round-ovate to rounded, 0.5–2 (–2.5) × 0.5–2 cm, white-tomentose abaxially, less so to nearly glabrous and grayish or greenish adaxially. Inflorescences cymose
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bifurcate, slightly fused near base of main rays, (tuberculate throughout, less over umbo). Stems several from base, decumbent to prostrate, (well-exserted
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opening near sunrise; floral-tube 1.2–2 mm; sepals 1–2.2 (–2.5) mm; petals yellow, sometimes with 1 or 2 red dots near base, 1.5–3.5 (–4.5) mm; episepalous
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lanceolate, with short (less than 1.5 mm), soft hairs on the lower 1/2, apices scabridulous, acuminate; anthers 1-1.7 mm, yellow. Caryopses 1.7-2 mm, fusiform
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or capsule. Flowers: petals white to pale-yellow, obovate, 10–40 mm, apex mucronate; stamens 6–15 mm, less than 1/2 petal length, all fertile, none petaloid
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functionally unisexual; filaments dimorphic; anthers deep red; styles and stigmas less than 0.1 mm in anthesis. Staminate flowers: outer tepals loosely appressed
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elliptic, 0.3–0.6 (–1) × 0.2–0.4 (–0.6) cm, white-tomentose abaxially, slightly less so and greenish adaxially, margins plane. Inflorescences compact-umbellate;
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5 mm wide distally. Leaves: sheaths tight, green, fronts hyaline; ligules less than 2 mm, wider than long; widest leaf-blades 1–1.7 mm wide. Inflorescences
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Mentioned on page 62, 81, 84, 96. Plants small, slender and weak-stemmed; pale-yellow to golden brown, rarely tinged with red; capitulum not especially distinct
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petals yellow, each with 1 red dot near base, 2.8–4.2 mm; episepalous filaments 1.3–2.3 mm, epipetalous filaments 0.4–1.6 mm, anthers 0.4–0.8 mm, less than
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adherent, eglandular; basal leaves sessile or basally attenuate and sessile, less commonly with petiolar region 10–50 mm, cauline sessile; blade obovate to
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rachises; primary branches 5-10 (13) cm, axes triquetrous, narrowly winged, wings less than 1/2 as wide as the midribs, lower and middle portions of the branches
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rachises; primary branches 8-13 cm, axes triquetrous, narrowly winged, wings less than 1/2 as wide as the midribs, lower and middle portions of the branches
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page 156. Plants perennial; occasionally rhizomatous. Culms 20-70 cm tall, less than 3 mm thick, erect, branched above; internodes smooth, shiny for most
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persisting 5–8 years, 3–7cm × 1–1.5 (–2) mm, mostly connivent, deep yellow-green, abaxial surface less so, adaxial surface conspicuously whitened by stomates, margins
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Flowers: petals white to pale-yellow, usually with orange veins, obovate, 13–65 mm, apex mucronate; stamens 4–26 mm, less than 1/2 petal length, all fertile
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broadly triangular, sinuses broad, rounded (basal and distal cauline sometimes less divided, lobes linear-lanceolate), margins revolute, spreading, entire or
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medium-sized, in dense tufts, light green when young, golden or brownish yellow with age. Stems to 10 cm, densely regularly pinnate, branches 5–7 mm, curved
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