Search results
- many spines (modified leaves of the shoot); spines are absent in some taxa, populations, and environments. A vernacular term for areoles is “spine-clusters40 KB (1,967 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
- Inflorescence leaves or bracts tipped with spine or spinelike bristle > 7 6 Inflorescence leaves and bracts not tipped with spine or bristle > 9 7 Leaves triquetrous21 KB (878 words) - 09:28, 30 July 2020
- and glandular (glands sometimes elaborate, apices sometimes gland or spine-tipped). Heads usually radiate, rarely discoid, usually in corymbiform, glomerulate15 KB (799 words) - 23:36, 29 July 2020
- usually spine-tipped, sometimes apiculate). Involucres ± obconic or urceolate, 3–8+ mm diam. (subtended by calyculi of 5–12+ usually spine-tipped bractlets)9 KB (671 words) - 23:40, 29 July 2020
- and middle with bases appressed and apices spreading to erect, usually spine-tipped, innermost usually with erect, flat, often twisted, entire or dentate60 KB (2,205 words) - 13:43, 10 February 2021
- distally, connate proximally, leaflike, semileaflike, or scalelike, not awn-tipped, glabrous or variously pubescent or glandular. Peduncles absent or erect22 KB (1,627 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
- or -lobed, spine-tipped) Carthamus 21 Leaf margins not spiny (plants not thistlelike; phyllary apices sometimes apiculate, not spine-tipped) > 22 22 Receptacles275 KB (5,940 words) - 15:30, 15 December 2020
- spreading, usually ± dentate or fringed, linear to ovate appendages, spine-tipped or spineless. Receptacles flat, epaleate, bristly. Florets 10–many; outer21 KB (1,712 words) - 15:30, 15 December 2020
- quantity","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence"12 KB (866 words) - 09:21, 30 July 2020
- or succulent), bases ± cuneate, margins entire or toothed (teeth often spine-tipped), faces glabrous or puberulent to villous and/or sericeous. Heads radiate8 KB (643 words) - 23:12, 29 July 2020
- in 2 narrow, glaucous, whitish or brownish bands; apex sharp-pointed, spine-tipped, sharp to touch; resin canal central. Pollen cones ovoid or oblong, with6 KB (342 words) - 00:32, 30 July 2020
- linear, margins entire or irregularly serrate to dentate (teeth usually spine-tipped), faces glabrous, canescent, or puberulent, often sparsely stipitate-glandular11 KB (782 words) - 22:23, 29 July 2020
- duration","segment fragility","spine architecture","spine duration","spine fragility","spine presence","spine quantity","spine texture","stamen quantity","stamen17 KB (804 words) - 09:14, 30 July 2020
- numerous, whorled, distinct, leaflike to subulate or linear, occasionally awn-tipped, thinly pubescent (sometimes appressed), hirsute, villous, strigose, or23 KB (1,142 words) - 10:54, 30 July 2020
- shoots. Leaves alternate, sometimes leaves of elongate shoots reduced to spines and foliage leaves borne only on short-shoots; foliage leaves simple or16 KB (698 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
- entire, toothed, or lobed, apices obtuse or acute, appendaged or not, not spine-tipped. Receptacles flat or convex, epaleate, smooth, usually subulate-scaly9 KB (521 words) - 20:00, 29 July 2020
- measurement","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence"8 KB (738 words) - 09:22, 30 July 2020
- appressed, margins entire, apices ascending to spreading or reflexed, acute, spine-tipped. Receptacles flat, epaleate, bearing setiform scales (“flattened bristles”)10 KB (613 words) - 20:17, 29 July 2020
- 2–3-flowered with lateral flowers poorly developed); bracts ovatelanceolate, spine-tipped. Flowers bisexual, with 2 bracteoles; perianth segments persistent, 512 KB (822 words) - 09:40, 30 July 2020
- 3-angled (each angle ± winged, wings ± spine-tipped); inner ± compressed (adaxial angles ± winged, wings ± spine-tipped); ribs 0, faces glabrous (peric) arps7 KB (447 words) - 20:53, 29 July 2020
- rameal withered by flowering, (light grayish green) firm apices ± white-spine-tipped (often with clusters of smaller leaves in axils); basal sessile, blades12 KB (1,003 words) - 21:03, 29 July 2020
- width","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine atypical width","spine course","spine length","spine life cycle","spine orientation","spine pubescence"4 KB (765 words) - 09:19, 30 July 2020
- to linear (inner), entire, apices sometimes expanded and fringed, not spine-tipped. Receptacles turbinate, bearing elongate subulate scales. Florets 1 per7 KB (469 words) - 20:08, 29 July 2020
- ± winged (wings not spine-tipped); inner (disc) compressed-prismatic (± quadrate, sometimes 2 angles winged, wings not spine-tipped); all ± ribbed or nerved8 KB (533 words) - 20:53, 29 July 2020
- wings not spine-tipped); inner (disc) compressed-prismatic to columnar (adaxial, rarely abaxial, angles sometimes ± winged, wings not spine-tipped); ribs7 KB (498 words) - 20:54, 29 July 2020
- or acuminate, spineless or tipped with spines 1–9 mm or truncate, abruptly mucronate, and spineless or minutely spine-tipped. Corollas blue or purple (rarely7 KB (726 words) - 20:15, 29 July 2020
- Leaves (light grayish green) firm, margins entire, strigose, apices ± spine-tipped; basal withering by flowering, sessile, blades oblanceolate, 10–40 ×13 KB (856 words) - 21:03, 29 July 2020
- size","spine architecture","spine atypical length","spine coloration","spine course","spine duration","spine length","spine prominence","spine relief"8 KB (810 words) - 09:19, 30 July 2020
- appendages more herbaceous, prominently veiny, spiny-dentate or lobed, spine-tipped. Receptacles convex to conic, epaleate, bearing subulate scales. Florets9 KB (624 words) - 20:02, 29 July 2020
- 3-angled (each angle ± winged, wings not spine-tipped); inner compressed, adaxial angles ± winged (wings not spine-tipped); ribs 0, faces glabrous (pericarps6 KB (438 words) - 20:53, 29 July 2020
- margins dentate and often coarsely pinnately lobed, teeth and lobes spine-tipped, glabrous or puberulent. Heads discoid, borne singly, terminal and in7 KB (462 words) - 20:00, 29 July 2020
- 67 67 Stems rigid, spine-tipped (thorny); leaves cauline, entire; phyllaries 3–5; florets 3–5 Pleiacanthus 67 Stems not spine-tipped; leaves basal and cauline30 KB (805 words) - 20:06, 29 July 2020
- "seed quantity","sepal duration","sepal fusion","sepal quantity","spine presence","spine pubescence","stamen quantity","stem architecture","stem orientation"6 KB (384 words) - 12:05, 30 July 2020
- entire, occasionally crenulate, crisped, undulate, or lobed, rarely awn-tipped (Goodmania). Inflorescences terminal or terminal and axillary, cymose and23 KB (1,508 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
- "segment duration","segment fragility","spine architecture","spine duration","spine fragility","spine presence","spine texture","stamen quantity","stamen shape"8 KB (720 words) - 09:15, 30 July 2020
- lanceolate spine-tipped lobes; cauline spreading or recurved, lanceolate to ovate, rigid, clasping, 3–7-veined from base, margins with narrow spine-tipped lobes6 KB (642 words) - 20:02, 29 July 2020
- variability","seed-coat coloration","seed-coat relief","spine fragility","spine pubescence or texture","spine shape","stamen quantity","stem architecture","stem3 KB (452 words) - 09:28, 30 July 2020
- extrafloral nectaries; blade simple, rarely lobed (Pterostegia), rarely awn-tipped (Goodmania). Inflorescences terminal or terminal and axillary, cymose and21 KB (927 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
- "segment duration","segment fragility","spine architecture","spine duration","spine fragility","spine presence","spine texture","stamen quantity","stamen shape"9 KB (746 words) - 09:15, 30 July 2020
- Latin centrum, center, and atherum, prickle or awn, perhaps alluding to spine-tipped middle phyllaries of original species Treatment appears in FNA Volume6 KB (491 words) - 20:05, 29 July 2020
- quantity","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence"7 KB (881 words) - 09:23, 30 July 2020
- 1–2-pinnately lobed, lobes lanceolate to triangular, spiny-dentate, spine-tipped, spines slender, 2–3 mm; abaxial faces white-tomentose, adaxial green, glabrous5 KB (542 words) - 20:09, 29 July 2020
- linear-acicular, tapering to spines 7–35 mm; outer usually pinnately spiny, sometimes entire; apices of inner straight, plane or spine-tipped. Corollas ochroleucous12 KB (937 words) - 19:58, 29 July 2020
- and spreading apical appendages, acute to broadly obtuse or truncate, spine-tipped or spineless; inner scarious. Receptacles concave to flat or convex,8 KB (495 words) - 20:14, 29 July 2020
- smaller, scarious, margins spiny-dentate or lobed, apical appendages spine-tipped, inner apices spreading, membranous, white to stramineous, raylike, entire8 KB (580 words) - 20:06, 29 July 2020
- shape","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence8 KB (779 words) - 09:27, 30 July 2020
- coloration","seed reflectance","seed shape","spine architecture","spine arrangement","spine atypical some measurement","spine shape","stem atypical length","stem8 KB (794 words) - 09:19, 30 July 2020
- slender stramineous spines, each phyllary tipped by spine 1–3 mm. Inner phyllaries lanceolate, ± acute, appendage lacerate or spine-tipped. Florets 25–35;8 KB (778 words) - 20:03, 29 July 2020
- spiny-fringed at base, each tipped by slender spine 5–10 mm. Inner phyllaries: appendages entire, acute or spine-tipped. Florets many; corollas yellow7 KB (632 words) - 20:03, 29 July 2020
- 6–6 mm, apex acuminate to spine-tipped; blade linear to broadly so, 0.5–3.5 cm, distinctly fleshy, apex apiculate to spine-tipped; axillary leaf clusters8 KB (704 words) - 10:23, 30 July 2020
- root crowns woody, branched. Stems 1–4 [–8], branches divaricate, rigid, spine-tipped, with conspicuous tufts of light-brown, wool in axils of bud-scales at6 KB (428 words) - 20:27, 29 July 2020
- 1-veined or obscurely so, subulate to oblong, not succulent, apex blunt to spine-tipped. Inflorescences axillary, 1 (–2) -flowered; bracts absent. Pedicels:7 KB (489 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
- flattened or tipped with short spines. Corollas white to pinkish or lavender, 14.5–22 mm, tubes 5–8 mm, throats 4.5–9 mm, lobes 3–8 mm; style tips 2.5–4.5 mm9 KB (691 words) - 20:00, 29 July 2020
- long-acuminate; blade linear, (0.6–) 1–5.5 cm, fleshy, apex apiculate to spine-tipped; axillary leaves 1–2+ per cluster. Cymes simple to 3-compound or flowers7 KB (691 words) - 10:18, 30 July 2020
- size","spine architecture","spine atypical length","spine atypical quantity","spine atypical some measurement","spine duration","spine length","spine prominence"7 KB (778 words) - 09:20, 30 July 2020
- measurement","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine prominence","spine relief or texture","spine size","stem relief"34 KB (1,067 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
- quantity","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence","spine pubescence7 KB (863 words) - 09:25, 30 July 2020
- or size","spine architecture","spine atypical length","spine course","spine duration","spine length","spine prominence","spine relief","spine shape","spine7 KB (861 words) - 09:20, 30 July 2020
- size","spine architecture","spine atypical length","spine atypical quantity","spine atypical some measurement","spine duration","spine length","spine prominence"6 KB (820 words) - 09:20, 30 July 2020
- base, margins pinnately divided into 2–3 pairs of short, spine-tipped lobes, apices spine-tipped. Involucres ovoid, 10–13 mm, usually ± glabrous. Outer phyllaries6 KB (587 words) - 20:02, 29 July 2020
- "sepal duration","sepal fusion","slit dehiscence or orientation","spine presence","spine pubescence","stem architecture","stigma architecture or shape","stigma5 KB (310 words) - 12:06, 30 July 2020
- (–20) × 0.5–1.5 (–2) mm, margins revolute, papillose-denticulate, apex spine-tipped. Inflorescences axillary; cymes in distal axils, 1-flowered. Pedicels6 KB (714 words) - 10:09, 30 July 2020
- subulate, 3–15 (–25) × 0.4–1.5 mm, margins flat, smooth, apex acuminate to spine-tipped. Inflorescences axillary; cymes in distal axils, 1–2-flowered. Pedicels6 KB (701 words) - 10:09, 30 July 2020
- "segment duration","segment fragility","spine architecture","spine duration","spine fragility","spine presence","spine texture","stamen quantity","stamen shape"11 KB (906 words) - 09:14, 30 July 2020
- simple; leaf margins entire or toothed (teeth apiculate, ± spinulose, or spine-tipped); phyllaries usually not foliaceous (proximally white-indurate, distally79 KB (1,886 words) - 20:55, 29 July 2020
- presence","seed quantity","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine prominence","spine relief or texture","stem relief"10 KB (853 words) - 09:15, 30 July 2020
- or lanceolate spine-tipped lobes, cauline spreading or recurved, lanceolate to ovate, rigid, clasping, margins spiny-lobed, spine-tipped. Involucres ovoid8 KB (797 words) - 20:02, 29 July 2020
- fruit, outer shorter, apices spine-tipped, inner similar, spines spreading to erect, faces sericeous). Paleae: apices spine-tipped. Ray-florets 15–30; laminae6 KB (668 words) - 23:12, 29 July 2020
- "seed quantity","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine prominence","spine relief or texture","spine shape","stem7 KB (722 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
- "segment duration","segment fragility","spine architecture","spine duration","spine fragility","spine presence","spine texture","stamen quantity","stamen shape"8 KB (736 words) - 09:15, 30 July 2020
- with tightly appressed bases and spreading spine tips, inner lanceolate, tipped by pinnately divided spines more than 5 mm. Florets many; corollas yellow8 KB (716 words) - 20:03, 29 July 2020
- proximally), unequal to subequal, margins little, if at all, scarious, apices spine-tipped. Receptacles conic to hemispheric, smooth, glabrous, paleate; paleae7 KB (471 words) - 20:06, 29 July 2020
- spinose, 0.4–1.5 mm; blade erect to ± recurved, 0.4–5.5 mm, apex blunt to spine-tipped. Inflorescences often secund. Flowers cleistogamous; sepals erect to7 KB (765 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
- tubular, turbinate; teeth 4 (–5) or 7–30 (–36), 1/2 to completely connate, awn-tipped, glandular distally adaxially. Flowers 3–10 (–20) per involucre at any single8 KB (627 words) - 10:53, 30 July 2020
- to elliptic or broadly ovate, 2–8.5 cm, margins dentate with minutely spine-tipped teeth, veiny, shiny. Involucres ovoid, 20–40 mm diam., ± glabrous. Outer6 KB (726 words) - 20:02, 29 July 2020
- to winged petioles, blades oblong-oblanceolate, 7–15 cm, margins with spine-tipped teeth and lobes, abaxially ± arachnoid-tomentose, adaxially ± glabrate;6 KB (559 words) - 20:07, 29 July 2020
- or size","spine architecture","spine atypical length","spine duration","spine length","spine prominence","spine relief","spine shape","spine texture","spine11 KB (1,231 words) - 09:20, 30 July 2020
- cluster of spines, central spine stout, 1–2.5 cm, base dark-brown to black, distally stramineous. Inner phyllaries: appendages acute or spine-tipped. Florets7 KB (590 words) - 20:03, 29 July 2020
- measurement","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence9 KB (942 words) - 09:23, 30 July 2020
- (branched in Tidestromia). Stems without nodal spines (Amaranthus spinosus sometimes with paired nodal spines). Leaves alternate or opposite, exstipulate12 KB (586 words) - 09:40, 30 July 2020
- obvious, in tight spiral, linear to lanceolate or narrowly ovate, not awn-tipped. Flowers 5–30 per involucre, sessile or pedicellate; perianth white to rose8 KB (745 words) - 10:53, 30 July 2020
- width","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine atypical width","spine course","spine length","spine life cycle","spine orientation","spine pubescence"6 KB (978 words) - 09:19, 30 July 2020
- "seed quantity","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence or8 KB (872 words) - 09:22, 30 July 2020
- measurement","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence"10 KB (962 words) - 09:23, 30 July 2020
- width","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine atypical width","spine course","spine length","spine life cycle","spine orientation","spine pubescence"4 KB (781 words) - 09:19, 30 July 2020
- quantity","seed reflectance","spine atypical quantity","spine atypical some measurement","spine course","spine presence","spine some measurement","stem architecture"9 KB (882 words) - 09:27, 30 July 2020
- measurement","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence"10 KB (954 words) - 09:23, 30 July 2020
- abruptly tipped by spreading or reflexed, flattened spine tips 3–5 mm, inner lanceolate, with erect or flaring, flattened, ± spineless tips. Florets:6 KB (616 words) - 20:02, 29 July 2020
- margins revolute, papillose-denticulate or smooth, apex mucronate or weakly spine-tipped. Inflorescences axillary; cymes in distal axils, 1-flowered. Pedicels7 KB (696 words) - 10:09, 30 July 2020
- linear-lanceolate, subulate, 5–13 (–20) × 0.4–1 mm, margins revolute, smooth, apex spine-tipped. Inflorescences axillary; cymes in most axils, 1-flowered. Pedicels absent6 KB (676 words) - 10:09, 30 July 2020
- linear to lanceolate, 10–20 × 0.6–2.7 mm, margins revolute, smooth, apex spine-tipped. Inflorescences axillary; cymes in most axils, 2–3-flowered. Pedicels7 KB (725 words) - 10:09, 30 July 2020
- scarious–margined, appendages stramineous, spiny–fringed at base, each tipped by stout spreading spine (0.5–) 1–3 cm. Inner phyllaries: appendages truncate, spineless8 KB (664 words) - 20:03, 29 July 2020
- scarious-margined, appendages stramineous, spiny-fringed at base, each tipped by a stout spreading spine 10–25 mm. Inner phyllaries: appendages truncate, spineless7 KB (719 words) - 20:03, 29 July 2020
- ribbed, tubular, narrowly turbinate; teeth (3–) 4, erect to spreading, awn-tipped. Flowers 2–10 per involucre at any single time during full anthesis; perianth9 KB (669 words) - 10:53, 30 July 2020
- glabrous; bracts 3 per node, connate basally, scalelike, triangular, not awn-tipped, glabrous or sparsely glandular. Peduncles straight or flexed, slender to8 KB (623 words) - 10:52, 30 July 2020
- "suboral cell arrangement or shape","suboral cell shape","terminal spine length","terminal spine size","tuft arrangement","wall course","wall shape","whole_organism3 KB (350 words) - 07:50, 30 July 2020
- smooth, margins minutely denticulate, lemon yellow, hyaline, apex spinose, spine-tipped. Inflorescences paniculate, arising just within or beyond rosettes, ovoid7 KB (520 words) - 06:11, 30 July 2020
- presence","seed quantity","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine prominence","spine relief or texture","stem relief"12 KB (988 words) - 09:15, 30 July 2020
- spreading, linear, bodies entire, spines ascending to abruptly spreading, usually fine, 2–6 mm; apices of inner narrow, spine-tipped or spineless. Corollas dull11 KB (1,050 words) - 19:56, 29 July 2020
- closely spaced, spreading, spinose-dentate and cleft into 2–5 spine-tipped divisions, main spines 5–20 mm, yellowish, abaxial faces densely white-tomentose9 KB (705 words) - 20:42, 29 July 2020
- "segment duration","segment fragility","spine architecture","spine duration","spine fragility","spine presence","spine texture","stamen quantity","stamen shape"7 KB (750 words) - 09:14, 30 July 2020
- broadly elliptic or round to reniform, becoming linear, margins entire, awn-tipped at proximal nodes. Inflorescences terminal, cymose; branches dichotomous7 KB (629 words) - 10:52, 30 July 2020
- presence","seed quantity","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine prominence","spine relief or texture","stem relief"9 KB (742 words) - 09:14, 30 July 2020
- "segment duration","segment fragility","spine architecture","spine duration","spine fragility","spine presence","spine texture","stamen quantity","stamen shape"8 KB (735 words) - 09:15, 30 July 2020
- quantity","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence","spine pubescence13 KB (1,243 words) - 09:25, 30 July 2020
- blades 2–5 (–6) × 2–5 (–7) mm, acerose, distal blades 3–5 × 0.5–1.5 mm, awn-tipped. Involucral-bracts 2–5 mm; awns 1–3 mm. Flowers 0.8–1 mm. Achenes 1–1.24 KB (659 words) - 10:52, 30 July 2020
- which mostly lack nodal spines and internodal prickles and have a joint in each pedicel, and gooseberries, which have nodal spines, internodal prickles,23 KB (1,464 words) - 13:16, 30 July 2020
- radiating cluster of spines, and stout central spine 10–25 mm. Inner phyllaries: appendages scarious, obtuse or abruptly spine-tipped. Florets many; corollas8 KB (759 words) - 20:03, 29 July 2020
- midribs sometimes bristly. Paleae often exserted, apices ± attenuate, spine-tipped. 2n = 18, 20. Phenology: Flowering Apr–Nov. Habitat: Open, ± alkaline4 KB (598 words) - 23:40, 29 July 2020
- cuspidate, indument similar to leaves). Paleae: apices cuspidate (not spine-tipped). Ray-florets 14–25; laminae 5–7.5 × 2.5–3.5 mm. Disc-florets 25–60;4 KB (559 words) - 23:13, 29 July 2020
- acroscopic pinnule (only in this species); pinnule margins toothed, teeth spine-tipped. Sori midway between midvein and margin of segments. Indusia usually5 KB (447 words) - 00:34, 30 July 2020
- node. Inflorescences: bracts 3, whorled, connate proximally, leaflike, awn-tipped. Involucres urceolate, not ventricose basally, 5-toothed, without membranous4 KB (559 words) - 10:54, 30 July 2020
- not ribbed, tubular, narrowly turbinate to funnelform; teeth 5 (–6), awn-tipped. Flowers 2–5 (–10) per involucre at any single time during full anthesis;9 KB (691 words) - 10:53, 30 July 2020
- quantity","seed reflectance","spine arrangement","spine atypical some measurement","spine course","spine presence","spine some measurement","stem architecture"9 KB (854 words) - 09:27, 30 July 2020
- coat. Taxus 1 Leaves rigid, stiff, with central resin canal, apex acute, spine-tipped, sharp to touch; aril green or green with purple streaks, leathery, resinous8 KB (400 words) - 00:29, 30 July 2020
- Involucral-bracts obvious, in 1 whorl of 3, linear to broadly lanceolate, awn-tipped. Flowers 1 per involucral cluster; perianth light green to greenish white7 KB (644 words) - 10:57, 30 July 2020
- Involucres 1 per node, 5-ribbed, tubular, narrowly turbinate; teeth 5, awn-tipped. Flowers (4–) 6 per involucre; perianth white to pink or rose, campanulate7 KB (601 words) - 10:57, 30 July 2020
- throughout), “branches” often connate, adaxially continuously stigmatic ± to tips, apices rounded to acute, appendages essentially none. Cypselae usually monomorphic15 KB (836 words) - 20:05, 29 July 2020
- presence","scale quantity","seed reflectance","spine atypical some measurement","spine course","spine presence","spine some measurement","stem architecture","stem9 KB (886 words) - 09:27, 30 July 2020
- "segment duration","segment fragility","spine architecture","spine duration","spine fragility","spine presence","spine texture","stamen quantity","stamen shape"10 KB (882 words) - 09:15, 30 July 2020
- 8 Phyllary apices spine-tipped (spines white or clear) > 9 8 Phyllary apices (flat or involute or folded and green) not spine-tipped > 10 9 Involucres62 KB (1,546 words) - 15:28, 15 December 2020
- (sometimes interpreted as paleae) ± connate, usually with free tips forming tubercles, spines, or wings (the whole becoming a hard perigynium or “bur”); florets16 KB (728 words) - 23:11, 29 July 2020
- 2, opposite, rarely in whorls of 3–5, connate, proximally leaflike, awn-tipped. Involucres urceolate, ventricose basally, 6-toothed, with broad, continuous4 KB (560 words) - 10:54, 30 July 2020
- appendages spreading, fringed with slender stramineous spines, each tipped by spreading to reflexed spine 1–3 mm. Inner phyllaries lanceolate, ± acute. Florets8 KB (707 words) - 20:03, 29 July 2020
- spatulate, 2–18 × 1–6 mm, herbaceous to leathery, apex mucronate to short-spine-tipped, moderately antrorsely pubescent. Inflorescences diffuse, flowers solitary7 KB (626 words) - 10:43, 30 July 2020
- cartilaginous-thickened secondary-veins obscure, apex acute or obtuse, spine-tipped; surfaces abaxially blue-green, glaucous, glabrous, microscopically markedly7 KB (618 words) - 08:32, 30 July 2020
- blade filiform to linear, 1–4.2 cm, somewhat fleshy, apex apiculate or spine-tipped; axillary leaves 2–4 per cluster. Cymes simple to 3-compound. Pedicels7 KB (683 words) - 10:24, 30 July 2020
- branched before passing into teeth, apex acute or obtuse, rarely rounded, spine-tipped; surfaces abaxially canescent, usually densely stellate-pubescent, and8 KB (657 words) - 08:44, 30 July 2020
- 3–4-angled, slightly ventricose on the angles in some; teeth (2–) 3–4, awn-tipped. Flowers 1 (–2) per involucre; perianth white to pink, campanulate when8 KB (591 words) - 10:56, 30 July 2020
- measurement","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine prominence","spine relief or texture","spine size","stem relief"7 KB (700 words) - 09:17, 30 July 2020
- several orders of branching, bearing bracts that are modified as scales and/or spines (see B. S. Fey and P. K. Endress 1983). None. Castanea, Chrysolepis, Fagus13 KB (591 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
- sometimes bristly; paleae often conspicuously exserted, apices ± attenuate, spine-tipped Centromadia pungens subsp. pungens4 KB (523 words) - 23:40, 29 July 2020
- quantity","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence","spine pubescence24 KB (1,147 words) - 09:19, 30 July 2020
- variability","seed-coat coloration","seed-coat relief","spine fragility","spine pubescence or texture","spine shape","stamen quantity","stem architecture","stem3 KB (433 words) - 09:28, 30 July 2020
- measurement","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence"18 KB (1,104 words) - 09:27, 30 July 2020
- measurement","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence","spine pubescence25 KB (1,748 words) - 09:25, 30 July 2020
- quantity","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence"7 KB (834 words) - 09:23, 30 July 2020
- or size","spine architecture","spine atypical length","spine duration","spine length","spine prominence","spine relief","spine shape","spine texture","spine8 KB (859 words) - 09:20, 30 July 2020
- cross-section, rigid, blue-green, bearing stomates on all surfaces, apex spine-tipped. Seed-cones (5–) 6–11 (–12) cm; scales elliptic to diamond-shaped, widest4 KB (421 words) - 00:23, 30 July 2020
- "seed quantity","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine prominence","spine relief or texture","spine shape","stem8 KB (766 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
- presence","scale quantity","seed reflectance","spine atypical some measurement","spine course","spine presence","spine some measurement","stem architecture","stem8 KB (848 words) - 09:27, 30 July 2020
- measurement","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine prominence","spine relief or texture","spine size","stem relief"7 KB (755 words) - 09:17, 30 July 2020
- "seed width","spine architecture","spine atypical some measurement","spine life cycle","spine pubescence","stem segment atypical length","tip coloration"6 KB (665 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
- at proximal nodes, distinct, reduced to 2 lobes at distal nodes, not awn-tipped. Flowers 4–6 per involucral cluster, sessile or pedicellate; perianth yellow9 KB (784 words) - 10:52, 30 July 2020
- tubular, prismatic, 3-angled, 3-awned basally on saccate lobes; teeth 5, awn-tipped, awns straight. Flowers 2 per involucre; perianth white to pink, campanulate8 KB (709 words) - 10:57, 30 July 2020
- peglike. Involucres 1 per node, tubular, cylindric, 6-angled; teeth 6, awn-tipped, awns uncinate. Flowers 3 per involucre; perianth white to pink, campanulate7 KB (632 words) - 10:57, 30 July 2020
- acuminate; blade filiform to linear, 0.5–3 cm, somewhat fleshy, apex acute to spine-tipped; axillary leaf clusters absent. Cymes branching symmetrically or mostly7 KB (672 words) - 10:25, 30 July 2020
- orientation","sepal shape","sepal some measurement","spine fragility or size","spine length or size","spine some measurement","stamen length","stem orientation"2 KB (412 words) - 13:06, 30 July 2020
- reduced distally, bases cuneate, margins entire, apices acute, white-spine-tipped, faces sparsely strigose. Heads in ample, leafy, paniculiform arrays12 KB (845 words) - 21:03, 29 July 2020
- "seed quantity","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine prominence","spine relief or texture","spine shape","stem10 KB (650 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
- quantity","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence"7 KB (885 words) - 09:23, 30 July 2020
- 2-pinnately divided nearly to midvein, lobes linear to oblong, spiny-serrate, spine-tipped, abaxial faces white-tomentose, adaxial faces green, sparsely viscid-glandular;5 KB (533 words) - 20:10, 29 July 2020
- lobes lanceolate to triangular, margins revolute, spiny-dentate, spine-tipped, spines slender, 2–4 mm; abaxial faces densely gray or white-tomentose, adaxial6 KB (575 words) - 20:09, 29 July 2020
- blade 7–11 mm, apex acute to acuminate, navicular, with small mucro, not spine-tipped. Flowers: sepals prominently 1 (–3) -veined, lanceolate to narrowly so3 KB (669 words) - 10:20, 30 July 2020
- paleae usually spatulate to filiform, sometimes setiform, often glanddotted; tips sometimes dilated and strigillose or ciliate; sometimes paleae 0). Ray-florets16 KB (907 words) - 23:04, 29 July 2020
- spineless or tipped with flattened spines. Corollas white or pale lavender to purple, 20–40 mm, tubes 7–24 mm, throats 4–12 mm (noticeably larger than tubes), lobes15 KB (1,232 words) - 19:58, 29 July 2020
- noncircinate in bud. Petioles usually with persistent scales proximally, lacking spines; vascular-bundles 1–several, roundish or crescent-shaped in cross-section15 KB (634 words) - 00:29, 30 July 2020
- herbaceous or scarious, apex sometimes hooded or with apical or subapical spine; petals absent or (1-) 4-5, often fugacious in Polycarpon, distinct, often29 KB (1,113 words) - 10:14, 30 July 2020
- or with spines, tubercles, or ridges. Microspores grayish or brownish in mass, reniform, mostly 20–50 µm, monolete, smooth or textured with spines, tubercles15 KB (1,109 words) - 00:22, 30 July 2020
- into 2–3 lanceolate to triangular, often entire-margined, spine-tipped divisions, main spines 2.5–7+ mm, abaxial faces densely gray-tomentose, adaxial thinly10 KB (806 words) - 20:40, 29 July 2020
- spiny-ciliate, apices long, spreading to erect, spines straight, 2–5 mm; apices of inner flattened or spine-tipped, serrate to scabrid, sometimes pectinately9 KB (686 words) - 20:00, 29 July 2020
- blade filiform to linear, 0.4–1.5 cm, scarcely fleshy, apex apiculate to spine-tipped; axillary leaves 2–4+ per cluster. Cymes simple to 3+-compound or flowers8 KB (757 words) - 10:20, 30 July 2020
- blade ± linear, 1–4.2 cm, at least moderately fleshy, apex apiculate to spine-tipped; axillary leaves absent or 1–2 per cluster. Cymes simple to 6+-compound7 KB (704 words) - 10:21, 30 July 2020
- ascending long-acuminate, spines straight, stout, 5–15 mm; apices of inner straight or twisted, long, entire, flat or spine-tipped. Corollas dark reddish9 KB (695 words) - 19:57, 29 July 2020
- spaced, spreading, coarsely spinose-dentate or cleft into 2–5 spine-tipped divisions, main spines 3–5 mm, faces densely gray-white-tomentose; basal usually8 KB (655 words) - 20:45, 29 July 2020
- blade 5–10 mm, apex acute to acuminate, navicular, with small mucro, not spine-tipped. Flowers: sepals 1-veined or 3-veined, lateral-veins less distinct, ovate4 KB (749 words) - 10:20, 30 July 2020
- broad and obtuse ridges, or thick to thin wings, or rows of curved gland-tipped teeth. Seed 1; seed-coat membranaceous; embryo straight or curved; cotyledons20 KB (1,275 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
- similar to basal leaf-blades only 1–2 (–2.5) × 0.5–1.5 cm, mucronate to awn-tipped, awn mostly 2–4 mm; distal cauline leaf-blade persistent, 1 per node, sessile10 KB (950 words) - 10:56, 30 July 2020
- prostrate, usually branched, occasionally simple or nearly so; without nodal spines (except in A. spinosus). Leaves alternate, petiolate; blade rhombic-ovate32 KB (1,366 words) - 09:41, 30 July 2020
- lance-oblong or elliptic, margins plane or weakly undulate, marginal teeth tipped with spines to 1-1.6 × 0.1-0.2 mm. Inflorescences 6-9 cm. Phenology: Flowering3 KB (474 words) - 08:21, 30 July 2020
- to broadly lanceolate, margins undulate or crispate, marginal teeth tipped with spines to 1.2-3 × 0.2-0.3 mm. Inflorescences 2-5 cm. Phenology: Flowering3 KB (441 words) - 08:26, 30 July 2020
- presence","seed quantity","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine prominence","spine relief or texture","stem relief"10 KB (793 words) - 09:15, 30 July 2020
- middle or beyond, not imbricate, rounded or keeled abaxially, wings and spines absent; stamens 5 or fewer; ovary superior; style 1 or absent; stigmas 219 KB (716 words) - 09:29, 30 July 2020
- quantity","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence"4 KB (728 words) - 09:26, 30 July 2020
- rigidly spreading, undivided or with 1–2 pairs of coarse teeth or lobes, main spines 5–15 mm, both faces gray to white-tomentose, sometimes ± glabrate or adaxial10 KB (732 words) - 19:56, 29 July 2020
- appendages expanded, ± scarious, pectinately fringed, spines straight, 2–6 mm; apices of inner flat or spine-tipped, sometimes expanded and fimbriate. Corollas ochroleucous11 KB (895 words) - 19:58, 29 July 2020
- dentate tips, spineless or spine-tipped. Corollas white or pale lavender to purple, 25–35 mm, tubes 10–20 mm, throats 7–10 mm, lobes 5–8 mm; style tips 2.5–410 KB (867 words) - 19:59, 29 July 2020
- into 2–3 lanceolate to triangular, often entire-margined, spine-tipped divisions, main spines (yellowish), 2–12+ mm, abaxial densely gray-tomentose, adaxial11 KB (933 words) - 20:39, 29 July 2020
- cauline deeply pinnatifid with few-toothed spine-tipped lobes. Heads few–many in dense clusters at branch tips. Peduncles 0–1 cm. Involucres ovoid to campanulate10 KB (826 words) - 20:24, 29 July 2020
- "seed shape","seed some measurement","spine count or density","spine course","spine pubescence","spine shape","spine texture","stem atypical length","stem7 KB (1,008 words) - 09:24, 30 July 2020
- "seed shape","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine coloration","spine orientation","spine pubescence","spine shape","spine some measurement"6 KB (754 words) - 09:24, 30 July 2020
- distally glabrous or minutely ciliolate, spine tips 1–2 mm, the inner phyllaries with unarmed, straight or twisted tips. Corollas purple or ± white, 13–20 mm7 KB (700 words) - 20:18, 29 July 2020
- quantity","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence8 KB (886 words) - 09:22, 30 July 2020
- quantity","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence","spine pubescence9 KB (931 words) - 09:22, 30 July 2020
- margins pinnately lobed or divided and dentate, teeth and lobes tipped with stout spines. Heads discoid, borne singly or in corymbiform arrays; (peduncles7 KB (449 words) - 20:11, 29 July 2020
- few–many, ovate to linear-acuminate, often again lobed or divided, main spines 2–30 mm, abaxial faces green, glabrous to densely gray tomentose, sometimes14 KB (1,227 words) - 19:57, 29 July 2020
- "seed some measurement","spine architecture","spine architecture or shape","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence or relief","stem11 KB (910 words) - 09:19, 30 July 2020
- circular or cordate in outline with longitudinal ridge across 1 or both faces; spines slender to stout, glabrous or hairy proximally, smooth or with retrorse7 KB (383 words) - 18:29, 29 July 2020
- measurement","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence"10 KB (830 words) - 09:26, 30 July 2020
- some measurement","spine arrangement","spine coloration","spine life cycle","spine presence","spine quantity","spine shape","spine some measurement","stem4 KB (757 words) - 09:21, 30 July 2020
- (–13) mm, lobes linear but not filiform, not knobbed at tips, (2–) 4.5–7 (–10) mm; style tips 3–4 (–5) mm, conspicuously exserted beyond corolla lobes14 KB (1,366 words) - 19:57, 29 July 2020
- pubescence","receptacle relief","receptacle shape","series quantity","spine fragility","spine fragility or size","stem architecture","stem orientation","throat4 KB (523 words) - 20:13, 29 July 2020
- course or shape","margin architecture or shape","marginal spine fragility or size","marginal spine size","outer phyllary shape","outer phyllary texture","pappus3 KB (655 words) - 20:16, 29 July 2020
- relief","seed width","slit orientation","spine atypical quantity","spine course","spine quantity","spine shape","spine some measurement","stem architecture"6 KB (884 words) - 09:26, 30 July 2020
- measurement","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence","spine pubescence8 KB (851 words) - 09:25, 30 July 2020
- pubescent, stipitate-glandular, longer hairs not gland-tipped, with long, stout, glandular or eglandular spines. Generated Map Legacy Map Calif., Nev., Oreg. Varieties9 KB (470 words) - 13:05, 30 July 2020
- measurement","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence or11 KB (781 words) - 09:19, 30 July 2020
- quantity","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence"8 KB (651 words) - 09:21, 30 July 2020
- having pistillate unisexual flowers, not woolly, with hairs ± straight or tips coiled, 0.1–0.3 mm; hypanthium cupshaped, tapering or expanded distally;21 KB (1,113 words) - 10:32, 30 July 2020
- length","seed width","spine atypical quantity","spine coloration","spine fixation or orientation","spine pubescence","spine quantity","spine some measurement"3 KB (770 words) - 09:19, 30 July 2020
- or 2-pinnatifid (apices of blades, lobes, and teeth apiculate to bristle-tipped, bristles 1–4 mm), faces usually glabrous, hispid, hispidulous, or villous13 KB (844 words) - 22:21, 29 July 2020
- quantity","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence"11 KB (747 words) - 09:21, 30 July 2020
- page 43, 44, 45, 62. Shrubs or small trees, armed with thorns or stipular spines [unarmed]; bud-scales present or absent. Leaves deciduous or persistent10 KB (589 words) - 18:29, 29 July 2020
- sometimes decurrent, distinct or connate, rarely elongated into horns or spines; ovules 1–300 per ovary, anatropous or campylotropous, bitegmic, usually107 KB (3,718 words) - 12:07, 30 July 2020
- arched, or drooping, unarmed or armed with very sharp, often paired, axillary spines, without glutinous bands on internodes. Leaves petiolate, equal or of unequal7 KB (486 words) - 09:13, 30 July 2020
- erose-denticulate, flexuous tips. Corollas pink to purple (white), 40–60 mm, tubes 20–35 mm, throats 11–15 mm, lobes 7–10 mm; style tips 3–7 mm. Cypselae stramineous9 KB (771 words) - 20:33, 29 July 2020
- ovate-triangular, ascending to spreading, entire to coarsely dentate or lobed, main spines slender to stout, 2–30 mm, faces densely gray-tomentose, rarely glabrate;9 KB (696 words) - 19:56, 29 July 2020
- spiny-dentate to deeply pinnatifid, lobes spiny-dentate or coarsely lobed, main spines stout, 5–30 mm, abaxial faces subglabrous to loosely tomentose, adaxial9 KB (749 words) - 20:30, 29 July 2020
- quantity","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence"15 KB (1,401 words) - 09:21, 30 July 2020
- quantity","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence"7 KB (819 words) - 09:23, 30 July 2020
- shape","central spine atypical quantity","central spine length or size","central spine orientation","central spine prominence","central spine quantity","cortex10 KB (1,144 words) - 09:21, 30 July 2020
- quantity","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence"13 KB (1,143 words) - 09:21, 30 July 2020
- size","spine architecture","spine atypical length","spine atypical some measurement","spine duration","spine length","spine prominence","spine relief"8 KB (939 words) - 09:20, 30 July 2020
- shape","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence or relief","spine shape"9 KB (806 words) - 09:27, 30 July 2020
- borne 1–few at branch tips, collectively forming open, paniculiform arrays. Peduncles 0.5–15+ cm. Involucres (excluding spreading tips) broadly ovoid to hemispheric9 KB (730 words) - 20:00, 29 July 2020
- "sepal duration","sepal orientation","sepal shape","spine architecture","spine atypical quantity","spine pubescence","stamen atypical quantity","stamen length7 KB (603 words) - 14:14, 30 July 2020
- corymbiform arrays. Peduncular bracts: pit-glands, tack-glands, and/or spines 0 at tips. Involucres ± campanulate to cylindric or ellipsoid, 3–12+ mm diam6 KB (540 words) - 23:37, 29 July 2020
- pale toward base, spirally arranged, to 20 cm, rigid, gradually tapering to tip. Velum covering less than 1/2 sporangium. Sporangium wall unpigmented. Megaspores5 KB (460 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
- valves, covering proximal portion of nut, scaly, spines absent, scales strongly reflexed, hooked at tip; nut 1 per cupule, round in cross-section, not winged6 KB (388 words) - 08:24, 30 July 2020
- toward base, spirally arranged, to 12 cm, pliant, gradually tapering toward tip. Velum covering less than 1/2 of sporangium. Sporangium wall ± brown-streaked4 KB (347 words) - 00:29, 30 July 2020
- achenes, elongate-cuneate, apically 2-lobed, each lobe tipped with 1–3 sharply reflexed spines 3–5 mm. Seed 1. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central4 KB (269 words) - 09:24, 30 July 2020
- size","spine atypical length","spine atypical some measurement","spine duration","spine length","spine prominence","spine relief","spine shape","spine texture"8 KB (992 words) - 09:20, 30 July 2020
- "pedicel fusion","pedicel presence","perianth texture","spine height or length or size","spine length or size","stamen position","stem architecture","stem17 KB (687 words) - 06:11, 30 July 2020
- measurement","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine prominence","spine relief or texture","spine size","stem relief"8 KB (809 words) - 09:17, 30 July 2020
- petal shape","seed coloration","sepal coloration","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence","stamen architecture","stamen coloration"6 KB (473 words) - 18:27, 29 July 2020
- dilated phyllary tips, and circumscribed C. centaureae broadly to include the Rocky Mountains and West Coast plants with dilated phyllary tips. Because of the13 KB (1,141 words) - 20:52, 29 July 2020
- Wedgelet fern Etymology: Greek odous, tooth, and soros the sori are at the tips of toothed segments Basionym: Sphenomeris Maxon J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 3: 1445 KB (301 words) - 00:24, 30 July 2020
- "side prominence or shape","spine architecture","spine arrangement","spine course","spine life cycle","spine quantity","spine shape","stem atypical width"4 KB (810 words) - 09:22, 30 July 2020
- larger usually with broad sinuses, lobes broad, few lobed or dentate, main spines 2–9 mm, abaxial faces ± gray-tomentose, sometimes ± glabrate, adaxial thinly9 KB (649 words) - 19:55, 29 July 2020
- retrorse, merely spinulose to coarsely dentate or proximally few-lobed, main spines 2–5 (–7) mm, slender, abaxial faces green to gray, glabrous or thinly to11 KB (785 words) - 20:49, 29 July 2020
- cordate, margins plane to crispate, toothed, each with 5-22 teeth 0-2 mm tipped with spines to 1-3 × 0.1-0.3 mm, apex acute to rounded-obtuse. Inflorescences7 KB (526 words) - 08:45, 30 July 2020
- quantity","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence","spine pubescence13 KB (1,237 words) - 09:25, 30 July 2020
- or size","spine architecture","spine atypical length","spine duration","spine length","spine prominence","spine relief","spine shape","spine texture","spine10 KB (1,087 words) - 09:20, 30 July 2020
- measurement","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence","spine pubescence10 KB (1,046 words) - 09:25, 30 July 2020
- "seed some measurement","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine prominence","spine relief or texture","stem relief"11 KB (845 words) - 09:18, 30 July 2020
- racemiform arrays. Peduncular bracts: pit-glands, tack-glands, and/or spines 0 at tips. Involucres ± globose or broadly ellipsoid to campanulate, 4–6+ mm10 KB (841 words) - 23:43, 29 July 2020
- quantity","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence or relief","spine shape"14 KB (1,417 words) - 09:25, 30 July 2020
- quantity","spine orientation","spine shape","stem orientation","stem size or width","tip architecture","tip architecture or shape","tip shape","tip size","trichome9 KB (987 words) - 19:58, 29 July 2020
- quantity","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence","spine pubescence12 KB (1,181 words) - 09:25, 30 July 2020
- quantity","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence9 KB (1,007 words) - 09:24, 30 July 2020
- measurement","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence","spine pubescence10 KB (998 words) - 09:25, 30 July 2020
- Ray pappi crowns of scales (0.1–1 mm); disc pappi of 5–7 (white or purple-tipped) subulate, crisped, ciliolate scales (2.5–3 mm). x = 8. Calif. Species 27 KB (576 words) - 23:44, 29 July 2020
- architecture","pistil quantity","slit dehiscence or orientation","spine presence","spine pubescence","stamen arrangement","stamen quantity","stigma shape"5 KB (458 words) - 12:05, 30 July 2020
- base, spirally arranged, to 25 (–40) cm, pliant, gradually tapering toward tip. Velum covering less than 1/2 of sporangium. Sporangium wall ± brown-streaked6 KB (524 words) - 00:23, 30 July 2020
- corymbiform arrays. Peduncular bracts: pit-glands, tack-glands, and/or spines 0 at tips. Involucres ± campanulate, 5–10+ mm diam. Phyllaries (modified paleae)7 KB (688 words) - 23:44, 29 July 2020
- corymbiform arrays. Peduncular bracts: pit-glands, tack-glands, and/or spines 0 at tips. Involucres turbinate to campanulate or hemispheric, 3–6+ mm diam.7 KB (561 words) - 23:37, 29 July 2020
- quantity","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence","spine pubescence10 KB (1,009 words) - 09:25, 30 July 2020
- pubescence","spine architecture","spine atypical some measurement","spine coloration","spine life cycle","spine pubescence","spine quantity","spine shape","spine8 KB (706 words) - 09:18, 30 July 2020
- "petiole architecture","pistil architecture","root size","soil orientation","spine orientation","staminode presence","stem architecture","stigma architecture24 KB (947 words) - 10:41, 30 July 2020
- size","spine architecture","spine atypical length","spine coloration","spine duration","spine length","spine prominence","spine relief","spine shape","spine8 KB (933 words) - 09:20, 30 July 2020
- or size","spine architecture","spine atypical length","spine atypical quantity","spine atypical some measurement","spine coloration","spine duration","spine7 KB (879 words) - 09:20, 30 July 2020
- measurement","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence"8 KB (918 words) - 09:23, 30 July 2020
- glabrous, crisped-puberulent (somewhat stipitate-glandular on young growth); spines at nodes absent; prickles on internodes absent. Leaves: petiole 3–6 cm,9 KB (577 words) - 12:55, 30 July 2020
- quantity","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence","spine pubescence9 KB (937 words) - 09:25, 30 July 2020
- quantity","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence"10 KB (820 words) - 09:21, 30 July 2020
- reflectance","seed shape","spine coloration","spine course","spine length","spine pubescence","spine some measurement","spine width","stem architecture"6 KB (769 words) - 09:24, 30 July 2020
- shape","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine course","spine length","spine orientation","spine pubescence","spine shape","spine texture"6 KB (778 words) - 09:24, 30 July 2020
- ascending-spreading to retrorse, merely spinulose to coarsely dentate or few lobed, main spines 2–7 mm, ± slender, abaxial faces gray to white, usually densely arachnoid-tomentose11 KB (809 words) - 20:47, 29 July 2020
- measurement","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence or8 KB (828 words) - 09:19, 30 July 2020
- coloration","central spine orientation","central spine presence","central spine prominence","central spine some measurement","central spine width","cortex coating"9 KB (986 words) - 09:21, 30 July 2020
- size","spine architecture","spine atypical length","spine atypical quantity","spine atypical some measurement","spine duration","spine length","spine prominence"6 KB (785 words) - 09:21, 30 July 2020
- fusion","pedicel presence","perianth texture","seed shape","spine height or length or size","spine length or size","stamen position","stem architecture","stem4 KB (281 words) - 06:10, 30 July 2020
- and middle bodies appressed, margins entire, spines abruptly spreading to deflexed, slender, 3–9 mm; spines slender, 3–9 mm; apices of inner phyllaries10 KB (855 words) - 20:27, 29 July 2020
- cross-section, rigid, margins entire, apex terminating in soft or stiff, flattened spine. Inflorescences solitary flowers in axils of leaflike bracts. Flowers bisexual;6 KB (490 words) - 09:28, 30 July 2020
- quantity","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence","spine pubescence14 KB (1,312 words) - 09:25, 30 July 2020
- "receptacle prominence","row quantity","scale duration","sorus arrangement","spine quantity","spore architecture","spore relief","stature growth form or habitat"13 KB (724 words) - 00:34, 30 July 2020
- "petiole architecture","pistil architecture","root size","soil orientation","spine orientation","staminode presence","stem architecture","stigma architecture80 KB (1,352 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
- cordate, margins plane or undulate, toothed, each with 5-21 teeth 0-2 mm tipped with spines to 0.8-2.2 × 0.2-0.3 mm, apex acute or sometimes obtuse or rounded7 KB (586 words) - 08:23, 30 July 2020
- quantity","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence","spine pubescence10 KB (1,049 words) - 09:25, 30 July 2020
- quantity","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence","spine pubescence10 KB (1,028 words) - 09:25, 30 July 2020
- quantity","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence or relief","spine shape"10 KB (957 words) - 09:25, 30 July 2020
- quantity","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence","spine pubescence11 KB (1,195 words) - 09:25, 30 July 2020
- reflectance","species derivation","spine architecture or shape","spine arrangement","spine course","spine presence","spine variability","stem architecture"10 KB (940 words) - 09:25, 30 July 2020
- "pedicel fusion","pedicel presence","perianth texture","spine height or length or size","spine length or size","stamen position","stem architecture","stem7 KB (518 words) - 06:12, 30 July 2020
- developing lateral wings or crests and, in some species, facial tubercles or spines; stamens 5; filaments connate into cylindric to flask-shaped, 5-lobed tube12 KB (736 words) - 09:42, 30 July 2020
- length","seed width","spine atypical quantity","spine coloration","spine fixation or orientation","spine pubescence","spine quantity","spine some measurement"3 KB (781 words) - 09:19, 30 July 2020
- to lanceolate, margins entire, apices acute, tipped by ascending, spreading or reflexed, flattened spines. Receptacles flat, epaleate, bristly. Florets:8 KB (464 words) - 20:01, 29 July 2020
- cordate, margins plane, toothed, each with 6-13 teeth 1-2 (-3) mm tipped with spines to 1-2.4 × 0.1-0.2 mm, apex acute or broadly acuminate. Inflorescences7 KB (553 words) - 08:33, 30 July 2020
- "side prominence or shape","spine architecture","spine arrangement","spine course","spine life cycle","spine quantity","spine shape","stem atypical width"4 KB (806 words) - 09:22, 30 July 2020
- "pedicel fusion","pedicel presence","perianth texture","spine height or length or size","spine length or size","stamen position","stem architecture","stem8 KB (397 words) - 06:10, 30 July 2020
- "seed some measurement","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine course","spine duration","spine pubescence","spine shape","stem architecture"6 KB (648 words) - 09:14, 30 July 2020
- bushy, rarely nearly simple, 0.3–1 (–2) m; each node with paired, divergent spines (modified bracts) to 1.5 (–2.5) cm. Leaves: petiole ± equaling or longer9 KB (730 words) - 09:41, 30 July 2020
- "segment shape","spine atypical quantity","spine coloration","spine course","spine fragility or size","spine orientation","spine presence","spine quantity","spine4 KB (714 words) - 09:17, 30 July 2020
- size","spine architecture","spine atypical length","spine atypical some measurement","spine duration","spine length","spine prominence","spine relief"7 KB (820 words) - 09:21, 30 July 2020
- "receptacle prominence","row quantity","scale duration","sorus arrangement","spine quantity","spore architecture","spore quantity","stature growth form or habitat"22 KB (1,068 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
- size","spine architecture","spine atypical length","spine atypical some measurement","spine duration","spine length","spine prominence","spine relief"7 KB (831 words) - 09:20, 30 July 2020
- "segment duration","segment fragility","spine architecture","spine duration","spine fragility","spine presence","spine texture","stamen quantity","stamen shape"3 KB (663 words) - 09:15, 30 July 2020
- quantity","spine orientation","spine shape","stem orientation","stem presence","stem size or width","stem texture","tip architecture","tip architecture8 KB (952 words) - 19:58, 29 July 2020
- strongly purplish glandular-bristly with longer glandless bristles among gland-tipped hairs; styles connate to middle, 6–8 mm, glabrous. Berries not palatable10 KB (660 words) - 13:07, 30 July 2020
- separated, linear to triangular-ovate, dentate to lobed proximally, main spines slender, 2–7 mm, faces green to gray, thinly to densely arachnoid-tomentose11 KB (831 words) - 19:56, 29 July 2020
- "pedicel fusion","pedicel presence","perianth texture","spine height or length or size","spine length or size","stamen position","stem architecture","stem8 KB (540 words) - 06:12, 30 July 2020
- prominence or shape","receptacle pubescence","series quantity","spine duration","spine height or length or size","staminode presence","stem orientation"5 KB (530 words) - 20:01, 29 July 2020
- "properties":["abaxial spine arrangement","abaxial spine shape","adaxial spine arrangement","adaxial spine coloration","adaxial spine life cycle","adaxial spine shape"5 KB (778 words) - 09:15, 30 July 2020
- 8–2 mm, apex apiculate; ovary with longer, glandless bristles among gland-tipped hairs; styles connate nearly to middle, 8–10 mm, glabrous. Berries palatable9 KB (551 words) - 13:04, 30 July 2020
- "pedicel fusion","pedicel presence","perianth texture","spine height or length or size","spine length or size","stamen position","stem architecture","stem6 KB (546 words) - 06:10, 30 July 2020
- or size","spine architecture","spine atypical length","spine duration","spine length","spine prominence","spine relief","spine shape","spine texture","spine10 KB (1,105 words) - 09:20, 30 July 2020
- measurement","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence","spine pubescence15 KB (1,377 words) - 09:25, 30 July 2020
- measurement","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine prominence","spine relief or texture","spine size","stem relief"7 KB (779 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
- strongly subcordate, secondary-veins 5-8 (-12) pairs, each terminating in spine, basal pairs recurving, others branching at 45° angles, raised abaxially7 KB (695 words) - 08:47, 30 July 2020
- coating","series quantity","spine course","spine size","stem architecture","stem orientation","stem pubescence","stem quantity","style tip atypical some measurement"4 KB (745 words) - 19:57, 29 July 2020
- Fruits elongate-cuneate achenes, apically 2-lobed, each lobe tipped with 1-3 sharply reflexed spines; inflorescences virgate spikelike racemes; ovary 1-carpellate10 KB (597 words) - 09:11, 30 July 2020
- appressed to spreading appendages 0.5–1 mm wide, spine tips 1–1.5 mm, inner with unarmed, straight tips. Corollas purple or ± white, 11–16 mm, lobes ca7 KB (763 words) - 20:19, 29 July 2020
- glabrous, sometimes sparsely pilose, thorn-tipped, axillary thorns solitary, with 0–1 nodes, 2–10 mm; stipular spines absent. Leaves deciduous, alternate, sometimes7 KB (510 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
- size","spine architecture","spine atypical length","spine atypical quantity","spine atypical some measurement","spine course","spine duration","spine length"6 KB (812 words) - 09:20, 30 July 2020
- coating","series quantity","spine orientation","spine some measurement","stem coloration","stem pubescence","stem quantity","style tip some measurement","throat6 KB (893 words) - 19:56, 29 July 2020
- "secretory petal shape","seed coloration","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence","spine size","stamen coloration","stamen variability"6 KB (478 words) - 18:30, 29 July 2020
- appendages stramineous to brown, scarious, fringed with slender teeth, tipped by slender spines 1–5 mm. Innermost phyllaries unarmed with brown, expanded, lacerate6 KB (558 words) - 20:03, 29 July 2020
- auriculate. Phyllary appendages spreading, ovate, 1–4 cm including long-tapered spine tips. Corollas 26–35 mm; tubes 13–25 mm, throats campanulate, 2–3 mm, lobes5 KB (659 words) - 20:00, 29 July 2020
- presence","seed quantity","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine prominence","spine relief or texture","stem relief"9 KB (767 words) - 09:15, 30 July 2020
- pubescence","spine architecture","spine atypical some measurement","spine coloration","spine life cycle","spine pubescence","spine shape","spine some measurement"3 KB (678 words) - 09:18, 30 July 2020
- membranous, margins 1-serrate, eglandular, rarely gland-tipped, teeth 12–17 per side, sometimes gland-tipped, apex acute to subacuminate, abaxial surfaces green12 KB (1,044 words) - 13:51, 30 July 2020
- "petal size","secretory petal shape","seed coloration","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine size","stamen coloration","stamen variability","stem6 KB (474 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
- "petal size","secretory petal shape","seed coloration","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence","stamen coloration","stamen variability"7 KB (535 words) - 18:13, 29 July 2020
- taproot duration","root taproot fragility or size","series quantity","spine fragility","spine some measurement","stem fragility or size","stem orientation","stem4 KB (719 words) - 20:31, 29 July 2020
- shape","lobe orientation","lobe shape","lobe some measurement","main spine size","main spine some measurement","pappus some measurement","patch coloration","peduncle3 KB (735 words) - 19:56, 29 July 2020
- "segment duration","segment fragility","spine architecture","spine duration","spine fragility","spine presence","spine texture","stamen quantity","stamen shape"8 KB (746 words) - 09:15, 30 July 2020
- coating","series quantity","spine course","spine size","stem architecture","stem orientation","stem pubescence","stem quantity","style tip atypical some measurement"3 KB (670 words) - 19:58, 29 July 2020
- measurement","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine prominence","spine relief or texture","spine size","stem relief"4 KB (768 words) - 09:17, 30 July 2020
- "runner root architecture","series quantity","spine course","spine orientation","spine shape","spine size","spine some measurement","stem orientation","stem5 KB (848 words) - 19:57, 29 July 2020
- "segment duration","segment fragility","spine architecture","spine duration","spine fragility","spine presence","spine texture","stamen quantity","stamen shape"7 KB (763 words) - 09:14, 30 July 2020
- size","spine architecture","spine atypical length","spine coloration","spine duration","spine length","spine prominence","spine relief","spine shape","spine11 KB (1,315 words) - 09:20, 30 July 2020
- size","spine architecture","spine atypical length","spine coloration","spine course","spine duration","spine length","spine prominence","spine relief"4 KB (790 words) - 09:19, 30 July 2020
- size","spine architecture","spine atypical length","spine coloration","spine course","spine duration","spine length","spine prominence","spine relief"3 KB (764 words) - 09:19, 30 July 2020
- distally glabrous to minutely scabridulous, spine tips 1–4 mm, inner phyllaries with unarmed, straight or twisted tips. Corollas purple, 15–28 mm, lobes 2.5–310 KB (1,021 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
- distally glabrous or minutely ciliolate, spine tips 1–2 mm, inner phyllaries with erect, straight, unarmed tips. Corollas pinkish, 10–14 mm; lobes 1.5–28 KB (810 words) - 20:22, 29 July 2020
- distally scabrous on midribs and margins, spine tips 1–3 mm, the inner straight, erect, with unarmed or minutely armed tips. Corollas ± purple, 14–16 mm; lobes8 KB (789 words) - 20:21, 29 July 2020
- measurement","minor spine atypical quantity","minor spine length","seed coloration","seed length","seed shape","seed width","spine architecture","spine fragility5 KB (831 words) - 09:18, 30 July 2020
- truncate, margins strongly crispate, toothed, each with 3-8 teeth 2-8 mm tipped with spines to 2-4.8 × 0.4-0.6 mm, apex rounded or obtuse. Inflorescences racemose7 KB (559 words) - 08:34, 30 July 2020
- "pedicel fusion","pedicel presence","perianth texture","spine height or length or size","spine length or size","stamen position","stem architecture","stem6 KB (502 words) - 06:10, 30 July 2020
- "receptacle prominence","row quantity","scale duration","sorus arrangement","spine quantity","spore architecture","stature growth form or habitat","stature7 KB (385 words) - 00:30, 30 July 2020
- "receptacle prominence","row quantity","scale duration","sorus arrangement","spine quantity","spore architecture","stature growth form or habitat","stature5 KB (507 words) - 00:25, 30 July 2020
- "seed quantity","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine prominence","spine relief or texture","spine shape","stem7 KB (721 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
- shape","series quantity","stem architecture","stem orientation","tip fusion","tip shape","tip texture","ultimate margin shape","whole-organism duration","whole-organism6 KB (697 words) - 23:09, 29 July 2020
- "series quantity","spine presence","spine quantity","spine some measurement","stem orientation","stem pubescence","stem quantity","style tip some measurement"6 KB (969 words) - 20:54, 29 July 2020
- obtuse or truncate, margins plane, toothed, with 6-24 teeth 0.5-3 mm tipped with spines to 0.6-2.8 × 0.1-0.25 mm, apex rounded, rarely obtuse or even broadly7 KB (608 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
- undulate or crispate, toothed or lobed, with 2-4 teeth 1-4 mm high tipped with spines to 1.2-2 × 0.2-0.3 mm, apex narrowly acute or acuminate. Inflorescences7 KB (558 words) - 08:35, 30 July 2020
- margins plane, toothed or lobed, with 1-3 teeth or lobes 3-7 mm high tipped with spines to 1-2 × 0.2-0.3 mm, apex narrowly acute or acuminate. Inflorescences6 KB (522 words) - 08:21, 30 July 2020
- margins strongly crispate, toothed or lobed, with 2-5 teeth 2-6 mm high tipped with spines to 0.8-2.2 × 0.2-0.3 mm, apex obtuse to acuminate. Inflorescences6 KB (520 words) - 08:33, 30 July 2020
- truncate, margins undulate, toothed, each with 6-12 teeth 1-4 mm, tipped with spines to 1.6-2.8 × 0.2-0.3 mm, apex acute to rounded-obtuse. Inflorescences6 KB (469 words) - 08:23, 30 July 2020
- when moist, loosely sheathing at base, linear-lanceolate, ending in a short spine; sheath not strongly differentiated, with gradually sloping shoulders, toothed8 KB (721 words) - 06:46, 30 July 2020
- pyriform, 2–3 mm, ± pilosulous, spines or tubercles 3–5+, near middles or distal, ± conic to acerose, 0.1–0.5+ mm, tips straight. 2n = 34, 36. Phenology:7 KB (709 words) - 23:01, 29 July 2020
- fusion","pedicel presence","perianth texture","seed shape","spine height or length or size","spine length or size","stamen position","stem architecture","stem5 KB (399 words) - 06:10, 30 July 2020
- presence","seed quantity","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine prominence","spine relief or texture","stem relief"11 KB (942 words) - 09:15, 30 July 2020
- "receptacle prominence","row quantity","scale duration","sorus arrangement","spine quantity","spore quantity","spore relief","stature growth form or habitat"8 KB (357 words) - 00:29, 30 July 2020
- rest (sometimes interpreted as paleae) proximally connate, their distinct tips mostly ± hooked (the distal 1–3 usually longer, stouter, and not hooked)7 KB (591 words) - 23:08, 29 July 2020
- "seed quantity","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine prominence","spine relief or texture","spine size","stem relief"7 KB (798 words) - 09:17, 30 July 2020
- "perianth texture","petiole presence","pistil architecture","root architecture","spine orientation","stamen atypical quantity","staminode presence","stem architecture13 KB (1,114 words) - 10:09, 30 July 2020
- diameter","segment duration","segment fragility","spine architecture","spine duration","spine presence","spine texture","stamen quantity","stamen shape","stem7 KB (713 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
- transversely elongate hinge-cells in the tapering portion; limb ending in a short spine; marginal lamina erect, 1-stratose, the marginal teeth consisting of a single13 KB (883 words) - 06:46, 30 July 2020
- cm wide, ± covering phyllary bodies, lacerate fringed, sometimes tipped by weak spines 1–2 mm, glabrous. Florets many; corollas yellow; corollas of sterile7 KB (641 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
- texture","petiole architecture","petiole presence","pistil architecture","spine orientation","stamen atypical quantity","staminode presence","stem architecture"11 KB (761 words) - 10:08, 30 July 2020
- size or width","series quantity","spine some measurement","stem architecture","stem pubescence","stem quantity","style tip some measurement","trichome pubescence"4 KB (685 words) - 19:58, 29 July 2020
- size or width","series quantity","spine some measurement","stem architecture","stem pubescence","stem quantity","style tip some measurement","trichome architecture"4 KB (671 words) - 19:58, 29 July 2020
- size or width","series quantity","spine some measurement","stem architecture","stem pubescence","stem quantity","style tip some measurement","trichome pubescence"4 KB (697 words) - 19:58, 29 July 2020
- Burs: bodies ± fusiform, 6–8+ mm, stipitate-glandular, spines 60–80+, scattered, subulate, 4–6 mm, tips uncinate. 2n = 36. Phenology: Flowering Mar–May. Habitat:5 KB (572 words) - 15:28, 15 December 2020
- 3–5+ mm, pilosulous and/or glanddotted, spines 12–25+, scattered, ± subulate (± navicular at bases), 2–4 mm, tips straight. 2n = 36, 72, 108, 126. Phenology:5 KB (573 words) - 23:49, 29 July 2020
- densely villous and stipitate-glandular, spines 12–20+, scattered or mostly distal, ± subulate, 3–4 mm, tips straight. 2n = 36. Phenology: Flowering Apr–May(–Jul)6 KB (575 words) - 23:56, 29 July 2020
- Burs: bodies ± globose, 6–8 mm, stipitate-glandular, spines 40–50+, scattered, subulate, 4–6 mm, tips straight or ± uncinate. 2n = 36. Phenology: Flowering5 KB (552 words) - 23:34, 29 July 2020
- "properties":["abaxial spine arrangement","abaxial spine shape","adaxial spine arrangement","adaxial spine coloration","adaxial spine life cycle","adaxial spine shape"5 KB (752 words) - 09:15, 30 July 2020
- architecture","perianth texture","pistil architecture","root architecture","spine orientation","stamen atypical quantity","staminode presence","stem architecture5 KB (738 words) - 10:10, 30 July 2020
- size","spine architecture","spine atypical length","spine atypical quantity","spine duration","spine length","spine prominence","spine relief","spine shape"9 KB (1,071 words) - 09:20, 30 July 2020
- 70–100 stamens, unbranched styles, and ovaries and capsules covered with soft spines and reddish orange glandular scales. Sapium haematospermum Müller Arg. from24 KB (1,347 words) - 18:25, 29 July 2020
- length","seed reflectance","seed width","spine atypical some measurement","spine course","spine presence","spine some measurement","stem architecture","stem9 KB (843 words) - 09:27, 30 July 2020
- presence","scale quantity","seed reflectance","spine atypical some measurement","spine course","spine presence","spine some measurement","stem atypical width"8 KB (798 words) - 09:27, 30 July 2020
- "perianth texture","petiole presence","pistil architecture","root architecture","spine orientation","staminode presence","stem architecture or function or pubescence"8 KB (986 words) - 10:08, 30 July 2020
- course or shape","margin architecture or shape","marginal spine fragility or size","marginal spine size","outer phyllary shape","outer phyllary texture","pappus4 KB (664 words) - 20:16, 29 July 2020
- "properties":["abaxial spine shape","abaxial spine size","adaxial spine arrangement","adaxial spine coloration","adaxial spine life cycle","adaxial spine shape","adaxial4 KB (697 words) - 09:15, 30 July 2020
- "properties":["abaxial spine shape","adaxial spine arrangement","adaxial spine coloration","adaxial spine life cycle","adaxial spine shape","adaxial spine size","adaxial4 KB (740 words) - 09:15, 30 July 2020
- size","spine architecture","spine atypical length","spine atypical quantity","spine atypical some measurement","spine duration","spine length","spine prominence"6 KB (779 words) - 09:20, 30 July 2020
- or not at all recurved distally, brownish (often observed as brown flower tips), apex blunt. Utricles flask-shaped, 4.2–5 × 2.5–5 mm, with irregularly dentate7 KB (637 words) - 09:42, 30 July 2020
- long-attenuate, margins plane, entire or toothed, each with 3-12 teeth 0-1 mm high tipped with bristles to 0.4-1.4 × 0.1-0.2 mm, apex acute to obtuse or rounded;6 KB (455 words) - 08:31, 30 July 2020
- Association Plants 1–2 m. Stems erect, tomentose with gland-tipped, bristly hairs; spines at nodes absent; prickles on internodes absent. Leaves: petiole8 KB (523 words) - 12:58, 30 July 2020
- coating","series quantity","spine orientation","spine some measurement","stem coloration","stem pubescence","stem quantity","style tip some measurement","throat4 KB (748 words) - 19:57, 29 July 2020
- prairie-like habitats; the latter can be distinguished by its smaller heads and spine-tipped phyllary apices. Because of that, the name Aster ericoides has been misapplied14 KB (1,010 words) - 21:05, 29 July 2020
- "segment duration","segment fragility","spine architecture","spine duration","spine fragility","spine presence","spine texture","stamen quantity","stamen shape"3 KB (693 words) - 09:15, 30 July 2020
- quantity","spine orientation","spine shape","stem orientation","stem presence","stem size or width","stem texture","tip architecture","tip architecture6 KB (756 words) - 19:59, 29 July 2020
- quantity","spine orientation","spine shape","stem orientation","stem presence","stem size or width","stem texture","tip architecture","tip architecture5 KB (729 words) - 19:59, 29 July 2020
- quantity","spine orientation","spine shape","stem orientation","stem presence","stem size or width","stem texture","tip architecture","tip architecture6 KB (772 words) - 19:59, 29 July 2020
- quantity","spine course","spine orientation","spine shape","spine size","spine some measurement","stem orientation","stem quantity","style tip some measurement"5 KB (856 words) - 19:57, 29 July 2020
- "seed width","spine architecture","spine atypical some measurement","spine coloration","spine life cycle","spine pubescence","spine shape","spine some measurement"10 KB (978 words) - 09:17, 30 July 2020
- "seed quantity","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine prominence","spine relief or texture","spine shape","stem7 KB (717 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
- "segment duration","segment fragility","spine architecture","spine duration","spine fragility","spine presence","spine texture","stamen quantity","stamen shape"8 KB (727 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
- size or width","series quantity","spine some measurement","stem architecture","stem pubescence","stem quantity","style tip some measurement","trichome pubescence"6 KB (808 words) - 19:58, 29 July 2020
- "petiole architecture","pistil architecture","root size","soil orientation","spine orientation","staminode presence","stem architecture","stigma architecture9 KB (834 words) - 10:50, 30 July 2020
- texture","petiole architecture","petiole presence","pistil architecture","spine orientation","stamen atypical quantity","staminode presence","stem architecture10 KB (808 words) - 10:08, 30 July 2020
- "perianth texture","petiole presence","pistil architecture","root architecture","spine orientation","staminode presence","stem architecture or function or pubescence"9 KB (874 words) - 10:08, 30 July 2020
- measurement","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine prominence","spine relief or texture","spine size","stem relief"8 KB (716 words) - 09:18, 30 July 2020
- appressed, spines or terminal appendages spreading to reflexed, bodies entire or with expanded, ± scarious, ± pectinately fringed terminal appendages, tips merely11 KB (802 words) - 20:51, 29 July 2020
- quantity","spine orientation","spine shape","stem orientation","stem presence","stem size or width","stem texture","tip architecture","tip architecture8 KB (854 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
- quantity","spine orientation","spine shape","stem orientation","stem pubescence","stem size or width","tip architecture","tip architecture or shape","tip shape"6 KB (738 words) - 19:59, 29 July 2020
- coating","series quantity","spine course","spine size","stem architecture","stem orientation","stem pubescence","stem quantity","style tip atypical some measurement"4 KB (701 words) - 19:58, 29 July 2020
- measurement","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine prominence","spine relief or texture","spine size","stem relief"8 KB (784 words) - 09:17, 30 July 2020
- size","spine architecture","spine atypical length","spine atypical some measurement","spine duration","spine length","spine prominence","spine relief"8 KB (830 words) - 09:19, 30 July 2020
- quantity","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence"6 KB (806 words) - 09:23, 30 July 2020
- size","spine architecture","spine atypical length","spine atypical quantity","spine atypical some measurement","spine duration","spine length","spine prominence"7 KB (806 words) - 09:20, 30 July 2020
- shape","spine architecture","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine coloration or pubescence or relief","spine pubescence9 KB (853 words) - 09:27, 30 July 2020
- measurement","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine prominence","spine relief or texture","spine size","stem relief"9 KB (825 words) - 09:17, 30 July 2020
- size","spine architecture","spine atypical length","spine atypical quantity","spine atypical some measurement","spine duration","spine length","spine prominence"6 KB (793 words) - 09:20, 30 July 2020
- spreading, 1–1.5 (–2) mm, narrowly conic in proximal 1/2 with white, scabrous spine; staminodes filiform, 0.7–1 mm; style 1, cleft in distal 1/5, 1.4–1.5 mm7 KB (631 words) - 10:47, 30 July 2020
- broadly rounded to notched, awn erect, white, 0.3–0.6 (–1) mm, ± glabrous spine; staminodes filiform, 0.7–0.9 mm; style 1, cleft in distal 1/3, 0.8–1 mm6 KB (620 words) - 10:46, 30 July 2020
- "petiole architecture","petiole presence","pistil architecture","root texture","spine orientation","staminode presence","stem architecture or function or pubescence"7 KB (527 words) - 10:04, 30 July 2020
- architecture","perianth texture","pistil architecture","root architecture","spine orientation","stamen atypical quantity","staminode presence","stem architecture6 KB (698 words) - 10:09, 30 July 2020
- orientation","stem pubescence","style tip some measurement","throat some measurement","tip arrangement","tip course","tip shape","tip size","trichome architecture"4 KB (704 words) - 20:33, 29 July 2020
- flexuous, erose-denticulate tips. Corollas purple (white), 30–48 mm, tubes 17–30 mm, throats 6.5–11 mm, lobes 5–7 mm; style tips 5–7 mm. Cypselae stramineous10 KB (861 words) - 19:58, 29 July 2020
- pubescence","seed width","spine architecture","spine atypical some measurement","spine life cycle","spine pubescence","spine shape","spine some measurement","stem8 KB (811 words) - 09:18, 30 July 2020
- pubescence","seed width","spine architecture","spine atypical some measurement","spine life cycle","spine pubescence","spine shape","spine some measurement","stem7 KB (703 words) - 09:17, 30 July 2020
- toothed or shallowly lobed, each with 2-4 teeth or lobes 1-3 mm high tipped with spines to 1.2-1.6 × 0.2-0.3 mm, apex obtuse or rounded; surfaces abaxially5 KB (438 words) - 08:38, 30 July 2020
- truncate or weakly cordate, margins plane, toothed, with 2-7 teeth 3-8 mm tipped with spines to 1.4-4 × 0.3-0.6 mm, apex acuminate. Inflorescences racemose, dense6 KB (450 words) - 08:48, 30 July 2020
- "runner root architecture","series quantity","spine course","spine orientation","spine shape","spine size","spine some measurement","stem orientation","stem7 KB (938 words) - 19:57, 29 July 2020
- "stem-leaf orientation","stem-leaf shape","terminal spine presence","terminal spine prominence","terminal spine size","whole_organism coloration","whole_organism7 KB (625 words) - 07:48, 30 July 2020
- "seed development","seed pubescence","spine atypical some measurement","spine life cycle","spine pubescence","spine shape","stem segment arrangement or shape"10 KB (958 words) - 09:17, 30 July 2020
- measurement","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine prominence","spine relief or texture","spine size","stem relief"7 KB (754 words) - 09:18, 30 July 2020
- quantity","spine orientation","spine shape","stem orientation","stem presence","stem size or width","stem texture","tip architecture","tip architecture9 KB (1,166 words) - 19:59, 29 July 2020
- to thickly stipitate-glandular with slender, usually reddish to purplish-tipped hairs, rarely glabrous; styles connate to middle, 1.4–2 mm, glabrous. Berries11 KB (654 words) - 13:02, 30 July 2020
- pungent setae,” “prickly-hairy”), prickles, or spines (“setose-spinulose,” “appressed and dense spines”). My examination of cleared leaves of C. vulgare10 KB (888 words) - 20:23, 29 July 2020
- measurement","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine architecture or shape","spine prominence","spine relief or texture","spine size","stem relief"7 KB (708 words) - 09:17, 30 July 2020
- quantity","seed some measurement","spine architecture or pubescence or relief","spine prominence","spine relief or texture","spine size","stem relief","stem shape"8 KB (775 words) - 09:17, 30 July 2020
- to few toothed or lobed, well separated by wide, U-shaped sinuses, main spines slender, 2–5 mm, abaxial faces gray-tomentose, adaxial green, glabrous to10 KB (783 words) - 20:46, 29 July 2020
- wide sinuses, obtuse to acute, sometimes coarsely toothed or lobed, main spines slender, 1–3 mm, faces thinly arachnoid, soon glabrescent; basal often present9 KB (762 words) - 20:55, 29 July 2020
- larger usually with broad sinuses, lobes broad, few lobed or dentate, main spines 3–8 mm, abaxial faces gray-tomentose, adaxial thinly arachnoid-tomentose9 KB (694 words) - 19:55, 29 July 2020
- spreading, entire or spinulose to remotely few-toothed or sharply lobed, main spines slender, 1–5 mm, abaxial faces white-tomentose, adaxial green, villous with9 KB (719 words) - 20:34, 29 July 2020
- 1–2 times pinnately lobed, lobes linear to ovate, strongly undulate, main spines slender, 5–15 mm, faces often glaucous, glabrous or thinly tomentose and8 KB (663 words) - 20:00, 29 July 2020
- to broadly triangular, spiny-dentate or larger shallowly 3–5-lobed, main spines 2–12 mm, abaxial faces glabrous, adaxial glabrous; basal present at flowering9 KB (701 words) - 20:00, 29 July 2020
- "runner root architecture","series quantity","spine course","spine orientation","spine shape","spine size","spine some measurement","stem orientation","stem5 KB (795 words) - 19:57, 29 July 2020
- "runner root architecture","series quantity","spine course","spine orientation","spine shape","spine size","spine some measurement","stem orientation","stem5 KB (807 words) - 19:57, 29 July 2020
- pubescence","receptacle relief","receptacle shape","series quantity","spine fragility","spine fragility or size","stem architecture","stem orientation","throat6 KB (600 words) - 20:12, 29 July 2020
- pubescence","receptacle relief","receptacle shape","series quantity","spine fragility","spine fragility or size","stem architecture","stem orientation","throat5 KB (520 words) - 20:14, 29 July 2020
- oblong extension of midrib in proximal 1/4, with white, wavy, threadlike spine; staminodes filiform, ca. 1 mm; style 1, cleft in distal 3/4, ca. 0.5 mm6 KB (625 words) - 10:33, 30 July 2020
- fusion","pedicel presence","perianth texture","seed quantity","spine height or length or size","spine length or size","stem architecture","stem location","stigma8 KB (651 words) - 06:10, 30 July 2020
- "rhizoid relief","spore some measurement","terminal abaxial spine architecture","terminal abaxial spine length","whole_organism size"]},{"rank":"family","nam8 KB (753 words) - 07:42, 30 July 2020
- "perianth texture","petiole presence","pistil architecture","root architecture","spine orientation","stamen atypical quantity","staminode presence","stem architecture7 KB (726 words) - 10:09, 30 July 2020
- or size","spine architecture","spine atypical length","spine duration","spine length","spine prominence","spine relief","spine shape","spine texture","spine9 KB (1,111 words) - 09:20, 30 July 2020
- rigidly spreading, undivided or with 1–2 pairs of coarse teeth or lobes, main spines 5–15 mm, faces gray-tomentose, sometimes glabrate; basal often present at10 KB (790 words) - 19:57, 29 July 2020
- lobes few, lanceolate to triangular-ovate, shallowly lobed or dentate, main spines bristlelike, fine, innocuous, 3–6 mm, abaxial glabrous to villous with septate8 KB (719 words) - 20:26, 29 July 2020
- "petiole architecture","pistil architecture","root size","soil orientation","spine orientation","staminode presence","stem architecture","stigma architecture13 KB (1,147 words) - 10:35, 30 July 2020
- truncate, margins plane or undulate, toothed, with 2-10 teeth 1-3 mm tipped with spines to 1.6-3 - 0.3-0.4 (-0.5) mm, apex obtuse or rounded, rarely broadly6 KB (462 words) - 08:24, 30 July 2020
- rounded-obtuse, margins plane or undulate, lobed, with 1-2 teeth 5-13 mm high tipped with spines to 2-3.4 × 0.3-0.4 mm, apex acuminate. Inflorescences racemose, rather6 KB (473 words) - 08:44, 30 July 2020
- margins plane, finely serrate, each with (8-) 16-30 teeth 0-1 mm high tipped with spines or bristles to 0.6-1.4 × 0.1 mm, apex rounded or obtuse; surfaces7 KB (565 words) - 08:39, 30 July 2020
- margins plane or undulate, toothed, each with 4-11 teeth 0-1 mm high tipped with spines to 0.4-2 × 0.1-0.2 mm, apex acuminate. Inflorescences racemose, lax6 KB (506 words) - 08:25, 30 July 2020
- margins undulate or crispate, toothed, each with 2-5 teeth 1-4 mm high tipped with spines to 1.2-3 × 0.2-0.3 mm, apex rounded to acute. Inflorescences racemose6 KB (563 words) - 08:42, 30 July 2020
- truncate, margins plane to crispate, toothed, each with 3-5 teeth 1-5 mm tipped with spines to 1.2-3.8 × 0.2-0.6 mm, apex acute to rounded. Inflorescences racemose6 KB (450 words) - 08:21, 30 July 2020
- margins plane or undulate, toothed, each with 3-8 teeth 0.5-2 mm high tipped with spines to 0.6-1.2 × 0.1-0.2 mm, apex rounded to acuminate. Inflorescences6 KB (522 words) - 08:45, 30 July 2020
- margins undulate or crispate, toothed, each with 9-15 teeth 1-3 mm tipped with spines to 1.4-2.4 × 0.2-0.4 mm, apex truncate or broadly rounded. Inflorescences6 KB (478 words) - 08:42, 30 July 2020
- narrowly oblong, 1–1.8 mm, apex blunt; ovary densely villous with some gland-tipped bristles; styles connate 1/2 their lengths, 4–6 mm, glabrous. Berries palatability8 KB (445 words) - 13:02, 30 July 2020
- gland-tipped bristles; styles connate 3/4 their lengths, 10–20 mm, glabrous. Berries palatability not known, purplish, globose, 12 mm, spiny (spines with8 KB (504 words) - 13:14, 30 July 2020
- orientation","stem pubescence","style tip some measurement","throat some measurement","tip arrangement","tip course","tip shape","tip size","trichome architecture"5 KB (864 words) - 20:34, 29 July 2020
- coating","series quantity","spine orientation","spine some measurement","stem coloration","stem pubescence","stem quantity","style tip some measurement","throat6 KB (943 words) - 19:57, 29 July 2020
- coating","series quantity","spine orientation","spine some measurement","stem coloration","stem pubescence","stem quantity","style tip some measurement","throat6 KB (827 words) - 19:57, 29 July 2020
- "pedicel fusion","pedicel presence","perianth texture","spine height or length or size","spine length or size","stamen position","stem architecture","stem6 KB (490 words) - 06:12, 30 July 2020
- fusion","pedicel presence","perianth texture","seed quantity","spine height or length or size","spine length or size","stamen position","stem architecture","stigma6 KB (547 words) - 06:14, 30 July 2020
- "series quantity","spine height or length or size","spine some measurement","stem orientation","stem pubescence","stem quantity","style tip some measurement"3 KB (693 words) - 20:00, 29 July 2020
- "series quantity","spine height or length or size","spine some measurement","stem orientation","stem pubescence","stem quantity","style tip some measurement"4 KB (719 words) - 20:00, 29 July 2020
- "series quantity","spine height or length or size","spine some measurement","stem orientation","stem pubescence","stem quantity","style tip some measurement"4 KB (729 words) - 20:00, 29 July 2020
- hairy, bristly, bristles often gland-tipped; spines at nodes 3, 6–12 mm; prickles on internodes dense, often gland-tipped. Leaves: petiole 0.5–1.5 cm, pubescent8 KB (435 words) - 13:07, 30 July 2020
- long, soft hairs adaxially, lobes rounded, margins crenate, with gland-tipped teeth, apex rounded. Inflorescences erect, spike or headlike, 15–25-flowered8 KB (455 words) - 12:58, 30 July 2020
- not pruinose, glabrous, thorn-tipped, axillary thorns solitary, with 0–1 nodes, without tertiary thorns, stipular spines absent. Leaves deciduous, alternate6 KB (421 words) - 18:15, 29 July 2020
- secondary branches reddish, glabrescent, not thorn-tipped, axillary thorns absent; stipular spines usually present, straight or curving, 15–40 mm, solitary6 KB (457 words) - 18:13, 29 July 2020
- becoming brown, tomentose, glabrescent, not thorn-tipped, axillary thorns absent; stipular spines usually present, straight or recurving, 2–3 mm, solitary7 KB (499 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
- small trees, 1–2 m; secondary branches gray, not pruinose, glabrous, thorn-tipped, axillary thorns solitary or paired and unequal, with 1–3 nodes, bearing6 KB (442 words) - 18:20, 29 July 2020
- "rhizoid relief","spore some measurement","terminal abaxial spine architecture","terminal abaxial spine length","whole_organism coloration","whole_organism size"]}10 KB (890 words) - 07:43, 30 July 2020
- sinuses, sometimes coarsely dentate or lobed proximally, obtuse to acute, main spines slender to stout, 1–5 mm, abaxial faces arachnoid tomentose, adaxial glabrous9 KB (762 words) - 20:37, 29 July 2020
- triangular, coarsely dentate or with a few broad lobes, obtuse to acute, main spines 1–5 mm, abaxial faces green or gray, thinly tomentose, adaxial green and10 KB (737 words) - 19:57, 29 July 2020
- laciniate-pinnatifid, lobes broadly triangular to linear-lanceolate, main spines 1–6 mm, abaxial white-tomentose, adaxial faces ± green, thinly to densely9 KB (738 words) - 20:39, 29 July 2020
- to lanceolate, acute to acuminate, irregularly few toothed or lobed, main spines 2–3 mm, abaxial faces thinly tomentose or glabrate, villous with septate10 KB (857 words) - 20:28, 29 July 2020
- broadly triangular, spinulose to spiny-dentate or shallowly lobed, main spines 3–12 mm, abaxial faces green and subglabrous to gray or white-tomentose10 KB (805 words) - 19:58, 29 July 2020
- spreading, linear, remote, margins revolute, entire or minutely spinulose, main spines 1–2 mm, faces gray-tomentose, more densely so abaxially; basal present or9 KB (704 words) - 20:41, 29 July 2020
- separated by broad sinuses, few toothed or lobed, margins often revolute, main spines slender, 3–5 (–9) mm, abaxial faces white-tomentose, adaxial green, glabrous10 KB (739 words) - 20:36, 29 July 2020
- linear-lanceolate to ovate-triangular, spreading, entire to coarsely dentate, main spines slender to stout, 3–30 mm, faces ± gray-tomentose, sometimes ± glabrate;11 KB (980 words) - 19:56, 29 July 2020
- triangular, sometimes coarsely toothed or lobed toward base, acuminate, main spines slender, 1–5 mm, abaxial faces gray-tomentose, adaxial glabrous or sparsely10 KB (810 words) - 20:35, 29 July 2020
- spinulose to few toothed or lobed near base, margins often revolute, main spines 2–3 (–6) mm, abaxial faces densely gray-tomentose, adaxial green, thinly9 KB (691 words) - 20:44, 29 July 2020
- toothed to shallowly pinnatifid, lobes undivided or coarsely few-toothed, main spines 3–6 mm, abaxial faces often ± glabrate, loosely arachnoid when young, adaxial9 KB (770 words) - 20:29, 29 July 2020
- linear-lanceolate, rigidly spreading, entire or trifid, acuminate, main spines stout, 5–15 mm, abaxial faces tomentose with fine, non-septate trichomes7 KB (624 words) - 19:59, 29 July 2020
- to linear-lanceolate, spinulose to spiny-dentate or shallowly lobed, main spines slender, 2–8 mm, abaxial faces glabrous to thinly tomentose and villous8 KB (715 words) - 19:58, 29 July 2020
- to deeply pinnatifid, lobes entire or coarsely few toothed or lobed, main spines slender, 3–6 mm, abaxial ± persistently gray-tomentose, sometimes pilose8 KB (697 words) - 20:45, 29 July 2020
- proximal cauline pinnatifid, lobes undivided, finely spinulose-dentate, main spines 1–2 mm, abaxial faces white-tomentose (with non-septate trichomes), adaxial8 KB (681 words) - 20:25, 29 July 2020
- lobes broadly triangular to linear-lanceolate, often revolute-margined, main spines 1–7 mm, abaxial faces white-tomentose, adaxial faces green, thinly tomentose9 KB (785 words) - 20:38, 29 July 2020
- deeply pinnatifid, lobes narrow, spreading, coarsely dentate or lobed, main spines 2–5 mm, abaxial faces thinly tomentose but often wholly glabrate in age9 KB (713 words) - 20:37, 29 July 2020
- spreading, triangular, coarsely dentate or lobed, obtuse to acute, main spines slender, 4–10 mm, abaxial faces green or gray-tomentose, villous with septate8 KB (654 words) - 19:57, 29 July 2020
- 6–16 × 1–3.5 cm, unlobed to sinuate-dentate or shallowly pinnatifid, main spines 1–4 mm, fine, faces ± green, shaggy-villous with septate trichomes, abaxial8 KB (694 words) - 20:29, 29 July 2020
- broadly triangular, spinulose to spiny-dentate or shallowly lobed, main spines 2–10 mm, abaxial faces usually ± densely gray or white-tomentose with felted10 KB (838 words) - 19:58, 29 July 2020
- "perianth texture","petiole presence","pistil architecture","root architecture","spine orientation","stamen atypical quantity","staminode presence","stem architecture7 KB (720 words) - 10:10, 30 July 2020
- "perianth texture","petiole presence","pistil architecture","root architecture","spine orientation","stamen atypical quantity","staminode presence","stem architecture8 KB (775 words) - 10:10, 30 July 2020
- size or width","series quantity","spine some measurement","stem architecture","stem pubescence","stem quantity","style tip some measurement","trichome architecture"5 KB (692 words) - 19:58, 29 July 2020
- "perianth texture","petiole presence","pistil architecture","root architecture","spine orientation","stamen atypical quantity","staminode presence","stem architecture"11 KB (812 words) - 10:09, 30 July 2020
- "petiole architecture","pistil architecture","root size","soil orientation","spine orientation","staminode presence","stem architecture","stigma architecture19 KB (884 words) - 10:50, 30 July 2020
- shape","lobe orientation","lobe shape","lobe some measurement","main spine size","main spine some measurement","pappus some measurement","patch coloration","peduncle3 KB (657 words) - 19:56, 29 July 2020
- mm, tubes 10–17 mm, throats 4–5 mm, lobes filiform with knoblike tips, 3–5 mm; style tips 2–4 mm, included or exserted (only 1–2 mm beyond corolla lobes)10 KB (884 words) - 19:58, 29 July 2020
- triangular-ovate, spinulose to few-toothed or few-lobed near base, main spines 1–7 mm, abaxial faces glabrous to densely gray-tomentose, adaxial green12 KB (987 words) - 20:24, 29 July 2020
- "perianth texture","petiole presence","pistil architecture","root architecture","spine orientation","stamen atypical quantity","staminode presence","stem architecture"13 KB (1,076 words) - 10:08, 30 July 2020
- "petiole architecture","pistil architecture","root size","soil orientation","spine orientation","staminode presence","stem architecture","stigma architecture9 KB (856 words) - 10:36, 30 July 2020
- wide (with 2–3 rows of tubercles or spines), faces proximally tuberculate, muricate in distal 1/3–1/2, distalmost spines sometimes very sharp, fused in pairs8 KB (681 words) - 20:10, 29 July 2020
- size or width","series quantity","spine some measurement","stem architecture","stem pubescence","stem quantity","style tip some measurement","trichome pubescence"5 KB (688 words) - 19:58, 29 July 2020
- when moist; costa slender, percurrent, smooth abaxially, ending in a short spine; margins of sheath entire proximally, not hyaline-margined, at shoulders11 KB (652 words) - 06:46, 30 July 2020
- ovatelanceolate to elliptic-oblong, abruptly acuminate at the apex, ending in a short spine, the margins coarsely and sharply serrate to the middle or below; costa percurrent10 KB (767 words) - 06:46, 30 July 2020
- bodies appressed, spines slender, abruptly spreading, 3–4 mm; apices of inner phyllaries spreading, narrow, flattened, entire, spines spreading, slender12 KB (1,091 words) - 20:27, 29 July 2020
- pyriform, 1–2 mm, strigillose to pilosulous, spines (1–) 5–12+, mostly distal, stoutly conic to subulate, 0.5–1 mm, tips uncinate. 2n = 72, 108. Phenology: Flowering5 KB (590 words) - 23:05, 29 July 2020
- flattened, 1.5–2.5 (–4) mm, finely scabrellous, spines (1–) 8–12+, scattered, stoutly conic, 0.5–1+ mm, tips straight. Phenology: Flowering Jun–Sep. Habitat:5 KB (579 words) - 23:03, 29 July 2020
- to ± globose, 2–3+ mm, glabrous or strigose, spines (1–) 3–5+, scattered, stoutly conic, 0.4–0.8+ mm, tips straight (often each with black nerve). 2n =5 KB (575 words) - 23:04, 29 July 2020
- bodies ± fusiform, 2–2.5 mm, strigillose, spines or tubercles 0 or 1–5, mostly distal, stoutly conic, 0.1–0.5 mm, tips straight. 2n = 72. Phenology: Flowering5 KB (579 words) - 23:06, 29 July 2020
- mm, tomentulose and stipitate-glandular, spines 8–20+, scattered, ± subulate (basally navicular), 1–2 mm, tips straight or uncinate. Phenology: Flowering5 KB (563 words) - 22:30, 29 July 2020