perennial, bulbose; bulbs with 1–several large fleshy scales and 0–many small scales (often called rice-grain bulblets). Stem 1, erect, simple, absent in nonflowering
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ciliate; ligules 0.2-1.8 mm, of hairs; blades usually 2-5 cm, sometimes with prominent white, cartilaginous margins. Spikelets 1.1-1.7 mm, ellipsoid to narrowly
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stipitate-glandular; sepals 8–10, ascending to spreading, linear-oblong or linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, elliptic, or ovate; petals 8–10 (–12), deciduous or
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Malaxis spicata, Malaxis unifolia, Malaxis wendtii Solander ex Swartz Prodr., 8, 119. 1788. Paul M. Catling, Lawrence K. Magrath Common names: Adder’s-mouth
9 KB (493 words) - 05:30, 30 July 2020
tapered-columnar (P. cottamii), papillate-swollen in proximal 1/10 (–1/3 in P. cottamii), (1–) 1.5–2.5 (–3) mm. Achenes smooth to ± rugose. sw United States
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ridged on 1 side, subglobose, rounded, coarsely and irregularly pitted, minutely granulate or granulate-reticulate, coat with crust. x = 7, 8. w North America
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secondary branching fanlike, branches 3–10 (–22) cm, third internode 2–15 (–23) × 1–3.5 (–5) mm, dominant shoot 1–6 mm diam. at base. Staminate pedicels absent
14 KB (1,109 words) - 18:24, 29 July 2020
Willdenow Enum. Pl. 1: 333. 1809. Claude Lefèbvre, Xavier Vekemans Illustrated Basionym: Statice maritima Miller Gard. Dict. ed. 8, Statice no. 3. 1768
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to 50 cm (exclusive of inflorescence). Leaves 1–2 with 1–3 foliaceous bracts; blade 12–40 × 2–8 cm, leathery. Inflorescences to 50 cm; bracts 0.5–1.3 cm
5 KB (514 words) - 05:32, 30 July 2020
micrantha, Nolina microcarpa, Nolina parryi, Nolina texana Michaux Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 207. 1803. William J. Hess Common names: Beargrass Etymology: for Abbé C.
10 KB (569 words) - 06:10, 30 July 2020
with spikelets confined to the distal 1/5 – 1/3 (1/2). Spikelets 2.5-8.2 mm, laterally compressed; florets (1) 2-5 (6), normal, bisexual; rachilla internodes
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narrowly rhombic-elliptic, (2–) 4–7 (–8) cm, subcoriaceous or thin, base cuneate to rounded or tapered, lobes 0 or 1–3 per side, sinuses vary in depth (deepest
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solid, not fistulose, (0.1–) 1–2 dm, tomentose to floccose, occasionally glabrous. Leaves cauline, 1 per node; petiole 0.1–1.5 cm, tomentose to floccose;
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Berries black, not glaucous, subglobose, 1.5–2.5 cm diam., pubescent. Seeds light red, trianguloid, ca. 0.8 cm. 2n = 30. Phenology: Flowering Feb–Mar; fruiting
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often several cm from stem apex, at adaxial edges of areoles (or at axillary end of short areolar groove), funnelform, 2.5–8.5 (–10) cm; outer tepals margins
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proximally; nectary extrastaminal, [4–] 5 glands; stamens [4–] (7–) 10 [–12] in [1–] 2 whorls, connate proximally forming androphore; staminodes 0–5, at apex
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white, rarely red or tinged red, without spots, fading pink or red; stamens 8 in 2 unequal series, episepalous ones rarely abortive (E. minor), anthers versatile
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diminutive, alluding to cap-shaped fruit Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 108. Mentioned on page 43, 46, 47, 77, 84, 85, 105, 109
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mostly 1–8 cm, longer in fruit; involucellar bractlets linear, (2.5–) 4–10 (–15) mm. Flowers bisexual or pistillate; calyx 4.5–13 mm, lobes 3.2–11 × 1.5–4
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3–6 × 1.5–2.5 mm, margins entire, apex acuminate, glandular; petals white, pink, rose, or purple, oblong-ovate, clawed, abaxial pair (3–) 5–10 × 1.8–3 (–5)
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of (5–) 8 scales in 2, abruptly unequal series, longest scales (1–) 2–8 mm. 2n = 12. Generated Map Legacy Map Calif., nw Mexico Varieties 5 (5 in the flora)
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occasionally inrolled) when dry, erect-patent to spreading when moist, (1.5–) 2–8 (–12) mm, 0.5–1.2 mm wide at mid-limb; cells of the sheath lamina longer and narrower
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the Bothriochloa saccharoides complex (Poaceae: Andropogoneae). Syst. Bot. 8:168-184 de Wet, J.M.J. 1968. Biosystematics of the Bothriochloa barbinodis
11 KB (927 words) - 04:24, 30 July 2020
46. Mentioned on page 8, 9, 10, 11, 206. Annuals, 2–48 cm (taprooted). Stems erect to ascending, simple or branched on proximal 1/2, glabrous or sparsely
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Involucres campanulate to hemispheric, 5–25 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 8–13 or 21–34 in 2 series (spreading to erect in fruit, distinct, mostly lance-linear
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flowering) petiolate, 15–50 × 10–25 cm; cauline petiolate or sessile, mostly lobed to pinnatifid, sometimes not lobed, 8–40 × 3–20 cm. Heads (2–25) in loose, corymbiform
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scaly, 1.4–5.1 × 3.9–19 cm, 0.2–0.6 times taller than long; scales sometimes unsegmented but always some 2–4-segmented on each bulb, longest 1–3.3 cm; stem
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connate ca. 1/2 to nearly their entire lengths, white or cream to pink, corolla urceolate to campanulate, lobes much shorter than tube; stamens 8 or 10, included
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ovules [1–] 2 per locule, 1-seriate. Capsules 2–3-valved, 2–3-locular. Seeds [1-] 2 per locule; hilum punctiform; embryotega abaxial. x = 6–8. se United
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Volume 20. Treatment on page 353. Mentioned on page 17. Perennials, 30–200+ cm (rhizomatous, stoloniferous, or with basal offshoots). Stems erect to ascending
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or spatulate or elliptic, or oblong, (0.4–) 1–2 (–4) × 0.1–0.8 cm, tomentose to floccose or glabrous abaxially, floccose to thinly floccose or glabrous
13 KB (1,055 words) - 10:37, 30 July 2020
pitchers maroon to red-veined on adaxial proximal 1/2 or not distinctly colored, 0.8–9 × 0.8–8.8 cm, apiculum to 1 mm. Phyllodia typically absent, sometimes produced
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Phyllaries 0, vestigial, or 1–4, unequal or subequal (similar to paleae). Receptacles cylindric to clavate (heights 2.8–8 times diams.), glabrous. Pistillate
11 KB (678 words) - 20:39, 29 July 2020
(–32) mm; tube 8–17 mm; beak usually long-exserted, adaxially green or pink, 8–15 mm; abaxial lip deep green, reduced, inconspicuous, 1–2.5 mm, 5–20% as
13 KB (773 words) - 18:50, 29 July 2020
spiraled, 1–3.5 mm, with 1 vein or fewer than 10 widely spaced longitudinal veins, membranous. Styles 3-fid. Achenes trigonous to nearly terete, 0.5–1.1 mm,
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deepening proximally; filaments 0.8–1.8 cm; anthers (2–) 4–5 mm; style 1.8–2 cm; stigma equaling or rarely extending more than 1 mm beyond anthers; pedicel (2–)
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strongly revolute, distal 2/3 to whole length evenly incised 1/2–3/4+ to midvein, teeth 2–8 per side, surfaces ± to strongly dissimilar, abaxial usually
16 KB (1,082 words) - 14:02, 30 July 2020
intergrading with phyllaries). Involucres campanulate to cylindric, 2–5 [–8+] mm diam. Phyllaries 5–13+ in ± 2 series (erect or reflexed in fruit), lanceolate
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proximal 1/4–3/4+ or only at base, if at all, 0.8–1.2 (–1.5) mm. Achenes smooth to rugose. North America, ne Mexico, Eurasia, n Africa Species ca. 20 (8 in the
17 KB (1,336 words) - 14:03, 30 July 2020
± hairy. Ray-florets 8–15 (–21); corollas 9–19 mm. Disc-florets 25–200+; corollas yellow, 2.7–4.3 mm. Cypselae 2–4 mm; pappi of 5–8 obovate to oblanceolate
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4–40 (–45) [–250] × 8–30 [–80] cm, apical region appearing copiously woolly (shortly velvety in E. texensis) [glabrous]; ribs (7–) 8–27 [–60+], very prominent
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Herbs, 8-80 cm, densely pubescent to nearly glabrous, producing stolons. Basal leaves 5-60 cm; petiole 2-40 cm; blade elliptic-oblong, 1-25 × 1-12 cm, base
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thorild-wulffii Sternberg & Hoppe Denkschr. Königl.-Baier. Bot. Ges. Regensburg 1(1): 65. 1815. James G. Harris Etymology: For Franz Gabriel de Bray, 1765–1832
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Oreg., Utah, Wash., Wyo., disjunct to e Que. (Mingan Archipelago) Varieties 8 (8 in the flora). Cirsium scariosum is a widely distributed complex of intergrading
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3. Aerial shoots (20-) 30-50 cm, from tubers, tubers ±vertical. Basal leaves 3-6, 1- (nearly 2) -ternate; petiole 8-15 cm; terminal leaflet petiolulate
7 KB (465 words) - 08:43, 30 July 2020
rhombic, oblong, or ovate, 1-8 × 0.8-3 (-3.5) cm, bases narrowly cuneate to cuneate, margins crenate to serrate on distal 1/2 (-2/3), apex acuminate to
7 KB (508 words) - 08:41, 30 July 2020
free portion 5–10 mm; anthers bluish; style 1; stigma 5-lobed. Capsules subglobose, 1.2–1.6 × 1.2–1.8 cm, apex round to conic, pubescent. Seeds brown
7 KB (578 words) - 13:08, 30 July 2020
Stylophyllum Britton & Rose New N. Amer. Crassul. 33. 1903 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 173. Mentioned on page 172, 177, 179, 192. Stems above ground
6 KB (516 words) - 12:54, 30 July 2020
Calif., Colo., Idaho, Mont., N.Mex., Oreg., Utah, Wash., Wyo. Varieties 8 (8 in the flora). Pedicularis bracteosa is found in subalpine habitats across
8 KB (574 words) - 19:28, 29 July 2020
deciduous, distinct, equal; petals unequal (adaxial pair larger); stamens 8–32; filaments inserted on gynophore, (unequal), glabrous; anthers (ellipsoid)
6 KB (350 words) - 12:06, 30 July 2020
Culms 14-80 cm, usually glabrous, erect or geniculate at the base, with (1) 2-4 (5) nodes. Sheaths open; auricles ciliate; ligules 0.2-0.8 mm, membranous
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Spikelets 1.1-2.1 mm, obovoid to ellipsoid, yellowish-green to olivaceous or purplish, variously pubescent, obtuse or subacute. Lower glumes usually 1/4 - 1/2
16 KB (1,305 words) - 04:02, 30 July 2020
Cyathia solitary at distal nodes; peduncle 0.7–1.5 mm. Involucre turbinate to campanulate, 0.8–1 × 1.1–1.3 mm, glabrous or hairy; glands 4, green to yellow-green
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1 Culms 200-700 cm tall; inflorescences plumose, 30-130 cm long Cortaderia 1 Culms 2-100 cm tall; inflorescences not plumose, 0.5-12 cm long. > 2 2 Lemmas
3 KB (589 words) - 04:50, 30 July 2020
apices abruptly acuminate. Lower glumes 1.3-2.4 mm, 1/2 - 3/4 as long as the spikelets, 3-5-veined; upper glumes 1.8-3.3 mm, 7-11-veined; lower florets sterile;
9 KB (1,188 words) - 04:06, 30 July 2020
membrane high, 1/2–2/3 exostome length, segments same height as exostome, widely perforated, cilia 2 or 3, appendiculate. Spores shed singly, 8–20 µm, smooth
16 KB (845 words) - 07:38, 30 July 2020
corollas violet to purple, laminae 8–18 (–20) × 1–2 mm. Disc-florets 50–150; corollas yellow, 4–7 mm, lobes triangular, 0.4–1 mm. Cypselae brown, cylindric
9 KB (786 words) - 21:09, 29 July 2020
Capsules ovoid, 1.5–2.2 × 1.4–1.6 cm, apex acute, pubescent. Seeds reddish-brown, winged, planoconvex, (7–) 8–10 × 5–7 mm, dull, wing 0.1–1 mm wide. 2n =
8 KB (589 words) - 13:08, 30 July 2020
curved (O. argillicola), narrowly lanceoloid or ovoid, bluntly 4-angled, (3–) 4–8 [–12] mm diam. Seeds in 2 rows per locule, dark-brown to almost black, prismatic
15 KB (1,325 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
weakly keeled or somewhat weakly keeled; anthers 3,1.5-3.5 mm, or aborted late in development and 0.8-1.8 mm. Species of Poa subsect. Secundae usually have
4 KB (966 words) - 03:24, 30 July 2020
Heads radiate [discoid], borne singly. Involucres turbinate to hemispheric, 8–14 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 12–20 in 2–3 series (ovate or oblong, ±
7 KB (546 words) - 23:00, 29 July 2020
truncate or obtuse and usually ciliolate, or acute and not ciliolate; blades 0.8-8 mm wide, mostly flat, sometimes folded, moderately thin, abruptly ascending
9 KB (1,042 words) - 03:23, 30 July 2020
5–) 2–3.3 (–4) cm × (0.7–) 1–1.5 (–2) mm; style slender, 0.2–0.8 (–1) mm. Seeds 0.8–1 × 0.4–0.5 mm. Generated Map Legacy Map Alta., N.W.T., Nunavut, Sask
8 KB (834 words) - 12:22, 30 July 2020
on page 573, 583, 588, 589, 591, 603, 610, 625, 664. Herbs, perennial, (0.8–) 1–5 (–6) dm; from a branched, woody caudex; with a taproot. Stems few-to-many
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(–9) × 4.5–6.5 (–8) cm; basal plate 1–3 cm; neck 4–6 cm; tunic grayish brown. Leaves deciduous, 3–9, erect, (2–) 3–6.7 dm × (0.8–) 1.5–3.2 cm, coriaceous;
9 KB (763 words) - 05:57, 30 July 2020
terete, (0.8–) 1.4–6.5 (–8) cm × 1–1.3 (–2) mm; ovules 14–40 per ovary; style usually cylindrical, rarely subclavate, 0.5–1.3 (–3.2) mm. Seeds (1–) 1.2–2 (–2
11 KB (853 words) - 12:01, 30 July 2020
when young, widest at least 2 mm wide, glabrous or papillose. Inflorescences 1 spike or racemose, to 5 spikes; bracts absent; lateral spikes pistillate or
10 KB (539 words) - 01:25, 30 July 2020
more so abaxially; lateral leaflets unlobed or 1×-lobed or parted; ultimate lobes 8-25 (-35) mm wide. Flowers: sepals usually 5, green, yellow, or red
10 KB (661 words) - 08:36, 30 July 2020
flower, not 1-sided, (1.5–) 3–25 cm, usually longer in fruit; bracts linear to ovatelanceolate or oblong, undivided, 2-fid, or divided, 2–8 (–12) mm, not
12 KB (722 words) - 11:33, 30 July 2020
± conduplicate, folded around and falling with cypselae). Ray-florets 0 or 8–25 (–40), neuter; corollas yellow. Disc-florets 80–100 (–200+), bisexual, fertile;
9 KB (624 words) - 23:10, 29 July 2020
Roots 2-9-branched at least 1 cm from stem attachment, (5-) 10-30 (-40) cm, diffuse-fibrous, ± braided, dry; buds minute. Stems 1 (-2) per root, usually unbranched
8 KB (520 words) - 08:47, 30 July 2020
suboblong, 0.4–2.8 × 0.1–1.7 mm, base auriculate to subamplexicaul, margins entire or dentate, apex obtuse to subacute. Racemes 0.5–25 cm, (congested or
10 KB (918 words) - 12:35, 30 July 2020
374. Annuals or perennials, 5–120 cm; taprooted or with caudices (in perennial species; M. borealis rhizomatous). Stems 1–30+, erect, simple or relatively
15 KB (826 words) - 20:23, 29 July 2020
leaf 13.5–86.2 (–101.2) × 0.4–1.9 cm. Spadix (3.8–) 4.9–8.9 cm × 5.3–10.8 mm at anthesis, post-anthesis spadix 5.5–8.7 cm × 6–12.6 mm. Flowers 3–4 mm; pollen-grains
6 KB (514 words) - 00:57, 30 July 2020
oblanceolate, 3–4.8 × 0.8–1.4 mm; filaments brownish, 2.8–4 mm, flat; anthers 0.8–1 mm, slightly curved; gynophore (stipe) 0.3–0.8 mm; ovary ovoid, 1–1.2 mm; style
6 KB (384 words) - 12:05, 30 July 2020
Leaves: petiole 1–8 mm; blade bright green, shiny, narrow-elliptic (rhombic) or lanceolate-elliptic to widely elliptic, 0.8–3 × 0.4–1.5 cm, base rounded
6 KB (560 words) - 13:12, 30 July 2020
Inflorescences racemes or panicles, of 1–15 whorls, floating or emersed, 1.5–28 × 1.5–15 cm; peduncles 15–47 cm; bracts distinct or connate less than ¼
8 KB (514 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
proximalmost (8–) 11–23 (–36) mm. Flowers: sepals recurved or spreading after flowering, (1.8–) 2.5–4.1 (–6) mm; petals linear to narrowly spatulate, (8–) 10.7–16
9 KB (881 words) - 13:48, 30 July 2020
or urceolate, 3–8+ mm diam. (subtended by calyculi of 5–12+ usually spine-tipped bractlets). Phyllaries falling or persistent, 5–75+ in 1 series (lanceolate
9 KB (671 words) - 23:40, 29 July 2020
longitudinal ridges angular with median rib; teeth not marcescent, (6-) 7-8, erect, 0.3-0.8 mm. Young permanent shoots with erect to spreading teeth. Flowers unisexual
6 KB (458 words) - 08:34, 30 July 2020
not glanddotted. Heads 1–3. Peduncles 9–50 cm. Involucres hemispheric, 10–22 mm diam. Phyllaries 20–30, lanceolate, 8–17 × 1–3 mm, apices acute to long-attenuate
8 KB (741 words) - 23:15, 29 July 2020
hirsute; petals 5-14, yellow, 5-13 × 1.5-8 mm. Heads of achenes hemispheric, 3-7 × 5-9 mm; achenes 2.6-3.6 (-4.8) × 1.8-3 (-3.2) mm, glabrous, rarely hispid
7 KB (605 words) - 08:30, 30 July 2020
spineless; scales 1–20 (–34), broad, scarious; pulp colorless; floral remnant persistent. Seeds black or nearly so, spheric or hemispheric, 1.8–2.5 mm; testa
11 KB (859 words) - 09:22, 30 July 2020
relatively thick; petals 5 (–8) [–14], distinct or connate proximally; nectary disc absent; stamens (50–) 75–125 (–150), in 1–5 bundles or not bundled, connate
10 KB (598 words) - 13:08, 30 July 2020
Racemes 4–15 cm; peduncle 1–5 cm; pedicel 2–8 mm. Flowers: sepals white or green to pink or purplish, elliptic or oblong to oblanceolate or obovate, 1.5–3.5 mm;
5 KB (434 words) - 09:13, 30 July 2020
glabrous. Leaves: petiole 1.6-12.5 cm; leaflets mostly 5, petiolules 0.2-2.2 cm, blades oblong to ovate-elliptic, 0.7-8.2 × 0.4-4.2 cm, base rounded, margins
6 KB (437 words) - 08:26, 30 July 2020
proximal to middle, oblong, 1.5–1.8 × 0.8–1 mm, apex obtuse; petals oblong-obovate, 0.5–0.6 × 0.2–0.4 mm, apex obtuse; lip 1 × 1 mm, base broadly cordate
8 KB (658 words) - 05:29, 30 July 2020
Stems 2–6 (–8) cm, 0.5–4 mm wide across leafy stem. Leaves 0.7–4 × (0.2–) 0.4–2 mm; alar cells spheric, oval, quadrate, or rectangular, in 1–8 vertical rows
7 KB (581 words) - 07:50, 30 July 2020
(–4) series (outermost, when present, 0.1–1 mm, outer distally attenuate, 3–7 mm, inner distally clavate, 3–8 mm). x = 9. w, e North America Species 5
11 KB (857 words) - 21:31, 29 July 2020
Leaves deciduous; petiole 0.7–1 cm; blade dark green and glossy adaxially, broadly ovate to elliptic, (5–) 6–15 × 2.5–8 cm, thin, apex acute to acuminate
7 KB (560 words) - 13:05, 30 July 2020
sheaths (2.1) 3.1-4.6 (6.7) cm long, (1.7) 3-3.8 (5.6) mm wide; peduncles usually (1) 4-6 (30) mm, with 2-7 rames; rames (0.5) 1.7-2.8 (4.4) cm, sometimes
8 KB (952 words) - 04:26, 30 July 2020
to narrowly elliptic, 5–8.5 × 3–4 cm, margins entire; style disc yellow-green, 6–8 cm diam. Capsules 1.4–2 cm diam. Seeds 1.8–2.5 mm. 2n = 26. Phenology:
8 KB (760 words) - 13:09, 30 July 2020
alluding to odor of rootstock in R. rosea Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 164. Mentioned on page 147, 149. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey
8 KB (450 words) - 13:00, 30 July 2020
Heads 1–many in loose to tight clusters (barely raised above rosette in dwarf plants). Peduncles 1–30 cm. Involucres ovoid to spheric, 1.5–5 × 1.5–8 cm,
10 KB (732 words) - 19:56, 29 July 2020
to pentagonal, 1-8 × 2-12 cm, pubescence variable; ultimate lobes 3-29, width 2-10 mm (basal), 1-7 mm (cauline). Inflorescences (3-) 8-27 (-94) -flowered;
8 KB (652 words) - 08:35, 30 July 2020
mm; achenes 1.4-2 × 1-1.6 mm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent; beak lanceolate or subulate, straight (sometimes curved when immature), 0.6-1.8 mm. Generated
6 KB (541 words) - 08:29, 30 July 2020
base, 2-6 × 1-4 mm, glabrous or hirsute; petals 5-12, 5-14 × 2-8 mm; nectary scales glabrous. Heads of achenes hemispheric to globose, 3-7 × 4-8 mm; achenes
6 KB (548 words) - 08:25, 30 July 2020
in bases of spathes, 1–3.2 × 0.8–1.5 cm, tapering into beak consisting of dried remnant of floral-tube. Seeds dark-brown, ribbed, 2.8–3.2 mm, lustrous, with
8 KB (757 words) - 06:06, 30 July 2020
truncate, occasionally 2-fid or 3-fid; petiole 0.1–6.9 (–15.2) cm; blade ovate to deltate, 1.2–7.7 × 0.8–7.8 cm, base cordate to truncate, margins crenate or
9 KB (670 words) - 11:17, 30 July 2020
flushed purple-maroon, 8–30 (–60) cm, sparsely or densely hairy, hairs mostly simple, bristly, to 3 mm. Leaf-blades unlobed, 1.5–6 cm, margins crenate-dentate
5 KB (489 words) - 11:26, 30 July 2020
Pistillate flowers borne in panicles 5–40 cm. Fruiting bracteoles 8–25 mm, as wide, on stipes 1–8 mm, with 4 prominent wings extending the bract length, united
8 KB (966 words) - 09:39, 30 July 2020
Leaves: petiole 1-3 cm. Central leaflet blade 4-11 × 4-8 cm, proximal margins entire, distal margins (1-) 3-4 (-8) -lobed. Inflorescences 2.5-5 cm excluding
4 KB (385 words) - 08:34, 30 July 2020
orifice, pollen-sacs opposite, (0.9–) 1.1–1.5 mm, sutures papillate; staminode 8–10 mm, reaching orifice, 0.9–1.2 mm diam., tip recurved, distal 4–6 mm
10 KB (737 words) - 19:07, 29 July 2020
sometimes not developed, flag leaf-blades well developed, longer than 1 cm. Inflorescences 3-40 cm, terminal panicles, open or contracted; branches straight or
13 KB (1,054 words) - 02:48, 30 July 2020
flexuous, 3–10 dm. Leaves: basal withering, 1–2 dm; blade linear. Inflorescences subumbellate, 1–6-flowered; bracts 4–8 cm, bases dilated. Flowers erect; perianth
7 KB (496 words) - 05:37, 30 July 2020
rugospermus); gynoecium 3 [–5] -carpelled, placentention free-central; style 1 [absent]; stigmas 1 or 3 [–5]. Capsules longitudinally dehiscent from apex, 3-valved;
14 KB (868 words) - 09:46, 30 July 2020
usually elliptic, sometimes lanceolate or oblanceolate, 3–6 × 1–2 cm. Racemes to 3 cm. Pedicels ca. 1 mm; bracts lanceolate, 3–7 mm. Flowers: sepals 3–4 mm, margins
5 KB (391 words) - 13:05, 30 July 2020
papillate-swollen or in proximal 1/5, (1–) 1.5–3 mm. Achenes smooth to ± rugose. w North America, n Mexico Species ca. 10 (8 in the flora). Section Concinnae
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sessile glands. Leaves: petiole 3–8 mm; blade dark green, not glaucous, dull, oblong-ovate to orbiculate-ovate, 2.5–3 × 1.5–2 cm, base usually cuneate, sometimes
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Treatment on page 456. Mentioned on page 8, 24, 385, 386, 388, 450, 454, 457, 4. Annuals, 1–15 (–20) cm. Stems 1, erect, or 2–10, ascending to ± prostrate
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inflexed; anthers 1-2-locular. Pistillate flowers: sepals or calyx lobes 4, ± connate; pistils 1, 1-2-carpellate; ovary 1, superior or inferior, 1 (-2) -locular;
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spikes 1–4; spikelets [20–] 50–150 per spike; involucral-bracts 1–4, spreading or erect, leaflike. Spikelets: scales (1–) 3, spirally arranged, 1 scale
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distally cylindric or slightly expanded (heights 0.8–1.3 or 4–6 times diams.), bristly (bristle lengths ± 1/2 palea lengths). Pistillate paleae persistent
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Association Rhizomes extensive, internodes 8–10 cm. Stems to 28 cm. Basal leaves 1–2, from rhizomes and proximal 5 cm of aerial stems, striate (from parallel
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costa obscure. Seta reddish, 1–2.5 (–3) cm. Capsule slightly inclined, reddish, cylindric, 1.8–2.5 (–2.8) mm; annulus 1–3-seriate; operculum conic to
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simple or compound anthelae or spikelet solitary; spikelets 1–50+; involucral-bracts (1–) 2–8, spreading or erect, leaflike or scalelike. Spikelets mostly
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in irregular clusters in proximal 0.5–4 mm, 1.8–8 mm, of unequal length, glabrous; anthers yellowish, 0.7–1.2 mm; styles 4, connate proximally, cylindric
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depressed-hemispheric, (3–12 ×) 4–16 mm. Phyllaries 40–150+ in 4–8 series, appressed, spreading, or reflexed, 1-nerved (flat to rounded or weakly keeled), linear-lanceolate
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lanceolate-ovate, 4–8 mm; petals white or cream (sometimes cream basally, aging or drying pink or lilac), obovate, obovate-cuneate, or obcordate, 8–16 mm, 1–1.5 times
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lobes slender, 0.2–1 mm; stamens borne on rim of calyx, nearly sessile or filaments to 1 mm; anthers yellow, 3–5 mm; bisexual: hypanthium 5–8 mm; calyx lobes
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serrate to deeply incised. Flowers 2.5–5 cm; hypanthium thick-walled, setose or not; sepals ovatelanceolate, 8–20 × (1–) 2–5 mm, margins pinnatifid, abaxial
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hairy, adaxials hairy, basal spur 0 (or 1). Seeds 8–16, oblong to ovate, sometimes prismatic or hourglass-shaped, 0.8–1.5 mm, margins thickened, inrolled. Generated
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thin, 2.5–4.8 × 1.1–2.6 cm, apex acute; filaments 1.7–2.2 cm, pubescent; anthers 3.2 mm; pistil slender, cylindric, 2.5–3.8 × 0.5–0.6 cm; style whitish
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distal (1/4–) 1/3 to whole leaf axis, overlapping or not, oblanceolate to obovate, oblong, cuneate, flabellate, or elliptic, margins flat, distal (1/4–) 1/2
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lobes 0.4–0.75 (–1) mm, glabrous or glabrate (hairs 0.1–0.35 mm). Cypselae monomorphic, obconic, compressed, 1.7–2.7 (–3.4) mm, ribs 4–8 (–10) (rarely brownish)
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whitish yellow to black, 0.1-1.5 mm diam., smooth, commonly proliferous and forming clones. Stems upright, forming caudex, to 1.6cm thick (cormlike in O. crotalophoroides);
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acute. Thyrses interrupted, cylindric, 0.5–23 cm, axis glabrous or retrorsely hairy, verticillasters 1–8 (–11), cymes 3–11-flowered, 2 per node; proximal
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× 0.5–8 mm, blade elliptic to obovate, oblanceolate, or linear, base tapered, apex acute to mucronate. Thyrses continuous, ± secund, 1–8 (–16) cm, axis
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peduncles of pistillate spikes exserted 0–9 cm; of staminate spikes exserted 0–9.5 cm; bracts 2–11.8 cm × 1.3–4.8 mm. Pistillate spikes: the proximal basal
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100–120+, white, smooth or barbellate bristles. x = 28. e North America Species 8 (8 in the flora). The name Cacalia Linnaeus has been misapplied to Arnoglossum
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spatulate, 1–4 × 0.3–1.8 (–2.3) cm, thick, margins almost entire or somewhat dentate, apex obtuse or acute, surfaces glabrous. Inflorescences 2–8-flowered;
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10 hairs more than 0.5 mm long at the apices. Spikelets 3.7-5.7 mm long, 1.3-1.8 mm wide, ovate to elliptic. Upper glumes equaling the lower lemmas, ovate
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or rounded, beaked or not, smooth or minutely papillose, glabrous; beak 0–1.8 (–2.2) mm, orifice entire or bidentate. Stigmas 3. Achenes trigonous, smaller
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triangular, 2–4 cm; peduncle 4 cm or shorter. Flowers 1 or 2–3 (–6) per cluster, erect, (2.9–) 3–5 cm; perianth yellow, tube funnelform, 8–11 (–14) × 5–8 (–13) mm
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petiole absent or 0.1–2 mm, glabrous or puberulent; blade ovate or oval to broadly elliptic or lanceolate, 1.5–4 × 0.3–1.2 (–1.8) cm, margins plane to slightly
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(usually lacerate) or of 1–4+ ovate to subulate, erose to lacerate (often basally connate) scales. x = 19. w North America Species 8 (8 in the flora). Some
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0.9–2.3 × 0.3–0.6 cm; limb lobes erect, 0.4–0.8 cm; filaments inserted near base of tube, bent in bud, exceeding tube by 1.2–3.1 cm; ovary 4–10 mm; style
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linear, elliptic, obovate, or oblong, rarely ovate or cupshaped, (0.6–) 0.8–5 cm, fleshy or not, margins plane, flat, 3–5 (–7) -lobed, apex rounded to obtuse
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Association Plants cespitose, 10–45 cm. Roots coarse. Stems 10–25 cm; sheaths 2–3, loose, inflated. Leaves: petiole 1–4 cm; blade narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate
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oblong, 2.5–7 × 1.1–2.2 cm; filaments 1–1.2 cm; anthers 3–3.2 mm, short-pubescent to papillate; pistil 2–3.5 cm; ovary ovoid, 2.5–3 cm, longer than broad;
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Association Plants usually annual, rarely perennial, 8–40 cm. Leaves: blade linear to oblanceolate, 0.8–5 × 0.05–0.2 cm, sometimes with hyaline basal teeth 0.2–0
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6-25 × 4-8 mm, glabrous; stamens 30-60. Heads of achenes spheric or nearly so; pedicel 1-6 (-8) cm. Achenes: body ellipsoid or ovoid, 2.5-4.5 × 1-1.5 mm,
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maturity. Central spikelets: glumes 14-26 mm long, 0.2-1.1 mm wide basally, setaceous distally; lemmas 5-8 mm, usually smooth or somewhat scabrous, sometimes
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5–20 (–30+) mm diam. Phyllaries persistent (outer) or falling with cypselae, 8–20+ in 2 series (outer [2–] 5 often ± connate, herbaceous, inner each investing
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Plants erect, 0.3–1.3 m. Rhizomes tuberous, thickened. Stem often branched above. Leaves: basal 4–8, cauline 1–8; sheath auriculate, 4.5–31 cm, margins and
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(cauline). Inflorescences (2-) 8-24 (-48) -flowered, cylindric; pedicel ± spreading, (0.5-) 1-3 (-6.8) cm, usually puberulent; bracteoles 2-7 (-16) mm from flowers
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Mentioned on page 7, 19, 394. Perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, 10–80 (–150) cm (taproots woody, branched, caudices persistent). Stems (often white-barked)
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panicles, diffuse, sometimes 1-sided, some branches longer than 1 cm. Spikelets 15-50 min, pedicellate, laterally compressed, with 1-6 (8) florets; rachillas not
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stamens 75–150, distinct or connate 1–2 mm proximally; pistil 5-carpellate; ovules 6–8 (–12) per locule; styles 1; stigmas 5-lobed. Capsules brown, subglobose
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short. Flowering-stems 6–15 cm, distal internode 4–8.5 cm. Sessile leaves submersed and thin, or emersed and thickened, 5–15 cm × 1–6 mm. Petiolate leaves and
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and smooth, older stems to 4 cm diam. Leaves: petiole slender, 1-7 cm. Leaf-blade ovate-elliptic to cordate, 2-13 × 1-8 cm (larger on vigorous shoots),
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Spikelets 1.8-3.8 mm long, 0.7-1.2 mm wide, ellipsoid to narrowly ovoid, light green to red-purple, glabrous, acute to acuminate. Lower glumes 0.6-1.2 mm,
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outer tepals 7–8 × 1.8–2.2 cm, margins smooth; inner tepals 7.5–8.5 cm × 3–3.5 cm, margins wavy; filaments 4.5–6.5 cm; anthers 5–7 mm; ovary 8–10 mm; style
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anthers oblong, 1.5–1.8 mm. Fruits linear, 2.5–4.5 cm × 1.4–2 mm; ovules 12–24 per ovary; style 4–6 mm. Seeds brown, oblong, 1.8–2 × 1–1.5 mm. Phenology:
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thickened, undulate ridge, dehiscent 1/3–7/8 their length; sessile or pedicellate. Seeds usually numerous, in (1 or) 2 rows per locule, obovoid to oblong
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usually recurved after flowering, (1.6–) 2.6–4.2 (–6.5) mm; petals oblanceolate to oblong, (4.9–) 7.2–9.8 (–14) × (1.6–) 2.6–3.1 (–5.3) mm; stamens (9–) 13–19
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ivory, obovate-oblong, (4.3–) 5.9–8.7 (–11.3) × (1.4–) 2.3–3.9 (–5) mm; stamens (14–) 18–21 (–22); styles (3–) 5, (1.8–) 2.3–3 (–3.6) mm; ovary apex densely
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appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 3. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Herbs 20–75 [–200+] cm, usually rhizomatous
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(terminal). Involucres broadly to depressed-hemispheric, 3.5–8 × 4–10 mm. Phyllaries 25–50 in 3–4 series, 1-nerved (midnerves barely evident; not keeled), unequal
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Association Trees, 8-20 m, frequently producing root suckers. Bark gray-brown, finely fissured and scaly. Branchlets drooping; segments 8-20 × 0.9-1.2 mm, glabrous
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entire; ecostate or costa single; medial laminal cells more than 5: 1. Seta redbrown, 0.8–2 cm. Capsule suberect, inclined, or rarely erect, symmetric; operculum
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falling with cypselae, conduplicate, scarious or chartaceous). Ray-florets 8–21, neuter; corollas ± yellow. Disc-florets 30–200+, bisexual, fertile; corollas
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deciduous, simple and usually 3-lobed or ternate; stipules ovate to lanceolate, 4–8 mm; blade margins dentate, serrate, or doubly serrate, abaxial surfaces sparsely
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Rhizomes present, creeping, sometimes with apical tubers. Culms 16–115 cm × 0.5–8.5 mm, spongy with transverse septa incomplete or often hollow with complete
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often brown proximally, bright green to yellow-green distally. Stems 0.5–3 (–8) cm; often matted with rhizoids proximally. Stem-leaves slender to oblong-lanceolate
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margin with 0–4 (–10) teeth on proximal 1/2 and (0–) 3–8 (–12) teeth in distalmost cm, largest teeth less than 1 mm, apex subacute to rounded and mucronate
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commonly 4–6-lobed; ovary 2–3-locular, ovules 1–2 per locule, 1-seriate. Capsules 2–3-valved, 2–3-locular. Seeds 1–2 per locule; hilum linear; embryotega lateral
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(–10) cm; perianth-tube green, (0.8–) 1–2 (–2.1) cm, increasing in diam., less than 1/4 perianth length, ca. 1/2 (1/3–2/3) filament length, ca. 1/2 (1/3–3/4)
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FNA Volume 26. Rosettes 1.5–3 × 1.5–4 dm. Leaves 12–30 × 1–3 cm; blade linearlanceolate; marginal teeth 2–12 (–15) mm, 1–2.5 cm apart; apical spine slender
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filiform [flattened]; staminodes absent between stamens and pistils; pistils 1-8, simple; ovules 4-15 per pistil; style present. Fruits follicles, usually
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proximally pectinate and/or ciliate). Phyllaries falling or persistent, 1–6 in 1 series (each partly enveloping a ray cypsela, commonly with simple and/or
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FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 38. Mentioned on page 13. Illustrator: Barbara Alongi Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants 1–3 m. Stems
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broadly ovate, 9–11 × 8–9 cm; labellum not obviously reflexed, broadly ovate, ca. 10 × 8–9 cm. Capsules irregularly ellipsoid, 5–6 × 4–4.5 cm. Seeds brown, nearly
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Association Stems 15–50 cm, glabrous or sparsely lanulose-puberulent (mostly on young growth), glandular. Leaves: petiole 3–8 cm, subglabrous to sparsely
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to resemblance of leaves of certain species Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 364. Illustrator: Barbara Alongi Copyright: Flora of North
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stems and branches, 1–6 (–8) -flowered. Pedicels enclosed in or exserted from ocreae, 1.5–5 mm. Flowers closed or semi-open; perianth 1.8–5.5 mm; tube 20–57%
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D. and E. M. Paulton. 1981. Dryopteris in North America. Fiddlehead Forum 8: 25--31. Montgomery, J. D. 1982. Dryopteris in North America. Part II. The
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corollas 3.5–6.5 mm, lobes 0.7–1.7 mm; style-branches 2.2–3.2 mm (exserted beyond spreading corolla lobes), appendages 0.8–1.5 mm (length shorter than stigmatic
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leaves ovate to ovatelanceolate, concave. Seta 3–8 mm, straight, smooth, slightly twisted when dry. Capsule 0.6–1 mm, ovate to shortly oblong-cylindric, straight;
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conical, ca. 5 mm; styles 1–1.8 mm; pedicel 1–3.5 cm. Capsules 5.5–9 mm, coriaceous. Seeds deep reddish-brown, 1–1.5 mm, with appendage 1–2 times longer than
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Acad. Arts 8: 635. 1873 (as Aplopappus) Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 57. Mentioned on page 52, 62. Plants 10–100 cm. Stems spreading
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sheaths glabrous or ciliate; ligules absent or shorter than 1 mm, of hairs; blades 3.5-14 cm long, 5-14 mm wide, usually thin, distant, spreading to reflexed
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intrastaminal nectary-discs papillose; anthers 1–2 mm; placenta entire. Capsules erect, 4-carpelled, cylindric to ovoid-oblong, 8–14 × 4–6 mm, apically 4-toothed, glabrous
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or not when wetted; cotyledons usually accumbent, rarely incumbent. x = 5, 8. North America, Europe, n, e Asia Species 10 (4 in the flora). The limits of
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stipules rudimentary; petiole 0.5–3 cm, glands absent at apex; blade lanceolate to suborbiculate, 1–5 (–8) × 0.8–2.8 (–3.5) cm, base rounded, margins entire
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sepals 4–8 (–10) mm, apex acute to long acuminate; petals (3–) 4–10 (–11) × (3–) 4–10 (–12) mm; filaments (1–) 1.5–2.5 (–3.5) mm, anthers 0.6–1.2 (–1.6) mm;
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or gray-striate) weakly 4-angled, ± obpyramidal (glabrous); pappi 0. x = 8. sw United States, Mexico Species 5 (4 in the flora). Heliomeris has often
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beyond rosettes, ovoid, 6–8.2 dm, glabrous, rarely slightly pubescent; peduncle scapelike, to 0.8 m. Flowers pendent, 5–13 cm, nearly as wide; perianth
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suborbiculate, 7–9 × 8–9 mm, base constricted; petals to 6 × 4 cm, apex rounded; filaments: free portion 8–14 mm. Capsules 1.4–1.5 × 1.5–1.7 cm. Seeds 4–7 × 3
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spatulate or obovate, 4–10 × 1.5–4 mm, (claw to 2 mm, toothless); filaments 2–4 mm. Fruits torulose, flattened, (1.5–) 2–4.5 cm × 0.8–1.8 mm; valves each with
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ciliate, obtuse. Ray-florets 2–8; laminae 4–4.5 × 0.4–0.6 mm. Disc-florets 8–20; corollas 3.5–4 mm, lobes 0.6–1.5 mm. Cypselae 1.5–2 mm, distinctly ridged,
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collars smooth or hairy; ligules (1) 2-5 (6) mm, truncate to obtuse, entire or lacerate; blades 8-40 cm long, (2) 3-8 (12) mm wide, flat, abaxial surfaces
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unawned or the awns no longer than 1 mm; calluses 0.4-0.8 mm; lemmas 4-8 mm, glabrous, mostly light tan or gray, often spotted or banded, beak not twisted
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surface with decurved setae 0.6–1.8 (–3) mm. Phyllodia absent. Scapes 22–79 cm, much longer than pitchers; bracts 0.5–0.8 cm. Flowers moderately fragrant
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suborbiculate, 4–8 × 2–8 mm, margins entire, serrate, or shallow-lobed. Heads usually borne singly (often obscured by the dense leaves), 7–8 (–10) × 3.5–7
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acute to acuminate; petiole 0.2–8.8 cm; blade reniform to reniform-cordate, ± ovate, deltate, or rhombic, 1.5–5.5 × 1.4–10 cm, base cordate, subcordate, truncate
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bristles surrounding, sometimes almost concealing, 1-4 spikelets; outer (lower) bristles, if present, in 1 or more whorls, terete or flattened; inner (upper)
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staminate inflorescences 2–6 cm; pistillate inflorescences 1–3 cm. Infructescences 4.5–12 cm; bracts 2.5–3.5 × 1.5–2.8 cm, lobes narrowly triangular, sharp-tipped
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Stolons (1–) 3–10 (–13) dm. Leaves: stipules 5–8 mm, sparsely villous; petiole 2–20 cm, pilose; leaflets petiolulate, (1–) 3–5 (–7) × (0.8–) 1–3 cm, abaxial
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spatulate, or rhombic, 1–15 × 0.5–1 cm; cauline leaves sessile, blade linear and 0.5–4 cm, or perfoliate and 10 cm or less diam. Inflorescences 1-bracteate; bract
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(rarely simple), with 2–8 lateral branches; spikes 15–50-flowered, erect, stipitate; floral bracts yellow-green, broadly ovate, 6–8 mm. Flowers diurnal; sepals
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compressed. Glumes membranous; lower glumes usually 1/4 - 2/5 as long as the spikelets (varying to more than 1/2 as long), unawned to minutely awn-tipped; upper
20 KB (1,801 words) - 03:59, 30 July 2020
radiate, borne singly or in loose, corymbiform arrays. Involucres ± rotate, 8–16 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 5–15 in 2 series (usually reflexed in fruit
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FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 7. Mentioned on page 6. Illustrator: Barbara Alongi Copyright: Flora of North America Association Shrubs 1–3 m. Stems erect
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J. N. Rose, New N. Amer. Crassul. 37. 1903 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 192. Mentioned on page 172, 173, 183, 186, 194. Stems underground
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apices acute to acuminate, abaxial faces hispid or scabrous. Ray-florets 8–21; corollas yellow. Disc-florets 35–150; corollas yellow. Cypselae 6–15 ×
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Involucres campanulate to ± hemispheric, 12–40 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, (8–) 12–26+ in 2–3+ series (subequal to unequal, outer usually surpassing inner)
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5–7 (–8.5) cm diam.; hypanthium globose to subglobose or ovoid, 4–10 × 5–8.5 mm, glabrous, eglandular, sometimes setose-glandular, neck (0–) 0.5–1.5 × 3–6
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corymbiform arrays. Involucres cylindro-campanulate (3–6.8 ×) 1.8–4.6 mm. Phyllaries 16–40 in 3–5 series (erect), 1-nerved, (midnerves raised, sometimes brownish
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awns (0.8) 1-3 (3.5) mm, terminal; paleas about as long as the lemmas, intercostal region scabrous or puberulent distally; anthers (0.5) 0.7-1.1 (1.3) mm;
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(–135) cm. Corms globose to elongate, 8–31 mm. Leaves: blade slightly curled transversely, linear, lanceolate, or seldom elliptic-lanceolate, 3–50 cm × 2–35
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adaxially with minute, glandular-hairs; stamens 6; filaments dimorphic, 4–8 mm, 3 longer and with dehisced anthers at anthesis, 3 shorter and with undehisced
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continuous or interrupted below; branches flexible, usually some longer than 1 cm; pedicels absent and the spikelets borne on a stipe, or present and terminating
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Flora of North America Association Plants 20–40 cm. Leaves usually 5–8 per shoot, primary divisions 3–6 × 2–5 cm, bases notably narrowed (stalklike), ultimate
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leaves 8–14 cm, sparsely puberulent; petiolules 1.5–3 mm, wrinkled, ± puberulent; leaflets 5–11, ovate to narrowly elliptic, larger 6–12.5 × 1.8–5 cm, apex
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alternate, dimorphic with shoot type, those of short-shoots in fascicles of 3–8, simple; petiole absent or present, distinct, sometimes obscured by decurrent
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bluish or purple, 5–8 (–9) mm, laminae not coiling or reflexing. Disc corollas 2.5–5 mm (–6.8 mm in var. nevadincola). Cypselae 1.7–3.5 mm (–4.5 mm in
8 KB (783 words) - 21:58, 29 July 2020
0.9–1.5 (–2.2) mm, glabrous; anthers white, oblong, 1.1–2 mm, apex minutely apiculate; ovary glabrous; styles connate almost to stigmas, (8.5–) 9.8–12.5
11 KB (723 words) - 12:55, 30 July 2020
of blade, (1–) 3–8 (–13) cm, about equaling blade length, (glabrous); blade broadly-triangular-ovate, (1–) 3–9 (–14) × (1.5–) 3–9 (–16.5) cm, w/l = 4/5–6/5
16 KB (1,422 words) - 12:22, 30 July 2020
sepals. > 9 8 Lip with margins fleshy, ± inflexed at apex, apex acute; petals creamy white to greenish white; Nova Scotia. Spiranthes casei 8 Lip truncate
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catkins 2–5 cm; pistillate catkins 0.8–1.5 cm. Flowering with leaves in late spring. Infructescences 3.5–6.5 × 2–2.5 cm; bracts 1–1.8 × 0.8–1 cm. 2n = 16
7 KB (773 words) - 08:43, 30 July 2020
(13.5) cm long, (1.5) 2.7-4.7 (8) mm wide; peduncles (1) 5-31 (195) mm, with 2-5 rames; rames (1.5) 2.8-4.2 (6) cm, exserted or not at maturity, pubescence
7 KB (880 words) - 04:26, 30 July 2020
convolute-sheathing, ovate-acuminate, 1–1.5 mm, laminal cells shortly rhomboidal to near apex. Seta yellowbrown, 0.3–0.8 cm, twisted clockwise proximally, occasionally
13 KB (907 words) - 07:03, 30 July 2020
dying back over winter or sometimes persistent into the next season. Petiole 1/5–3/4 length of blade, base not conspicuously swollen; vascular-bundles 2,
12 KB (653 words) - 00:23, 30 July 2020
simple; stipules lanceolate-laciniate, (2–) 3–5 (–8) mm; blade ovate-orbiculate, 1.5–2.7 (–3) × 1.5–3.5 (–4) cm, base deeply cordate, unlobed, margins crenate
7 KB (663 words) - 14:28, 30 July 2020
usually shorter than 10 cm, 0.5-1 mm wide, usually rolled, occasionally flat, glabrous or pubescent. Inflorescences 2-24 cm long, 0.8-8 cm wide, usually panicles
7 KB (901 words) - 03:13, 30 July 2020
slender hairs; filaments 8–9 mm; anthers lanceolate-linear, ca. 1 cm, apex obtuse. Capsules erect, lanceoloid-linear, angled, 4–5 cm, apex acuminate. Seeds
6 KB (449 words) - 05:37, 30 July 2020
cream, oblong-oval, 0.6–1.3 mm, apex rounded; ovary glabrous; styles connate 1/3–3/4 their lengths, 2.5–8 (–9) mm, pilose in proximal 1/2. Berries palatable
11 KB (594 words) - 13:11, 30 July 2020
× 2–2.5 cm; filaments ca. 2.6 cm, hispid or slightly papillose; anthers ca. 3.5 mm; pistil light green, ca. 3.6 cm; ovary sessile, ca. 2.8 cm; style ca
7 KB (494 words) - 06:11, 30 July 2020
wide. Spathe 1.9–3.8 cm. Flowers erect; perianth cadmium yellow, funnelform, (1.9–) 2.2–4 (–6) cm; perianth-tube green, (0.2–) 0.5–0.9 (–1) cm, increasing
5 KB (455 words) - 05:59, 30 July 2020
branches; branches 1-8 cm, erect, terete to weakly angled, smooth or scabrous, with 3-15 (25) spikelets. Spikelets (3) 4-8 (12) mm, lengths to 3 times widths
13 KB (1,312 words) - 03:21, 30 July 2020
Association Pedicels usually 2–8 cm in flower; involucellar bractlets 7–10 (–15) mm. Flowers bisexual; calyx 10–14 mm, lobes 8–11 × 2.5–4 mm; petals mauve
3 KB (463 words) - 11:26, 30 July 2020
against adjacent achenes; sides not veined; beak terminal, straight, 0.05-1.8 mm. x=8. Temperate regions worldwide Species 15 (5 in the flora). Mature fruits
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229. Bulbs 1–3, not clustered on primary rhizome, with 0–2 stalked basal bulbels, ovoid to globose, 1–1.6 × 0.8–1.4 cm; outer coats enclosing 1 or more bulbs
8 KB (541 words) - 05:50, 30 July 2020
2 types, 2–3 mm or (5–) 6–8 mm, (1–) 1.5–3 cm apart; apical spine light or dark-brown to gray, subulate to acicular, 2–4 cm. Scape 2–6 m. Inflorescences
8 KB (573 words) - 06:14, 30 July 2020
winged, with 1 or 2 awns or a flat triangular appendage; lodicules 2, completely fused; anthers 3, opening by pores; ovaries glabrous, x = 8, 9, 10. B.C
9 KB (824 words) - 02:45, 30 July 2020
central. Pollen cones ovoid or oblong, with 6–8 whorls of 4 sporophylls, each bearing 4 sporangia. Ovules 2, only 1 of each pair maturing. Seed maturing in 2
6 KB (342 words) - 00:32, 30 July 2020
(lengths mostly 1/5–1/2 phyllaries). Phyllaries (± 8) ± 13 (± 21), 5–12 mm, tips green or brownish. Ray-florets ± 8; corolla laminae 8–12 mm. Cypselae
6 KB (552 words) - 21:14, 29 July 2020
arrays. Involucres obconic to hemispheric, (2.5–6.3 ×) 2.1–8.1 mm. Phyllaries 11–29 in 3–5 series, 1-nerved (flat), linear to ovate, bases often stramineous
10 KB (690 words) - 21:30, 29 July 2020
with 1-6 racemosely axillary arranged branches, panicles partially or completely enclosed by the subtending leaf-sheath; branches 2-12 (17) cm, ascending
9 KB (967 words) - 04:19, 30 July 2020
plants very uncommon). Plants (6–) 8–35 cm (stems sometimes stipitate-glandular). Stolons 1–9 (–12) cm. Basal leaves 1-nerved, spatulate to oblanceolate
8 KB (690 words) - 20:32, 29 July 2020
erose; blades 2-19 cm long, 1-4 mm wide, abaxial surfaces glabrous or hairy, adaxial surfaces hairy. Panicles 1-13 cm long, 1-4 cm wide, erect, usually
10 KB (1,015 words) - 02:55, 30 July 2020
in FNA Volume 10. Stems erect, 30–100 cm, strigillose. Leaves: petiole to 15 mm; blade linear to lanceolate, 2–8 cm. Inflorescences open racemes, axis recurved
6 KB (667 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
branched-spiculose, rarely nearly smooth. Calyptra cucullate, smooth. Spores 8–12 (–20) µm, yellowish-brown, moderately coarsely to finely papillose to nearly
21 KB (1,511 words) - 07:02, 30 July 2020
gynophore 1–3 mm in fruit; ovary 4–6 mm; style 0.1 mm. Capsules (15–) 25–40 (–65) × 2.5–4 mm, glabrous. Seeds 10–20, yellowish (black), obovoid, 2.4–2.8 × 1
6 KB (440 words) - 12:07, 30 July 2020
usually hispidulous). Cypselae obpyramidal to clavate, ± 4-angled (lengths 1–1.5+ diams.), sparsely to densely hairy (at least proximally, hairs straight);
12 KB (725 words) - 22:34, 29 July 2020
spreading at maturity; lemmas 4-8.5 mm, glabrous, awned, awns 11-90 mm, straight to ascending; paleas 5.5-8 mm; anthers 0.6-1.2 mm. Lateral spikelets staminate
7 KB (967 words) - 02:56, 30 July 2020
monomorphic, closely spaced to distant, not conspicuously narrowed at tip, to 90 cm. Petiole articulate to stem, straw-colored, somewhat flattened or grooved
13 KB (793 words) - 00:23, 30 July 2020
erect, white, 2.5–4 cm; anthers 1.3–2 cm, pollen golden; ovary ovoid, 0.8–1.5 cm × 4–7 mm, ovules 2–3 per locule; style green in distal 1/3, fading into white
8 KB (577 words) - 05:56, 30 July 2020
Biennials, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs (rarely flowering first-year), 8–60+ cm. Stems erect to spreading, branched from bases or throughout (not scapiform)
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[distinct] connate proximally; pistil 5-carpellate; ovules 4 (–8) per locule; styles 1 [absent]; stigmas 5-lobed. Capsules brown, ovoid, base rounded,
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(-180) cm; base usually reddish, pubescent. Leaves cauline and basal; basal leaves 0-5 at anthesis; cauline leaves 2-8 at anthesis; petiole 0.5-8 cm, petioles
9 KB (772 words) - 08:46, 30 July 2020
persistent or deciduous, 2–6 [–8], distinct or basally connate, equal or unequal, margins usually hyaline; petals [0–] 2–6 (–8), imbricate, distinct or connate
14 KB (751 words) - 12:05, 30 July 2020
equaling calyx, opening by 6 (or 8) recurved teeth; carpophore 5–8 mm. Seeds dark-brown, reniform-rotund, 1.3–1.5 mm, coarsely and evenly papillate. Generated
10 KB (849 words) - 10:24, 30 July 2020
Linnaeus, collector in eastern North America Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 480. Mentioned on page 371, 372, 374, 375, 449, 481. Illustrator:
11 KB (885 words) - 13:17, 30 July 2020
elliptic or ovate, 3.2–5.7 × 1.3–3.2 cm; filaments 1.5–2.5 (–3.2) cm, pubescent; anthers (2–) 2.5–4.8 mm; pistil 2–3.2 × 0.6–1 cm; style white or pale green
8 KB (614 words) - 06:11, 30 July 2020
and embedded in the rachis. Staminate panicles 10-25+ cm, with 1-60 (235) branches, internodes 1.5-8.2 mm; spikelets 9-14 mm long, 2.5-5 mm wide; lower glumes
8 KB (1,025 words) - 04:30, 30 July 2020
Etymology: Greek bryo, swell, and phyllon, leaf Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 158. Mentioned on page 147, 149, 157. Illustrator: Yevonn
9 KB (594 words) - 13:00, 30 July 2020
of North America Association Stems 1.5–30 cm. Leaf-blades to 8 cm × 3 mm. Inflorescences open, 3–35-flowered, 0.3–5 cm; bracts whitish, margins deeply 3-lobed;
4 KB (468 words) - 05:41, 30 July 2020
tennesseensis, Cystopteris tenuis, Cystopteris utahensis Bernhardi Neues J. Bot. 1(2): 26. 1805. Christopher H. Haufler, Robbin C. Moran, Michael D. Windham Common
13 KB (711 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
primrose purportedly protected by the gods Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 268. Mentioned on page 257, 258, 269, 273, 288. Herbs perennial
21 KB (1,760 words) - 13:05, 30 July 2020
scabridulous distally; lower paleas 1.2-1.6 mm, 1/2 or less the length of the upper florets, truncate to bilobed; upper florets 3-3.8 mm long, 2-2.5 mm wide, smooth
9 KB (1,274 words) - 04:05, 30 July 2020
5–32 ´ 2.5–19.1 cm, base truncate to cordate. Inflorescences racemes, of 3–9 whorls, each 3–15-flowered, decumbent to arching, to 62 ´ 8–18 cm, often proliferating;
7 KB (454 words) - 01:01, 30 July 2020
Splachnum sphaericum, Splachnum vasculosum Hedwig Sp. Musc. Frond., 51, plate 8. 1801. Paul C. Marino Etymology: Greek splachnon, tree moss Treatment appears
8 KB (478 words) - 07:34, 30 July 2020
the veins, apices acute, prow-shaped; paleas 0.1-0.8 mm shorter than lemmas, lengths 1.5-1.8 times widths, almost round in dorsal view, keels well developed
8 KB (991 words) - 03:29, 30 July 2020
(including petiole) 9.5–21 cm; petiolules 1–1.5 mm; leaflets 17–35, abaxially pale green, adaxially olive, oblong to elliptic, 5–8 (–10) × 14–19 mm, apex rounded
8 KB (514 words) - 14:06, 30 July 2020
(–18) × 0.5–4 cm; petiole 1.5–8 cm; blade rhombic-obovate, lanceolate, or oblanceolate, margins subentire, dentate, or pinnatifid. Flowers 1–several opening
9 KB (845 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
Saxifraga punctata var. nelsoniana (D. Don) Engler Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 54. Mentioned on page 50, 52, 53, 56. Illustrator: Linny
7 KB (623 words) - 13:16, 30 July 2020
5 × 0.4–1.3 cm, margins serrate, apex acuminate to obtuse, surfaces glaucous. Racemes 1–3 cm (6–40 cm in fruit); bracts unifoliate, obovate to spatulate
6 KB (512 words) - 12:06, 30 July 2020
acuminate, acute, or obtuse. Calyces colored as bracts, (8–) 15–23 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts (4–) 6–8 mm, abaxial ca. 50% of calyx length, adaxial ca. 75%
9 KB (689 words) - 18:51, 29 July 2020
straight; ovules 22–70 per ovary; style 0.1–2.5 mm; stigma subentire. Seeds ovoid to oblong, 1.5–2.1 × 1–1.5 mm; wing 0.1–0.5 mm wide, continuous. Generated Map
11 KB (834 words) - 12:00, 30 July 2020
Malacothamnus marrubioides, Malacothamnus palmeri Greene Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 208. 1906. David M. Bates Common names: Chaparral mallow bushmallow Etymology:
13 KB (608 words) - 11:29, 30 July 2020
glossy. Stems 2–6 (–13) cm, branches 3–8 (–17) mm. Stem-leaves broadest at 1/10 leaf length or below, 0.5–1.3 (–2.6) × 0.4–0.9 (–1.8) mm; base rounded to
7 KB (715 words) - 07:48, 30 July 2020
ovate, suborbiculate, elliptic, or lanceolate to linear, (0.3–) 0.5–5 (–7.8) cm, membranous to coriaceous, margins revolute or flat, serrate, dentate, crenate
13 KB (773 words) - 14:15, 30 July 2020
exserted 2 mm; styles 2–3 mm, exserted 2 mm. Capsules globose, (1.8–) 2–2.7 mm. Seeds 40–50, 0.8–0.9 mm. 2n = 14. Phenology: Flowering May–Aug. Habitat: Wet
4 KB (477 words) - 12:56, 30 July 2020
from well developed to much reduced. The operculum is often long, (0.6–)1.2–1.8 mm. The genus is found in soil and on rock, commonly in wet areas. Blockeel
12 KB (806 words) - 07:13, 30 July 2020
mm; anthers 1.8–2 mm; gynophore 10–18 mm in fruit; ovary (compressed), 3.5–5 mm; style 1–3 mm. Capsules (pendent) not inflated, 12–25 × 8–12 mm, striate
6 KB (485 words) - 12:06, 30 July 2020
stellate-hairy. Flowers: sepals 3.5–5 × 1–1.5 mm, stellate-pubescent; petals white (rarely pink abaxially or on both surfaces), 5–8 × 4–5 mm; filaments 4–6 (–6.5)
7 KB (500 words) - 13:09, 30 July 2020
rachilla internodes 1.1-1.8 mm; lemmas 2.4-4.8 mm, veins scabrous or hispidulous, intercostal regions scabridulous, scabrous, or hispidulous, midveins extending
8 KB (1,070 words) - 03:31, 30 July 2020
distal medial cells subquadrate, often transversely elongated, 8–16 (–18) µm wide, 1: 1 (–3), 1-stratose; papillae crowded, hollow, occasionally platelike
14 KB (930 words) - 07:06, 30 July 2020
Panicles (2) 4-18 (29) cm long, (0.7) 1-2 (2.8) cm wide, erect, contracted, sometimes interrupted, pale green to purple; branches 1.4-5 (9.5) mm, smooth
11 KB (1,232 words) - 02:38, 30 July 2020
Central America, South America, Asia (India), Africa, Australia Species 21 (8 in the flora). Members of Flaveria are frequently found in alkaline, saline
9 KB (638 words) - 23:35, 29 July 2020
stipule margins lacerate to laciniate; petiole 0.5–6.5 cm; blade 0.6–5.5 × 0.4–4.7 cm. Peduncles 1.7–13.8 cm, glabrous or puberulent. Flowers: sepals lanceolate
9 KB (748 words) - 11:42, 30 July 2020
obsolete or elongate, linear, less than 1 cm × 1 mm. Inflorescences terminal; spikelets 1; involucral-bracts 1, suberect, scalelike, apex mucronate or
7 KB (478 words) - 01:42, 30 July 2020
distally; ovary 8-grooved; stigma exserted or not beyond anthers. Capsules 15–20 mm; sessile. Seeds reddish-brown, 2–3 mm, scaly, crest to 0.8 mm, conspicuous
6 KB (616 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
Peduncular bracts: pit-glands 1 (terminal). Involucres ± obconic or campanulate to ± globose, 4–8+ mm diam. Phyllaries 3–16 in 1 series (elliptic, oblanceolate
8 KB (640 words) - 23:41, 29 July 2020
names: Hoary manzanita IllustratedEndemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 429. Mentioned on page 408, 413, 430. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey
6 KB (597 words) - 13:13, 30 July 2020
(or flattened bristles) in 1 series. Subtropical, tropical, and warm-temperate New World Genera 15, species 103 (4 genera, 8 species in the flora). All
10 KB (606 words) - 23:21, 29 July 2020
campanulate to hemispheric, 3–12 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, (5–) 8–40 in (1–) 2–5+ series, not notably nerved, ovate to elliptic or lanceolate, unequal
10 KB (586 words) - 22:55, 29 July 2020
in leaf-axils). Involucres ± hemispheric or broader, 2–8+ mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 5–8+ in 1–2+ series, distinct, lanceolate to ovate, subequal, margins
8 KB (553 words) - 20:52, 29 July 2020
pallid to dark purple, pink, yellow, or white, ± weakly bilaterally symmetric, 8–20 (–27) mm, deeply divided into 5 (sometimes reflexed or contorted) lobes
12 KB (756 words) - 19:25, 29 July 2020
yellowish white with purple tinge, fusiform, 1.2–3.8 × 0.4–0.8 mm, apex with style situated at center; testa dull, 3 cell-layers thick, pitted; aeroleareoles regularly
7 KB (576 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
exserted; filaments inserted 1–3.5 mm above base of perianth-tube, erect, white, 1.1–1.7 cm; anthers pale-yellow, 7–16 mm; ovary 0.8–1.6 cm, neck slightly constricted
7 KB (556 words) - 06:12, 30 July 2020
nodes; internodes 4-8 (12) mm long, 0.15-0.5 mm thick at the thinnest sections, angles scabrous, glabrous below the spikelets. Spikelets 8-25 mm, sometimes
12 KB (1,367 words) - 03:01, 30 July 2020
fruit, cream-white, elliptic, 1.7–2 × 1–1.3 mm, apex obtuse; petals basally connate, cream-white, elliptic, 1.5–2.3 × 0.8–1.1 mm, apex obtuse, spreading at
8 KB (612 words) - 09:12, 30 July 2020
(–9) mm; median filaments (8–) 10–13 (–15) mm; anthers 2–3 mm. Fruits (1.1–) 1.5–3.5 (–4) cm × (2.5–) 3–5 mm; valves (0.7–) 1–2.5 (–3.2) mm; terminal segment
9 KB (1,003 words) - 12:21, 30 July 2020
toward blade, 10–25 mm; blade bright green, elliptic-oblong to obovate, 8–20 × 4.5–12 cm, base cuneate to rounded, finally decurrent, margins ± undulate, apex
5 KB (341 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
maturity; branches 1.5-20 (22) cm, ascending to reflexed. Spikelets 5-12 (14) mm, with 6-20 florets. Lower glumes 1-3 (4.9) mm; upper glumes 1.8-5.5 mm; lemmas
7 KB (908 words) - 04:46, 30 July 2020
or acute to attenuate; widest cauline blades 1.5-18 mm wide. Panicles (3) 5-25 cm long, (1) 1.8-16 cm wide, 1-5.75 (7.5) times as long as wide, narrowly
6 KB (867 words) - 03:26, 30 July 2020
5–7 (or 8) per side, apex acute to subacute, abaxial surface usually glabrous, veins pubescent, adaxial appressed-pubescent. Inflorescences 8–15-flowered
12 KB (1,001 words) - 14:41, 30 July 2020
unequally pedicellate pairs, solitary distally; pedicels 0.1-1 mm, hairy. Spikelets 3.8-5 (6) mm long, 1.1-1.4 mm wide, lanceolate to ovate. Lower glumes absent;
9 KB (999 words) - 04:12, 30 July 2020
glabrous or hirsute to strigose; basal petiolate, 5–30 × 1–8 cm; cauline petiolate, 2–25 × 0.5–7 cm, bases attenuate to cordate or auriculate. Heads borne
8 KB (700 words) - 22:36, 29 July 2020
5–3.7 mm; blades plicate, 8–60 cm × 0.4–4 (–4.5) mm, widest leaf 0.8–4 (–4.5) mm wide. Inflorescences 0.8–5.5 cm; spikes 2–8; lateral spikes pistillate
8 KB (661 words) - 01:54, 30 July 2020
anthers usually all aborted late in development and 0.8-1.8 mm, infrequently well developed and 2-2.8 mm. 2n = 63, 70. Generated Map Legacy Map Alaska, Greenland
12 KB (1,211 words) - 03:25, 30 July 2020
scabridulous or ± setose, sometimes papillate, usually with 1 groove; pappi persistent [falling], of 2–4 [–8] retrorsely [antrorsely] barbed awns, sometimes 0.
9 KB (609 words) - 23:26, 29 July 2020
acute; blades plicate, 5–40 cm × 0.7–3.3 (–3.8) mm, widest leaf 1–3.3 (–3.8) mm wide. Inflorescences 0.7–7.8 cm; spikes (2–) 3–8; lateral spikes pistillate
9 KB (661 words) - 01:54, 30 July 2020
distributed 2–8 cm along conspicuous rhizome; pseudobulbs nearly cylindric to ovoid, 1.5–3 cm. Leaves 1 per shoot; blade lanceolate, 9–20 × 0.9–2 cm, almost
7 KB (613 words) - 05:32, 30 July 2020
rosettes well-differentiated; blades 1-8 cm, lanceolate, often conspicuously ciliate. Culms 15-60 cm, usually more than 1 mm thick, not delicate, mostly ascending
10 KB (1,144 words) - 04:02, 30 July 2020
Islands (New Zealand), Australia, temperate, circumboreal regions Species 16 (8 in the flora). Anomodon viticulosus grows mostly on shaded calcareous outcrops
12 KB (612 words) - 07:56, 30 July 2020
blue-violet, laminae 3–10 (–14) × 0.5–1.3 mm. Disc-florets (13–) 20–40 (–52); corollas yellow becoming purple, 2.8–5.8 mm, tubes shorter than funnelform throats
14 KB (1,045 words) - 21:06, 29 July 2020
yellowish orange, 1.5–5.5 (–8) mm; stamens unequal, filaments of antisepalous stamens 1.2–6 mm, those of antipetalous ones 0.5–4 mm, anthers 1–2.5 mm, ciliate
8 KB (704 words) - 21:04, 7 June 2022
Mexico Species 14 (8 in the flora). Pinkava, D. J. 1999b. Cactaceae cactus family: Part 4. Grusonia.... J. Arizona-Nevada Acad Sci 32: 8–52. Grusonia aggeria
10 KB (650 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
(7–) 8–11 pairs. Inflorescences umbels, pedunculate, (2–) 4–15-flowered. Pedicels 1–12 mm. Stigmas 2-lobed. Drupes black, globose or pyriform, 8–12 mm;
6 KB (533 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
panicles, 2–8 cm, flowers 10–30; pistillate racemes, 1–2 cm, flowers 1–6. Pedicels: staminate 2–3 mm, pistillate 1–3 mm. Staminate flowers: sepals 5, 1–2 mm,
8 KB (517 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
flattened), (1.8–) 2–4 (–4.6) × 0.2–0.7 mm (to 0.3 mm thick), hirsute to hispid throughout or adaxially. Flowers: sepals oblong, 1–1.3 (–1.5) × 0.5–0.8mm; petals
10 KB (994 words) - 12:34, 30 July 2020
annulus of 1–2 rows of deciduous or persistent cells; operculum long-rostrate to conic, often arcuate; peristome single, 16 teeth, split ca. 1/2 their length
14 KB (724 words) - 06:56, 30 July 2020
cream, 8–15 × 4–8 mm. Flowers: sepals 5–8 × 2–4 cm; petals oblong, 8–10 × 4–6 cm, base slightly saccate, apex fimbriate; stamens 0.8–1.1 cm; anthers erect
4 KB (444 words) - 13:11, 30 July 2020
7–4× 0.8–1.2 mm, apiculate; ovary 8–15 mm, glandular puberulent, often mixed villous; style light orange-red, 42–65 mm, glabrous, stigma 4-lobed, 1–1.4 ×
13 KB (934 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
Mentioned on page 5, 6, 8. Illustrator: Barbara Alongi Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants to 3 (–7) m. Leaves: petiole 1–6 cm; blade lanceolate
10 KB (986 words) - 09:40, 30 July 2020
ovary globose; stigmas 6–9 (–12). Capsules yellow, flushed red, globose, 5–8 cm diam. Phenology: Flowering summer. Habitat: Disturbed sites, near beaches
5 KB (365 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
beneath waxy coating, orbiculate, strongly cupped, 0.8–1.5 cm, stiff, leathery, glabrous. Flowers: sepals 1.5–2.5 mm; outer staminode dark purple, 12–15 × ca
10 KB (926 words) - 01:01, 30 July 2020
oblanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 1–3 cm, usually 0-lobed; cauline leaves linear-lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 2–7 (–8) cm, not fleshy, margins plane, sometimes
10 KB (766 words) - 18:52, 29 July 2020
membranous, sometimes all or partially wanting. Pistillate florets usually 1–8+, rarely 0; corollas whitish (inconspicuous), ± tubular. Functionally staminate
9 KB (666 words) - 23:19, 29 July 2020
genus Atrichum P. Beauv. A short survey of the genus and species. Lindbergia 1: 1–33. Atrichum altecristatum, Atrichum angustatum, Atrichum crispulum, Atrichum
15 KB (965 words) - 06:46, 30 July 2020
in var. vernonensis), usually suborbicular to broadly ellipsoid or oblong, 8–10 (–12) mm diam., pubescent or glabrous; sepal remnants present, spreading
13 KB (1,160 words) - 13:44, 30 July 2020
slightly lax, loosely contracted to open; nodes with 1-3 (5) branches; branches 1-8 cm, steeply ascending to reflexed, capillary to slender, drooping to fairly
10 KB (1,017 words) - 03:22, 30 July 2020
not fibrous. Culms terete, often with to 10 blunt ridges when dry, 4–60 cm × 0.3–1.8 mm, soft to firm, internally spongy. Leaves: distal leaf-sheaths persistent
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mm. Seeds deltoid, usually with small, transverse, membranous lamellae. x=8. Circumboreal, southward into n Mexico and n Africa Species ca. 100 (5 in the
12 KB (840 words) - 08:44, 30 July 2020
cream, 6 mm or less; bracteoles absent; sepals absent; petals absent; stamens 8-10 (-13); anthers dehiscing by 2 apically hinged flaps; pollen exine striate;
7 KB (362 words) - 08:27, 30 July 2020
of (1) 2-20 non-disarticulating, spikelike branches, exceeding the upper leaves; branches 1-17 cm, all or most in a digitate cluster, sometimes 1 (2) branch
8 KB (869 words) - 04:31, 30 July 2020
4.5-8.8 (10) mm, with (2) 3-5 (7) florets. Glumes exceeded by the upper florets, ovatelanceolate to lanceolate, scabrous distally; lower glumes 1.5-3.5
11 KB (1,222 words) - 03:11, 30 July 2020
the branches, with 3-6 (8) florets. Glumes lanceolate, glabrous or sparsely scabrous at the apices; lower glumes (4) 4.5-6.7 (8) mm; upper glumes (5) 6-10
11 KB (1,079 words) - 03:09, 30 July 2020
rays 0.3–3 (–4) cm; 3d order rays sometimes present, 0.3–2.5 cm; bracts (4–) 18–22, ± horizontal, flat, 15–27 cm × (1.5–) 8–12 mm. Spikelets 8–20, ovoid to
7 KB (559 words) - 01:32, 30 July 2020
tapering or rounded to beak, pubescent; beak 0.1–0.5 mm, emarginate or shortly bidentate, teeth less than 0.8 mm. Stigmas (2–) 3 (–4). Achenes usually trigonous
7 KB (428 words) - 01:24, 30 July 2020
pairs (1–) 2–4; terminal leaflet broadly obovate to rhombic-elliptic, (1–) 1.5–7 (–8) × 1–5 cm, teeth usually double (irregularly single in var. viscida)
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extravaginal or mainly extravaginal. Culms 8-50 cm. Innovation shoot blades usually shorter than 45 cm, (0.4)1-4 mm wide, usually flat, sometimes some involute
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ovatelanceolate, 1–2 × 0.5–0.7 mm, glabrous; petals yellow, oblong, (3.5–) 4–8 × 1.8–2.2 mm, glabrous; stamens (well-exserted), yellow, 8–12 mm; anthers
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orbiculate, or elliptic, sometimes oval or ovatelanceolate, 10–45 (–65) × 8–30 (–50) mm, abaxial surfaces pubescent or tomentose (sometimes on midveins)
14 KB (942 words) - 13:50, 30 July 2020
Louis 12: 40, plate 8. 1902 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 90. Mentioned on page 88, 89. Plants to 90 cm (roots fusiform to elongate-turbinate
6 KB (639 words) - 23:04, 29 July 2020
and spines 0. Involucres obovoid to obconic, 2–5+ mm diam. Phyllaries 3–8 in 1 series (lanceolate to oblanceolate, herbaceous, strongly conduplicate, each
10 KB (664 words) - 23:43, 29 July 2020
slender, 1–4 cm. Leaves: petiole slender, 0.8–2.5 cm, pubescence and glandularity not recorded; blade ± elliptic to rhombic-elliptic, 3–8 cm, thin to coriaceous
9 KB (799 words) - 14:36, 30 July 2020
tuberiferous, 1–10 cm. Culms trigonous, 8–50 cm × 1–3 mm. Leaves flat or V-shaped, 10–40 cm × 2–5 mm. Inflorescences: heads digitate, 8–18 mm diam.; rays
6 KB (513 words) - 01:33, 30 July 2020
stipitate-glandular. Receptacles flat to slightly convex, pitted, epaleate. Ray-florets 8–27, pistillate, fertile; corollas white to purple (coiling at maturity). Disc-florets
10 KB (687 words) - 22:18, 29 July 2020
to purple or red-black at maturity, globose or ellipsoid, 1.8–2.5 cm. Seeds ca. 4–10, obovoid, 8–10 mm; testa crustaceous, rugose. 2n = 22 (India, cult.
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lanceolate to ovate, 2.8–6 × 0.6–1.9 mm, apex acute to acuminate. Anthers 1.5–2.7 mm. Perigynia pale green, veinless, ellipsoid, 2.3–3.3 × 0.8–1.2 mm, longer than
8 KB (680 words) - 01:22, 30 July 2020
Panicles 0.8-30 cm wide; branches usually ascending to strongly divergent or drooping, sometimes appressed. Spikelets oval in side view, lengths 1-4 times
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× 1.8–3.5 mm; sepals (3–) 5, broadly deltate, 1–2.5 mm, acute-obtuse; stamens 10–25, anthers 0.7–1.2 mm, glabrous. Achenes 6–10.5 × 0.8–1.5 mm; fruiting
8 KB (609 words) - 14:15, 30 July 2020
nonrhizomatous, globose, 4–8 × 3.5–7.5 cm; basal plate 1–2 cm; neck 2.5–3.5 cm; tunic brown. Leaves deciduous, 3–6, erect, (3.8–) 5–9.5 dm × 1.5–4.5 cm, coriaceous;
9 KB (850 words) - 05:56, 30 July 2020
× 0.5–2 cm. Flowers: lateral sepals 1–1.8 × 0.5 cm, others 0.8–1.2 × 0.3–0.5 cm; petals oblong, 1–1.5 × 0.4–0.7 cm, base slightly saccate, apex rounded;
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Mentioned on page 222. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, 10–120 [–200+] cm. Stems erect, usually strictly branched. Leaves cauline; opposite or alternate;
8 KB (535 words) - 23:32, 29 July 2020
apex, obovate to obcordate, 2–6 × 1–4.5 cm, apex rounded or emarginate. Flowers: hypanthium appressed-hairy; sepals 0.5–0.8 mm; petals cream or yellow-green
8 KB (614 words) - 18:33, 29 July 2020
usually short but elongate in some species, rarely stoloniferous. Culms 0.8-6 m, erect. Leaves cauline, not aromatic; sheaths usually glabrous, sometimes
12 KB (931 words) - 04:21, 30 July 2020
elevated, ± exposing stamens, 3-8 mm, clefts 1-5 mm; hairs centered, denser on inner lobes near base of cleft, white. Fruits 8-18 mm, 2.2-3 (-4.2) times longer
8 KB (644 words) - 08:33, 30 July 2020
European strawberry tree, A. unedo Linnaeus Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 398. Mentioned on page 372, 375, 397. Illustrator: Yevonn
10 KB (836 words) - 13:11, 30 July 2020
paniculiform arrays. Peduncles (0.2–) 0.5–4 cm, bracts 4–8 (–17). Involucres cylindric to turbinate, 5–7 (–8.2) mm. Phyllaries in 3–5 series, broadly or
14 KB (1,023 words) - 21:00, 29 July 2020
corollas 3.5–5.5 mm (throats slightly indurate, not inflated). Cypselae (1.8–) 2.2–3 mm, 2-nerved, faces sparsely strigose; pappi: outer of setae, inner
8 KB (654 words) - 22:06, 29 July 2020
solitary flowers. Flowers: sepals 4–5 [–6] in 1 whorl, imbricate, abaxially densely hairy; petals (4–) 5 (–6) [–8], greenish white or greenish yellow, sericeous
6 KB (389 words) - 13:04, 30 July 2020
Flowers: calyx 6–8 mm, tomentulose and with long, simple hairs; petals 6–8 mm; staminal column 2–3 mm, glabrous; anthers yellow. Schizocarps 10–12 mm diam
5 KB (450 words) - 11:25, 30 July 2020
cordate. Segments usually linear, 1.5–5 (–8) mm wide, adnate to costa, closely spaced, margins entire, apex acute. Veins 1–2-forked [simple], occasionally
7 KB (407 words) - 00:35, 30 July 2020
Ulmus pumila, Ulmus rubra, Ulmus serotina, Ulmus thomasii Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 225. 175. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 106. 1754. Susan L. Sherman-Broyles Common names:
9 KB (681 words) - 08:23, 30 July 2020
setose. Cauline leaves 1 (–2), not paired. Inflorescences 5–50 (–70) -flowered, 1–8 (–11) cm diam.; glomerules 1–several. Pedicels 1–3 (–5) mm. Flowers 5–12
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6–16 mm, usually puberulent; blade oblong to elliptic-lanceolate, 1.5–8 × 0.5–2.5 cm, margins usually plane, apex obtuse to acute, usually apiculate, abaxial
8 KB (657 words) - 13:17, 30 July 2020
shoots 5-30 cm, from rhizomes, rhizomes horizontal. Basal leaves 1, simple; petiole (0.8-) 2-8 (-12) cm; leaf-blade reniform to ±orbiculate, (1-) 1.5-3 (-4)
7 KB (480 words) - 08:41, 30 July 2020
usually unbranched. Leaves in a basal rosette, often also cauline, (2.8–) 5–21 (–34) cm; blade margins entire, dentate, or pinnatifid. Inflorescences solitary
11 KB (875 words) - 21:03, 7 June 2022
Pedicels 1 per axil, 1.5–3 mm. Flowers: calyx 1.9–2.3 mm, outer sepals shorter than inner. Capsules broadly ovoid, depressed-globose, or subglobose, 1.8–2 ×
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2–4.5 cm), margins coarsely dentate, rarely subentire. Fruiting pedicels divaricate, (3–) 6–12 (–17) mm. Flowers: sepals (3.8–) 4–7 (–8) × 1–1.8 mm; petals
9 KB (936 words) - 12:21, 30 July 2020
Achenes usually exserted, yellowish-brown, not beaked distally, (3–) 3.8–7 × 2.3–4.8 mm, shiny, faces concave. Generated Map Legacy Map Calif., Idaho, Mont
6 KB (593 words) - 10:12, 30 July 2020
100–600 × 2.5–6 cm, glabrous; ribs 8–12, rounded, low, less than 1 cm deep, shallowly to indistinctly tuberculate; areoles ca. 2 cm apart along ribs,
11 KB (910 words) - 09:19, 30 July 2020
columnar; twigs reddish, smooth. Leaf-blades (8–) 10–16 (–30) × (2.5–) 3–5 cm, margins toothed on distal 1/2 (rarely proximal to middle), teeth deciduously
5 KB (553 words) - 13:08, 30 July 2020
7–23 (–34) × 1.5–3 mm; style relatively short. Seeds black to brown, subglobose, 0.8–1.6 × 0.8–1.4 mm. 2n = 24, 48. Phenology: Flowering May–Aug. Habitat:
7 KB (802 words) - 12:21, 30 July 2020
sublinear, 0.4–1 × 0.1–0.4 mm, apex acuminate, surfaces glabrate. Flowers: sepals ascending, light green, ovate-deltate, 1.1–2.3 × 1–1.8 mm, margins entire
11 KB (889 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
filaments (2–) 2.7–10 × (0.2–) 0.5–1 mm; anthers 0.7–1.1 mm; styles (2–) 3–5, 3–8 mm. Capsules 3.5–5.5 (–7) × 2–3.8 mm. Seeds 0.6–1 mm. 2n = 32. Generated Map
9 KB (629 words) - 18:20, 29 July 2020
Treatment on page 217. Mentioned on page 10, 215, 216, 225, 657, 658. Plants 3–8 (–13) cm, in tufts or mats. Stems dark-brown or reddish-brown, erect, simple or
10 KB (544 words) - 07:40, 30 July 2020
exserted 2.6–6.1 mm, calyxlike lobes triangular to subulate, 0.6–1.4 mm; styles connate 1/8 length, 1.3–2.2 mm. Capsules oblate-ovoid, 5.1–6.1 × 6.9–8.6 mm, 3-lobed;
9 KB (610 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
Involucres hemispheric or campanulate to turbinate, 8–12+ mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, usually 8, 13, or 21 in (1–) 2 series, erect, distinct (margins interlocking)
12 KB (779 words) - 21:23, 29 July 2020
compressed, with 1 floret; florets bisexua; disarticulation above or below the glumes. Glumes 1-veined, strongly keeled; lemmas membranous, glabrous, 1-veined,
7 KB (750 words) - 04:37, 30 July 2020
light-brown, laterally weakly 1-ribbed, medially 2-ribbed, basally 2-keeled, oblong-lanceolate, (1.2–) 1.4–1.6 (–1.8) × (0.7–) 0.8–1 mm, apex acute, mucronate
10 KB (791 words) - 01:34, 30 July 2020
sometimes scorpioid and/or secund, loose to dense, 1–many-flowered, leafy and/or bracteate; bracts (1–) 2 subtending each flower, markedly unequal. Flowers
11 KB (596 words) - 09:43, 30 July 2020
blade linearlanceolate, 60–100 × 3–5 cm, not leathery. Inflorescences erect-arching to pendent, 100–250 cm; bracts 5–8 mm. Flowers yellow with numerous small
7 KB (626 words) - 05:32, 30 July 2020
spathulifolium Hooker Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 227. 1832,. Hideaki Ohba IllustratedEndemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 222. Mentioned on
7 KB (507 words) - 13:04, 30 July 2020
Gynoecious (staminate plants uncommon). Plants 4–30 cm. Stolons 1–7 cm. Basal leaves 1-nerved, 8–40 × 2–10 mm, spatulate, oblanceolate, or cuneate, tips
8 KB (738 words) - 20:33, 29 July 2020
claw, 8–13 × 5–7 mm, margins minutely bristly-ciliate; column arcuate, slender, 2.5–3.5 (–4) × 1 mm, apex slightly expanded. Capsules ellipsoid, 8 × 5 mm
9 KB (733 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
3–5 cm; ovary ellipsoidal to rounded, 2–3 cm. Berries hanging from trunk near summit, green to orange, ellipsoidal to oblong, rounded distally, 8–45 cm
7 KB (504 words) - 12:04, 30 July 2020
5 (–8) × (1.3–) 1.6–2.8 (–4) cm, glabrous abaxially, margins minutely denticulate, apex acute to acuminate. Flowers 1 per stem; peduncles 0.6–1.6 cm, ebracteate;
7 KB (541 words) - 05:39, 30 July 2020
abaxial 2 or 3 (or 4), adaxial 1; stamens 2, epipetalous or inserted on receptacle, filaments glabrous; staminode 0; ovary 1-locular, placentation parietal
15 KB (823 words) - 19:22, 29 July 2020
sown seed, alluding to parietal placentation Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 396. Mentioned on page 373. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey
6 KB (376 words) - 13:11, 30 July 2020
keeled; stamens 3–8. Achenes enclosed in perianth, light yellow, light-brown, or greenish brown to dark-brown, ovate to lanceolate, 1.3–2.5 mm, faces subequal
9 KB (819 words) - 10:09, 30 July 2020
Volume 19. Treatment on page 202. Mentioned on page 64, 201. Perennials, (1–) 2–8 (–12+) dm; often rhizomatous or stoloniferous. Leaves mostly basal or mostly
8 KB (509 words) - 20:04, 29 July 2020
spines [0–] 6–8 per areole, 5–25 mm; central spines [0–] 1–2 [–4] per areole, 0–40 mm. Flowers nocturnal, lateral to terminal on stems 1 or more years
10 KB (743 words) - 09:19, 30 July 2020
turned in one direction on inflorescence axis Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 392. Mentioned on page 371, 373. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey
9 KB (546 words) - 13:10, 30 July 2020
mottled, 3–5 major veins from base, oblong to lanceolate-obtuse, 2.5–8+ × 1–3 cm, not glossy, apex obtuse. Flower above bracts, erect, odorless to faintly
10 KB (951 words) - 05:22, 30 July 2020
wavy-crinkled), or hairs tightly coiled or 1/2 coiled, or 1/2 coiled at base and erect-ascending, wavy distally, 0.2–0.8 (–1.3) mm. Stems: long-shoot internodes
10 KB (710 words) - 14:15, 30 July 2020
weakly curved, 0.2-2 mm. Seeds brown, elliptic to broadly elliptic, rugulose. x=8. Primarily temperate wetlands, worldwide Species 10 (3 in the flora). None
7 KB (315 words) - 08:42, 30 July 2020
those between different ploidy levels are sterile (J. G. Bruce 1975). Species 8–10 (6 in the flora). Bruce, J. G. 1975. Systematics and Morphology of Subgenus
7 KB (447 words) - 00:34, 30 July 2020
narrowly turbinate to subcylindric or campanulate, 4–8 × 2–8 (–10) mm. Phyllaries 22–40 in 3–5 series, 1-nerved (midnerves thin, slightly orange), lanceolate
9 KB (639 words) - 21:54, 29 July 2020
Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Herbs, perennial, (0.8–) 1–1.9 dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot. Stems few to several, erect or
8 KB (643 words) - 18:52, 29 July 2020
truncate to acute; blades 0.8-1.5 (2) mm wide, involute, moderately thick, soft, apices narrowly prow-shaped. Panicles 1.5-5 cm, erect, lanceoloid to ovoid
10 KB (1,076 words) - 03:24, 30 July 2020
shorter than more distal cells, 1–2 (–3):1; medial and distal cells vermicular to rhomboidal or hexagonal, usually 3–6 (–8):1, walls thin to incrassate, rarely
12 KB (715 words) - 07:36, 30 July 2020
lowiana, Abies magnifica, Abies procera Miller Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4 vol. 1. 1754. Richard S. Hunt Common names: Fir Etymology: Latin name of a European
16 KB (1,110 words) - 00:33, 30 July 2020
Bulbs 2–10+, not rhizomatous, ovoid or more elongate, 1–2.5 × 0.8–2 cm; outer coats enclosing 1 or more bulbs, gray or brown, reticulate, cells rather
9 KB (572 words) - 05:48, 30 July 2020
long as the spikelets, 1-3-veined; upper glumes 1.8-3.1 mm, 7-9-veined, midveins scabridulous; lower lemmas 1.9-3 mm, extending 0.4-1.1 mm beyond the upper
8 KB (1,228 words) - 04:06, 30 July 2020
mm; blades 1.8-12 (15) cm long, 2-5 mm wide, usually flat, occasionally involute, glabrous or ciliate basally. Panicles 1.7-15 cm long, 0.2-5 cm wide, cylindrical
8 KB (898 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
magnification evidently of hairs that coherent at the base; blades 1.5-6 cm long, 3-8 mm wide, lanceolate, glabrous or softly pilose, margins with prominent
8 KB (1,035 words) - 04:04, 30 July 2020
apex acute to obtuse; petiole 0.3–7 (–10) cm; blade sometimes ovate, 0.8–3.7 × 1–4.8 cm. Peduncles 2–9 cm, usually glabrous. Flowers: sepals with or without
9 KB (765 words) - 11:16, 30 July 2020
leaves scarcely longer than the stem-leaves. Seta (1–) 3–5 cm, brownish. Capsule various, (1.5–) 3–5 (–8) mm, terete, narrowly cylindric to oblong-cylindric
12 KB (907 words) - 06:45, 30 July 2020
acute, unawned, often apiculate; lower glumes 1 (3) -veined; upper glumes 3 (5) -veined, lateral-veins less than 1/2 the glume length; calluses hairy; lemmas
13 KB (1,134 words) - 02:39, 30 July 2020
(unbranched, leafy for the genus), ca. 1 dm. Basal leaves (forming a strong rosette; long-petiolate); blade obovate, 1.5–4 (–8) cm, (base ± abruptly narrowing to
7 KB (786 words) - 11:55, 30 July 2020
in fruit, 5–20 mm. Flowers: calyx 4–8 × 4.5–7 mm; petals connate 1–4 mm, bright to greenish yellow or red-marked, 8–20 × 9–20 mm, apex acute, tips often
6 KB (589 words) - 13:01, 30 July 2020
0.5–1.8 × 0.3–0.9 mm; ovary often reddish green, 8–40 mm, ± densely mixed strigillose and glandular-pubescent; style cream to light yellow, 1.1–8.5 mm
15 KB (1,188 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
mm. Fruits linear, (0.8–) 1.3–2.8 (–3.7) cm × 1.3–2 mm; ovules 8–18 per ovary; style 0.5–3 mm. Seeds brown, oblong, 1.5–2 × 0.9–1.2 mm. 2n = 16. Phenology:
8 KB (795 words) - 12:23, 30 July 2020
zygomorphic; perianth connate proximally, funnelform, shortly tubular basally, 2–8 cm; tepals subequal; filaments inserted on tepals distal to perianth-tube, fasciculate
7 KB (422 words) - 05:55, 30 July 2020
5–12 cm; peduncle 30–58 cm; spathe tube light green inside and out, closed, 1.3–3.4 × 0.6–1.7 cm; spathe blade white, widely open, 3.8–9.4 × 1.9–4 cm, margins
6 KB (492 words) - 01:01, 30 July 2020
5–4 mm. Capsules ± spheric, 1.2–1.3 × 1.2–1.3 cm, distinctly 3-lobed, explosively dehiscent. Seeds pale gray, ellipsoidal, 8–9 × 6–6.5 mm; caruncle prominent
9 KB (633 words) - 18:29, 29 July 2020
to oblanceolate, (10.8–) 13.3–20.1 (–23.2) × (2.3–) 3.3–6.3 (–7.5) mm; stamens (14–) 18–20 (–21); styles (4 or) 5, (1.7–) 2.6–4 (–4.8) mm; ovary apex glabrous
8 KB (666 words) - 13:48, 30 July 2020
stamens 8; filaments flattened proximally, glabrous; styles connate basally; stigmas fimbriate. Achenes included, dark-brown, 2.3–3.6 × 1.4–1.9 mm, shiny
10 KB (808 words) - 10:08, 30 July 2020
Flowers resupinate, white, yellow-green to green, nearly sessile; sepals 1–3-veined; lateral sepals similar, adnate to lip and slightly longer than free
11 KB (532 words) - 05:26, 30 July 2020
[flattened and leaflike in some epiphytic species], 100–500 × 0.8–5 [–30] cm, glabrous; ribs [3–] 4–8 [–12] [or 2-winged in some epiphytic species], prominent
12 KB (915 words) - 09:21, 30 July 2020
regenerates following disturbance or fire, sometimes in dense stands. Species 8 (8 in the flora). Bodo Slotta, T. A., and D. M. Porter. 2006. Genetic variation
9 KB (548 words) - 11:28, 30 July 2020
petiolulate, obovate to pinnatifid, 1-3.5 × 0.5-2 cm, bases narrowly cuneate to cuneate, margins incised to dissected on distal 1/3-1/2, apex broadly acute to obtuse
8 KB (546 words) - 08:46, 30 July 2020
glandular-pubescent or glabrous. Leaves: petiole 1–6 cm; blade ovate, elliptic, or rhombic, 1.5–6.8 × 0.8–4.7 cm, margins entire to ± repand and undulate, surfaces
7 KB (635 words) - 09:13, 30 July 2020
peduncles 0 or to 10 mm) in spiciform arrays 2–5 × 0.5–1 or 8–18 × 1–4 cm. Involucres globose, 3–5 × 4–8 mm. Phyllaries (greenish or yellowish) elliptic (margins
5 KB (506 words) - 20:50, 29 July 2020
faces tomentulose (at least when young). Heads 1–9, borne singly or 2–9 in cymiform arrays. Calyculi of 8–10, lanceolate, tomentose and often setose bractlets
7 KB (576 words) - 20:07, 29 July 2020
stipitate-glandular ones. Leaves green or purple-tinged, lanceolate to linear-oblong, 0.8–6.1 cm, not fleshy, margins wavy, involute, 0 (–3) -lobed, apex rounded to acute;
8 KB (645 words) - 18:52, 29 July 2020
prismatic or narrowly turbinate, slightly compressed to subcylindric, 5–7 mm, 5 (–8) -ribbed, faces strigose to scabrous or glabrous; pappi persistent, of 15–30
10 KB (697 words) - 22:26, 29 July 2020
glabrous, occasionally scabridulous. Flowers: stamens 1–2; anthers 0.8–1.2 mm; styles 0.8–1 mm; stigmas 0.6–0.8 mm. Achenes brown, slightly stipitate, oblongellipsoid
8 KB (683 words) - 01:33, 30 July 2020
1903 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 174. Mentioned on page 173. Caudices to 10 dm × 1–6 (–8) cm, clumps to 20 dm diam. Leaves without
7 KB (591 words) - 13:01, 30 July 2020
of 1 or both glumes extending to the apices, apices acute; lower glumes 1-2.3 mm; upper glumes 1.5-2.7 mm; rachilla internodes 0.5-0.8 mm; lemmas 1.8-3
8 KB (1,049 words) - 03:21, 30 July 2020
marcescent corolla and style bases. x = 8, 9. Worldwide, especially from Mediterranean region east to c Asia Species ca. 300 (8 in the flora). The greatest diversity
11 KB (727 words) - 10:13, 30 July 2020
2.4–5.6 cm, surfaces punctate. Inflorescences: staminate 5–9-flowered, pistillate 3–7-flowered; peduncle 1.3–4.3 × 1.2–2.2 mm. Pedicels: 0.4–1.1 mm in staminate
7 KB (528 words) - 13:08, 30 July 2020
blue-green, spheric to cylindric, sometimes stipitate, 2–9 (–15) × 2–8 (–10) cm; ribs 8 or 13 (0 in young, tuberculate plants), indistinct (in A. brevihamatus)
13 KB (892 words) - 09:24, 30 July 2020
sessile, obtriangular, (0.5-) 0.7-1.8 (-2.2) × 0.5-1.3 cm, base cuneate, margins crenate to broadly serrate on distal 1/3, apex obtuse to truncate, surfaces
7 KB (498 words) - 08:37, 30 July 2020
Herbs, annual, cespitose. Culms 1–10 (–25), roundly trigonous, 3–12 cm × 0.3–0.8 mm, glabrous. Leaves 1–3– (4), 1–6 cm × 1 (–1.5) mm. Inflorescences: if rays
8 KB (565 words) - 01:34, 30 July 2020
for 1/2–2/3 their lengths, 8–15 mm, glabrous or hirsute; petals imbricate at anthesis, asymmetrically obovate-cuneate and auriculate toward base, 1.5–4
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present during dormant season. Stems 1-4 (-8) per root, usually unbranched, rarely less than 60 cm, elongation delayed 1-3 weeks after leaf initiation; base
6 KB (537 words) - 08:48, 30 July 2020
occasionally 1×-lobed; ultimate lobes 8-15 mm wide. Flowers: sepals usually 5, white, ovate to obovate, rarely oblanceolate, (12-) 15-25 × (8-) 10-15 (-20)
7 KB (508 words) - 08:44, 30 July 2020
smooth in M. parvifolia); elaiosome absent or, less than 1 mm. x = 7, 8, 10, 11. Worldwide Species 12 (8 in the flora). The classification of Montia is in transition
11 KB (582 words) - 09:46, 30 July 2020
5–8 × 0.8–3 cm, base cuneate, margins entire, apex acute to rounded. Inflorescences slender; scape 12–31 cm, partially covered by sheathing bracts; spike
7 KB (555 words) - 05:21, 30 July 2020
Sematophyllum marylandicum, Sematophyllum subpinnatum Mitten J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 8: 5. 1864. Wilfred B. Schofield† Etymology: Greek sematos, mark, and phyllon
6 KB (341 words) - 07:53, 30 July 2020
2-6 (8) cm, erect, ovoid to pyramidal, open or loosely contracted at maturity, fairly congested; nodes with 1-2 branches, lowest internodes 0.6-1 (1.5) cm;
11 KB (1,164 words) - 03:18, 30 July 2020
Pedicels 0.8–1.5 cm, brownish lanate, jointed at apex with flower. Flowers pendent, fragrant; calyx-tube 6–9 mm, brownish lanate, lobes 7–9 x 5–8 mm, leathery
11 KB (834 words) - 19:07, 29 July 2020
puberulent. Leaves with pungent odor of horseradish; 30–60 cm, leaflets distributed on 4–8 pairs of pinnae; pinnae largest near base of leaf, 2 or 3 pinnate;
10 KB (698 words) - 12:04, 30 July 2020
long, 1.5-2 mm wide, narrowly ovoid, glabrous, acuminate; lower florets staminate. Glumes and lower lemmas relatively thick; lower glumes 2.8-4 mm, 1/2 -
9 KB (1,236 words) - 04:07, 30 July 2020
lanceolate to linear, gradually reduced or none. Heads 1–3. Involucres obconic to hemispheric, 8–18 mm diam. Phyllaries 7–12 mm, outer oblong-lanceolate
7 KB (594 words) - 22:31, 29 July 2020
2°–8° from axis; anthers off white or cream, becoming pale-pink or yellow, 0.8–1.5 cm; pollen yellow or cream; pistil 7.5–10.4 cm; ovary 1.7–3.4 cm; style
9 KB (798 words) - 05:43, 30 July 2020
stipitate-glandular. Heads 2–22 (1–3 per branch), in cymiform arrays. Calyculi of 8–10, deltate or lanceolate, tomentose bractlets 3–8 mm. Involucres cylindric
7 KB (574 words) - 20:06, 29 July 2020
narrowly or broadly oblanceolate to broadly elliptic or rhombic, (1.2–) 2–6 (–8) cm, (base usually abruptly narrowed to petiole), margins entire, sinuate
9 KB (836 words) - 11:57, 30 July 2020
spatulate, (15–) 16.6–19.7 (–22) × (4–) 5.3–7.3 (–8.6) mm; stamens (17–) 19–21 (–23); styles (3–) 5, (2.3–) 2.8–3.6 (–4.2) mm; ovary apex densely hairy. Pomes
7 KB (674 words) - 13:48, 30 July 2020
oblanceolate, obovate, or spatulate, (8–) 12–20 mm; stamens 5–12; stigmas 2–4; pedicel 2–5 mm. Capsules 3–5 mm. Seeds 4–15, 1.5 mm, shiny, smooth. Generated Map
7 KB (476 words) - 09:45, 30 July 2020
2–15 mm, faces glabrous; cauline leaves: petiole 0–8 mm, ciliate or glabrous; blade obovate to spatulate, 8–30 × 3–20 mm, base long-cuneate, usually ciliate
6 KB (485 words) - 18:58, 29 July 2020
clefts (6–) 8–16 mm, adaxial 4–10 (–14) mm, abaxial 45–60% of calyx length, adaxial 15–40% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 1–4 mm, 5–15%
9 KB (634 words) - 18:51, 29 July 2020
spreading, simple; stems erect > 8 8 Fruits latiseptate or 4-angled; cauline leaf blades linear-lanceolate. Caulanthus heterophyllus 8 Fruits terete; cauline leaf
16 KB (997 words) - 11:59, 30 July 2020
slender, 2–15+ cm. Stems 1–80+, erect or ascending to procumbent or prostrate to trailing, green, 5–60 cm; internodes terete to angular, 1/3–8+ times as long
10 KB (841 words) - 10:05, 30 July 2020
0; stamens 1 (or 2); torus absent or reduced; carpel 1, hairy, styles basal, stigmas capitate; ovule 1. Fruits achenes, 1, narrowly ovoid, 0.8–2.5 mm; hypanthium
10 KB (569 words) - 14:13, 30 July 2020
cylindric (remaining hemispheric at high elevations), 4–25 (–45) × 8–15 (–20) cm; ribs (7–) 8 (–9), vertical to helically curving around stem, rib crests broadly
8 KB (886 words) - 09:22, 30 July 2020
cuneate, 1–1.5 mm, margins entire or remotely glandular-toothed; petiole 2–2.5 mm; blade oblanceolate, lanceolate, or narrowly oblong, 5–8 × 1.7–3 cm, length
7 KB (481 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
marginal cilia. Panicles 5-12 cm long, 3-10 cm wide, open, exserted; branches flexuous. Spikelets 2.2-3.2 mm long, 1.1-1.3 mm wide, ellipsoid, yellowish-green
11 KB (1,071 words) - 04:01, 30 July 2020
red-brown, mostly sessile, ovoid, ellipsoid, or lance-cylindric, mostly 1–2 cm. Flowers are mostly 2.5–3.5 mm, excluding long-exserted stamens; filaments
11 KB (647 words) - 01:45, 30 July 2020
(10–) 20–30 (–45) cm × 0.4–1.2 mm, distal 1/2 glabrous or infrequently scabridulous. Leaves 2–6 (–8), V-shaped or flat, 8–12 (–16) cm × 1–2 (–4) mm. Inflorescences:
8 KB (595 words) - 01:33, 30 July 2020
Pedicels 2–5 cm, sparsely to moderately glandular-puberulent. Flowers: calyx light greenish, 5.5–8.5 mm, glandular-pubescent abaxially, tube 1.5–2.5 mm, lobes
8 KB (535 words) - 13:06, 30 July 2020
clusters in axils or forks of branches; bracts persistent, not accrescent, 1–3 beneath each flower, distinct, narrowly lanceolate, small or minute, herbaceous
11 KB (518 words) - 09:32, 30 July 2020
corymbiform racemes or umbels, (3–) 6–8 (–18) -flowered. Pedicels 5–11 mm. Flowers: sepals green, lanceolate, 1–1.2 mm, apex acute, surfaces glabrous, margins
7 KB (586 words) - 13:18, 30 July 2020
after flowering, (1.7–) 2.7–3.9 (–6) mm; petals oblong-oval to broadly elliptic, (5.5–) 7.1–8.7 (–16.9) × (2.6–) 3.9–5.3 (–7) mm; stamens (8–) 18–21 (–25);
9 KB (913 words) - 13:48, 30 July 2020
purple, 1.1–1.9 cm; pollen rust, tan, or peach, becoming yellow or tan-yellow; pistil 4.6–7.1 cm; ovary 1.2–2.6 cm; style green, often pale; pedicel 7.8–21
9 KB (986 words) - 05:43, 30 July 2020
strigose-sericeous; internodes 1.5–5.5 cm (long-shoots), 0.2–2.2 cm (lateral branches); axillary buds exposed. Leaves: petiole 2–4.5 (–8) mm; blade grayish or whitish
9 KB (564 words) - 18:24, 29 July 2020
(–40) cm; bulbs renewed each year, 1–2 × 1–2.5 (–3.5) cm; bulblets numerous. Leaves 4–6 (–9); blade with white adaxial stripe, 20–30 cm × 3–5 (–8) mm. Scape
7 KB (606 words) - 06:01, 30 July 2020
1–3-locular, ellipsoid to plumply ovoid, 0.8–1.9 cm × 5–12 mm. Seeds 2–4 (–8) per locule, 3–6.7 × 1.6–2.2 mm. 2n = 16. Phenology: Flowering spring–early summer
5 KB (535 words) - 06:04, 30 July 2020
cylindric, terete, commissures between sepals absent, lobes green or reddish, 3–8-veined, triangular to lanceolate, shorter than tube, margins white or reddish
13 KB (1,001 words) - 10:22, 30 July 2020
Capsules 20–30 mm; pedicel 0–5 mm. Seeds brown or gray, 1.5–1.8 mm, scaly-echinate, crest 0.1 mm. California. Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). Clarkia mildrediae
6 KB (683 words) - 21:02, 7 June 2022
11–20 mm. > 8 8 Plants usually less than 35 cm; flowers 1(–2); lateral sepals nearly distinct to connate almost to apex. Cypripedium passerinum 8 Plants usually
10 KB (452 words) - 05:19, 30 July 2020
subopposite or opposite); petiole 1–5 cm, with unicellular hairs of varying lengths; blade ovate-elliptic, (2–) 3–8 (–10) × 1.5–5.5 cm, base rounded or cordate
8 KB (675 words) - 13:17, 30 July 2020
or rose, oblong, 0.8–2.6 mm, pubescent; petals (whitish or yellow), narrowly oblanceolate, 1–3 × 0.3–1 mm; median filaments 1–2.8 mm; anthers 0.2–0.4
11 KB (1,076 words) - 12:28, 30 July 2020
5–7 × 1–2 mm. Disc-florets 8–16; corollas yellow or white, tubes 0.8–1.3 mm, throats tubular to subfunnelform, 1.8–3 mm, lobes 0.5–1.3 mm. Cypselae (1.8–)
6 KB (565 words) - 23:48, 29 July 2020
sepal, 1-2-lobed, 3-8 mm; nectary on spur; stamens many; filaments with base expanded; staminodes absent between stamens and pistils; pistil 1, simple;
8 KB (407 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
10–40 dm. Stems 1–8; bark initially reddish purple to brownish gray, becoming grayish red; winter buds red-purple to redbrown, conic to ovoid, 8–13 mm, dull
10 KB (780 words) - 14:30, 30 July 2020
to ovate, (0.5–) 0.7–1 (–1.1) × 0.4–0.7 mm; petals (rarely rudimentary), white, spatulate to oblanceolate, 1–2 (–2.5) × 0.3–0.8 (–1) mm, claw undifferentiated
11 KB (1,184 words) - 12:35, 30 July 2020
basal and cauline; basal: petiole 1–8 cm, floccose, blade oblong-ovate, reniform, or rounded to cordate, 0.5–5 × 0.5–3.5 cm, densely white-tomentose abaxially
9 KB (834 words) - 10:50, 30 July 2020
10–30 × 2–8 cm, bases truncate or rounded to cordate; cauline petiolate or sessile, ovate to elliptic, proximal usually 3–5-lobed, 2–20 × 1.5–8 cm (smaller
7 KB (701 words) - 22:52, 29 July 2020
prostrate, much-branched, 0.1–6 (–8) dm, glabrous. Leaves nonaromatic; petiole 0.05–0.45 cm; blade triangular to rhombic, 1–9 × 1–6 cm, base cuneate, margins
7 KB (626 words) - 09:30, 30 July 2020
names: Stanford’s manzanita IllustratedEndemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Mentioned on page 411, 412. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora
6 KB (607 words) - 13:12, 30 July 2020
reticulate-alveolate), mucilaginous or not when wetted; cotyledons conduplicate. x = 7, 8, 9, 10, 11. Introduced; sw Europe, sw Asia, e, nw Africa, also in Mexico, West
13 KB (952 words) - 12:20, 30 July 2020
by flowering, surfaces glabrous later. Inflorescences 3–8-flowered, 20–40 mm. Pedicels: usually 1 subtended by a leaf, proximalmost 15–35 mm. Flowers: sepals
6 KB (585 words) - 13:48, 30 July 2020
10–20 mm, tube 1–2 mm, apex entire or 2-fid, cleft 0–1 mm; corolla pale-yellow with purple veins and an abaxial, U-shaped, purple mark, 8–20 mm, throat
7 KB (473 words) - 18:57, 29 July 2020
top node at 1/10-1/3 the culm length. Sheaths closed for 1/10 – 1/5 their length, terete, bases of basal sheaths glabrous or sparsely minutely hairy, hairs
14 KB (1,385 words) - 03:23, 30 July 2020
barely exserted, pollen-sacs 2–2.8 mm. Capsules ovoid to globular-ovoid, 8–12 x 7–9 mm, glabrous. Seeds reticulate, 1.8–2.5 x 1–2 mm. Phenology: Flowering Jun–Sep
7 KB (515 words) - 18:50, 29 July 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Stems 15-80 cm. Basal leaves (1-) 2 (-3) ×-ternately compound, 9-37 cm, much shorter than stems; leaflets green adaxially
6 KB (539 words) - 08:34, 30 July 2020
navicular, 0.9–1.3 mm, sutures papillate; staminode 6–8 mm, exserted, flattened distally, 0.3–0.5 mm diam., tip straight to recurved, distal 1–5 mm densely
9 KB (736 words) - 19:06, 29 July 2020
leaf-blade widely orbiculate, 1.3-8 × 1.8- -11.5 cm, base cordate, margins entire, apex acute or acuminate, surfaces strongly villous to glabrescent; lobes
8 KB (733 words) - 08:44, 30 July 2020
abaxially, conspicuously 0–8-veined adaxially, ovate to lanceolate, planoconvex or flat, (2.8–) 3.5–4 (–4.8) × (0.8–) 1–1.5 (–1.8) mm, 0.35–0.45 mm thick
8 KB (714 words) - 01:55, 30 July 2020
awl-shaped, 0.3–2 cm. Flowers numerous; perianth 1–2 cm, tube 0.4–0.8 (–1) cm; anthers 2.5–3 mm; style 3–4 mm; pedicel erect, peglike, 1 mm, concealed by
4 KB (443 words) - 05:47, 30 July 2020
to ca. 8 dm. Stems erect, branched, pubescent with hooked trichomes. Leaves: stipules linear to linear-lanceolate, 1.8-2.5 mm; petiole 1-6 cm, often ±
6 KB (403 words) - 08:31, 30 July 2020
styles 2–4 (or 5), (1.8–) 2.3–3.4 (–4.7) mm; ovary apex glabrous or sparsely to moderately (densely) hairy. Pomes pinkish purple, 8–14 mm diam. 2n = 2x
8 KB (738 words) - 13:48, 30 July 2020
slightly shorter, minutely papillate; stamens 6, filaments 0.8–1.4 mm, anthers 0.8–1.4 mm; style 1 mm. Capsules 3-locular, narrowly ovoid, 4–5 mm. Seeds narrowly
5 KB (382 words) - 00:57, 30 July 2020
wide, to 1/3 as wide as blade; blade green, oblanceolate or clavate-oblanceolate, 1–6 cm × 2–8 mm, 1–4 mm thick, base 1–4 mm wide, apex subacute to rounded
6 KB (562 words) - 13:02, 30 July 2020
Copyright: Rhizomes: internodes 0.5–4 cm; scales 4–10 mm. Leaves dark redbrown; sheath 1.5–6 cm × 1–2 mm; blade 5–20 cm × 0.3–1.5 mm, apex notched or with very
5 KB (450 words) - 01:01, 30 July 2020
tepals pale-yellow, 1-13 cm, outermost 1-5 normally persistent; anthers 1-2 cm. Fruits somewhat globose, 10-16 × 8-13 mm, mostly less than 1.25 times longer
5 KB (560 words) - 08:35, 30 July 2020
appearing as buds on soil at base of archegoniate plants. Seta 1–1.8 cm. Theca 0.8–1.2 mm. Spores 10–12 µm. Generated Map Legacy Map North America, Central
8 KB (922 words) - 07:03, 30 July 2020
to 40 cm. Roots fusiform, to 4.5 cm × 4–8 mm, fleshy. Stems subterranean, short. Leaves 3–8; petiole spreading to suberect, 1.1–3.5 (–5.5) cm; blade abaxially
9 KB (677 words) - 05:21, 30 July 2020
ovate, 0.8–1.8 (–2.2) × 0.6–1.3 mm; petals white, obtriangular or obdeltate to obovate or broadly obovate, 0.6–2 × 0.6–1.8 mm; apical notch to 1/2 length
6 KB (668 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
anthers yellow, 0.6–0.8 mm; carpels (5–) 8–15 (–18), styles 1–3 mm. Achenes greenish tan to light-brown, 1.2–1.5 mm. Generated Map Legacy Map Calif., Nev. Varieties
8 KB (729 words) - 14:04, 30 July 2020
or trees 1–5 m; stems usually arising singly. Twigs reddish, glabrate, lenticels elliptic, pith tan; bark striate. Leaves: stipules ovate, 0.8–2.5 mm; petiole
7 KB (457 words) - 18:27, 29 July 2020